CN113484351A - Method for representing yield strength anisotropy of beta forging titanium alloy forging - Google Patents
Method for representing yield strength anisotropy of beta forging titanium alloy forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN113484351A CN113484351A CN202110769595.7A CN202110769595A CN113484351A CN 113484351 A CN113484351 A CN 113484351A CN 202110769595 A CN202110769595 A CN 202110769595A CN 113484351 A CN113484351 A CN 113484351A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
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- G01N23/2251—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion using incident electron beams, e.g. scanning electron microscopy [SEM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/07—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation secondary emission
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/10—Different kinds of radiation or particles
- G01N2223/102—Different kinds of radiation or particles beta or electrons
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for representing the anisotropy of yield strength of a beta forging titanium alloy forging, which comprises the following steps: 1) cutting a sample; 2) processing the sample to obtain an EBSD detection sample, and selecting a radial-axial plane as a test plane; 3) selecting an area for EBSD test; 4) processing EBSD data to obtain an alpha phase orientation distribution map, and extracting alphaGBA phase orientation profile; 5) at αGBAdding three slippage systems of a uniaxial tension loading direction and an alpha phase into the phase orientation distribution diagram to obtain a Schmi d factor distribution diagram of the loading direction, and counting the ratio S of the Schmi d factor smaller than a first preset value and larger than a second preset value; 6) taking the direction deflection of N degrees in the step 5) as a new loading direction, repeating the step 5), and establishing deflection angles N and SNThe corresponding relationship curve of (2). According to the invention, under the condition of not taking a tensile sample and performing tensile test, the yield strength level of the area to be tested in any unidirectional loading direction is obtained by using EBSD test and data processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of performance test of titanium alloy forgings, and particularly relates to a method for representing anisotropy of yield strength of a beta forging titanium alloy forging by using a Schmid factor.
Background
Beta forging refers to forging in which the titanium alloy is completely above the beta transus point. The mesh basket structure is obtained after beta forging, and the mesh basket structure is widely used for preparing disk type forgings of aircraft engines due to excellent creep resistance and fracture toughness. Wherein the original beta grains are elongated along the metal flowing direction to form Pancake grains as shown in figure 1, which is easy to cause anisotropy of mechanical properties of the alloy. Tensile samples in different directions are usually cut on the forging for testing, and the strength anisotropy of the area of the forging is represented by a strength index. However, for the beta forging, in order to avoid the influence of hardenability on the strength performance, a plurality of tensile samples in different directions are taken on the same section thickness, and the test is inevitable to have errors. Therefore, the method has strong engineering significance for analyzing the strength anisotropy by Electron Back Scattering Diffraction (EBSD) and data processing analysis of the structure of any region of the beta forged titanium alloy forging.
The beta forged basket structure precipitates discontinuous grain boundary alpha phase (alpha) at the original beta grain boundaryGB) And the original beta crystal grains are internally provided with interlaced lamellar alpha phases. Due to alphaGBNo fine secondary alpha phase is separated out in the phase, which is a 'weak area' in the tissue, and cracks are easy to follow alphaGBInitiation and propagation of the phase, so that only the region a to be measured is analyzed hereGB. As is well known, the more the Schmid factor deviates from 0.45, the greater the material deformation difficulty and the higher the yield strength, and alpha under different loading directions is obtained through EBSD dataGBThe Schmid factor profile of the phases can be qualitatively analyzed for yield strength levels in different loading directions. By utilizing anisotropy of the mechanical property of the forgings, the design of the prefabricated blank of the blisk forgings is guided and optimized, and the Pancake crystal grain elongation directions are adjusted according to different areas of the forgings, for example, the better tensile mechanical property is obtained in the radial direction of blades and a web plate of the blisk forgings and in the chord direction of a wheel rim and a wheel hub.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned circumstances of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for characterizing the yield strength anisotropy of a beta forged titanium alloy forging, and the yield strength anisotropy level of any region is characterized on the premise of not carrying out a tensile test on the forging.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for representing the yield strength anisotropy of a beta forging titanium alloy forging is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) taking a sample with specified dimensions in an area to be analyzed, wherein the length direction, the width direction and the thickness direction of the sample respectively correspond to the radial direction (LD), the axial direction (FD) and the chord direction (LD1) of the forge piece;
2) processing the sample in the step 1) to obtain a sample for EBSD detection, and selecting a fixed diameter axial plane (FD-LD) as a test plane;
3) selecting an area with at least 5 original beta grains for EBSD test, wherein the scanning step length is less than or equal to alphaGB1/2 phase thickness;
4) processing EBSD data to obtain alpha phase orientation distribution map, and extracting alphaGBOrientation profile of the phases;
5) at αGBThree slippage systems of adding direction of uniaxial tension loading and alpha phase in phase orientation distribution diagram<11-20>(0001),<11-20>(10-10) and<11-23>(11-22) obtaining a Schmid factor distribution map of the loading direction, and counting the sum S of the ratio of the Schmid factor smaller than a first predetermined value and the ratio larger than a second predetermined value;
6) taking the direction deflection angle N (not more than 90 degrees) in the step 5) as a new loading direction, repeating the step 5), and finally establishing deflection angles N and SNThe corresponding relationship curve of (2).
Wherein the specified dimensions of the sample are that the length is not less than 10mm, the width is not less than 6mm, and the thickness is not less than 4mm, and if the sample is too small, there is a problem that the data of the region to be measured is insufficient.
Preferably, the scanning step is equal to or less than αGB1/3 phase thickness, thus ensuring alphaGBMore than 3 data points can be obtained from the phase, and the final characterization result can be more accurate.
Since the greater the degree of difficulty of deformation of the material and the higher the yield strength, the more the Schmi d factor deviates from 0.45, the first predetermined value is preferably set to 0.4 and the second predetermined value is preferably set to 0.5.
The invention provides a method for representing the yield strength anisotropy of a beta forging titanium alloy forging by using a Schmid factor, which can obtain S by using EBSD test and data processing under the conditions of not taking a tensile sample and tensile testNThat is, the yield strength level of the area to be tested in any one-way loading direction is applied to the whole beta titanium alloy forgingThe design optimization of the prefabricated blank of the blade disc type forge piece provides a technical basis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Pancake grain model after beta forging;
FIG. 2 is a blank view of a beta forged titanium alloy blisk forging;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the FD direction Schmid factor distribution;
FIG. 4 shows deflection angles N and SNThe corresponding relationship curve of (2).
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The invention provides a method for representing the yield strength anisotropy of a beta forging titanium alloy forging by using Schmid factors, wherein a plurality of analysis areas are determined in the forging after heat treatment, and the analysis method comprises the following specific steps:
1) cutting a sample: taking two square samples with the length not less than 10mm, the width not less than 6mm and the thickness not less than 4mm in an area to be analyzed, wherein the length, the width and the thickness directions of the two square samples respectively correspond to the radial direction (LD), the axial direction (FD) and the chord direction (LD1) of a forge piece, and one square sample is taken as a sample preparation;
2) sample preparation: processing the sample cut in the step 1) by adopting a high power tissue inspection sample preparation method specified in GB/T5168-2008 to obtain an EBSD detection sample, and selecting a fixed diameter axial plane (FD-LD) as a test plane;
3) EBSD test: putting the sample prepared in the step 2 into a scanning electron microscope, and selecting an area containing 5-30 original beta grains for EBSD test, wherein the scanning step length is less than or equal to alphaGB1/3 phase thickness;
4) EBSD data processing: obtaining the orientation distribution map of alpha phase, and extracting alpha from the distribution mapGBOrientation profile of the phases;
5) at αGBThe direction of uniaxial tensile loading added to the phase orientation profile, in this case the FD direction (although LD direction can be chosen), i.e. Sigma value, and three slip systems common to the alpha phase (<11-20>(0001),<11-20>(10-10) and<11-23>(11-22)), obtaining a Schmid factor distribution map of the loading direction, counting the percentage of the Schmid factor less than 0.4 and the percentage greater than 0.5, and adding to obtain a percentage ratio S of the Schmid factor less than 0.4 and the percentage greater than 0.5FD；
6) Taking the deflection angle N (not more than 90 degrees) of the loading direction in the step 5) as a new loading direction, preferably 10-15 degrees, and repeating the step 5) to obtain SFD…SN…SLDFinally, the deflection angles N and S are establishedNIs characterized by the yield strength levels in different tensile directions, wherein SNThe above ratio at the deflection angle N, SLDThe ratio described above in the LD direction.
Examples
The sample material is alpha + beta type two-phase titanium alloy rich in beta stable elements, domestic TC17 titanium alloy and beta forging blisk forgings.
1) Cutting a sample: two square samples with the length of 10mm, the width of 6mm and the thickness of 4mm are taken from the region No. 4 shown in the figure 2 and respectively correspond to the radial direction (LD), the axial direction (FD) and the chord direction (LD1) of the forge piece, one sample is taken as a preparation sample, in the blisk forge piece shown in the figure 2, the radial tensile property is mainly examined in the blade region No. 4 and the web region No. 2, the chord tensile property is mainly examined in the rim region No. 3 and the hub region No. 1, and the elongation directions of crystal grains in the regions No. 1-4 in the figure 2 are controlled through preform design, so that each part of the forge piece obtains better tensile property matching;
2) sample preparation: processing the sample in the step 1) by adopting a high power tissue inspection sample preparation method specified in GB/T5168-2008 to obtain an EBSD detection sample, and selecting a fixed diameter axial plane (FD-LD) as a test plane;
3) EBSD test: putting the sample prepared in the step 2 into a JSM 7900F scanning electron microscope, and selecting a region of 1000 x 500mm for EBSD test, wherein the scanning step length is 0.5 mu m;
4) EBSD data processing: processing OIM software data to obtain an alpha-phase orientation distribution map, and extracting alpha from the alpha-phase orientation distribution mapGBOrientation profile of the phases;
5) using OI M software at alphaGBThe direction of adding FD in the phase orientation distribution diagram is unidirectionalThe direction of tensile loading, and three slip systems common to the alpha phase (<11-20>(0001),<11-20>(10-10) and<11-23>(11-22)), obtaining a Schmid factor distribution plot in FD direction, counting percentage ratios of Schmid factor less than 0.4 and greater than 0.5 (as shown in FIG. 3);
6) taking the deflection angle of the FD direction of 15 degrees as a new loading direction, and repeating the step 5 to obtain SFD…SN…SLDFinally, the deflection angles N and S are establishedNAs shown in fig. 4, it can be seen that the yield strength is highest in the region 4, 45 ° direction.
Claims (8)
1. A method for representing the yield strength anisotropy of a beta forging titanium alloy forging is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) cutting a sample with a specified size in a region to be analyzed, wherein the length, width and thickness directions of the sample respectively correspond to the radial direction, the axial direction and the chord direction of the forge piece;
2) processing the cut sample to obtain an EBSD detection sample, and selecting a radial-axial plane as a test plane;
3) selecting an area with at least 5 original beta grains for EBSD test, wherein the scanning step length is less than or equal to alphaGB1/2 phase thickness;
4) processing EBSD data to obtain an alpha phase orientation distribution map, and extracting alphaGBOrientation profile of the phases;
5) at αGBThree slippage systems of adding direction of uniaxial tension loading and alpha phase in phase orientation distribution diagram<11-20>(0001),<11-20>(10-10) and<11-23>(11-22) obtaining a Schmid factor distribution map of the loading direction, counting a ratio S of the Schmid factor being smaller than a first predetermined value and larger than a second predetermined value;
6) taking the direction deflection N degrees in the step 5) as a new loading direction, repeating the step 5), and finally establishing deflection angles N and SNThe corresponding relationship curve of (2).
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the prescribed dimensions of the specimen are a length of not less than 10mm, a width of not less than 6mm, and a thickness of not less than 4 mm.
3. Method according to claim 1, wherein said scanning step is equal to or less than αGB1/3 phase thickness.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said first predetermined value is preferably set to 0.4 and said second predetermined value is preferably set to 0.5.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said angle N is no greater than 90 °.
6. A method according to claim 5, wherein said angle N is 10 to 15 °.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the direction of the uniaxial tensile loading is radial.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing of the sample in step 1) to obtain the EBSD detection sample is performed by the high power tissue test sample preparation method specified in GB/T5168-.
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| CN109142402A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of TKD of the single crystal grain stress state of polycrystalline material determines method |
| CN110643850A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-03 | 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 | Copper alloy with excellent bending performance and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111681721A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-09-18 | 季华实验室 | Yield criterion obtaining method of polycrystalline metal material |
| CN112611661A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-06 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for judging dislocation slippage type |
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| CN104569012A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 大连理工大学 | Method for determining polycrystalline metal deformation activation slippage system |
| CN109142402A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of TKD of the single crystal grain stress state of polycrystalline material determines method |
| CN110643850A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-03 | 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 | Copper alloy with excellent bending performance and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111681721A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-09-18 | 季华实验室 | Yield criterion obtaining method of polycrystalline metal material |
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