CN113501014B - Side-by-side combination of door opening and closing mechanism and bottom door opening and closing assembly and railway hopper car - Google Patents
Side-by-side combination of door opening and closing mechanism and bottom door opening and closing assembly and railway hopper car Download PDFInfo
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- CN113501014B CN113501014B CN202110870523.1A CN202110870523A CN113501014B CN 113501014 B CN113501014 B CN 113501014B CN 202110870523 A CN202110870523 A CN 202110870523A CN 113501014 B CN113501014 B CN 113501014B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
- B61D7/02—Hopper cars with discharge openings in the bottoms
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Abstract
The application discloses a split door opening and closing mechanism, a bottom door opening and closing composition and a railway hopper car, wherein the split door opening and closing mechanism comprises a driving shaft and a driving connecting rod mechanism, and the driving shaft is arranged on the driving shaft; the driving connecting rod mechanism comprises an eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism and a follow-up connecting rod mechanism, the first end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is fixedly connected with the driving shaft, the second end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is hinged with the first end of the follow-up connecting rod mechanism, and the second end of the follow-up connecting rod mechanism is hinged with the first end of the door plate of the side-by-side door. When the automatic door opening and closing device works, the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism of the driving connecting rod mechanism takes the driving shaft as a rotating shaft and rotates in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the driving shaft, so that the space position of the hinged end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is changed, the follow-up connecting rod mechanism moves along with the space position, and the door plate of the opposite-opening door is driven to be opened or closed. The split door opening and closing mechanism is simple in structure and flexible in operation, and can improve the adaptability of the railway hopper car.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of railway trucks, and particularly relates to a side-by-side combination of a side door opening and closing mechanism and a bottom door opening and closing mechanism and a railway hopper car.
Background
Railroad hopper cars are railroad vehicles for transporting bulk cargo and having a self-dumping function. Because the manual work is saved in the unloading, economy is swift, and the hopper car occupies very big proportion in the railway freight car of foreign country holds volume, and hopper structure and discharge mechanism are also various, and domestic hopper car quantity and motorcycle type are less, and structural style is also comparatively single, and carrying capacity is weaker. In recent years, as the axle weight of trucks increases and the labor cost increases, the development of new railroad hopper cars has become urgent.
The existing hopper car with longitudinally arranged bottom doors comprises at least one group of bottom door transmission mechanisms and a control system, wherein the bottom door transmission mechanisms and the control system are arranged at the discharge opening at the bottom of a hopper bin, the bottom doors are controlled by one or more transmission shafts longitudinally arranged along a car body, longitudinal hopper ridges are needed to be arranged in the car body because the longitudinal transmission shafts need to run through the car body discharge area, the transmission shafts are arranged at the lower parts of the longitudinal hopper ridges, the car body hopper is divided into a plurality of longitudinal discharge openings by the longitudinal hopper ridges, the whole hopper structure is in a W shape, and the actual cargo carrying space is reduced.
The existing hopper car bottom door opening and closing mechanism is divided into an upper transmission device and a lower transmission mechanism, is limited by a hopper structure, is complex in structure, large in dead weight, low in transmission efficiency and large in door opening force, and is easy to be blocked.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a split door opening and closing mechanism, a bottom door opening and closing assembly and a railway hopper car, wherein the split door opening and closing mechanism is simple in structure and flexible in operation, and can improve the adaptability of the railway hopper car.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the application is that the split door opening and closing mechanism comprises a driving shaft and a driving connecting rod mechanism, wherein the driving connecting rod mechanism comprises an eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism and a follow-up connecting rod mechanism, a first end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is fixedly connected with the driving shaft, a second end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is hinged with a first end of the follow-up connecting rod mechanism, and a second end of the follow-up connecting rod mechanism is respectively hinged with first ends of two door plates of the split door so that when the driving shaft rotates, the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism moves along the axial direction of the driving shaft and drives the split door to be opened or closed through the follow-up connecting rod mechanism.
Optionally, the driving link mechanism includes one the eccentric self-locking link mechanism and two the follow-up link mechanism, the first end of eccentric self-locking link mechanism with driving shaft fixed connection, the second end of eccentric self-locking link mechanism respectively with two the first end of follow-up link mechanism is articulated, two the second end of follow-up link mechanism is used for respectively with the first end of two door plant of split door articulated.
Optionally, the eccentric self-locking link mechanism comprises a shaft sleeve, a swinging block, a crank and a cross beam, wherein the shaft sleeve, the swinging block and the crank are sequentially hinged, a rotating shaft of a hinging point is parallel to the driving shaft, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the driving shaft, and an eccentric groove is formed in the side part of the crank, and the shape of the eccentric groove is matched with the shape of the section of the shaft sleeve, so that the eccentric self-locking link mechanism is driven by the driving shaft to rotate and shrink to a state that the shaft sleeve is clamped in the eccentric groove, or rotated and unfolded to a state that the shaft sleeve is separated from the eccentric groove;
the beam is fixedly arranged at the free end of the crank, both ends of the beam extend out of the crank, the first ends of the two follow-up connecting rod mechanisms are respectively hinged with both ends of the beam, and the rotating shaft of the hinge point is perpendicular to the driving shaft.
Optionally, the driving link mechanism includes two the eccentric self-locking link mechanism and two the follow-up link mechanism, two the first end of eccentric self-locking link mechanism all with driving shaft fixed connection, two the second end of eccentric self-locking link mechanism respectively with two the first end of follow-up link mechanism articulates, two the second end of follow-up link mechanism is used for respectively with the first end of two door leafs of split door articulates.
Optionally, the eccentric self-locking link mechanism comprises a shaft sleeve, a swinging block and a crank, wherein the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the driving shaft, the shaft sleeve, the swinging block and the crank are sequentially hinged, and the rotating shaft of a hinge point is parallel to the driving shaft; the free end of the crank is hinged with the first end of the follow-up link mechanism, and the rotating shaft of the hinge point is perpendicular to the driving shaft;
the side part of the crank is provided with an eccentric groove, the shape of the eccentric groove is matched with the cross section shape of the shaft sleeve, so that the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is driven by the driving shaft to rotate and shrink to a state that the shaft sleeve is clamped into the eccentric groove or rotate and expand to a state that the shaft sleeve is separated from the eccentric groove.
Optionally, a prism section is arranged on the driving shaft; the shaft sleeve is a prismatic sleeve, and is sleeved on the prismatic section; the eccentric groove is a prismatic groove.
Optionally, the follow-up link mechanism includes link member and go-between, link member's first end with eccentric auto-lock link mechanism's second end articulates to the pivot of pin joint is perpendicular to the driving shaft, link member's second end is provided with the link, the go-between cover hang in on the link, be used for with the door plant articulates.
Optionally, the link member includes connecting rod and regulation pole, the first end of connecting rod with eccentric auto-lock link mechanism's second end articulates, the second end of connecting rod with the first end threaded connection of regulation pole, the link set up in the second end of regulation pole.
Optionally, the side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism further comprises a driven shaft, a driven connecting rod mechanism and a transmission mechanism, wherein: the driven shaft is spaced from the driving shaft and arranged in parallel, and the transmission mechanism is respectively connected with the driven shaft and the driving shaft so that the driven shaft synchronously rotates along with the driving shaft; the structure of the driven connecting rod mechanism is the same as that of the driving connecting rod mechanism, the driven connecting rod mechanism also comprises an eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism and a follow-up connecting rod mechanism, a first end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is fixedly connected with the driven shaft, a second end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is hinged with a first end of the follow-up connecting rod mechanism, and a second end of the follow-up connecting rod mechanism is respectively hinged with second ends of two door plates of the opposite-opening door so that when the driving shaft and the driven shaft rotate, the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism moves along the axial direction of the driving shaft and drives the opposite-opening door to open or close through the follow-up connecting rod mechanism.
Optionally, the driven link mechanism and the driving link mechanism are symmetrically arranged by taking a central axis of the side-by-side door, which is parallel to the axial direction of the driving shaft or the driven shaft, as a symmetry axis.
Optionally, the transmission mechanism is a chain transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a transmission chain, the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are respectively and fixedly installed on the driving shaft and the driven shaft, and the transmission chain is sleeved on the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket in a posture of being twisted by 180 degrees so as to transmit torque.
Optionally, the structure and the installation direction of the driven link mechanism and the driving link mechanism are the same.
Optionally, the transmission mechanism is a chain transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism includes a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a transmission chain, the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are respectively fixedly installed on the driving shaft and the driven shaft, and the transmission chain is sleeved on the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket so as to transmit torque.
Based on the same inventive concept, the application correspondingly provides a bottom door opening and closing assembly, which comprises a split type bottom door and the split type door opening and closing mechanism, wherein the split type bottom door comprises a first bottom door and a second bottom door which are symmetrically arranged along a first direction, the outer side edge of the first bottom door and the outer side edge of the second bottom door are both hinged edges, and the inner side edge of the first bottom door and the inner side edge of the second bottom door are oppositely arranged; the driving shaft of the side-by-side door opening and closing mechanism is arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and is positioned at the end part of the side-by-side door, two follow-up link mechanisms are arranged in the side-by-side door opening and closing mechanism, and the two follow-up link mechanisms are hinged with the inner side edges of the first bottom door and the second bottom door respectively.
Based on the same inventive concept, the application also correspondingly provides a railway hopper car, which comprises the bottom door opening and closing component.
According to the technical scheme, the side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism comprises a driving shaft and a driving connecting rod mechanism, wherein the driving connecting rod mechanism comprises an eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism and a follow-up connecting rod mechanism which are mutually hinged, the first end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is fixedly connected with the driving shaft, the second end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is hinged with the first end of the follow-up connecting rod mechanism, and the second end of the follow-up connecting rod mechanism is used for being respectively hinged with the first ends of two door plates of the side-by-side combination door, so that when the driving shaft rotates, the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism moves along the axial direction of the driving shaft, and the side-by-side combination door is driven to be opened or closed by the follow-up connecting rod mechanism. When the driving shaft rotates, the driving shaft is fixedly connected with the driving shaft, the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism of the driving connecting rod mechanism can rotate in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the driving shaft by taking the driving shaft as a rotating shaft (the axis of the driving connecting rod mechanism is positioned in the plane), so that the space position of the hinged end (the second end) of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is changed, and when the space position of the hinged end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is changed, the follow-up connecting rod mechanism can move along with the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism based on the rigid structure, so that the door plate of the opposite door is driven to be opened or closed. When the split doors are in a closed state, the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism realizes self locking by means of self-locking eccentricity of the mechanism, so that the split doors are prevented from being opened accidentally.
Compared with the prior art, the side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism provided by the application has a simple structure, and can drive two door plates of the side-by-side combination door to be opened or closed simultaneously by rotating the driving shaft, so that the opening and closing operation is flexible. When the split door opening and closing mechanism is applied to a bottom door opening and closing assembly of a railway vehicle, the split door opening and closing mechanism is arranged at the end part of the bottom door, and the driving shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the bottom door and is arranged at the end part of the bottom door, so that the technical problem that a longitudinal funnel ridge is needed to be arranged in a vehicle body and occupies the cargo carrying space of the funnel because a longitudinal transmission shaft needs to penetrate through a vehicle body unloading area in the prior art is fundamentally solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first connecting structure diagram of a side-by-side door opening and closing mechanism and a side-by-side door in embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the drive or driven linkages of FIG. 1 in a contracted state;
FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the drive linkage or driven linkage of FIG. 1 in an expanded state;
FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of yet another configuration of the drive linkage or driven linkage in a contracted state;
fig. 7 is a second connection structure diagram of the side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism and the side-by-side combination door in embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the closing state of the bottom door formed by opening and closing the bottom door in embodiment 2 of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a side view of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the open state of the bottom door formed by opening and closing the bottom door in embodiment 2 of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a side view of FIG. 10;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a railway hopper car according to embodiment 3 of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: 100-a side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism; 10-driving shaft; 20-an active linkage; 30-a driven shaft; 40-driven link mechanism; 50-transmission mechanism, 51-driving sprocket, 52-driven sprocket, 53-transmission chain; 1-a shaft sleeve; 2-swinging blocks; 3-bell crank, 3 a-eccentric groove; 4-connecting rods; 5-adjusting the rod; a 6-connecting ring; 7-a cross beam; 8-eccentric self-locking link mechanism; 9-a follow-up link mechanism; 200-side-by-side combination doors, 210-first bottom doors, 220-second bottom doors; 300-funnel; 400-underframe; 500-bogie; 600-braking device; 700-car coupler buffer device; 800-an opening and closing driving device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the following detailed description of the technical scheme of the present application will be given by way of specific examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to solve the technical problems of complex structure, large dead weight, low transmission efficiency and large door opening force of a side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism in the prior art and easy occurrence of clamping stagnation, the application provides a side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism, which has the following basic inventive concept:
the utility model provides a two door opening and closing mechanism of folio, includes driving shaft and initiative link mechanism, and initiative link mechanism includes eccentric auto-lock link mechanism and follow-up link mechanism, and eccentric auto-lock link mechanism's first end and driving shaft fixed connection, and eccentric auto-lock link mechanism's second end is articulated with follow-up link mechanism's first end, and follow-up link mechanism's second end is used for articulating respectively with the first end of two door leafs of folio to when the driving shaft rotates, eccentric auto-lock link mechanism moves along its axial to open or close through follow-up link mechanism drive folio door.
The working principle of the split door opening and closing mechanism is as follows: when the driving shaft rotates, the driving link mechanism is perpendicular to the driving shaft and is fixedly connected with the driving shaft, the eccentric self-locking link mechanism of the driving link mechanism can rotate in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the driving shaft by taking the driving shaft as a rotating shaft under the driving of the driving shaft, so that the space position of the hinged end (second end) of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism is changed, and the two ends of the follow-up link mechanism are respectively hinged with the eccentric self-locking link mechanism and the door plate. When the split doors are in a closed state, the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism realizes self locking by means of self-locking eccentricity of the mechanism, so that the split doors are prevented from being opened accidentally.
The opposite-opening door opening and closing mechanism is simple in structure, two door plates of the opposite-opening door can be simultaneously driven to be simultaneously opened or closed by rotating the driving shaft, and the opening and closing operation is flexible. Thereby solving the technical problems existing in the prior art.
In order to fully understand the technical scheme of the present application, the following describes the technical scheme of the present application in detail with reference to several specific embodiments:
example 1:
the embodiment of the application provides a split door opening and closing mechanism 100, the structure of which is shown in fig. 1 and 7, the split door opening and closing mechanism comprises a driving shaft 10 and a driving connecting rod mechanism 20, the driving connecting rod mechanism 20 is perpendicular to the driving shaft 10, the driving connecting rod mechanism 20 comprises an eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8 and a follow-up connecting rod mechanism 9, the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8 can realize self locking by means of self-locking eccentricity of the mechanism, a first end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8 is fixedly connected with the driving shaft 10, a second end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8 is hinged with a first end of the follow-up connecting rod mechanism 9, and a second end of the follow-up connecting rod mechanism 9 is used for being hinged with a first end of a door plate of the split door 200. Since the two door panels of the side-by-side door 200 are driven to open and close simultaneously, two hinge points are required between the driving link mechanism 20 and the first end of the side-by-side door 200, and the driving link mechanism 20 may be selectively configured by the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 and the two follower link mechanisms 9, or the driving link mechanism 20 may be configured by the two eccentric self-locking link mechanisms 8 and the two follower link mechanisms 9, depending on specific use conditions.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, in the present embodiment, the driving link mechanism 20 includes an eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 and two follower link mechanisms 9, a first end of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 is fixedly connected with the driving shaft 10, a second end of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 is hinged with first ends of the two follower link mechanisms 9, and second ends of the two follower link mechanisms 9 are hinged with first ends of two door panels of the side-by-side door 200. The eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 drives the two follow-up link mechanisms 9 to move together at the same time.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, in the present embodiment, the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 includes a shaft sleeve 1, a swing block 2, a bell crank 3 and a cross beam 7, the shaft sleeve 1 is sleeved on a driving shaft 10, the shaft sleeve 1, the swing block 2 and the bell crank 3 are hinged in sequence, the rotation axis of the hinge point is parallel to the driving shaft 10, and the hinged shaft sleeve 1, the swing block 2 and the bell crank 3 are similar to hinges and can rotate around the driving shaft 10. When the driving shaft 10 rotates in the coiling direction, the hinged shaft sleeve 1, the swinging block 2 and the crank 3 are wrapped on the driving shaft 10; when the driving shaft 10 rotates in the extending direction, the hinged shaft sleeve 1, the swinging block 2 and the crank 3 are separated from the driving shaft 10. Since the sleeve 1, the rocker 2 and the bell crank 3 are all of rigid structure, the free end (second end) of the bell crank 3 can be driven to move in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft 10 by rotation of the drive shaft 10.
The self-locking of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8 is realized through the structure of the shaft sleeve 1 and the crank 3, specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 5, in this embodiment, the side part of the crank 3 is provided with the eccentric groove 3a, when the driving connecting rod mechanism 20 is in a contracted state, that is, the hinged shaft sleeve 1, the swinging block 2 and the crank 3 are in a coiling state, an eccentric angle exists between the connecting line of the center of the eccentric groove 3a and the center of the hinging point of the swinging block 2-crank 3 and the axis of the driving connecting rod mechanism 20, so that the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8 can realize self-locking by means of the self-locking eccentric distance of the mechanism. The shape of the eccentric groove 3a is matched with the cross-sectional shape of the shaft sleeve 1, so that the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 is driven by the driving shaft 10 to rotate and shrink to a state that the shaft sleeve 1 is clamped into the eccentric groove 3a or rotated and unfolded to a state that the shaft sleeve 1 is separated from the eccentric groove 3 a.
The hinging of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8 and the follow-up connecting rod mechanism 9 is realized through a cross beam 7, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the cross beam 7 is fixedly arranged at the free end of the crank 3, both ends of the cross beam 7 extend out of the crank 3, the first ends of the two follow-up connecting rod mechanisms 9 are respectively hinged with both ends of the cross beam 7, and the rotating shaft of the hinging point is perpendicular to the driving shaft 10, so that when the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8 is coiled or unfolded, the two follow-up connecting rod mechanisms 9 can be driven to rotate relatively or oppositely in a plane defined by the axis of the driving shaft 10 and the axis of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8, thereby realizing the opening or closing of the side-by-side combination door 200.
In other embodiments, the driving linkage 20 may further include two eccentric self-locking linkages 8 and two follow-up linkages 9, where the first ends of the two eccentric self-locking linkages 8 are fixedly connected to the driving shaft 10, the second ends of the two eccentric self-locking linkages 8 are hinged to the first ends of the two follow-up linkages 9, and the second ends of the two follow-up linkages 9 are hinged to the first ends of the two door panels of the side-by-side door 200.
In this embodiment, the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 may adopt a structure similar to the present embodiment, specifically, as shown in fig. 6, when the driving link mechanism 20 includes two eccentric self-locking link mechanisms 8 and two follow-up link mechanisms 9, the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 includes only a shaft sleeve 1, a swinging block 2 and a bell crank 3, the shaft sleeve 1 is sleeved on the driving shaft 10, the shaft sleeve 1, the swinging block 2 and the bell crank 3 are hinged in sequence, and the rotation axis of the hinge point is parallel to the driving shaft 10; the free end of the bell crank 3 is intended to be articulated with a first end of the follower link 9 and the axis of rotation of the articulation point is perpendicular to the drive shaft 10. The structure of the crank 3 can be the same as that of the present embodiment, that is, the side portion of the crank 3 is provided with an eccentric groove 3a, and the shape of the eccentric groove 3a is matched with the cross-sectional shape of the shaft sleeve 1, so that the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 is rotated and contracted to a state that the shaft sleeve 1 is clamped into the eccentric groove 3a under the driving of the driving shaft 10, or rotated and unfolded to a state that the shaft sleeve 1 is separated from the eccentric groove 3 a.
Since the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 is opened and self-locked by adopting a dead point passing mode in the application, the shaft sleeve 1 is preferably provided as a prismatic sleeve, and the corresponding eccentric groove 3a is a prismatic groove. For example, the prismatic structures are all quadrangular prisms and edge chamfer angles, and of course, triangular prisms, pentagonal prisms or other prismatic structures are also suitable. Correspondingly, the driving shaft 10 is provided with a prismatic section, the shaft sleeve 1 is sleeved on the prismatic section, and rotation stopping and torque transmission are realized through the prismatic structure.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, in the present embodiment, the follower link mechanism 9 includes a link member and a connecting ring 6, a first end of the link member is hinged to a second end (an end of the cross beam 7 or a free end of the bell crank 3) of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8, and a rotation axis of the hinge point is perpendicular to the driving shaft 10, the second end of the link member is provided with a hanging ring, and the connecting ring 6 is hung on the hanging ring in a sleeved manner for being hinged to the door panel.
In consideration of manufacturing errors of the side-by-side door 200 and assembly tolerances of the opening and closing mechanism, there is a possibility that the opening degree of the two door panels of the side-by-side door 200 is not synchronized or a sealing gap at the time of closing does not reach standards. In order to solve the technical problem, as a preferred embodiment, the connecting rod member comprises a connecting rod 4 and an adjusting rod 5, wherein a first end of the connecting rod 4 is hinged with a second end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8, a second end of the connecting rod 4 is in threaded connection with a first end of the adjusting rod 5, and a matching structure of external threads of the connecting rod and internal threads of the adjusting rod 5 is preferred, and a hanging ring is arranged at the second end of the adjusting rod 5. When the opening degree of the two door plates of the side-by-side door 200 is not synchronous or the sealing gap when the door plates are closed is not up to the standard, the whole length of the connecting rod component can be changed by adjusting the relative position of the connecting rod and the adjusting rod 5, so that the manufacturing error and the dislocation amount of the assembly tolerance are compensated.
In the case of the side-by-side door 200 having a length of 1.5m or less, the door 200 is normally opened by one-side driving, and if the length of the side-by-side door 200 exceeds 1.5m, it is necessary to provide opening and closing mechanisms at both ends of the side-by-side door 200. That is, for the side-by-side door 200 having a length exceeding 1.5m, the corresponding side-by-side door opening and closing mechanism 100 further includes a driven shaft 30, a driven link mechanism 40, and a transmission mechanism 50, the driven shaft 30 is spaced from and disposed in parallel with the driving shaft 10, the driven link mechanism 40 has the same structure as the driving link mechanism 20, that is, the driven link mechanism also includes an eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 and a follower link mechanism 9, a first end of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 is fixedly connected with the driven shaft 30, a second end of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 is hinged with a first end of the follower link mechanism 9, and a second end of the follower link mechanism 9 is used to be hinged with a second end of the door panel of the side-by-side door 200. The driven link mechanism 40 may refer to the driving link mechanism 20 for the specific structure, and the details are not described herein.
The transmission mechanism 50 connects the driven shaft 30 and the driving shaft 10, respectively, so that the driven shaft 30 rotates in synchronization with the driving shaft 10. The driven link mechanism 40 is perpendicular to the driven shaft 30, and the transmission mechanism 50 may be any mechanism for transmitting torque and achieving synchronous motion, such as a chain transmission mechanism 50, a synchronous belt, etc., and the specific type of the present application is not limited. In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 50 is a chain transmission mechanism 50, the chain transmission mechanism 50 includes a driving sprocket 51, a driven sprocket 52 and a transmission chain 53, the driving sprocket 51 and the driven sprocket 52 are respectively fixedly mounted on the driving shaft 10 and the driven shaft 30, and the transmission chain 53 is sleeved on the driving sprocket 51 and the driven sprocket 52 to transmit torque.
In the specific structural arrangement of the side-by-side door opening and closing mechanism 100, there are two alternatives: symmetrical or homodromous. Symmetrical arrangement referring to fig. 1, the driven link mechanism 40 and the driving link mechanism 20 are symmetrically disposed with respect to a central axis of the side-by-side door 200 (i.e., a central axis of the side-by-side door 200 in a width direction) parallel to an axial direction of the driving shaft 10 or the driven shaft 30 as a symmetry axis. At this time, the driven link mechanism 40 and the driving link mechanism 20 are mirror symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis, the self-locking directions of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 are opposite, and in order to realize synchronous movement of the driven link mechanism 40 and the driving link mechanism 20, the driving chain 53 needs to be twisted 180 ° and then sleeved on the sprocket, and synchronous reverse rotation of the driving shaft 10 and the driven shaft 30 can be ensured by twisting the driving chain 53.
The equidirectional arrangement is seen in fig. 7, and the driven linkage 40 is identical to the driving linkage 20 in both structure and mounting direction. At this time, the self-locking directions of the driven link mechanism 40 and the driving link mechanism 20 are identical, both in structure and in installation, and the self-locking directions of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 are identical, so that the driving chain 53 can be directly sleeved on the driving chain wheel 51 and the driven chain wheel 52 without twisting, thereby ensuring that the driving shaft 10 and the driven shaft 30 synchronously rotate in the same direction so as to transmit torque.
Compared with the equidirectional arrangement structure, when the symmetrical arrangement structure is adopted, the number and the types of all related accessories on the driving side and the driven side are identical, and the process of producing the tissue is relatively simple. And from the structural point of view, the symmetrical arrangement structure is adopted so that the stress conditions on two sides of the side-by-side door 200 are identical. Therefore, when applied to the side-by-side door 200 having a length exceeding 1.5m, the opening and closing mechanism should preferably be arranged symmetrically.
Referring to fig. 8 to 11, the working principle of the split door opening and closing mechanism 100 provided in the present embodiment is as follows:
when the driving shaft 10 rotates, the driving link mechanism 20 is perpendicular to the driving shaft 10 and is fixedly connected with the driving shaft 10, and the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 of the driving link mechanism 20 rotates in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the driving shaft 10 by taking the driving shaft 10 as a rotating shaft under the driving of the driving shaft 10. When the driving shaft 10 rotates in the coiling direction, all components (the shaft sleeve 1, the swinging block 2 and the crank 3) of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8 are wrapped on the driving shaft 10; when the drive shaft 10 rotates in the extending direction, the respective members (the boss 1, the rocker 2, and the bell crank 3) of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 are disengaged from the drive shaft 10. Because the shaft sleeve 1, the swinging block 2 and the crank 3 are all of rigid structures, the free end of the crank 3 (the second end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8) can be driven to move in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the driving shaft 10 by the rotation of the driving shaft 10, so that the space position of the free end of the crank 3 is changed.
Since both ends of the follow-up link mechanism 9 are respectively hinged with the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 and the door panel, when the space position of the hinged end of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 is changed, the follow-up link mechanism 9 moves along with the space position based on the self-rigid structure, so that the door panel of the side-by-side combination door 200 is driven to be opened or closed.
The eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8 can realize self-locking by means of self-locking eccentricity of the mechanism, when the driving shaft 10 rotates, the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism 8 can rotate and shrink to a state that the shaft sleeve 1 is clamped into the eccentric groove 3a under the driving of the driving shaft 10, self-locking is realized, and the state corresponds to the closing state of the door 200, so that the door 200 is prevented from being opened accidentally. The eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 can be rotated and unfolded by the driving shaft 10 to a state that the shaft sleeve 1 is separated from the eccentric groove 3a, and the state corresponds to the opening state of the door 200.
For the side-by-side door 200 driven by the driving side and the driven side, when the driving shaft 10 rotates, torque is synchronously transmitted to the driven shaft 30 through the transmission mechanism 50, and on the driven side, the driven shaft 30 acts as the driving shaft 10, and drives the driven link mechanism 40 to synchronously act so as to jointly open or close the side-by-side door 200.
Example 2:
based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a bottom door opening and closing composition including a split bottom door and the split door opening and closing mechanism 100 of embodiment 1 described above. The side-by-side door opening and closing mechanism 100 may adopt the structure of driving side single-side driving in the above-described embodiment 1, or the structure of driving side-driven side both-end driving. When driving is adopted, the two ends of the driving side and the driven side are driven, and the same-direction arrangement structure or the symmetrical arrangement structure can be selected. The driving link mechanism 20 or the driven link mechanism 40 of the side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism 100 may adopt the structural form of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 and the two follow-up link mechanisms 9, or may adopt the structural form of the two eccentric self-locking link mechanisms 8 and the two follow-up link mechanisms 9, and the specific application form is not limited by the present application.
As shown in fig. 8 to 11, the split type bottom door (i.e., the split door 200) includes a first bottom door 210 and a second bottom door 220 symmetrically arranged along a first direction, which is a longitudinal direction (generally, a longitudinal direction and a width direction of a vehicle in the art are transverse directions), and is also a longitudinal direction of the bottom door. The outer side of the first bottom door 210 and the outer side of the second bottom door 220 are hinge sides, and a plurality of hinge seats are disposed at intervals on the hinge sides for mounting the bottom doors on a railway vehicle. The inner side edge of the first bottom door 210 is opposite to the inner side edge of the second bottom door 220, and when the split type bottom doors are in a closed state, the inner side edge of the first bottom door 210 and the inner side edge of the second bottom door 220 should be tightly attached to each other, so that gaps are avoided, and the goods drop.
Since the bottom door of the railway wagon is generally longer than 1.5m, the side-by-side opening and closing mechanism 100 in this embodiment adopts a structure driven by two ends of a driving side and a driven side, and preferably adopts a symmetrical arrangement structure, and the driving link mechanism 20 or the driven link mechanism 40 adopts a structure form of an eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 and two follow-up link mechanisms 9.
Referring specifically to fig. 8 to 11, the driving shaft 10 and the driven shaft 30 of the side-by-side door opening and closing mechanism 100 are disposed in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and located at both ends of the side-by-side bottom door, that is, the driving shaft 10 and the driven shaft 30 are disposed in the lateral direction, and the transmission mechanism is disposed in the longitudinal direction and distributed laterally to the side-by-side door 200. In the side-by-side door opening/closing mechanism 100, the driven link mechanism 40 and the driving link mechanism 20 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the lateral center axis of the side-by-side bottom door (i.e., the center axis in the width direction of the side-by-side door 200) as the axis of symmetry. The driven link mechanism 40 has the same structure as the driving link mechanism 20, and comprises an eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 and two follow-up link mechanisms 9, wherein the two follow-up link mechanisms 9 are respectively hinged with the inner sides of the first bottom door 210 and the second bottom door 220. The two ends of the bottom door are symmetrically provided with a set of connecting rod mechanism which is connected with the side surface of the vehicle body through a chain, so that the two ends of the bottom door are stressed uniformly, and the generation of holding force, distortion and the like is avoided.
When the bottom door is closed, the locking is realized by eccentric self-locking of the driving link mechanism 20 and the driven link mechanism 40. When the bottom door is opened, the driving shaft 10 rotates, and the driving shaft is transited through the transmission of a chain, and then the driving link mechanism 20 and the driven link mechanism 40 act to pass through the dead point to open the bottom door.
Example 3:
based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment provides a railway hopper car, which can be any existing railway hopper car such as a ballast hopper car, a coal hopper car and the like. Unlike the prior art, the railroad hopper car adopts the bottom door opening and closing composition of embodiment 2 described above.
Specifically, referring to fig. 12, the railroad hopper car includes a hopper 300, a chassis 400, a bogie 500, a brake device 600, a coupler buffer device 700, a bottom door opening and closing device, and an opening and closing driving device 800, the hopper is installed above the chassis 400, and the bogie 500, the brake device 600, and the coupler buffer device 700 are installed below the chassis 400, and the structure of the hopper body, the chassis 400, the bogie 500, the brake device 600, and the coupler buffer device 700 are not modified according to the present application, so that the structure of the hopper body, the chassis 400, the bogie 500, the brake device 600, and the coupler buffer device 700 may be referred to in the prior art, and the detailed description thereof will not be given herein.
In the railroad hopper car, the bottom door opening/closing device may be configured to be driven on one side of the driving side in the above-described embodiment 1, or configured to be driven on both ends of the driving side and the driven side. When driving is adopted, the two ends of the driving side and the driven side are driven, and the same-direction arrangement structure or the symmetrical arrangement structure can be selected. The driving link mechanism 20 or the driven link mechanism 40 of the bottom door opening and closing device can adopt the structural form of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 and the two follow-up link mechanisms 9, and can also adopt the structural form of the two eccentric self-locking link mechanisms 8 and the two follow-up link mechanisms 9, and the specific application form is not limited by the application.
Since the bottom door of the railroad hopper car is generally longer than 1.5m, the bottom door opening and closing device in this embodiment adopts a structure driven by two ends of the driving side and the driven side, and preferably adopts a symmetrical arrangement structure, and the driving link mechanism 20 or the driven link mechanism 40 adopts a structure form of an eccentric self-locking link mechanism 8 and two follow-up link mechanisms 9. The opening and closing driving device 800 is preferably a hand wheel, the hand wheel is exposed out of the railway hopper car, an operator stands on the ground to operate the railway hopper car, the hand wheel is rotated to drive the transmission shaft to rotate, the transmission shaft is connected in a transmission mode through a chain, and then the bottom door is opened through movement of the connecting rod mechanism, so that unloading to the inner side of the track is achieved.
Since the bottom door opening and closing composition of embodiment 2 is such that the driving shafts (the driving shaft 10 and the driven shaft 30) are provided in the lateral direction of the vehicle body, the chain transmission mechanism 50 is provided only at the side edges of the bottom doors, and one driving shaft simultaneously drives the two bottom doors to be opened or closed, the longitudinal transmission shaft for transmitting torque in the prior art is eliminated in the railroad hopper car of the present embodiment based on the above-described structure.
In the prior art, the longitudinal transmission shaft penetrates through the unloading area of the vehicle body, so that a longitudinal funnel ridge is needed in the vehicle body, the existence of the longitudinal funnel ridge occupies the cargo carrying space of the funnel on one hand, and the existence of the longitudinal funnel ridge enables the bottom door to be opened towards two sides and towards the outer side only, namely two discharge openings are arranged in the transverse direction, and the opening degree of a single discharge opening is not large. For example, the longitudinal inner unloading type and the longitudinal outer unloading type bottom door structure of the KZ70 series stone ballast hopper car in China are divided into four unloading openings by a longitudinal hopper ridge and a ballasting beam of a car body, and the opening degree of the bottom door is 190mm. The KM70 series coal hopper car longitudinal outward unloading type bottom door structure is divided into two unloading openings by a car body longitudinal hopper ridge, and the opening of the bottom door is 450mm. Therefore, the hopper car with the longitudinally arranged bottom door structure in the prior art is only suitable for transporting goods with large particles and good fluidity. For powdery goods with high viscosity, the goods are not easy to flow out, and therefore, the powdery goods are not applicable.
The railway hopper car of the embodiment does not need to be provided with a longitudinal hopper ridge in the hopper correspondingly because the longitudinal transmission shaft is omitted, the bottom of the hopper is only provided with a longitudinal large-opening bottom door, the bottom door opening of the same series of KM70 series coal hopper cars can reach more than 800mm, and the railway hopper car is suitable for transporting goods with large particles and good fluidity. For powdery cargoes with larger viscosity, the cargoes are not easy to flow out, and the railway hopper car of the embodiment is also applicable. In addition, because the funnel does not need to be provided with a longitudinal funnel ridge, the actual cargo carrying space of the funnel is increased, compared with the same-series KM 70-series coal hopper cars in the prior artThe space can be increased by about 9m3, and the specific volume of the coal is 1.07m 3 Calculated by/t (cubic meters per ton), the railway hopper car can increase the carrying capacity by more than 8 tons.
While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, it is intended that the present application also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (11)
1. A side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism, characterized in that: the driving mechanism comprises a driving shaft and a driving link mechanism, wherein the driving link mechanism comprises an eccentric self-locking link mechanism and two follow-up link mechanisms, the first end of the eccentric self-locking link mechanism is fixedly connected with the driving shaft, the second ends of the eccentric self-locking link mechanisms are respectively hinged with the first ends of the two follow-up link mechanisms, and the second ends of the two follow-up link mechanisms are respectively hinged with the first ends of two door plates of the opposite-opening door, so that when the driving shaft rotates, the eccentric self-locking link mechanism moves along the axial direction of the driving shaft and drives the opposite-opening door to open or close through the follow-up link mechanisms;
the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism comprises a shaft sleeve, a swinging block, a crank throw and a cross beam, wherein the shaft sleeve, the swinging block and the crank throw are sequentially hinged, a rotating shaft of a hinging point is parallel to the driving shaft, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the driving shaft, an eccentric groove is formed in the side part of the crank throw, the shape of the eccentric groove is matched with the section shape of the shaft sleeve, and the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is driven by the driving shaft to rotate and shrink to a state that the shaft sleeve is clamped in the eccentric groove or rotate and expand to a state that the shaft sleeve is separated from the eccentric groove; the beam is fixedly arranged at the free end of the crank, both ends of the beam extend out of the crank, the first ends of the two follow-up link mechanisms are respectively hinged with both ends of the beam, and the rotating shaft of the hinge point is perpendicular to the driving shaft;
or the driving connecting rod mechanism comprises two eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanisms and two follow-up connecting rod mechanisms, the first ends of the two eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanisms are fixedly connected with the driving shaft, the second ends of the two eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanisms are respectively hinged with the first ends of the two follow-up connecting rod mechanisms, and the second ends of the two follow-up connecting rod mechanisms are respectively hinged with the first ends of two door plates of the opposite door;
the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism comprises a shaft sleeve, a swinging block and a crank, wherein the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the driving shaft, the shaft sleeve, the swinging block and the crank are sequentially hinged, and the rotating shaft of a hinge point is parallel to the driving shaft; the free end of the crank is hinged with the first end of the follow-up link mechanism, and the rotating shaft of the hinge point is perpendicular to the driving shaft; the side part of the crank is provided with an eccentric groove, the shape of the eccentric groove is matched with the cross section shape of the shaft sleeve, so that the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is driven by the driving shaft to rotate and shrink to a state that the shaft sleeve is clamped into the eccentric groove or rotate and expand to a state that the shaft sleeve is separated from the eccentric groove.
2. The side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: the driving shaft is provided with a prismatic section; the shaft sleeve is a prismatic sleeve, and is sleeved on the prismatic section; the eccentric groove is a prismatic groove.
3. The side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: the follow-up connecting rod mechanism comprises a connecting rod component and a connecting ring, wherein the first end of the connecting rod component is hinged with the second end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism, the rotating shaft of a hinge point is perpendicular to the driving shaft, the second end of the connecting rod component is provided with a hanging ring, and the connecting ring is sleeved on the hanging ring and is used for being hinged with the door plate.
4. A side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the connecting rod component comprises a connecting rod and an adjusting rod, a first end of the connecting rod is hinged with a second end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism, a second end of the connecting rod is in threaded connection with the first end of the adjusting rod, and the hanging ring is arranged at the second end of the adjusting rod.
5. A side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism further comprises a driven shaft, a driven connecting rod mechanism and a transmission mechanism, wherein: the driven shaft is spaced from the driving shaft and arranged in parallel, and the transmission mechanism is respectively connected with the driven shaft and the driving shaft so that the driven shaft synchronously rotates along with the driving shaft; the structure of the driven connecting rod mechanism is the same as that of the driving connecting rod mechanism, the driven connecting rod mechanism also comprises an eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism and a follow-up connecting rod mechanism, a first end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is fixedly connected with the driven shaft, a second end of the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism is hinged with a first end of the follow-up connecting rod mechanism, and a second end of the follow-up connecting rod mechanism is respectively hinged with second ends of two door plates of the opposite-opening door so that when the driving shaft and the driven shaft rotate, the eccentric self-locking connecting rod mechanism moves along the axial direction of the driving shaft and drives the opposite-opening door to open or close through the follow-up connecting rod mechanism.
6. The side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 5, wherein: the driven connecting rod mechanism and the driving connecting rod mechanism are symmetrically arranged by taking the central axis of the split door, which is parallel to the axial direction of the driving shaft or the driven shaft, as a symmetrical axis.
7. The side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 6, wherein: the transmission mechanism is a chain transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a transmission chain, the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are respectively and fixedly installed on the driving shaft and the driven shaft, and the transmission chain is sleeved on the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket in a posture of being twisted by 180 degrees so as to transmit torque.
8. The side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 5, wherein: the driven connecting rod mechanism and the driving connecting rod mechanism are identical in structure and installation direction.
9. The side-by-side combination door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 8, wherein: the transmission mechanism is a chain transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a transmission chain, the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are respectively and fixedly installed on the driving shaft and the driven shaft, and the transmission chain is sleeved on the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket so as to transmit torque.
10. The utility model provides a bottom door switching constitutes which characterized in that: the side-by-side combination type door comprises a side-by-side combination type door and a side-by-side door opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the side-by-side type door comprises a first door and a second door which are symmetrically arranged along a first direction, the outer side edge of the first door and the outer side edge of the second door are both hinged edges, and the inner side edge of the first door and the inner side edge of the second door are oppositely arranged; the driving shaft of the side-by-side door opening and closing mechanism is arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and is positioned at the end part of the side-by-side door, two follow-up link mechanisms are arranged in the side-by-side door opening and closing mechanism, and the two follow-up link mechanisms are hinged with the inner side edges of the first bottom door and the second bottom door respectively.
11. The utility model provides a railway hopper car which characterized in that: comprising the bottom door opening and closing composition of claim 10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110870523.1A CN113501014B (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2021-07-30 | Side-by-side combination of door opening and closing mechanism and bottom door opening and closing assembly and railway hopper car |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110870523.1A CN113501014B (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2021-07-30 | Side-by-side combination of door opening and closing mechanism and bottom door opening and closing assembly and railway hopper car |
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| CN113501014A CN113501014A (en) | 2021-10-15 |
| CN113501014B true CN113501014B (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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| CN201530385U (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2010-07-21 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Two-stage self-locking bottom door opening-closing mechanism for railroad hopper wagon |
| CN103085823A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-08 | 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Bottom door handling mechanism, bottom door device and bottom-door hopper car |
| CN103538592A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-01-29 | 南车石家庄车辆有限公司 | Limiting device for controlling railway hopper car bottom door opening angle |
| CN106627609A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-05-10 | 晋西铁路车辆有限责任公司 | Double-locking hopper car with bottom door |
| WO2021128848A1 (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-07-01 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | Locking device and hopper car |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8915193B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-12-23 | National Steel Car Limited | Railroad car and door mechanism therefor |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201530385U (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2010-07-21 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Two-stage self-locking bottom door opening-closing mechanism for railroad hopper wagon |
| CN103085823A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-08 | 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Bottom door handling mechanism, bottom door device and bottom-door hopper car |
| CN103538592A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-01-29 | 南车石家庄车辆有限公司 | Limiting device for controlling railway hopper car bottom door opening angle |
| CN106627609A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-05-10 | 晋西铁路车辆有限责任公司 | Double-locking hopper car with bottom door |
| WO2021128848A1 (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-07-01 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | Locking device and hopper car |
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| CN113501014A (en) | 2021-10-15 |
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