CN113492147B - Recycling treatment process for fly ash in waste incineration plant - Google Patents

Recycling treatment process for fly ash in waste incineration plant Download PDF

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CN113492147B
CN113492147B CN202110745360.4A CN202110745360A CN113492147B CN 113492147 B CN113492147 B CN 113492147B CN 202110745360 A CN202110745360 A CN 202110745360A CN 113492147 B CN113492147 B CN 113492147B
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washing
incineration plant
fly ash
primary
waste incineration
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CN113492147A (en
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许淑怡
方艺民
陈俊祥
胡根福
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Xiamen Jiarong Technology Co Ltd
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Xiamen Jiarong Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless

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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a process for treating flying ash in a waste incineration plant into resources, which utilizes the garbage percolate in the waste incineration plant to carry out primary washing, secondary washing and dehydration on the flying ash, effectively removes soluble chlorine in the flying ash, separates out heavy metal and inorganic salt and recovers the heavy metal and the inorganic salt to obtain secondary flying ash; and (3) acid-washing and dehydrating the secondary flying ash slag, effectively removing non-soluble chlorine in the flying ash slag, and enabling the obtained dehydrated filter cake to enter a landfill leachate treatment system to be used as a curing agent. The invention realizes the effective removal of soluble chlorine and non-soluble chlorine in the fly ash, realizes the self-absorption and utilization of the fly ash in the waste incineration plant by skillfully combining and applying the existing waste leachate treatment system in the waste incineration plant, does not need to be transported externally, can use the obtained dehydration filter cake as a curing agent of a fixed process in the waste leachate treatment system, further treats the primary pressure filtrate to recover heavy metal and inorganic salt, and finally realizes the resource treatment and utilization of the fly ash.

Description

Recycling treatment process for fly ash in waste incineration plant
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste incineration fly ash treatment, in particular to a process for recycling fly ash in a waste incineration plant.
Background
The fly ash is a powder substance which is collected in a flue gas pipeline, a separator, a dust remover and the like in the waste incineration process and has light volume weight and fine particle size, and a large amount of heavy metals, high-concentration dioxin and other organic carcinogens are enriched in the fly ash.
At present, the fly ash is mainly subjected to landfill and high-temperature stabilization treatment after cement solidification or medicament solidification, heavy metals in the fly ash can be solidified at high temperature and harmful substances such as dioxin can be removed by a cement kiln cooperative treatment technology, and the slag can be used as materials such as cement and buildings to effectively realize resource treatment of wastes. However, the fly ash has high content of chloride salt, the mass fraction can reach about 6-10%, when the fly ash is used as a substitute cement material, the quality and the use effect of the cement can be influenced, and the existing fly ash treatment mode has poor chlorine removal effect, particularly non-soluble chlorine, and the proportion of the chlorine in the fly ash as a cement raw material is greatly limited. In addition, most of the main treatment modes of the current waste incineration plants for fly ash are outward transportation of hazardous waste landfill disposal or resource utilization after disposal, so that the operation is troublesome and the treatment cost is high.
In view of the above, the present inventors have invented a process for recycling fly ash in a waste incineration plant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process for recycling fly ash in a waste incineration plant, which realizes the self-absorption and utilization of the fly ash in the waste incineration plant and finally realizes the recycling of the fly ash.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a process for reclaiming the fly ash in garbage incinerator includes such steps as
S1: performing primary washing on the fly ash by using landfill leachate in a refuse incineration plant to obtain primary washing slurry;
s2: carrying out primary filter pressing dehydration on the primary washing slurry to obtain primary fly ash and primary filter pressing liquid containing inorganic salt and heavy metal ions, wherein the primary filter pressing liquid recovers heavy metal and inorganic salt and then enters a garbage percolate treatment system in a garbage incineration plant for treatment;
s3: performing secondary washing on the primary flying ash slag by using garbage percolate in a garbage incineration plant to obtain secondary washing slurry;
s4: carrying out secondary filter pressing dehydration on the secondary washing slurry to obtain secondary flying ash and secondary filter pressing liquid, wherein the secondary filter pressing liquid is recycled as washing liquid for primary washing;
s5: acid washing is carried out on the secondary flying ash slag by utilizing an acid solution to obtain acid washing slurry;
s6: and (3) carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the acid washing slurry for three times to obtain a dehydrated filter cake and a removed liquid, wherein the dehydrated filter cake enters a curing device in a garbage leachate treatment system in the garbage incineration plant to be used as a curing agent, and the removed liquid enters the garbage leachate treatment system in the garbage incineration plant to be treated.
Further, in the step S1, the washing time of the primary washing is 1-3h, and the liquid-solid ratio of the primary washing slurry is 4-6ml/g.
Further, in the step S3, the washing time of the secondary washing is 0.5-2h, and the liquid-solid ratio of the secondary washing slurry is 2-4ml/g.
Further, the total liquid-solid ratio of the primary washing slurry to the secondary washing slurry was 8ml/g.
Further, in the step S5, the washing time of the acid washing is 0.5-1h, the pH of the acid washing slurry is 2-4, and the liquid-solid ratio of the acid washing slurry is 8ml/g.
Further, in step S5, the acidic solution is a sulfuric acid solution.
Further, in step S6, the water content of the dewatered cake is less than 30%.
Further, in step S6, the mass fraction of chlorine in the dewatered cake is 0.1 to 0.2%.
Further, a plate-and-frame filter press is adopted in the dehydration processes of primary filter-pressing dehydration, secondary filter-pressing dehydration and tertiary filter-pressing dehydration.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the treatment process for recycling the fly ash in the waste incineration plant effectively removes soluble chlorine and non-soluble chlorine in the fly ash by sequentially carrying out primary washing, secondary washing and acid washing on the fly ash;
2. the treatment process for recycling the fly ash in the waste incineration plant utilizes the existing landfill leachate in the plant as flushing fluid, fully utilizes the existing resources in the plant, can effectively reduce the water consumption in the plant and the use amount of acid in the acid washing process, thereby reducing the treatment cost, and meanwhile, the fly ash can adsorb partial organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the landfill leachate, thereby being beneficial to the subsequent treatment of the leachate;
3. the invention relates to a process for treating fly ash in a waste incineration plant into resources, which realizes the self-absorption and utilization of the fly ash in the waste incineration plant by skillfully combining and applying the existing waste leachate treatment system in the waste incineration plant, the fly ash does not need to be transported outside, the obtained dehydrated filter cake can be used as a curing agent of a fixed process in the waste leachate treatment system, the primary pressure filtrate is further treated to recover heavy metals and inorganic salts, and finally the resource treatment and utilization of the fly ash are realized.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
Examples
The invention discloses a process for treating fly ash in a waste incineration plant into resources, which realizes the self-absorption and utilization of the fly ash in the waste incineration plant by skillfully combining and applying the existing waste leachate treatment system in the waste incineration plant, does not need to be transported outside, and finally realizes the resource treatment and utilization of the fly ash. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: and (3) carrying out primary washing on the fly ash by utilizing the landfill leachate in the refuse incineration plant to obtain primary washing slurry, wherein the washing time of the primary washing is 1h, and the liquid-solid ratio of the primary washing slurry is 4ml/g.
Wherein, according to the actual situation, the washing time of the first washing can be 1-3h, and the liquid-solid ratio of the first washing slurry can be 4-6ml/g.
S2: and (3) carrying out primary filter pressing dehydration on the primary washing slurry to obtain primary fly ash and primary filter pressing liquid containing inorganic salt and heavy metal ions, wherein the primary filter pressing liquid is treated in a garbage leachate treatment system in a garbage incineration plant after heavy metal and inorganic salt are recovered.
S3: and (3) carrying out secondary washing on the primary flying ash residues by utilizing landfill leachate in a refuse incineration plant to obtain secondary washing slurry, wherein the washing time of the secondary washing is 1h, and the liquid-solid ratio of the secondary washing slurry is 4ml/g.
Wherein, according to the actual situation, the washing time of the secondary washing can be 0.5-2h, the liquid-solid ratio of the secondary washing slurry can be 2-4ml/g, and the total liquid-solid ratio of the primary washing slurry to the secondary washing slurry is 8ml/g.
S4: and (3) carrying out secondary filter pressing dehydration on the secondary washing slurry to obtain secondary flying ash and secondary filter pressing liquid, wherein the secondary filter pressing liquid is recycled as the washing liquid for the primary washing.
S5: and (3) carrying out acid washing on the secondary flying ash slag by using an acid solution to obtain acid washing slurry, wherein the acid solution is a sulfuric acid solution, the washing time of the acid washing is 1h, the liquid-solid ratio of the acid washing slurry is 8ml/g, and the pH value of the acid washing slurry is 3.
Wherein, according to the actual situation, the washing time of the acid washing can be 0.5-1h, and the pH value of the acid washing slurry can be 2-4.
S6: and (2) carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the acid washing slurry for three times to obtain a dehydrated filter cake and a dehydrated liquid, wherein the water content of the dehydrated filter cake is less than 30%, the mass fraction of chlorine in the dehydrated filter cake is 0.1-0.2%, the dehydrated filter cake enters a curing device in a garbage leachate treatment system in the garbage incineration plant to replace part of cement curing agent to be used as curing agent, and the dehydrated liquid enters the garbage leachate treatment system in the garbage incineration plant to be treated.
In this embodiment, the plate and frame filter press is used for the primary filter-press dehydration, the secondary filter-press dehydration and the tertiary filter-press dehydration.
The fly ash is treated by adopting the recycling treatment process, and the garbage percolate in the garbage incineration plant is used as a washing liquid for primary washing and secondary washing, so that on one hand, the existing resources in the garbage incineration plant are fully utilized, and the garbage percolate is used for replacing water, so that the using amount of water in the plant can be effectively reduced, and the cost is reduced; on the other hand, the fly ash has large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity, can adsorb partial organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the landfill leachate, thereby being beneficial to the subsequent treatment of the landfill leachate, and in addition, the fly ash is calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 ) Calcium ions in the fly ash and sulfate radicals in the landfill leachate form solid-phase calcium sulfate after deacidification of the flue gas, and are finally combined into a dehydration filter cake to increase the quality of the dehydration filter cake, and a part of cement curing agent is replaced in a curing device in a landfill leachate treatment system in a refuse incineration plant, so that the cement curing in the landfill leachate treatment system in the plant can be reducedThe dosage of the agent is used, thereby saving the treatment cost.
The primary pressure filtrate contains a large amount of inorganic salt and heavy metal ions, so that the primary pressure filtrate is recycled to enter a garbage leachate treatment system in a garbage incineration plant for treatment after heavy metals (Zn (zinc), cu (copper), pb (lead)) and inorganic salts (sodium chloride and potassium chloride) are recovered, so that the resource utilization of the primary pressure filtrate is realized, the secondary pressure filtrate contains less heavy metal and inorganic salt, and the secondary pressure filtrate directly flows back to be used as washing liquid for primary washing, so that the cyclic utilization of the secondary pressure filtrate is realized.
Soluble chlorine (CaClOH) and CaCl in the fly ash by performing primary washing and secondary washing on the fly ash 2 ·2H 2 The removal rate of O (calcium chloride), KCl (potassium chloride) and NaCl (sodium chloride)) reaches 98 percent or above, and the effective removal of soluble chlorine is realized.
In the step S5, dilute sulfuric acid is added to adjust the pH of the acid-washing slurry to 2-4, and since the pH of the landfill leachate of the refuse incineration plant is 4.5-7.0, the fly ash is subjected to primary washing and secondary washing by utilizing the landfill leachate, the pH is effectively adjusted to the required acid amount in the acid-washing step, and the treatment cost is reduced.
After the second fly ash is washed with acid, the second fly ash passes through non-soluble chlorine chloride (AlOCl (aluminum oxychloride) and Ca) 10 (Si 2 O 7 ) 2 (SiO 4 )Cl 2 (OH) 2 (calcium silicate chloride combination)) reacts with strong acid, and is converted into soluble chlorine which is dissolved in solution, so that the non-soluble chlorine in the fly ash is effectively removed, the mass fraction of the chlorine in the final dehydrated filter cake is reduced to 0.1-0.2%, on the other hand, calcium ions in the fly ash can form solid-phase calcium sulfate and are finally combined into the dehydrated filter cake to increase the mass of the dehydrated filter cake, and in a curing device in a landfill leachate treatment system in a refuse incineration plant, the solid-phase calcium sulfate is used for replacing part of cement curing agent, so that the using amount of cement curing agent in the landfill leachate treatment system in the plant can be reduced, and the treatment cost is saved.
The dehydrated filter cake enters a curing device in a landfill leachate treatment system in a refuse incineration plant to replace part of cement curing agent for use, so that the using amount of the curing agent in the landfill leachate treatment system can be reduced, the treatment cost is reduced, and the discharged liquid enters the landfill leachate treatment system in the refuse incineration plant for treatment. The landfill leachate treatment system comprises a biochemical system, a membrane concentrated solution treatment system or an evaporation system, and the membrane concentrated solution or evaporation mother liquor is usually treated by adopting a curing process by adopting a curing device.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A process for treating fly ash in a waste incineration plant as a resource is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps
S1: performing primary washing on the fly ash by using landfill leachate in a refuse incineration plant to obtain primary washing slurry;
s2: carrying out primary filter pressing dehydration on the primary washing slurry to obtain primary fly ash and primary filter pressing liquid containing inorganic salt and heavy metal ions, wherein the primary filter pressing liquid recovers heavy metal and inorganic salt and then enters a garbage percolate treatment system in a garbage incineration plant for treatment;
s3: performing secondary washing on the primary flying ash slag by using garbage percolate in a garbage incineration plant to obtain secondary washing slurry;
s4: carrying out secondary filter pressing dehydration on the secondary washing slurry to obtain secondary flying ash and secondary filter pressing liquid, wherein the secondary filter pressing liquid is recycled as washing liquid for primary washing;
s5: acid washing is carried out on the secondary flying ash slag by utilizing an acid solution to obtain acid washing slurry;
s6: and (3) carrying out filter pressing dehydration on the acid washing slurry for three times to obtain a dehydrated filter cake and a dehydrated liquid, wherein the dehydrated filter cake enters a curing device in a garbage leachate treatment system in the garbage incineration plant to be used as a curing agent, and the dehydrated liquid enters the garbage leachate treatment system in the garbage incineration plant to be treated.
2. The process of claim 1 for recycling fly ash from a waste incineration plant, wherein: in the step S1, the washing time of the primary washing is 1-3h, and the liquid-solid ratio of the primary washing slurry is 4-6ml/g.
3. The process of claim 1 for recycling fly ash from a waste incineration plant, wherein: in the step S3, the washing time of the secondary washing is 0.5-2h, and the liquid-solid ratio of the secondary washing slurry is 2-4ml/g.
4. The process of claim 1 for recycling fly ash from a waste incineration plant, wherein: in the step S5, the washing time of the acid washing is 0.5-1h, the pH of the acid washing slurry is 2-4, and the liquid-solid ratio of the acid washing slurry is 8ml/g.
5. The process of claim 1 for recycling fly ash from a waste incineration plant, wherein: in step S5, the acidic solution is a sulfuric acid solution.
6. The process of claim 1 for recycling fly ash from a waste incineration plant, wherein: in step S6, the water content of the dehydrated filter cake is less than 30%.
7. The process of claim 1, wherein the fly ash in the waste incineration plant is treated as a resource, and the process comprises the following steps: in the step S6, the mass fraction of chlorine in the dehydrated filter cake is 0.1-0.2%.
8. The process of claim 1 for recycling fly ash from a waste incineration plant, wherein: the plate-and-frame filter press is adopted in the dehydration processes of primary filter pressing dehydration, secondary filter pressing dehydration and tertiary filter pressing dehydration.
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CN114789187A (en) * 2022-04-27 2022-07-26 江山市虎鼎环保科技有限公司 Landfill solidified fly ash washing system and method
CN115141002B (en) * 2022-06-08 2023-07-18 上海大学 Method for fixing chlorine in fly ash generated by incineration of household garbage
CN115155279B (en) * 2022-06-30 2024-04-05 张婷婷 Flue gas deacidification coupling fly ash treatment method
CN115213207A (en) * 2022-07-07 2022-10-21 中泰莱(江苏)环境有限公司 Utilization method for harmless treatment of fly ash

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CN105080320A (en) * 2014-05-13 2015-11-25 闵建华 Pickling pretreatment method of house refuse burning fly ash
CN107477597B (en) * 2017-08-15 2018-08-10 重庆盎瑞悦科技有限公司 A kind of method that incineration of refuse flyash stablizes harmless treatment
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