CN113483511B - Ice-shaped cutter, ice-shaped measuring device and ice-shaped measuring method - Google Patents
Ice-shaped cutter, ice-shaped measuring device and ice-shaped measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113483511B CN113483511B CN202111045157.2A CN202111045157A CN113483511B CN 113483511 B CN113483511 B CN 113483511B CN 202111045157 A CN202111045157 A CN 202111045157A CN 113483511 B CN113483511 B CN 113483511B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C5/00—Working or handling ice
- F25C5/02—Apparatus for disintegrating, removing or harvesting ice
- F25C5/04—Apparatus for disintegrating, removing or harvesting ice without the use of saws
- F25C5/08—Apparatus for disintegrating, removing or harvesting ice without the use of saws by heating bodies in contact with the ice
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/08—Aerodynamic models
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of wind tunnel tests and provides an ice cutter, an ice measuring device and an ice measuring method, wherein the ice cutter comprises: the cutting assembly, the cooling assembly, the water supply assembly, the water collecting container, the air supply assembly and the ejector are arranged on the cutting assembly; the water outlet of the water supply assembly is connected with the water inlet of the ejector, and the water inlet of the water supply assembly is connected with the water outlet of the water collecting container; the hot air outlet of the air supply assembly is connected with the air inlet of the ejector; an air jet of the ejector is connected with an inlet of the cutting assembly, an outlet of the cutting assembly is connected with a recovery port of the water collecting container, and the cutting assembly forms an accommodating cavity; the water inlet, the air inlet and the air jet of the ejector are communicated with each other; the cooling assembly is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the cutting assembly, and the air inlet of the cooling assembly is connected with the cold air outlet of the air supply assembly. The ice shape cut by the ice shape cutting machine is high in accuracy and fidelity, wide in application range and simple in structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wind tunnel tests, in particular to an ice cutter, an ice measuring device and an ice measuring method.
Background
When an aircraft passes through a large number of low-temperature cloud layers rich in supercooled liquid drops, the windward surface of the aircraft is easy to generate the phenomenon of icing, and the icing phenomenon has serious threat to the flight safety of the aircraft, so that the development of an aircraft model icing test in an icing wind tunnel is called as an important link for designing and verifying an aircraft deicing prevention system.
In an icing wind tunnel test of an aircraft model, the two-dimensional cross-sectional shape (called ice shape for short) of ice accumulated on the surface of the model needs to be accurately obtained, and the precision and speed of the ice shape obtaining directly influence the quality efficiency of the test. In the prior art, the method for acquiring the frozen wind-driven ice shapes mainly comprises hot knife cutting, and the hot knives can be divided into two types according to the working principle: an integral profile hot knife and a moving strip. The integral profile hot knife is made by cutting a copper sheet with a profile identical to the profile of the aircraft model at the front edge, the profile is large, the heated hot knife is horizontally inserted into ice accumulated at the front edge of the aircraft model to be obtained when the integral profile hot knife is used, the ice accumulated at the contact part is melted by utilizing the residual heat of the copper sheet, the hot knife is drawn out after the cutting is finished, and then the prefabricated paper checkerboard is inserted for ice-shaped drawing. The movable narrow-strip-shaped hot knife is in a narrow-strip shape, the rear end of the hot knife is connected with an electric heating device and fixed on a horizontal movable support, and ice accumulated on a contact part is melted by utilizing the high temperature of the hot knife through transversely moving the heated hot knife in use, so that ice-shaped cutting is realized. The two types of hot blades are widely applied to ice shape acquisition in an icing wind tunnel, but have some defects in the aspect of accurate fidelity acquisition of ice shapes, and the defects are as follows:
when the integral profile type hot knife is used, the heating temperature of the hot knife depends on the heating mode and the maximum temperature resistant temperature of the knife body material, the larger the profile is, the more obvious the cold and hot deformation phenomenon of the hot knife is, and the lower the ice-shaped cutting fidelity of the profile is. The temperature of the hot knife is not controlled during cutting, the temperatures of different positions of the knife edge are basically consistent, and the phenomenon that an ice accumulation area with small thickness is excessively melted or an ice accumulation area with large thickness is incompletely cut can occur when the same hot knife temperature is used for cutting areas with different ice accumulation thicknesses. The front edge molded line of the molded surface hot knife is customized in advance according to the molded surface of the model, after the hot knife is machined, only the ice shape of the specific position of the model can be obtained, the ice shape obtaining point position is increased according to the icing condition of the model sometimes in a test, and the hot knife needs to be machined again at the moment, so that the test efficiency is influenced. When the ice shape is cut by the method, a plurality of persons are needed to work cooperatively, one person is responsible for the hot knife, and 2-3 persons use the quick-freezing agent to cool the accumulated ice on the upper surface of the ice knife, so that the ice shape is prevented from being damaged by excessive melting of the ice on the upper surface, and the efficiency is low. Easy heat dissipation cooling influences the cutting effect in the hot sword is transported, and has operating personnel scald risk.
The moving narrow-strip type hot knife avoids the temperature control problem of the profile type hot knife, but in the cutting process of the hot knife, nitrogen gas is used for cooling the area close to the cutting to keep the ice shape, and ice melt water generated by cutting is blown off the surface of the model by the nitrogen gas. When the device cuts seed nitrogen to blow off ice and melt water, the nitrogen temperature is low, so that the ice is easy to freeze randomly on the surface of the ice in water overflow, the shape of accumulated ice is damaged, and the fidelity of ice shape acquisition is influenced. The hot knife of the device is heated in an electric heating mode, so that electric shock accidents are easily caused in the humid environment of an icing wind tunnel, and the safety is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to an ice cutter, an ice measuring device and an ice measuring method, which are used to solve the above problems of the prior art.
The present invention provides an ice cutter comprising: the cutting assembly, the cooling assembly, the water supply assembly, the water collecting container, the air supply assembly and the ejector are arranged on the cutting assembly;
the water outlet of the water supply assembly is connected with the water inlet of the ejector, and the water inlet of the water supply assembly is connected with the water outlet of the water collecting container;
the air inlet of the air supply assembly is connected with an air source, and the hot air outlet of the air supply assembly is connected with the air inlet of the ejector;
an air jet of the ejector is connected with an inlet of the cutting assembly, an outlet of the cutting assembly is connected with a recovery port of the water collecting container, and the cutting assembly forms an accommodating cavity;
the water inlet, the air inlet and the air jet of the ejector are communicated with each other;
the cooling assembly is installed in the containing cavity of the cutting assembly, and the air inlet of the cooling assembly is connected with the cold air outlet of the air supply assembly.
Further, the cutting assembly is a cutting pipe, the cutting pipe is arranged in a U shape, and the front end of the cutting pipe is arc-shaped.
Further, the cooling assembly is a cooling plate, and the shape of the cooling plate is consistent with the shape of the accommodating cavity formed by the cutting assembly.
Further, the cooling plate is of a hollow structure.
Further, cooling holes are arranged on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the cooling plate.
Further, the surface coating material of the cooling plate is modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
Further, the water supply assembly includes: a water supply pipe and a water amount control valve installed on the water supply pipe.
Further, the gas supply assembly includes: the device comprises a gas supply pipe, a vortex tube power regulating valve, a vortex tube flow distribution regulating valve and a hot gas pipe;
the air inlet of the air supply pipe is connected with a high-pressure air source, the air outlet of the air supply pipe is connected with the air inlet of the vortex tube, and the vortex tube power regulating valve is installed on the air supply pipe;
the cold air outlet of the vortex tube is connected with the air inlet of the cooling assembly, and the hot air outlet of the vortex tube is connected with the air inlet of the hot air tube;
the air outlet of the hot air pipe is connected with the air inlet of the ejector, and the flow distribution regulating valve of the vortex pipe is arranged on the hot air pipe;
and the air inlet, the cold air outlet and the hot air outlet of the vortex tube are communicated with each other.
The invention also provides an ice-shaped measuring device which comprises a measuring bracket, a measuring plate, a piece of checkered paper and the ice-shaped cutter, wherein the ice-shaped cutter is arranged on the measuring plate, the measuring plate and the ice-shaped cutter are arranged on the bracket, the measuring plate and the ice-shaped cutter can move up and down along the bracket, and the measuring plate is positioned above the ice-shaped cutter.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the ice shape by adopting the ice shape measuring device, which comprises the following steps:
step S10: arranging the ice-shaped measuring device in a wind tunnel;
step S20: adjusting the height of the ice-shaped cutter relative to the measuring bracket to a target height of the ice-shaped position to be measured;
step S30: horizontally moving the ice-shaped cutter to a target height on one side of the aircraft model, and performing telescopic motion on the ice-shaped cutter along the aircraft model until a gap is cut, stopping moving the ice-shaped cutter, and moving the ice-shaped cutter away from the aircraft model;
step S40: adjusting the height of the measuring plate to be consistent with the height of the ice-shaped cutter during cutting;
step S50: horizontally moving the measuring plate to a cutting gap, and inserting pre-cut check paper with a leading edge profile consistent with an aircraft model into the gap between the accumulated ice at the cutting part and the measuring plate;
step S60: the ice shape at the cutting position was traced on the paper grid using a pen.
The beneficial effects of the invention at least comprise the following aspects:
1. the ice-shaped cutter provided by the invention adopts high-temperature hot gas as a heat source to provide for the cutting assembly to cut accumulated ice, adopts cold air as a coolant to be sprayed out of the cooling assembly, and the hot gas for ice-shaped cutting and the cold air for cooling the accumulated ice in an area are generated by the vortex tube without adding a heating and cooling device, so that the structure is simple. In the cutting process, the air inlet flow, the cutting temperature and the cooling temperature of the vortex tube can be adjusted at any time according to the cutting condition of the accumulated ice, so that the ice shape is accurate and the fidelity is high.
2. In the prior art, before cutting ice shapes, the leading edge molded line of a hot knife needs to be customized in advance according to the molded surface of an aircraft model, and after the hot knife is processed, only the ice shapes of specific positions of the aircraft model can be obtained; in the embodiment of the invention, the shape of the cutting component in the ice-shaped cutter is not customized in advance according to the profile of the aircraft model, and the cutting component can cut and obtain ice shapes at different target positions by freely moving in different directions on the measuring bracket, namely the cutting component can cut ice shapes at different positions and different positions of the aircraft model, so that the application range is wide.
3. In the prior art, when the ice shape is cut, the temperature of a hot knife is not controlled, the temperature of the position of the knife edge is basically consistent, and for areas with different ice accretion thicknesses, when the same temperature of the hot knife is used for cutting, the ice accretion in the ice accretion area with small ice accretion thickness is excessively melted, and the ice accretion in the area with large ice accretion thickness is not completely cut and has residue; in the embodiment of the invention, the flow distribution valve of the vortex tube in the air supply device can be adjusted to control the temperature of the tube cutting assembly to be different when the ice accretion with different ice accretion thicknesses is cut, so that the problems of accumulated ice cutting transition and incomplete cutting in the cutting process are avoided, and the fidelity to the ice shape is high.
4. In the prior art, when the ice shape is cut by adopting the profile hot knife, a plurality of persons are required to work cooperatively, 1 person is responsible for the hot knife, and 2-3 persons use the quick-freezing agent to cool accumulated ice on the surface of the ice knife, so that the ice shape is prevented from being damaged by excessive melting of the accumulated ice, and the efficiency is low; the ice-shaped cutter adopted in the invention can finish the operation by only 1 person, specifically, in the process of ice accumulation cutting, a cooling component is arranged in the containing cavity of the cutting component, and the continuous heating of the cutting component and the cooling of the environment around the cutting component are realized in the cutting process by adjusting the air supply device to control the hot air entering the cutting component and the cold air of the cooling component, so that the ice shape is prevented from being damaged by the melted ice, and the cutting efficiency is high.
5. According to the invention, the low-temperature cooling plate is adopted, the low-temperature gas sprayed by the cooling plate during cutting can well protect a cutting area, so that accumulated ice can not be excessively melted, the integrity of the ice shape of a cutting part is ensured, cold air at the outlet of the vortex tube is used for the cutting part during cutting, auxiliary cooling measures such as a refrigerant and the like are not required to be additionally used, the fidelity of the ice shape is improved, and the test cost and the operation difficulty are reduced.
6. According to the invention, the ejector is adopted, hot gas generated by the vortex tube is mixed with water entering the ejector to exchange heat to form high-temperature water vapor, the thermal resistance between the high-temperature water vapor and the cutting assembly is small, and the heating efficiency of the cutting assembly is greatly improved.
7. The ice-shaped cutter provided by the embodiment of the invention does not need to be powered, avoids the risk of electric shock of personnel in the use of the device in a low-temperature and humid environment of the icing wind tunnel, and improves the safety.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an ice cutter;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cutting assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cooling module of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cooling assembly of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the water supply assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a water collecting container according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the gas supply assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an eductor according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the ice shape measurement method of the present invention.
10-a cutting assembly; 11-cutting the tube; 111-an inlet of a cut tube; 112-outlet of the cut tube; 20-a cooling assembly; 21-a cooling plate; 211-cooling holes; 212-air inlet of cooling plate; 30-a water supply assembly; 31-a water supply pipe; 311-water supply pipe inlet; 312-the outlet of the water supply pipe; 32-water control valve; 40-a water collecting container and 41-a water collecting bottle; 411-a water filling port of the water collecting bottle; 412-the outlet of the water collection bottle; 413-recovery opening of water collecting bottle; 50-a gas supply assembly; 51-a gas supply tube; 52-vortex tube power regulating valve; 53-vortex tube; 54-vortex tube flow distribution regulating valve; 55-hot air pipe; 60-an ejector; 61-inlet of ejector; 62-the water inlet of the ejector; 63-air jet of ejector.
Detailed Description
The following description provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. The particular examples set forth below are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 8, an ice cutter 100 according to embodiment 1 of the present invention includes: the cutting assembly 10, the cooling assembly 20, the water supply assembly 30, the water collecting container 40, the air supply assembly 50 and the ejector 60;
the water outlet 312 of the water supply assembly 30 is connected with the water inlet 62 of the ejector 60, and the water inlet 311 of the water supply assembly 30 is connected with the water outlet 412 of the water collecting container 40;
the air inlet of the air supply assembly 50 is connected with an air source, and the hot air outlet of the air supply assembly 50 is connected with the air inlet 61 of the ejector 60;
the air outlet 63 of the ejector 60 is connected with the inlet 111 of the cutting assembly 10, the outlet 112 of the cutting assembly 10 is connected with the recovery port 413 of the water collection container 40, and the cutting assembly 10 forms a containing cavity;
the water inlet 62, the air inlet 61 and the air jet 63 of the ejector 60 are communicated with each other;
the cooling assembly 20 is installed in the accommodating cavity of the cutting assembly 10, and the air inlet 222 of the cooling assembly 20 is connected with the cold air outlet of the air supply assembly 50.
It should be noted that: the water supply assembly 30 comprises a water supply pipe 31, the water outlet of the water supply assembly 30 is the water outlet 312 of the water supply pipe 31, and the water inlet of the water supply assembly 30 is the water inlet 311 of the water supply pipe 31; the water collecting container 40 is a water collecting bottle 41, the water outlet of the water collecting container 40 is the water outlet 412 of the water collecting bottle 41, and the recovery port of the water collecting container 40 is the recovery port 413 of the water collecting bottle 41; the cutting assembly 10 is a cutting pipe 11, the inlet of the cutting assembly 10 is an inlet 111 of the cutting pipe 11, and the outlet of the cutting assembly 10 is an inlet 112 of the cutting pipe 11; the cooling module 20 is a cooling plate 21, and the air inlet of the cooling module 20 is an air inlet 222 of the cooling plate 21; in the air supply assembly 50 shown in fig. 4, the direction indicated by the arrow is the flowing direction of the air flow, and the air ports along the flowing direction of the air flow (specifically, the direction in the figure is from top to bottom, and from left to right) are: an air inlet and an air outlet of the air supply pipe 51; an air inlet, a cold air outlet, and a hot air outlet of the vortex tube 53; an air inlet and an air outlet of the hot air pipe 55.
In the above scheme, the preferred water collecting container 41 that catchments, the top of water collecting bottle 41 is provided with a filler 411, before cutting and in the cutting process, when the water in water collecting bottle 41 appears inadequately, can add external water to water collecting bottle 41 through filler 411, guarantee that the water yield in water collecting bottle 41 is sufficient constantly, guarantee that the special subassembly of cutting in the test process goes on smoothly at the cutting process, when the water in water collecting bottle 41 is not enough, can lead to getting into the high temperature steam in the cutting subassembly 10 not enough, heating temperature reduces, cutting efficiency reduces. When water is added, a water pipe can be inserted into the water adding port 411 to fill water into the water collecting bottle 41, and other water adding modes can be adopted without limitation; the body of the water collecting bottle 41 is provided with two ports, one is a water outlet 412, and the other is a recovery port 413, wherein the water supply assembly 30 comprises a water supply pipe 31 and a water quantity control valve 31, the water outlet 412 on the water collecting bottle 412 is connected with the water inlet 311 of the water supply pipe 31, so that water in the water collecting bottle 41 can enter the water supply pipe 31, the water outlet 312 of the water supply pipe 31 is connected to the water inlet 62 of the ejector 60, and water enters the ejector 60 to provide sufficient water for the test.
Outside high pressurized air source passes through the air inlet entering of air feed subassembly 50, and be divided into steam and air conditioning, steam passes through air inlet 61 entering ejector 60 of ejector 60 in, carry out the mixing action with the water that gets into in the ejector 60, produce high temperature steam, high temperature steam carries out cutting assembly 10 through cutting assembly 10's entry 111 in, cutting assembly 10 can be because constantly entering of high temperature steam this moment, the temperature uprises, reach the temperature that needs when cutting the long-pending ice gradually, at the in-process of cutting, high temperature steam in cutting assembly 10 needs the straight loop, therefore, high temperature steam enters into water collecting container 40 through cutting assembly 10's export 112, realize the recovery to water, the cycle is used, avoid causing the waste.
The injector 60 is located between the water supply assembly 30 and the cutting assembly 10, and the connection between the water collection container 40, the water supply assembly 30, the injector 60 and the cutting assembly 10 forms a loop, so that the cutting assembly 10 also forms a containing cavity.
The cooling assembly 20 is installed in the containing cavity of the cutting assembly 10, the air inlet 212 of the cooling assembly 20 is connected with the cold air outlet of the air supply assembly 50, when the high-temperature cutting assembly 10 cuts accumulated ice, the cooling assembly 20 can cool the ice around the cutting assembly 10 in time, so that the ice is prevented from melting, and the shape of the ice is influenced.
Therefore, in the ice cutter 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the accumulated ice is cut by using the high temperature hot gas as a heat source supplied to the cutting assembly 10, and the cold gas is sprayed from the cooling assembly 20 as a coolant, and in the cutting process, the cutting temperature and the cooling temperature can be adjusted at any time according to the cutting condition of the accumulated ice, such that the ice shape is accurate, and the fidelity is high.
In the prior art, before cutting ice shapes, the leading edge molded line of a hot knife needs to be customized in advance according to the molded surface of an aircraft model, and after the hot knife is processed, only the ice shapes of specific positions of the aircraft model can be obtained; in the embodiment of the invention, the shape of the cutting component 10 in the ice-shaped cutter is not customized in advance according to the profile of the aircraft model, and the cutting component 10 can cut and obtain the ice shapes at different target positions by freely moving in different directions on the measuring bracket, namely the cutting component 10 can cut the ice shapes at different positions and different positions of the aircraft model, so that the application range is wide.
In the prior art, when the ice shape is cut, the temperature of a hot knife is not controlled, the temperature of the position of the knife edge is basically consistent, and for areas with different ice accretion thicknesses, when the same temperature of the hot knife is used for cutting, the ice accretion in the ice accretion area with small ice accretion thickness is excessively melted, and the ice accretion in the area with large ice accretion thickness is not completely cut and has residue; in the embodiment of the invention, the flow distribution valve of the vortex tube 53 in the air supply device can be adjusted to control the temperature of the cutting tube assembly to be different when the accumulated ice with different accumulated ice thicknesses is cut, so that the problems of accumulated ice cutting transition and incomplete cutting in the cutting process are avoided, and the ice shape fidelity is high.
In the prior art, when the ice shape is cut by adopting the profile hot knife, a plurality of persons are required to work cooperatively, 1 person is responsible for the hot knife, and 2-3 persons use the quick-freezing agent to cool accumulated ice on the surface of the ice knife, so that the ice shape is prevented from being damaged by excessive melting of the accumulated ice, and the efficiency is low; the ice-shaped cutter adopted in the invention can finish the operation by only 1 person, specifically, in the process of ice accumulation cutting, the cooling assembly 20 is arranged in the containing cavity of the cutting assembly 10, and the continuous heating of the cutting assembly 10 and the cooling of the environment around the cutting assembly 10 are realized by adjusting the air supply device to control the hot air entering the cutting assembly 10 and the cold air of the cooling assembly 20 in the cutting process, so that the ice shape is prevented from being damaged by the melted ice, and the cutting efficiency is high.
According to the invention, the low-temperature cooling plate 21 is adopted, the low-temperature gas sprayed out of the cooling plate 21 during cutting can well protect a cutting area, accumulated ice can not be excessively melted, the completeness of ice shape of a cutting part is ensured, cold air at the outlet of the vortex tube 53 is used for the cutting part during cutting, auxiliary cooling measures such as additional refrigerant and the like are not needed, the fidelity of the ice shape is improved, and the test cost and the operation difficulty are reduced.
According to the invention, the ejector 60 is adopted, hot gas generated by the vortex tube 53 is mixed with water entering the ejector 60 for heat exchange to form high-temperature water vapor, the thermal resistance between the high-temperature water vapor and the cutting assembly 10 is small, and the heating efficiency of the cutting assembly 10 is greatly improved.
Further, the cutting assembly 10 is a cutting pipe 11, the cutting pipe 11 is arranged in a U shape, and the front end of the cutting pipe 11 is arc-shaped.
In the above scheme, the cutting assembly 10 is preferably a cutting pipe 11, the cutting pipe 11 is hollow, one end of the cutting pipe 11 is connected with the air jet 63 of the ejector 60, the other end of the cutting pipe is connected with the water collecting bottle 41, at this time, high-temperature water vapor generated in the ejector 60 enters the cutting pipe 11, the cutting pipe 11 is heated to reach the temperature for cutting accumulated ice, the high-temperature water vapor flows to the outlet along the inlet of the cutting pipe 11, and finally flows back to the water collecting bottle 41 through the outlet of the cutting pipe 11 to recover the high-temperature water vapor; and will cut pipe 11 and buckle into the U type for the front end is circular-arc, and when cutting pipe 11 was cutting the long-pending ice, the front end can contact with the surface of aircraft model, sets up the front end into circular-arc can avoid cutting pipe 11 fish tail surface when aircraft model surface removes.
Further, the cooling assembly 20 is a cooling plate 21, and the shape of the cooling plate 21 is consistent with the shape of the accommodating cavity formed by the cutting assembly 10.
In the above solution, the cooling assembly 20 is preferably a cooling plate 21, the cooling plate 21 is also configured to be U-shaped like the cutting pipe 11, when in installation, a worker can break the cutting pipe 11 to enlarge the area of the accommodating cavity, and then place the cooling plate 21 in a proper position in the accommodating cavity, the worker releases the cutting pipe 11, the cutting pipe 11 will restore the original shape, and clamp the cooling plate 21 in the accommodating cavity, so that the cooling plate 21 is installed in the cutting pipe 11, when the cooling plate 21 is damaged, the cooling plate 21 can be detached separately for replacement, or when the cutting pipe 11 is damaged, the cooling plate 21 can be detached separately for replacement; in addition, the connection between the cooling plate 21 and the cut pipe 11 may also be achieved by means of gluing or welding;
the thickness of the cooling plate 21 cannot be higher than the horizontal plane of the cutting pipe 11, so that the influence on the ice shape during cutting is avoided, a certain distance is kept between the cooling plate 21 and the ice, and the cold air in the cooling plate 21 can be smoothly sprayed out to cool the accumulated ice around the cold air.
Further, the cooling plate 21 has a hollow structure.
Further, cooling holes 211 are provided on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the cooling plate 21.
In the above scheme, set up cooling plate 21 into hollow structure, and evenly set up a plurality of cooling holes 211 on the upper and lower surface at the interval, air inlet 212 and air supply system 50's cold gas outlet intercommunication of cooling plate 21, make air conditioning get into in cooling plate 21's hollow structure, then air conditioning is through the cooling holes 211 blowout of upper and lower surface, ice around when cutting pipe 11 cuts cools off, protection cutting area that can be fine, the phenomenon that excessive melting can not appear in the long-pending ice during messenger's cutting, the integrality of cutting position ice shape has been guaranteed.
Preferably, the cooling plate 21 is made of a metal material such as aluminum or copper, and the metal material can ensure that the cooling plate 21 is relatively easy to form and ensure the strength of the cooling plate 21.
When the cooling plate 21 is arranged as a layer, the upper and lower surfaces thereof are required to be provided with cooling holes 211, so as to ensure that ice on both sides of the cutting pipe 11 can be cooled; when the cooling plates 21 are provided in two layers, one of the cooling plates 21 only needs to ensure that the cooling holes 211 are provided on the surface near the ice accretion, and the ice on both sides of the cutting pipe 11 can be cooled.
When the device is used for cutting, cold air generated by the outlet of the vortex tube 53 is used for the cutting part, auxiliary cooling measures such as a refrigerant and the like are not needed, and the test cost and the operation difficulty are reduced.
Further, the surface coating material of the cooling plate 21 is modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
In the scheme, the modified polytetrafluoroethylene is coated on the surface of the cold plate, because the modified polytetrafluoroethylene has strong self-lubricating property and hydrophobicity, the ice can be prevented from being melted into water and then being frozen for the second time, so as to ensure that the cutting process of the cutting pipe 11 is smooth, if the surface of the cold plate 21 is not coated with hydrophobic materials such as the modified polytetrafluoroethylene, the water melted by the ice is easy to attach to the surface of the cold plate 21 after entering the cold plate 21 in the cutting process, and because the temperature of the cold plate 21 is low, the water is easy to freeze on the surface of the cold plate 21, the cooling holes 211 can be blocked, so that the cooling effect on the ice in the cutting process is poor, and the ice accumulated on the cold plate is difficult to move, so that the fidelity of the ice shape is reduced.
Further, the water supply assembly 30 includes: a water supply pipe 31 and a water amount control valve 32, the water amount control valve 32 being installed on the water supply pipe 31.
In the above scheme, the water amount control valve 32 may be installed at any position of the water supply pipe 31, when the high-temperature water vapor in the cutting pipe 11 is insufficient, the water amount control valve 32 adjusts to increase the amount of water entering the ejector 60, and when the high-temperature water vapor in the cutting pipe 11 is excessive, the amount of water entering the ejector 60 may be decreased by controlling the water amount control valve 32; the water supply amount can be adjusted at any time according to the requirements of the cutting process through the water amount control valve 32, the smooth proceeding of the cutting process is ensured, and the ice shape cutting fidelity is high.
Further, the gas supply assembly 50 includes: the device comprises a gas supply pipe 51, a vortex tube power regulating valve 52, a vortex tube 53, a vortex tube flow distribution regulating valve 54 and a hot gas pipe 55;
the air inlet of the air supply pipe 51 is connected with a high-pressure air source, the air outlet of the air supply pipe 51 is connected with the air inlet of the vortex tube 53, and the vortex tube power regulating valve 52 is installed on the air supply pipe 51;
the cold air outlet of the vortex tube 53 is connected with the air inlet of the cooling assembly 20, and the hot air outlet of the vortex tube 53 is connected with the air inlet of the hot air tube 55;
the air outlet of the hot air pipe 55 is connected with the air inlet of the ejector 60, and the vortex tube flow distribution regulating valve 54 is installed on the hot air pipe 55;
the air inlet, the cold air outlet and the hot air outlet of the vortex tube 53 are communicated with each other.
In the above scheme, one end of the gas supply pipe 51 is connected with the high-pressure gas source, and the other end is connected with the gas inlet of the vortex tube 53, when the high-pressure gas source enters the vortex tube 53 through the gas supply pipe 51, the high-pressure gas source is divided into cold gas and hot gas, the gas supply pipe 51 is also provided with a vortex tube power regulating valve 52, and the amount of the high-pressure gas source entering the vortex tube 53 is regulated through the vortex tube power regulating valve 52; the cold air generated by the vortex tube 53 is used for cooling the ice in the cutting area by the cooling plate 21, the hot air enters the ejector 60 through the hot air tube, and the vortex tube 53 flow distribution adjusting valve is mounted on the hot air tube and used for controlling the size of the hot air entering the cutting tube 11, so that the temperature of the cutting tube 11 is controlled.
Example 2:
this embodiment 2 provides an ice measuring device (not shown in the drawings) comprising a measuring frame, a measuring plate on which the paper is placed, a ruled paper on which the measuring plate and the ice cutter are mounted, and an ice cutter as described in any of embodiment 1, the measuring plate and the ice cutter being movable up and down along the frame, and the measuring plate being located above the ice cutter.
In the scheme, the ice-shaped cutter is slidably mounted on the measuring bracket, the measuring plate is also slidably mounted on the measuring bracket, the measuring plate is mounted above the ice-shaped cutter, and by moving the position of the ice-shaped cutter relative to the measuring bracket, the ice-shaped cutter is firstly moved to one side of the aircraft model to be cut, and then moved along the arc of the part of the aircraft model to be cut and cut until the required ice shape is cut; and then moving the position of the measuring plate on the measuring bracket to the cut ice shape, and measuring the ice shape at the position.
By the measuring device, the shape of the cutting assembly 10 in the ice-shaped cutter is not customized in advance according to the profile of the aircraft model, and the cutting assembly 10 can cut and obtain the ice shapes of different target positions by freely moving in different directions on the measuring bracket. The ice shape measuring device can cut ice shapes at different positions of the aircraft model through the ice shape cutter, and has high ice shape fidelity and wide application range.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 9, the present embodiment 3 provides a method for performing ice shape measurement by using the above-mentioned ice shape measuring apparatus, including the following steps:
step S10: an ice-shaped measuring device as described in example 2 was arranged in a wind tunnel;
step S20: adjusting the height of the ice-shaped cutter relative to the measuring bracket to a target height of the ice-shaped position to be measured;
step S30: horizontally moving the ice-shaped cutter to a target height on one side of the aircraft model, and performing telescopic motion on the ice-shaped cutter along the aircraft model until a gap is cut, stopping moving the ice-shaped cutter, and moving the ice-shaped cutter away from the aircraft model;
step S40: adjusting the height of the measuring plate to be consistent with the height of the ice-shaped cutter during cutting;
step S50: horizontally moving the measuring plate to a cutting gap, and inserting pre-cut check paper with a leading edge profile consistent with an aircraft model into the gap between the accumulated ice at the cutting part and the measuring plate;
step S60: the ice shape at the cutting position was traced on the paper grid using a pen.
In the above scheme, step S10: arranging an ice-shaped measuring device in a suitable position in the wind tunnel; step S20: adjusting the height of the ice-shaped cutter, and moving the ice-shaped cutter to a target height of an ice-shaped position to be measured along the vertical direction of the measuring bracket; step S30: horizontally moving the ice-shaped cutter along the direction vertical to the vertical direction of the measuring bracket and towards the direction close to the aircraft model until the ice-shaped cutter moves to one side of the aircraft model, cutting the ice-shaped cutter along the contour of the surface of the aircraft model until an ice-shaped gap needing to be measured is cut, stopping working of the ice-shaped cutter, and horizontally moving the ice-shaped cutter to an initial state; step S40: adjusting the height of the measuring plate, and moving the measuring plate to a target height position of an ice-shaped position to be measured along the vertical direction of the measuring bracket, namely moving the measuring plate to the height of the ice-shaped cutter during cutting; step S50: horizontally moving the measuring plate to a cutting gap, and inserting pre-cut check paper with a leading edge profile consistent with the aircraft model into the gap between the accumulated ice at the cutting part and the measuring plate until the measuring plate is clamped with the aircraft model; step S60: the ice shape at the cutting position was traced on the paper grid using a pen. The staff uses the pen to draw the outline of the ice shape on the measuring plate; then, if the ice shape of the aircraft model at other positions needs to be measured, the steps S20-S60 are repeated.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ice cutter, comprising: the device comprises a cutting assembly (10), a cooling assembly (20), a water supply assembly (30), a water collecting container (40), an air supply assembly (50) and an ejector (60);
the water outlet of the water supply assembly (30) is connected with the water inlet of the ejector (60), and the water inlet of the water supply assembly (30) is connected with the water outlet of the water collecting container (40);
the air inlet of the air supply assembly (50) is connected with an air source, and the hot air outlet of the air supply assembly (50) is connected with the air inlet of the ejector (60);
the air outlet of the ejector (60) is connected with the inlet of the cutting assembly (10), the outlet of the cutting assembly (10) is connected with the recovery port of the water collecting container (40), and the cutting assembly (10) forms an accommodating cavity;
the water inlet, the air inlet and the air jet of the ejector (60) are communicated with each other;
the cooling assembly (20) is installed in the containing cavity of the cutting assembly (10), and the air inlet of the cooling assembly (20) is connected with the cold air outlet of the air supply assembly (50).
2. The ice cutter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cutting assembly (10) is a cutting tube (11), the cutting tube (11) is arranged in a U-shape, and the front end of the cutting tube (11) is arc-shaped.
3. The ice cutter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cooling assembly (20) is a cooling plate (21), the shape of the cooling plate (21) corresponding to the shape of the receiving cavity formed by the cutting assembly (10).
4. The ice cutter as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cooling plate (21) is of hollow construction.
5. Ice cutter according to any of claims 3 to 4, characterised in that the cooling plate (21) is provided with cooling holes (211) in its upper and/or lower surface.
6. The ice cutter as claimed in claim 5, wherein the surface coating material of the cooling plate (21) is modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
7. The ice cutter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water supply assembly (30) comprises: a water supply pipe (31) and a water amount control valve (32), the water amount control valve (32) being installed on the water supply pipe (31).
8. The ice cutter as set forth in claim 1, wherein the gas supply assembly (50) comprises: the device comprises a gas supply pipe (51), a vortex tube power regulating valve (52), a vortex tube (53), a vortex tube flow distribution regulating valve (54) and a hot gas pipe (55);
the air inlet of the air supply pipe (51) is connected with a high-pressure air source, the air outlet of the air supply pipe (51) is connected with the air inlet of the vortex tube (53), and the vortex tube power regulating valve (52) is installed on the air supply pipe (51);
the cold air outlet of the vortex tube (53) is connected with the air inlet of the cooling assembly (20), and the hot air outlet of the vortex tube (53) is connected with the air inlet of the hot air tube (55);
the air outlet of the hot air pipe (55) is connected with the air inlet of the ejector (60), and the flow distribution regulating valve (54) of the vortex tube is installed on the hot air pipe (55);
and the air inlet, the cold air outlet and the hot air outlet of the vortex tube (53) are communicated with each other.
9. Ice measuring device, comprising a measuring carriage, a measuring plate, a paper grid and an ice cutter according to any of claims 1-8, the paper grid being placed on the measuring plate, the measuring plate and the ice cutter being mounted on the carriage, the measuring plate and the ice cutter being movable up and down the carriage, and the measuring plate being located above the ice cutter.
10. A method of ice measurement using the ice measuring device of claim 9, comprising the steps of:
step S10: disposing the ice measuring device of claim 9 in a wind tunnel;
step S20: adjusting the height of the ice-shaped cutter relative to the measuring bracket to a target height of the ice-shaped position to be measured;
step S30: horizontally moving the ice-shaped cutter to a target height on one side of the aircraft model, and performing telescopic motion on the ice-shaped cutter along the aircraft model until a gap is cut, stopping moving the ice-shaped cutter, and moving the ice-shaped cutter away from the aircraft model;
step S40: adjusting the height of the measuring plate to be consistent with the height of the ice-shaped cutter during cutting;
step S50: horizontally moving the measuring plate to a cutting gap, and inserting pre-cut check paper with a leading edge profile consistent with an aircraft model into the gap between the accumulated ice at the cutting part and the measuring plate;
step S60: the ice shape at the cutting position was traced on the paper grid using a pen.
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