CN113492027A

CN113492027A - Vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113492027A
Application number: CN202010264944.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴玉彬; 张国铁; 迟光武; 王雷
Original assignee: Harbin Kedewei Metallurgy Co ltd
Current assignee: Harbin Kedewei Metallurgy Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-07
Filing date: 2020-04-07
Publication date: 2021-10-12
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-07
Also published as: CN113492027B

Abstract

The invention provides a vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing device, wherein a sliding block is arranged at the front end of a main oil cylinder below an upper beam of a frame of the device, the sliding block slides along a guide post, a pressure head is arranged below the sliding block, a safety gate is respectively arranged on frame walls on the front surface and the rear surface of the frame, a rail is arranged on the upper plane of the frame body, a feeding trolley is driven by a driving device to move back and forth along the rail, positioning swing arms are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the frame body, a positioning oil cylinder is arranged on one of the positioning swing arms, the tail part of the positioning oil cylinder is fixed on the frame body, and an inserting claw is arranged at the front end of the feeding trolley through a lifting oil cylinder. The vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment is safe, reliable, free of environmental pollution, large and continuous in output, easy to automatically control, capable of automatically realizing overload protection, high in working efficiency, low in labor intensity and suitable for mass production.

Description

Vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment

Technical Field

The invention particularly relates to a vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing device, and belongs to the technical field of waste iron casting crushing devices.

Background

In the production process of a foundry every year, a certain amount of waste products are generated due to various reasons, the waste products cannot be directly discarded to cause waste, and the waste products need to be treated as scrap returns melted into cast iron base iron after being crushed. However, most of cast iron pieces are larger than the limit of the electric furnace in volume and weight, and the integral melting of the cast iron pieces is very high in energy consumption and extremely low in safety, so that the cast iron pieces need to be crushed and then melted again.

At present, the domestic cast iron crushing methods comprise the following steps:

1. drop hammer gravity crushing method: a method for breaking the cast iron parts into two or more blocks features that the weight of heavy hammer is dropped from high position and the potential energy released by the drop hammer is far greater than the ultimate strength of the cast iron parts, so the drop hammer has a greater weight (5-10 tons) and a higher height (5-10 m). The drop hammer crushing method belongs to the crushing operation, so strict protection measures are required to be taken on a crushing pit and the periphery of the crushing pit, the crushing pit is prevented from being inclined, damaged and sunk, meanwhile, the fragments are prevented from splashing to hurt people, and in addition, the drop hammer crushing method cannot control the number of the broken blocks and the size of the broken blocks.

2. Cutting by using a grinding wheel and performing expansion fracture by using a manual chisel: the method includes cutting a notch with a certain depth on the iron casting by using a portable grinding wheel, inserting a chisel into the notch, and striking the chisel by using a hammer to break the iron casting. The method can effectively crush the iron castings, is simple and feasible, can control the number and the size of the crushed pieces, but generates a large amount of dust to pollute the environment during the abrasive wheel cutting, belongs to the friction cutting, has large consumption of the abrasive wheel, low production efficiency and high labor intensity, and is not suitable for crushing the iron castings on a large scale.

3. Crushing by adopting a jaw crusher: the casting is treated for many times and is broken in a grading way from big to small, so that the broken material block meets the size requirement of the material returned. The disadvantages are that the vermicular cast iron with higher toughness can not be crushed, and the box-shaped cast iron with larger volume can not be crushed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at the problems in the background technology and provides a vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing device.

The invention provides a vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing device which comprises a frame, a safety door oil cylinder, two safety gates, four sliding rails, a frame body, a positioning swing arm, a feeding trolley, a rail, guide posts, cushion blocks, a main oil cylinder, a sliding block, a pressure head, a linear bearing, a positioning oil cylinder, a material lifting oil cylinder and an inserting claw, wherein the frame comprises a frame upper cross beam, a frame lower cross beam, four frame stand columns and four frame walls, the frame upper cross beam, the frame lower cross beam, the four frame stand columns and the frame walls enclose a cuboid, the main oil cylinder is arranged on the bottom surface of the frame upper cross beam, the sliding block is arranged at the front end of a piston rod of the main oil cylinder, the guide posts are arranged below the frame upper cross beam, the sliding block slides along the guide posts, the pressure head is arranged on the working surface of the sliding block, the cushion blocks are arranged on the frame lower cross beam, the frame walls on the front surface and the rear surface of the frame are respectively provided with one safety gate, the utility model discloses a safety gate, including frame wall, safety gate, frame bottom end rail, frame crossbeam, delivery truck, frame front end rail, frame bottom end rail, frame crossbeam, frame, delivery truck, location swing arm, location hydro-cylinder afterbody is fixed on the frame body, the safety gate passes through the emergency exit hydro-cylinder to be connected with the frame crossbeam, installs two slide rails on the both sides frame stand of safety gate place frame wall, safety gate reciprocates along two slide rails, the side-mounting of frame bottom end rail has the frame body, the track is installed on the plane on the frame body, the delivery truck passes through the drive arrangement drive along track back-and-forth movement, the location swing arm is installed respectively to the frame body left and right sides, installs the location hydro-cylinder on one of them location swing arm, location hydro-cylinder afterbody is fixed on the frame body, the front end of the delivery truck is installed through the lifting oil cylinder and is inserted the claw.

Preferably, the driving device comprises a chain, a motor and a speed reducer, and the motor and the speed reducer are installed inside the frame body and are connected with the feeding trolley through the chain.

Preferably, a frame body upright post is vertically installed between the frame bodies, and the positioning swing arm is installed on the frame body upright post through a pin shaft.

Preferably, the tail parts of the two positioning swing arms are connected to the linear bearing.

Preferably, the crushing equipment for the vermicular cast iron box type structural part further comprises a hydraulic oil pipe and a hydraulic station, wherein the hydraulic station is placed on the right side of the frame and is respectively connected with the main oil cylinder, the two safety door oil cylinders, the positioning oil cylinder and the material lifting oil cylinder through the hydraulic oil pipe.

The vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment has the beneficial effects that:

1. the vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment can finish automatic feeding and discharging and is convenient to operate;

2. according to the vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment, the oil cylinder piston in the hydraulic press drives the sliding block and the pyramid type cutter installed on the sliding block to crush the vermicular cast iron box type structural part.

3. The vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment disclosed by the invention is used for crushing mechanically, basically does not generate dust and cutting chips, is large and continuous in output force and does not pollute the environment.

4. According to the vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment, multiple groups of sensors are arranged in the equipment, so that the full-automatic control of the crushing process can be realized.

5. According to the vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment, a hydraulic oil pressure overload alarm and automatic pressure relief machine mechanism are arranged in a hydraulic system, and an electric overcurrent protection device is arranged in a circuit, so that the vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment can be automatically disconnected when the current is too large, and overload protection is automatically realized.

6. Compared with other crushing modes, the crushing equipment for the vermicular cast iron box type structural part only needs 30 seconds for crushing one cylinder cover, and is high in working efficiency.

7. According to the vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment, the crushing process is full-automatic, only the raw material is added, the material is fed by manually using the cantilever crane, and the labor intensity is low.

8. The vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment disclosed by the invention is full-automatic in work, can realize no human participation in the whole process after a feeding mechanism is correspondingly modified, reduces the labor cost, is high in automation degree, and is suitable for mass production.

9. According to the vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment, a hydraulic oil pressure overload alarm and automatic pressure relief machine mechanism are arranged in a hydraulic system, a safety protection door is arranged outside a crushing chamber and used for isolating an operator from a crushed workpiece, the operator can feed materials at a position far away from the crushing chamber during normal work and does not directly contact with the equipment, and the vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment is safe, reliable and easy to automatically control.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vermicular cast iron box type structural member crushing device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side cross-sectional view of the vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment;

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a feeding trolley of the vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the indenter of the present invention;

reference numerals: 1-frame upper beam; 2-a safety door oil cylinder; 3-a safety gate; 4-a slide rail; 5-frame lower beam; 6-frame body; 7-a hydraulic oil pipe; 8-a hydraulic station; 9-positioning the swing arm; 10-a feeding car; 11-a track; 12-a guide post; 13-frame posts; 14-a cushion block; 15-a master cylinder; 16-a slide block; 17-pressure head; 18-linear bearings; 19-a chain; 20-a speed reducer; 21-a pin shaft; 22-frame columns; 23-positioning the oil cylinder; 24-a material lifting oil cylinder; 25-inserting claws.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the appended drawings:

the first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is explained with reference to fig. 1 to 4. The vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment comprises a frame, a safety door oil cylinder 2, two safety doors 3, four sliding rails 4, a frame body 6, a positioning swing arm 9, a feeding car 10, a rail 11, guide columns 12, cushion blocks 14, a main oil cylinder 15, a sliding block 16, a pressure head 17, a linear bearing 18, a positioning oil cylinder 23, a lifting oil cylinder 24 and an inserting claw 25, wherein the frame is used as a main body, the frame comprises a frame upper cross beam 1, a frame lower cross beam 5, four frame upright columns 13 and four frame walls, the frame upper cross beam 1, the frame lower cross beam 5, the four frame upright columns 13 and the frame walls form a cuboid in a surrounding mode, the main oil cylinder 15 is installed on the bottom surface of the frame upper cross beam 1, the sliding block 16 is installed at the front end of a piston rod of the main oil cylinder 15, the guide columns 12 are installed below the frame upper cross beam 1, and the sliding block 16 slides along the guide columns 12, a pressure head 17 is arranged on the working surface of the sliding block 16, two cushion blocks 14 are arranged on the lower beam 5 of the framework, a safety gate 3 is respectively arranged on the framework walls on the front and the back surfaces of the framework, the safety gate 3 is connected with the frame upper beam 1 through the safety gate oil cylinder 2, two slide rails 4 are arranged on the frame upright posts 13 at the two sides of the frame wall where the safety gate 3 is positioned, the safety gate 3 moves up and down along two slide rails 4, a frame body 6 is arranged on the side surface of the lower frame beam 5, a rail 11 is arranged on the upper plane of the frame body 6, the feeding car 10 is driven by a driving device to move back and forth along the rail 11, the left side and the right side of the frame body 6 are respectively provided with a positioning swing arm 9, a positioning oil cylinder 23 is mounted on one positioning swing arm 9, the tail of the positioning oil cylinder 23 is fixed on the frame body 6, and an inserting claw 25 is mounted at the front end of the feeding car 10 through a material lifting oil cylinder 24.

The driving device comprises a chain 19, a motor and a speed reducer 20, and the motor and the speed reducer 20 are installed inside the frame body 6 and are connected with the feeding car 10 through the chain 19.

Frame body stand 22 is vertically installed between frame body 6, location swing arm 9 is installed on frame body stand 22 through round pin axle 21.

Linear bearings 18 are installed on two sides of the frame body 6, and the tail parts of the two positioning swing arms 9 are connected to the linear bearings 18.

The crushing equipment for the vermicular cast iron box type structural part further comprises a hydraulic oil pipe 7 and a hydraulic station 8, wherein the hydraulic station 8 is placed on the right side of the frame and is respectively connected with the main oil cylinder 15, the two safety door oil cylinders 2, the positioning oil cylinder 23 and the material lifting oil cylinder 24 through the hydraulic oil pipe 7. The hydraulic system is internally provided with a hydraulic oil pressure overload alarm and automatic pressure relief machine mechanism, and the circuit is internally provided with an electric overcurrent protection device, so that the hydraulic system can be automatically disconnected when the current is overlarge, and the overload protection can be automatically realized.

The pressure head 17 is made into a knife edge shape and is provided with a raised sharp point (pyramid), and the pressure head has the functions of facilitating the concentrated loading of the pressure of the press machine on the iron casting and facilitating the generation and the propagation of cracks of the iron casting.

The vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment is characterized in that 3 groups of sensors are arranged on a frame and are respectively a starting point and a terminal point of a main oil cylinder 15 and a fast and slow switching point of the oil cylinder. 2 groups of sensors are arranged on the frame body 6 and are respectively the starting point and the end point of the feeding car 10. 2 groups of sensors are arranged on the material lifting oil cylinder 24 and are respectively the lifting and falling positions of the inserting claws 25. And 1 group of sensors are arranged at the starting point of the positioning oil cylinder 23 and play a role in limiting. And a pressure sensor is arranged in the hydraulic system and used for monitoring the pressure of the hydraulic oil.

The specific operation process and the working principle of the vermicular cast iron box type structural part crushing equipment are as follows:

1. the actions are as follows: the feeding car 10 is positioned at the initial position of the rear part of the frame body 6 in the initial state, the inserting claws 25 droop, and the front safety gate 3, the rear safety gate and the sliding block 16 are lifted to the top of the hydraulic press; placing the vermicular cast iron box type structural part on a specified position of the frame body 6 by using a crane; the positioning swing arm 9 is folded towards the center of the frame body 6, and the vermicular cast iron box type structural part is positioned on the center line of the equipment and then opened; the inserting claw 25 lifts and holds the vermicular cast iron box type structural part upwards; the feeding trolley 10 moves forward to feed the vermicular cast iron box type structural part into the frame; the inserting claw 25 sags, a vermicular cast iron box type structural part is placed on the cushion block 14, the inserting claw 25 keeps a sagging state, and the feeding car 10 retreats to the initial position; the front and rear safety gates 3 fall down; the slide block 16 drives the pressure head 17 to move downwards, and the vermicular cast iron box type structural part is crushed. The control system controls the motor or the hydraulic system to control the control, which is not described in detail herein.

2. The crushing principle is as follows: all pressure of the main oil cylinder 15 is concentrated on the central point of the top surface of the vermicular cast iron box type structural part through the pyramid shape of the pressure head 17, so that stress concentration is caused, and point breaking is realized; the pressing head 17 continues to press downwards, the damage area of the central point of the vermicular cast iron box type structural part is continuously enlarged, meanwhile, the bottom surface of the vermicular cast iron box type structural part protrudes outwards and is pulled, and under the action of the cutting edge of the pressing head 17, the damage of the central point of the vermicular cast iron box type structural part extends transversely to realize transverse line breaking; with the continuous increase of the load, the neutral axis gradually moves to the side (top surface) with the maximum pressure stress; the top surface is pressed to be concave, the bottom surface is pulled to be convex, and under the combined action of pressure and pulling force, the transverse section strength of the vermicular cast iron box type structural part is rapidly reduced, so that instant fracture is caused.

The above-mentioned embodiments further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and that the reasonable combination of the features described in the above-mentioned embodiments can be made, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The crushing equipment for the vermicular cast iron box type structural part is characterized by comprising a frame, a safety door oil cylinder (2), two safety gates (3), four sliding rails (4), a frame body (6), a positioning swing arm (9), a feeding car (10), a rail (11), a guide post (12), a cushion block (14), a main oil cylinder (15), a sliding block (16), a pressure head (17), a linear bearing (18), a positioning oil cylinder (23), a material lifting oil cylinder (24) and an inserting claw (25),

the frame comprises a frame upper beam (1), a frame lower beam (5), four frame columns (13) and four frame walls, wherein the frame upper beam (1), the frame lower beam (5), the four frame columns (13) and the frame walls enclose a rectangular box body, a main oil cylinder (15) is installed on the bottom surface of the frame upper beam (1), a sliding block (16) is installed at the front end of a piston rod of the main oil cylinder (15), a plurality of guide columns (12) are installed below the frame upper beam (1), the sliding block (16) slides along the guide columns (12), a pressure head (17) is installed on the lower scheme of the sliding block (16), two cushion blocks (14) are installed on the frame lower beam (5), a safety gate (3) is installed on each of the frame walls on the front and rear surfaces of the frame, and the safety gate (3) is connected with the frame upper beam (1) through a safety gate oil cylinder (2), two slide rails (4) are arranged on the frame upright posts (13) at two sides of the frame wall where the safety gate (3) is positioned, the safety gate (3) moves up and down along the two slide rails (4),

the side-mounting of frame bottom end rail (5) has support body (6), track (11) are installed on the plane on support body (6), carriage feeder (10) pass through the drive arrangement drive along track (11) back-and-forth movement, location swing arm (9) are installed respectively to the support body (6) left and right sides, install location hydro-cylinder (23) on one of them location swing arm (9), location hydro-cylinder (23) afterbody is fixed on support body (6), pawl (25) are inserted in carriage feeder (10) front end through lifting material hydro-cylinder (24) and installing.

2. The equipment for breaking box-type structural members of vermicular cast iron according to claim 1, wherein the driving device comprises a chain (19), a motor and a speed reducer (20), and the motor and the speed reducer (20) are installed inside the frame body (6) and are connected with the feeding car (10) through the chain (19).

3. The crushing equipment for vermicular cast iron box type structural parts according to claim 1, wherein frame body upright posts (22) are vertically installed among the frame bodies (6), and the positioning swing arms (9) are installed on the frame body upright posts (22) through pin shafts (21).

4. The equipment for breaking the box-shaped structural member of vermicular cast iron according to claim 1, wherein linear bearings (18) are installed on both sides of the frame body (6), and the tail parts of the two positioning swing arms (9) are connected to the linear bearings (18).

5. The crushing equipment for the vermicular cast iron box-type structural part according to claim 1, further comprising a hydraulic oil pipe (7) and a hydraulic station (8), wherein the hydraulic station (8) is arranged on the right side of the frame and is respectively connected with the main oil cylinder (15), the two safety door oil cylinders (2), the positioning oil cylinder (23) and the material lifting oil cylinder (24) through the hydraulic oil pipe (7).