CN113482613B - Preparation method of high-wear-resistance cutting pick with super-hard wear-resistant particles on surface - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-wear-resistance cutting pick with super-hard wear-resistant particles on surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN113482613B CN113482613B CN202110762071.5A CN202110762071A CN113482613B CN 113482613 B CN113482613 B CN 113482613B CN 202110762071 A CN202110762071 A CN 202110762071A CN 113482613 B CN113482613 B CN 113482613B
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
- E21C35/1831—Fixing methods or devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
- E21C35/1835—Chemical composition or specific material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance cutting pick with a surface containing superhard wear-resistant particles, which solves the problems of insufficient wear resistance, high strengthening treatment cost, complex process and the like of the existing cutting pick. The cutting pick comprises a pick body and a hard alloy head, wherein the hard alloy head is welded and fixed at the center of the top end of the pick body, and a hard metallurgical layer is arranged on the part of the outer wall of the pick head, which is 1/3 to 2/3 of the height from top to bottom. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing a tooth blank, preprocessing, coating an organic binder on a tooth head, spraying diamond wear-resistant particles or diamond particles, ceramic particles and metal alloy powder, carrying out vacuum heating to fuse, welding a hard alloy head, and placing the hard alloy head in a quenching liquid to remove stress. The cutting pick has scientific design, reasonable structure, simple and feasible preparation method, less cost increase of the cutting pick, high wear resistance and longer service life which can be prolonged by more than 3 times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining tools, in particular to a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance cutting pick with super-hard wear-resistant particles on the surface.
Background
The cutting pick is a mining tool, can be matched with a coal cutter, a heading machine and the like for use, becomes a vulnerable part with the largest replacement amount in the actual operation of the coal cutter and the heading machine because of complex and severe working environment, and is mainly composed of an alloy steel tooth body and a brazed hard alloy cutting pick head which is welded at one end of the tooth body. When cutting coal and tunneling roadways, the cutting pick is easy to wear and fail in hard alloy cutting pick heads and tooth bodies, fall off of the hard alloy cutting pick heads, break of the cutting pick heads and the tooth bodies, and the like under complex working conditions, so that the number of cutting picks consumed per ten thousand tons of coal is high, the production cost is increased, and the production efficiency of a coal cutter and a tunneling machine is directly influenced. Wherein the pick body is not wear resistant and can also lead to premature removal of a cemented carbide pick head secured to the pick shank end. According to the statistical results of several coal mines, the abrasion failure is the most important failure mode of the cutting pick, and accounts for 75% -90% of the failure modes. At present, the wear resistance of the tooth body is mainly improved by a surfacing technology, a surfacing welding wire is Cr-Mo-W-Ti series or Cr-Mo-W-V series alloy, a surfacing layer formed by the surfacing welding wire is martensite and carbide generally, or a surfacing wear-resistant layer is prepared by cladding WC particles with Ni60 alloy, but the whole hardness of the wear-resistant protection layer is still lower and is basically 52-64 HRC, and the improvement of the wear resistance of the cutting pick is not obvious. Therefore, the simple processing mode is adopted, the wear resistance of the cutting pick is further improved, and the method has very important significance for saving the cost, improving the production efficiency (the production efficiency is reduced when the cutting pick is replaced) and even improving the economic benefit.
Diamond is the hardest material in nature, and cubic boron nitride (cBN) is the superhard material next to diamond, so that the wear-resistant protection of the cutting pick is facilitated by using diamond, cBN and other materials. Chinese patent No. CN200810230597.3 discloses a diamond impregnated cutting pick and its preparation process, the cutting pick is composed of a tooth body, a tooth head and a wing piece on the tooth head, the tooth head is made of one or two materials of diamond mixed material and tungsten carbide; the wing piece is made of one of diamond mixed materials, cubic boron nitride, tungsten carbide or hard alloy materials, the wing piece and the tooth head are integrally formed by hot pressing, are connected with the tooth body, and are subjected to correction and post treatment, so that the whole preparation process is complex, and an additional manufacturing die is needed.
Chinese patent No. CN200920062976.6 discloses a cutting pick, which comprises a cutting pick handle and a cutting pick head connected to the end of the cutting pick handle, wherein the outer surface of the connecting end of the cutting pick handle and the cutting pick head is provided with more than one gauge teeth. The cutting pick head consists of hard alloy and polycrystalline diamond layer compounded on the hard alloy, and a transition layer is arranged between the hard alloy and the polycrystalline diamond layer, wherein the transition layer is a diamond-cobalt gradient transition layer, or a diamond-cBN gradient transition layer, or a diamond-tungsten carbide-cobalt gradient transition layer. The gauge teeth are diamond-carbide composite buttons, diamond-carbide flat teeth, carbide teeth or a combination of the above teeth. The novel cutting pick also has the problem of complex preparation process, and a technical scheme is not given how to connect the gauge teeth to the cutting pick head.
Chinese patent No. 200810030935.9 discloses a method for manufacturing a diamond composite cutting pick head and a diamond composite cutting pick head, the cutting pick is integrally made of cemented carbide, a hexahedral press is used for high-temperature pressing diamond and metal mixed materials to form a layer of polycrystalline diamond at the cutting pick head to improve wear resistance, special equipment, a die and post-treatment are required, the cost of the cutting pick is increased too much, in addition, the cemented carbide is used as a pick body, the impact resistance is poor, the working condition requirements of coal mining or tunneling cannot be met, and the performances of the cemented carbide and the pressed diamond can be reduced in the high-temperature pressing process.
In general, the existing method improves the wear resistance of the cutting pick by increasing the content of hard alloy in the pick body and preparing a diamond wear-resistant layer on the pick head, but the content of the two materials can greatly improve the cost of the cutting pick, reduce the shock resistance of the cutting pick, and the manufacturing process is complex. Therefore, the invention adopts a simple treatment mode, and uses diamond, cBN and other materials for the wear-resistant protection of the cutting pick, thereby further improving the wear resistance of the cutting pick, saving the cost and improving the production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance cutting pick with superhard wear-resistant particles on the surface.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a high wear-resistant cutting pick with a surface containing superhard wear-resistant particles comprises a cutting pick body and a hard alloy head; the tooth body comprises a tooth handle, a tooth root and a tooth head which are integrally formed from bottom to top, the hard alloy head is welded and fixed at the center of the top end of the tooth head, and the hard alloy head, the tooth root and the tooth handle are positioned on the same axis; the part of the outer wall of the tooth head with the height of 1/3 to 2/3 from top to bottom is provided with a hard metallurgical layer which is prepared from diamond wear-resistant particles and metal alloy powder or prepared from mixed particles of the diamond wear-resistant particles and ceramic particles and the metal alloy powder;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
a: and (3) primary processing: blanking and forging a tooth body, machining to form an external contour, and degreasing and sand blasting the surface of a tooth body blank;
b: powder fixation: coating an organic binder on the surface of the tooth head, sequentially and uniformly spraying diamond wear-resistant particles and metal alloy powder or mixed particles of the diamond wear-resistant particles and ceramic particles and the metal alloy powder on the surface, and standing for 5-30min to solidify the binder;
c: high temperature fusion: heating the tooth body in vacuum heating equipment to melt diamond wear-resistant particles or mixed particles of diamond wear-resistant particles and ceramic particles and metal alloy powder with the tooth head, and cooling the tooth body along with a furnace to form a hard metallurgical layer containing the wear-resistant particles on the tooth head;
d: welding and post-treating the hard alloy head: and (3) opening a welding blind hole at the top of the tooth head, sequentially filling welding flux, placing the hard alloy head, brazing the hard alloy head and the tooth head together through rapid heating, then placing the formed cutting tooth in quenching liquid, quenching by using welding waste heat, and finally tempering the cutting tooth to remove stress.
Further, in the tooth body of the cutting tooth, the tooth handle and the tooth root are cylindrical, the tooth head is a round table, the diameter of the tooth root is larger than that of the tooth handle and that of the large round surface of the tooth head, and arc transition is adopted between the tooth head and the tooth root.
Further, the exposed height of the diamond wear-resistant particles and the ceramic particles in the hard metallurgical layer is 1/2-1/5 of the length of the diamond wear-resistant particles and the ceramic particles.
Further, the particle size of the diamond wear-resistant particles and the ceramic particles is 30-120 meshes, and the ceramic particles are c-BN and Al 2 O 3 、SiC、SI 3 N 4 One or more of the metal alloy powder in any proportion is NiCr alloy powder.
Further, in the step C of the preparation method, the heat preservation temperature of vacuum heating is 950-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-20min.
Further, in step B of the preparation method, the volume ratio between the diamond wear-resistant particles or the mixed particles of the diamond wear-resistant particles and the ceramic particles and the metal alloy powder is 2:1-1:5.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1) Compared with the prior art, the wear-resistant performance of the cutting pick is improved by cladding the hard metallurgical layer containing diamond wear-resistant particles or the mixed particles of the diamond wear-resistant particles and the ceramic particles on the part, which is close to the top of the pick head, of 1/3 to 2/3 of the part, the wear-resistant layer can effectively provide effective protection for the pick body of the cutting pick, meanwhile, the phenomenon that the hard alloy head falls off due to insufficient wear resistance of the pick body is improved, the technical scheme is simple and easy to implement, the cost of the cutting pick is increased less, and the service life of the cutting pick can be prolonged by more than 3 times. 2) The tooth body still adopts the steel with better original impact resistance, and the subsequent heat treatment is needed after the hard alloy is welded on the original tooth body. The welding step of the hard alloy head is positioned at the rear of the high-temperature fusion step, so that the influence of high-temperature treatment on the hard alloy can be effectively reduced. 3) The diamond, cBN and other superhard particles are discretely distributed in the Ni-Cr alloy layer after being melted at high temperature, the hard metallurgical layer can effectively resist impact force in the coal mining or tunneling process, better effect than that of polycrystalline diamond is achieved, in addition, the diamond wear-resistant particles are exposed on the surface layer of the hard metallurgical layer, sharpness of a cutting pick can be improved, and working efficiency of the cutting pick is improved. 4) The optimal solution of the comprehensive performance of the cutting pick can be realized by adjusting the proportion between the superhard particles such as diamond, ceramic particles and the like and the metal alloy powder, so that the cutting pick is beneficial to chip removal, the wear resistance is fully exerted, the diamond is strongly held, and certain impact resistance is ensured.
The cutting pick has scientific design and reasonable structure, the technical scheme of the preparation method is simple and feasible, the cost of the cutting pick is less increased, and the service life of the cutting pick can be prolonged by more than 3 times.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a three-dimensional structure of a pick according to example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a pick according to example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the process of making a pick according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the three-dimensional structure of picks according to examples 2 and 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a pick according to embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-hard alloy head, 2-tooth handle, 3-tooth root, 4-tooth head, 5-hard metallurgical layer, 6-diamond wear-resistant particles and 7-ceramic particles.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will be made to the following description of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
Example 1
A method for preparing a high-wear-resistance cutting pick with super-hard wear-resistant particles on the surface, the structure of the cutting pick is shown in figures 1 and 2, and the cutting pick comprises a pick body and a hard alloy head 1; the tooth body includes from bottom to top integrated into one piece's tooth handle 2, tooth root 3 and tooth head 4, and tooth handle 2 and tooth root 3 are the cylinder, and tooth head 4 is the round platform, and the diameter of tooth root 3 is greater than the diameter of tooth handle 2 and the diameter of the big circular surface of tooth head 4, and the big circular surface end of tooth head 4 is connected with tooth root 3 and adopts the circular arc excessively between the two. The part of the outer wall of the tooth head 4 with the height of 1/3 from top to bottom is clad with a hard metallurgical layer 5, the hard metallurgical layer 5 is prepared by mixing diamond wear-resistant particles 6 and metal alloy powder, the granularity of the diamond wear-resistant particles 6 is 80 meshes, the metal alloy powder is NiCr alloy powder, and the height of the diamond wear-resistant particles 6 exposed outside the hard metallurgical layer 5 is 1/5 of the length of the diamond wear-resistant particles 6. A welding blind hole is formed in the center of the top end of the tooth head 4, the hard alloy head 1 is welded and fixed in the welding blind hole, and the hard alloy head 1, the tooth head 4, the tooth root 3 and the tooth handle 1 are all located on the same axis.
The preparation process is schematically shown in fig. 3, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
a: and (3) primary processing: blanking and forging a tooth body, machining to form an external contour, and degreasing and sand blasting the surface of a tooth body blank;
b: powder fixation: coating an organic binder on the surface of the tooth head 4, sequentially and uniformly spraying diamond wear-resistant particles 6 and metal alloy powder on the surface, and standing for 18min to solidify the binder; wherein, the volume ratio between the diamond wear-resistant particles 6 and the metal alloy powder is 1:1;
c: high temperature fusion: heating the tooth body in vacuum heating equipment to fuse diamond wear-resistant particles 6 and metal alloy powder with the tooth head 4, wherein the vacuum heating temperature is 950 ℃ and the vacuum heating time is 20min, and forming a hard metallurgical layer 5 containing the wear-resistant particles on the tooth head 4 after cooling along with a furnace;
d: welding and post-treatment of the hard alloy head 1: and (3) opening a welding blind hole at the top of the tooth head 4, sequentially filling welding flux, placing the hard alloy head 1, brazing the hard alloy head 1 and the tooth head 4 together through rapid heating, placing the formed cutting tooth in quenching liquid, quenching by using welding waste heat, and finally tempering the cutting tooth to remove stress.
Example 2
A preparation method of a high wear-resistant cutting pick with superhard wear-resistant particles on the surface, the structure of the cutting pick is shown in figures 4 and 5, and the cutting pick comprises a pick body and a hard alloy head 1; the tooth body includes from bottom to top integrated into one piece's tooth handle 2, tooth root 3 and tooth head 4, and tooth handle 2 and tooth root 3 are the cylinder, and tooth head 4 is the round platform, and the diameter of tooth root 3 is greater than the diameter of tooth handle 2 and the diameter of the big circular surface of tooth head 4, and the big circular surface end of tooth head 4 is connected with tooth root 3 and adopts the circular arc excessively between the two. The part of the outer wall of the tooth head 4 with the height of 2/3 from top to bottom is clad with a hard metallurgical layer 5, the hard metallurgical layer 5 is prepared by mixing diamond wear-resistant particles 6, ceramic particles 7 and metal alloy powder, the particle size of the diamond wear-resistant particles 6 and the ceramic particles 7 is 30 meshes, the ceramic particles 7 are c-BN, the metal alloy powder is NiCr alloy powder, and the height of the diamond wear-resistant particles 6 and the ceramic particles 7 exposed outside the hard metallurgical layer 5 is 1/2 of the respective length. A welding blind hole is formed in the center of the top end of the tooth head 4, the hard alloy head 1 is welded and fixed in a welding groove, and the hard alloy head 1, the tooth head 4, the tooth root 3 and the tooth handle 2 are all located on the same axis.
The preparation process is schematically shown in fig. 3, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
a: and (3) primary processing: blanking and forging a tooth body, machining to form an external contour, and degreasing and sand blasting the surface of a tooth body blank;
b: powder fixation: coating an organic binder on the surface of the tooth head 4, sequentially and uniformly spraying diamond wear-resistant particles 6, ceramic particles 7 and metal alloy powder on the surface, standing for 5min, and curing the binder; wherein, the volume ratio between the whole of the diamond wear-resistant particles 6 and the ceramic particles 7 and the metal alloy powder is 2:1;
c: high temperature fusion: heating the tooth body in vacuum heating equipment to fuse diamond wear-resistant particles 6, ceramic particles 7 and metal alloy powder with the tooth head 4, wherein the heat preservation temperature of the vacuum heating is 1100 ℃, the heat preservation time is 12min, and a hard metallurgical layer 5 containing the wear-resistant particles is formed on the tooth head 4 after cooling along with a furnace;
d: welding and post-treatment of the hard alloy head 1: and (3) opening a welding blind hole at the top of the tooth head 4, sequentially filling welding flux, placing the hard alloy head 1, brazing the hard alloy head 1 and the tooth head 4 together through rapid heating, placing the formed cutting tooth in quenching liquid, quenching by using welding waste heat, and finally tempering the cutting tooth to remove stress.
Example 3
A preparation method of a high wear-resistant cutting pick with superhard wear-resistant particles on the surface, the structure of the cutting pick is shown in figures 4 and 5, and the cutting pick comprises a pick body and a hard alloy head 1; the tooth body includes from bottom to top integrated into one piece's tooth handle 2, tooth root 3 and tooth head 4, and tooth handle 2 and tooth root 3 are the cylinder, and tooth head 4 is the round platform, and the diameter of tooth root 3 is greater than the diameter of tooth handle 2 and the diameter of the big circular surface of tooth head 4, and the big circular surface end of tooth head 4 is connected with tooth root 3 and adopts the circular arc excessively between the two. The part of the outer wall of the tooth head 4 with the height of 1/2 from top to bottom is clad with a hard metallurgical layer 5, the hard metallurgical layer 5 is prepared by mixing diamond wear-resistant particles 6, ceramic particles 7 and metal alloy powder, the particle size of the diamond wear-resistant particles 6 and the ceramic particles 7 is 120 meshes, the ceramic particles 7 are SiC, the metal alloy powder is NiCr alloy powder, and the height of the diamond wear-resistant particles 6 and the ceramic particles 7 exposed outside the hard metallurgical layer 5 is 2/5 of the respective lengths. A welding blind hole is formed in the center of the top end of the tooth head 4, the hard alloy head 1 is welded and fixed in a welding groove, and the hard alloy head 1, the tooth head 4, the tooth root 3 and the tooth handle 2 are all located on the same axis.
The preparation process is schematically shown in fig. 3, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
a: and (3) primary processing: blanking and forging a tooth body, machining to form an external contour, and degreasing and sand blasting the surface of a tooth body blank;
b: powder fixation: coating an organic binder on the surface of the tooth head 4, sequentially and uniformly spraying diamond wear-resistant particles 6, ceramic particles 7 and metal alloy powder on the surface, standing for 30min, and curing the binder; wherein, the volume ratio between the whole of the diamond wear-resistant particles 6 and the ceramic particles 7 and the metal alloy powder is 1:10;
c: high temperature fusion: heating the tooth body in vacuum heating equipment to fuse diamond wear-resistant particles 6, ceramic particles 7 and metal alloy powder with the tooth head 4, wherein the heat preservation temperature of vacuum heating is 1050 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3min, and a hard metallurgical layer 5 containing wear-resistant particles is formed on the tooth head 4 after cooling along with a furnace;
d: welding and post-treatment of the hard alloy head 1: and (3) opening a welding blind hole at the top of the tooth head 4, sequentially filling welding flux, placing the hard alloy head 1, brazing the hard alloy head 1 and the tooth head 4 together through rapid heating, placing the formed cutting tooth in quenching liquid, quenching by using welding waste heat, and finally tempering the cutting tooth to remove stress.
The foregoing has been a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of embodiments of the present invention, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a high-wear-resistance cutting pick with a surface containing superhard wear-resistant particles is characterized by comprising the following steps: the cutting pick comprises a pick body and a hard alloy head; the tooth body comprises a tooth handle, a tooth root and a tooth head which are integrally formed from bottom to top, the hard alloy head is welded and fixed at the center of the top end of the tooth head, and the hard alloy head, the tooth root and the tooth handle are positioned on the same axis; the part of the outer wall of the tooth head with the height of 1/3 to 2/3 from top to bottom is provided with a hard metallurgical layer which is prepared from diamond wear-resistant particles and metal alloy powder or prepared from mixed particles of the diamond wear-resistant particles and ceramic particles and the metal alloy powder; the exposed height of the diamond wear-resistant particles and the ceramic particles in the hard metallurgical layer is 1/2-1/5 of the length of the diamond wear-resistant particles and the ceramic particles; the particle size of the diamond wear-resistant particles and the ceramic particles is 30-120 meshes, and the ceramic particles are c-BN and Al 2 O 3 、SiC、SI 3 N 4 One or more of the metal alloy powder in any proportion is NiCr alloy powder;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
a: and (3) primary processing: blanking and forging a tooth body, machining to form an external contour, and degreasing and sand blasting the surface of a tooth body blank;
b: powder fixation: coating an organic binder on the surface of the tooth head, sequentially and uniformly spraying diamond wear-resistant particles and metal alloy powder or mixed particles of the diamond wear-resistant particles and ceramic particles and the metal alloy powder on the surface, and standing for 5-30min to solidify the binder;
c: high temperature fusion: heating the tooth body in vacuum heating equipment to melt diamond wear-resistant particles or mixed particles of diamond wear-resistant particles and ceramic particles and metal alloy powder with the tooth head, and cooling the tooth body along with a furnace to form a hard metallurgical layer containing the wear-resistant particles on the tooth head;
d: welding and post-treating the hard alloy head: and (3) opening a welding blind hole at the top of the tooth head, sequentially filling welding flux, placing the hard alloy head, brazing the hard alloy head and the tooth head together through rapid heating, then placing the formed cutting tooth in quenching liquid, quenching by using welding waste heat, and finally tempering the cutting tooth to remove stress.
2. The method for producing a high wear resistant pick having superhard wear resistant particles on a surface thereof according to claim 1, wherein: the tooth handle and the tooth root are cylindrical, the tooth head is round, the diameter of the tooth root is larger than that of the tooth handle and the diameter of the big round surface of the tooth head, and arc transition is adopted between the tooth head and the tooth root.
3. The method for producing a high wear pick having superhard wear resistant particles on the surface thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step C of the preparation method, the heat preservation temperature of vacuum heating is 950-1100 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 3-20min.
4. The method for producing a high wear pick having superhard wear resistant particles on the surface thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step B of the preparation method, the volume ratio of the diamond wear-resistant particles or the mixed particles of the diamond wear-resistant particles and the ceramic particles to the metal alloy powder is 2:1-1:10.
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| CN114774907A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-22 | 太原理工大学 | Preparation method of nano diamond particle enhanced wear-resistant coating on titanium alloy surface |
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