CN113492198A - Core and mold - Google Patents
Core and mold Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113492198A CN113492198A CN202010268414.8A CN202010268414A CN113492198A CN 113492198 A CN113492198 A CN 113492198A CN 202010268414 A CN202010268414 A CN 202010268414A CN 113492198 A CN113492198 A CN 113492198A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- casting
- inlet pipe
- water inlet
- cooling
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a core and a mold for casting a casting, each of which has a cooling passage provided in the mold and cools the casting by water flow in the cooling passage, wherein a water inlet pipe is provided in the cooling passage, the water flow is injected into the cooling passage through the water inlet pipe to a position opposed to a hot spot on the casting, and a cross-sectional area of an outlet portion of the water inlet pipe is gradually reduced in an injection direction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a core and a mold.
Background
In the casting field where a core or a mold is used to cast a casting, a hot spot is often generated in a local portion of the casting due to the complexity of the structure of the casting, and in order to cool the hot spot, for example, as described in patent document 1, a high-pressure water cooling method is used in which a cooling passage is provided in the mold or the core, and the hot spot is cooled with water flow through the core or the mold.
Documents of the prior art
Patent documents:
patent document 1: CN203236682U
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
A cooling structure based on a cooling channel in the prior art is shown in fig. 1 (a), for example, a top end of a core 101 is in contact with a vicinity of a hot node of a casting not shown, a hollow cooling channel 102 is opened inside the core 101, a water inlet pipe 103 is provided in the cooling channel 102, and a flow of water for cooling enters the cooling channel 102 through the water inlet pipe 103 in a direction of an arrow in the drawing and is jetted toward a top end direction of the core 101, and then flows back downward. The water flow thus cools the cooling passage 102 and the vicinity of the hot spot of the casting along the inner wall of the cooling passage 102.
The cooling effect of the water flow can be represented by (b) of fig. 1, in which the horizontal axis is the flow velocity of the water flow and the vertical axis is the heat transfer coefficient between the inner wall of the core and the water flow. It can be seen that, in a certain range, the larger the flow velocity of the water flow, the higher the heat transfer coefficient, and the better the cooling effect.
With the configuration shown in fig. 1 (a), the water flow velocity at each position in the cooling passage 102 is simulated by computer software, and as shown in fig. 1 (c), it can be seen that the water flow velocity at each position is substantially the same, and the cooling is substantially uniform. Thus, the local cooling effect on the hot spot (near the tip of the cooling passage 102) cannot be enhanced. This is particularly important because, if the hot spot of the casting is uniformly cooled together with other parts, the parts other than the hot spot are cooled and solidified prior to the hot spot, so that the hot spot cannot be fed, which causes the occurrence of shrinkage cavities in the casting and lowers the casting yield.
On the other hand, in order to supply a sufficiently high-pressure water flow to the tip end side of the cooling passage 102, a large amount of energy is consumed. How to reduce the energy consumption of the pressurizing side is also a problem to be solved.
Technical means for solving the technical problem
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a mold for casting a casting, which has a cooling passage provided in the mold, and cools the casting by water flow in the cooling passage, wherein a water inlet pipe is provided in the cooling passage, the water flow is injected into the cooling passage through the water inlet pipe to a position opposed to a hot spot on the casting, and a cross-sectional area of an outlet portion of the water inlet pipe is gradually reduced in an injection direction.
Therefore, the cooling effect near the hot node can be enhanced, other parts in the cooling channel cannot be cooled excessively, and point-to-point cooling is really realized, so that the production of shrinkage cavities on the casting is avoided, and the yield of the casting is improved.
The mold may be configured such that: the ratio of the pipe diameter of the tail end of the outlet part of the water inlet pipe to the pipe diameter of the part of the water inlet pipe with the unreduced cross-sectional area is more than 1/2 and less than 1.
Therefore, the improvement of the cooling effect and the saving of energy consumption can be both considered.
The mold may be configured such that: the inclination angle of the pipe wall of the outlet part of the water inlet pipe relative to a plane vertical to the spraying direction is 0-60 degrees.
Therefore, the flow resistance can be reduced at the same pressure of the water inlet end, and the manufacturing cost is balanced.
The present invention also provides a core for casting a casting, having a cooling passage provided in the core, the casting being cooled by a water flow in the cooling passage, characterized in that a water inlet pipe is provided in the cooling passage, the water flow being injected into the cooling passage via the water inlet pipe to a position opposed to a thermal node on the casting, and a cross-sectional area of an outlet portion of the water inlet pipe is gradually reduced along an injection direction.
Therefore, the cooling effect near the hot node can be enhanced, other parts in the cooling channel cannot be cooled excessively, and point-to-point cooling is really realized, so that the production of shrinkage cavities on the casting is avoided, and the yield of the casting is improved.
The core may be configured such that: the ratio of the pipe diameter of the tail end of the outlet part of the water inlet pipe to the pipe diameter of the part of the water inlet pipe with the unreduced cross-sectional area is more than 1/2 and less than 1.
Therefore, the improvement of the cooling effect and the saving of energy consumption can be both considered.
The core may be configured such that: the inclination angle of the pipe wall of the outlet part of the water inlet pipe relative to a plane vertical to the spraying direction is 0-60 degrees.
Therefore, the flow resistance can be reduced at the same pressure of the water inlet end, and the manufacturing cost is balanced.
Effects of the invention
According to the invention, the cooling effect on the hot node can be enhanced without excessively cooling other parts, and point-to-point cooling is really realized, thereby avoiding the generation of shrinkage cavities on the casting and improving the yield of the casting. And a higher flow rate can be obtained near the hot node under the condition of constant input pressure, so that the cooling speed is increased and the energy consumption is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 (a) shows a cooling structure based on a cooling passage in the related art, (b) shows a relationship between a heat transfer coefficient between the core inner wall and the water flow and a water flow velocity, and (c) shows water flow velocities at various positions within the cooling passage 102 simulated using computer software.
Fig. 2 shows the internal structure of the core 201 of the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 shows the simulation results of the water flow velocity at each position in the cooling passage 202 in the present embodiment.
Fig. 4 shows an enlarged schematic view of the exit point a in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 (a) shows a schematic representation of the outer shape of inlet pipe 203 in a first extreme case where L1/L2 is 1/2 and inclination angle α is 0, and fig. 5 (b) shows a schematic representation of the outer shape of inlet pipe 203 in a second extreme case where L1/L2 is 1/2 and inclination angle α is as close to 90 ° as possible.
Detailed Description
Fig. 2 shows a cooling structure based on a cooling passage according to the present embodiment, in which a core 201 is used to cast a casting, the top end of the core 201 is in contact with the vicinity of a hot node of the casting, which is not shown, and a hollow cooling passage 202 is opened inside the core 201, and the casting is cooled by water flow in the cooling passage 202. An inlet pipe 203 is provided in the cooling passage 202, and a flow of water for cooling is introduced into the cooling passage 202 through the inlet pipe 203 in the direction of the arrow in the drawing and is jetted toward a position (the top end of the cooling passage 202 in fig. 2) opposite to a thermal node on the casting in the cooling passage 202, whereby the flow of water cools the cooling passage 202 and the vicinity of the thermal node by heat transfer while flowing in the cooling passage 202.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the present embodiment is different from the prior art in that the cross-sectional area of the outlet portion (indicated by a in the drawing) of the inlet pipe 203 is gradually reduced along the injection direction. Thus, at the outlet portion a of the inlet pipe 203, the flow velocity of the water flow is gradually increased in the process of flowing along the spraying direction, so that the cooling effect near the top end of the cooling channel 203 opposite to the flow velocity is enhanced, and the cooling effect on the heat node is improved.
Fig. 3 shows the result of simulation of the water flow velocity at various positions in the cooling channel 202 in the present embodiment by using computer software, and it can be seen that, at the outlet portion a of the inlet pipe 203, the water flow velocity increases along the spraying direction and reaches the maximum at the water outlet end, and the flow velocity at the outlet portion a is significantly higher than that at other positions in the cooling channel 202, and the water flow velocity at other positions is basically the same.
As can be seen from fig. 1 (b), the cooling effect is better as the heat transfer coefficient is higher as the flow rate is higher. Therefore, the core 201 adopting the cooling structure described above enhances the cooling effect to the vicinity of the hot node without excessively cooling other portions in the cooling passage 203, and truly realizes point-to-point cooling.
Because the cooling effect of the hot node relative to other parts of the casting can be improved, other parts are not cooled and solidified before the hot node, so that the hot node can be fed, shrinkage cavities on the casting are avoided, and the yield of the casting is improved. According to simulation calculation of computer software, the improvement of the cooling structure can improve the casting yield from 85% to 99.8% without considering other defect factors.
On the other hand, fig. 4 shows an enlarged schematic view of the exit point a in fig. 2. The cross-section of the outlet portion a is trapezoidal in a plane including the ejection direction. The pipe diameter at the end of the outlet portion A, i.e., the size of the upper base of the trapezoid, is L1, the pipe diameter at the portion of the inlet pipe 203 where the cross-sectional area is not reduced, i.e., the size of the lower base of the trapezoid, is L2, and the angle of inclination of the pipe wall, i.e., the waist of the trapezoid, with respect to a plane perpendicular to the ejection direction (vertical direction in the drawing) is α.
Although the sizes of L1, L2 and α are not specifically limited, the flow rate of the water flow at the end of the outlet portion a, i.e., L1, depends on the flow rate at L2 and the ratio of L1/L2, and if L1/L2 is too large, the increase of the flow rate at L1 is insufficient, which results in poor relative cooling effect of the hot junction. If L1/L2 is too small, the flow resistance will be increased, and under the condition of obtaining the same flow rate of the water outlet end, the water inlet end needs more pressure, which is not beneficial to saving energy consumption, and in addition, according to (b) of fig. 1, when the flow rate is increased to a certain range, the cooling effect will not be increased, so that the L1/L2 is not smaller as well. In order to achieve both the improvement of the cooling effect and the saving of energy consumption, L1/L2 may preferably have a value of 1/2 or more and less than 1, depending on the actual test results.
With respect to the inclination angle α, fig. 5 (a) shows a schematic view of the outer shape of the inlet pipe 203 in a first extreme case where L1/L2 is 1/2 and the inclination angle α is 0 °, and fig. 5 (b) shows a schematic view of the outer shape of the inlet pipe 203 in a second extreme case where L1/L2 is 1/2 and the inclination angle α is as close to 90 °. The increase of the flow rate at the outlet of the inlet pipe 203 can be achieved in both extreme cases, but the first extreme case causes a larger flow resistance, and the inlet end requires a larger pressure to obtain the same flow rate at the outlet end, which is not beneficial to saving energy. The second extreme case may cause difficulty in manufacturing the inlet pipe 203 and increase the manufacturing cost.
Therefore, in order to reduce the flow resistance at the same water inlet end pressure while balancing the manufacturing cost, the inclination angle α should not be too large or too small. According to actual test results, the inclination angle α may be between 0 ° and 60 °, for example, may be 0 °, 45 °, 60 °, and the like.
In the above embodiment, the core for casting a casting is taken as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the cooling passage and the water inlet pipe described above may be provided in the mold for casting a casting.
Further, in the above embodiment, the tip of the core or the mold is in contact with the vicinity of the hot node of the casting, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is also possible that another portion of the core or the mold is in contact with the vicinity of the hot node of the casting, and a relatively strong cooling effect in the vicinity of the hot node can be secured by making the outlet portion of the water inlet pipe opposed to the hot node on the casting, that is, by injecting water from the water inlet pipe to a position in the cooling passage opposed to the hot node on the casting.
In the above embodiment, the cross section of the outlet portion a shown in fig. 4 is trapezoidal, that is, the pipe diameter of the inlet pipe is linearly reduced, but the reduction method is not limited thereto, and a relatively strong cooling effect in the vicinity of the thermal node can be ensured by gradually reducing the cross section area of the outlet portion a in the jet direction. For example, the pipe diameter of the water inlet pipe may be reduced nonlinearly, and in this case, the cross section of the outlet portion a in a plane including the jetting direction is not a trapezoid, but a shape obtained by replacing the two waists of the trapezoid with a curve.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not necessarily limited to the embodiments having all the configurations described above, and that the embodiments may be combined with each other or a part of the configuration of one embodiment may be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, the configuration of another embodiment may be added to the configuration of one embodiment, and addition, deletion, or replacement of another configuration may be performed to a part of the configuration of each embodiment, within a range not departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A mold for casting a casting having a cooling passage provided in the mold, the casting being cooled by a flow of water in the cooling passage, the mold being characterized in that,
a water inlet pipe is arranged in the cooling channel, the water flow is sprayed to the position, opposite to the hot node on the casting, in the cooling channel through the water inlet pipe,
the cross-sectional area of the outlet part of the water inlet pipe is gradually reduced along the spraying direction.
2. The mold according to claim 1,
the ratio of the pipe diameter of the tail end of the outlet part of the water inlet pipe to the pipe diameter of the part of the water inlet pipe with the unreduced cross-sectional area is more than 1/2 and less than 1.
3. The mold according to claim 1 or 2,
the inclination angle of the pipe wall of the outlet part of the water inlet pipe relative to a plane vertical to the spraying direction is 0-60 degrees.
4. A core for casting a casting having a cooling passage provided in the core, the casting being cooled by a flow of water in the cooling passage, the core being characterized in that,
a water inlet pipe is arranged in the cooling channel, the water flow is sprayed to the position, opposite to the hot node on the casting, in the cooling channel through the water inlet pipe,
the cross-sectional area of the outlet part of the water inlet pipe is gradually reduced along the spraying direction.
5. The core according to claim 4,
the ratio of the pipe diameter of the tail end of the outlet part of the water inlet pipe to the pipe diameter of the part of the water inlet pipe with the unreduced cross-sectional area is more than 1/2 and less than 1.
6. The core according to claim 4 or 5,
the inclination angle of the pipe wall of the outlet part of the water inlet pipe relative to a plane vertical to the spraying direction is 0-60 degrees.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010268414.8A CN113492198A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Core and mold |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010268414.8A CN113492198A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Core and mold |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113492198A true CN113492198A (en) | 2021-10-12 |
Family
ID=77995664
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010268414.8A Pending CN113492198A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Core and mold |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113492198A (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-04-08 CN CN202010268414.8A patent/CN113492198A/en active Pending
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20211012 |