CN113481438A - Hot galvanizing high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ and smelting method thereof - Google Patents
Hot galvanizing high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ and smelting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/0406—Moulds with special profile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
- B22D11/182—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by measuring temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hot-dip galvanized high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ and a smelting method thereof, belonging to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy. The hot galvanizing high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.06-0.08% of C, 0.07-0.13% of Si, 1.50-1.60% of Mn1, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.003% of S, 0.040-0.050% of Nb, 0.025-0.035% of Ti, 0.2-0.3% of Cr, 0.015-0.050% of Als and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The 590BQ of the hot galvanizing high-strength low alloy steel is controlled by processes of converter smelting, LF refining and continuous casting, so that the cleanliness of molten steel can be effectively improved, the longitudinal crack proportion of the corner of a casting blank is reduced, the smelting rate of the 590BQ of the hot galvanizing high-strength low alloy steel is improved to more than 95% from less than 80% in the early stage, and the problem of low smelting rate of the 590BQ of the hot galvanizing high-strength low alloy steel smelted in the prior art can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to hot-dip galvanized high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ and a smelting method thereof.
Background
With the progress of science and technology, the requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction become stricter and the use of high-strength steel tends to be mainstream. Compared with the traditional continuous annealing product, the high-strength low-alloy steel has the advantages of high strength, good plasticity, good formability and the like, and is suitable for structural components with high strength requirements of automobiles.
Patent CN102199723A of 28.9.2011 discloses a high-strength cold-rolled hot-dip galvanized precipitation-strengthened steel and a manufacturing method thereof, and the yield strength of the obtained steel plate is 500-600MPa, which is lower than that of the present patent application by one strength level.
Patent CN103789608A of 5, 14.2014 discloses a cold-base high-strength galvanized plate for a structure and a production method thereof, relating to a steel plate with yield strength more than or equal to 600MPa, and in order to obtain the steel plate, the steel plate is controlled by adopting higher C content: 0.18 to 0.25%, which is unfavorable for the welding property.
Patent CN104831207A on 8/12/2015 discloses a production method of thin 600 MPa-level hot-dip galvanized sheet, in order to obtain the steel sheet, an extremely low annealing temperature is adopted: 535 and 545 ℃ is only suitable for thin products with the thickness of 0.4-0.5 mm.
The existing hot galvanizing low alloy steel is usually designed by adopting low-carbon, high-manganese, niobium and titanium components, so that good plasticity and formability are ensured, but strict requirements on the quality of a mother material are also provided while the performance of the hot galvanizing low alloy steel is ensured, and firstly, cleanliness and secondly, the quality of a casting blank are controlled. The smelting rate of high-strength low-alloy steel smelted in the prior art is lower (less than 80%), mainly because the cleanliness of molten steel is poor, the nitrogen content often exceeds the standard, the inclusion degradation rate of a cold-rolled coil is up to more than 10%, and the longitudinal cracking proportion of the corner of a casting blank is high, so that the yield of rolled products is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of low smelting rate of the high-strength low-alloy steel for smelting hot-dip galvanized steel in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the hot-dip galvanized high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.06-0.08% of C, 0.07-0.13% of Si, 1.50-1.60% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.003% of S, 0.040-0.050% of Nb, 0.025-0.035% of Ti, 0.2-0.3% of Cr, 0.015-0.050% of Als and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The smelting method of the hot galvanizing high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ comprises the following steps:
a. a converter smelting process: controlling the [ S ] in molten steel entering a converter to be less than or equal to 0.002%, and the [ C ] in the molten steel at the end point of the converter to be 0.02-0.04%, adding active lime in the tapping process, and adding a calcium top slag modifier to a slag surface after tapping is finished, wherein the chemical components of the calcium top slag modifier comprise 230-50% of CaC, 310-30% of Al2O, 20-40% of CaO, 28-15% of CaF, less than or equal to 0.2% of S, less than or equal to 0.1% of P, and the balance of inevitable impurities;
and b, LF refining: controlling the chemical components of the molten steel to be 0.06-0.08% of C, 0.07-0.13% of Si, 1.50-1.60% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.03-0.04% of Ti, 0.03-0.055% of Als, 0.040-0.050% of Nb, 0.23-0.27% of Cr and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and carrying out soft blowing by using argon before the molten steel is discharged;
c. and (3) continuous casting process: controlling the superheat degree of the molten steel in the continuous casting tundish to be 20-35 ℃, adopting a chamfering crystallizer, applying soft reduction and pulling speed to be 0.9-1.2 m/min.
In the step a, the adding amount of the active lime is 1000 +/-50 kg per furnace, and the adding amount of the furnace calcium series top slag modifier is 600 +/-50 kg per furnace.
In the step b, the soft blowing time of argon is more than or equal to 10min, and the argon flow is based on that the molten steel is turned over and is not exposed.
In the step c, constant-speed pouring is adopted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the chemical components adopted by the invention have lower Si content, so that the surface quality of the coating can be ensured; the high Mn content can improve the strength; the strength stability is ensured by higher Ti content (reasonable and stable control of surplus); cr is added to improve hardenability and ensure the stability of the structure; in the invention, Ti, Als and the like are elements easy to burn out, so the burning out amount is considered during LF refining control. The invention does not contain rare metals such as niobium and the like, and reduces the production cost while ensuring the performance. The chemical components of the high-strength low-alloy steel adopted by the invention are matched with the smelting process, so that the content of impurities in the steel can be reduced, and the cleanliness of the steel can be improved.
The invention adopts lime and modifier with higher adding amount, the invention adopts calcium carbide as the reducing component of the modifier, and the deoxidation product generated by the reaction of the calcium carbide and oxygen is gas (CO or CO)2) The molten steel cannot enter to form inclusions; meanwhile, the calcium carbide is easy to foam, submerged arc heating and air isolation are facilitated, and the secondary oxidation and nitrogen absorption degree is reduced; and thirdly, compared with deoxidation materials such as aluminum, the calcium carbide is lower in price and beneficial to cost control. Meanwhile, Al is added into the modifier2O3It is favorable for regulating steel ladle slag component to make it be in low melting point region, and can raise inclusion adsorption capacity and reduce steel slag fluorite addition quantity]Can be stabilized within 15 ppm.
The low superheat degree is beneficial to controlling the segregation of the casting blank, but the low superheat degree can lead to the solidification of cold steel or no pouring of the molten steel; the high degree of superheat is beneficial to floating removal of inclusions in the continuous casting process, but is unfavorable for casting blank segregation, so that the degree of superheat is controlled to be 20-35 ℃, and a better casting blank segregation effect can be achieved. The high-strength steel is easy to have longitudinal cracks at the corners of the casting blank, the proportion is about 1 percent, and therefore the yield of rolled products is low, the chamfer crystallizer is adopted in the continuous casting process, the longitudinal cracks at the corners of the casting blank can be reduced, and the longitudinal crack proportion at the corners of the casting blank can be reduced to be within 0.1 percent after the chamfer crystallizer is applied. Meanwhile, the invention also adopts soft reduction, controls the pulling speed to be 0.9-1.2m/min, can effectively improve the internal quality of the casting blank, and reduces the defects of segregation, porosity and the like.
The invention provides a group of hot galvanizing high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ and a smelting method thereof, which can effectively improve the cleanliness of molten steel, reduce the longitudinal crack proportion of casting blank corners and improve the smelting rate of the hot galvanizing high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ from less than 80% in the early stage to more than 95%.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention can be specifically implemented as follows.
The hot-dip galvanized high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.06-0.08% of C, 0.07-0.13% of Si, 1.50-1.60% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.003% of S, 0.040-0.050% of Nb, 0.025-0.035% of Ti, 0.2-0.3% of Cr, 0.015-0.050% of Als and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The smelting method of the hot galvanizing high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ comprises the following steps:
a. a converter smelting process: controlling the converter to enter molten steel]Not more than 0.002%, and [ C ] in the molten steel at the end point of the converter]0.02-0.04 percent of steel tapping process, adding active lime in the steel tapping process, adding a calcium top slag modifier to the slag surface after the steel tapping process is finished, wherein the chemical component of the furnace calcium top slag modifier is CaC230-50％，Al2O310-30％，CaO 20-40％，CaF28-15%, S is less than or equal to 0.2, P is less than or equal to 0.1, and the balance is inevitable impurities;
and b, LF refining: controlling the chemical components of the molten steel to be 0.06-0.08% of C, 0.07-0.13% of Si, 1.50-1.60% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.03-0.04% of Ti, 0.03-0.055% of Als, 0.040-0.050% of Nb, 0.23-0.27% of Cr and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and carrying out soft blowing by using argon before the molten steel is discharged;
c. and (3) continuous casting process: controlling the superheat degree of the molten steel in the continuous casting tundish to be 20-35 ℃, adopting a chamfering crystallizer, applying soft reduction and pulling speed to be 0.9-1.2 m/min.
In order to reduce the desulfurization task of the LF refining process, reduce the nitrogen degree in the air absorbed in the desulfurization refining process, simultaneously provide the production efficiency and shorten the desulfurization time, in the step a, the [ S ] in the molten steel fed into the converter is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.002%.
And (b) controlling the content of [ C ] in the molten steel at the end point of the converter to be 0.02-0.04% in the step a because the carbon requirement of the finished product is met, and the oxygen content in the steel is higher to avoid the deep blowing of the converter, so that the consumption of deoxidized alloy is increased, the cost is increased, and the cleanliness of the molten steel is reduced to avoid the increase of deoxidized products.
Because the steel grade of the invention has high strength and higher requirement on the steel quality, in order to prevent the reduction of the rephosphorization degree due to resulfurization when slag washing is carried out, the adding amount of the active lime in the step a is preferably 1000 +/-50 kg/furnace; in order to reduce the oxidability of the ladle slag, prevent resulfurization and improve the adsorption effect of the steel slag on inclusions, it is preferable that the addition amount of the furnace calcium-based top slag modifier in the step a is 600 +/-50 kg/furnace. The addition of active lime and furnace calcium series top slag modifier can also play a role in heat preservation.
In order to remove the inclusions in the molten steel better, it is preferable that in the step b, the argon soft blowing time is not less than 8min, and the argon flow is based on that the molten steel is turned over and is not exposed.
For better control of the internal quality of the cast strand, it is therefore preferred that in step c, a constant rate of casting is used.
The technical solution and effects of the present invention will be further described below by way of practical examples.
Examples
The invention provides a group of embodiments for smelting hot-dip galvanized high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ by adopting the method.
The semisteel after being extracted with water, vanadium and desulfurized contains, by weight, 3.41% of C, 0.041% of Mn, 0.062% of P, 0.002% of S, 0.04% of V, trace amounts of Cr, Si and Ti, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The specific smelting steps are as follows:
(1) 234.1 tons of the above-mentioned semi-steel were charged into a 220-ton (nominal capacity) top-bottom combined blown converter, and the above-mentioned semi-steel was preliminarily refined into molten steel by utilizing the function of oxygen decarburization conducted in the top-bottom combined blown converter. When the molten steel is primarily refined to the temperature of 1676 ℃, tapping from the thick slag to a ladle, wherein the C content is 0.033 wt%, the Mn content is 0.038 wt%, the P content is 0.0069 wt%, and the S content is 0.0043 wt%; 1050Kg of active lime is added in the tapping process, and 550Kg of calcium top slag modifier is added after tapping is finished;
(2) fine adjustment of alloy components in the LF process, wherein chemical components after fine adjustment are shown in table 1, soft blowing is carried out for 11min by adopting small argon flow before LF molten steel is discharged, the molten steel is not exposed after being turned over in the soft blowing process, and the outlet temperature is controlled to be 1587 ℃;
TABLE 1 post-fine-tuning composition/% of LF alloy
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Nb | Ti | Als | Cr |
| 0.065 | 0.09 | 1.55 | 0.011 | 0.001 | 0.048 | 0.035 | 0.046 | 0.24 |
(3) Controlling the superheat degree of the molten steel in the continuous casting to be 30 ℃, adopting a chamfering crystallizer, putting the molten steel under light pressure, and pulling at the speed of 1.1 m/min.
The chemical components of the finished hot-galvanized high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ are inspected, and the chemical components of the steel are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Final ingredient/%)
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Nb | Ti | Cr | Als |
| 0.07 | 0.09 | 1.55 | 0.012 | 0.0008 | 0.048 | 0.028 | 0.24 | 0.039 |
The hot-dip galvanized high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ prepared by the method has the yield strength of 550-650MPa, the tensile strength of 610-750MPa and the elongation rate of more than or equal to 15; the smelting rate of 590BQ for smelting hot-dip galvanized high-strength low-alloy steel by adopting the method is improved to 98 percent from 88 percent in the early stage.
Claims (5)
1. The hot-dip galvanized high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.06-0.08% of C, 0.07-0.13% of Si, 1.50-1.60% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.003% of S, 0.040-0.050% of Nb, 0.025-0.035% of Ti, 0.2-0.3% of Cr, 0.015-0.050% of Als and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The smelting method of hot galvanizing high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. a converter smelting process: controlling the converter to enter molten steel]Not more than 0.002%, and [ C ] in the molten steel at the end point of the converter]0.02-0.04 percent of steel tapping process, adding active lime in the steel tapping process, adding a calcium top slag modifier to the slag surface after the steel tapping process is finished, wherein the chemical component of the furnace calcium top slag modifier is CaC230-50％，Al2O310-30％，CaO 20-40％，CaF28-15%, S is less than or equal to 0.2, P is less than or equal to 0.1, and the balance is inevitable impurities;
and b, LF refining: controlling the chemical components of the molten steel to be 0.06-0.08% of C, 0.07-0.13% of Si, 1.50-1.60% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.03-0.04% of Ti, 0.03-0.055% of Als, 0.040-0.050% of Nb, 0.23-0.27% of Cr and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and carrying out soft blowing by using argon before the molten steel is discharged;
c. and (3) continuous casting process: controlling the superheat degree of the molten steel in the continuous casting tundish to be 20-35 ℃, adopting a chamfering crystallizer, applying soft reduction and pulling speed to be 0.9-1.2 m/min.
3. The smelting method of hot-dip galvanized high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ, according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in the step a, the adding amount of the active lime is 1000 plus or minus 50 kg/furnace, and the adding amount of the furnace calcium series top slag modifier is 600 plus or minus 50 kg/furnace.
4. The smelting method of hot-dip galvanized high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ, according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in the step b, the soft blowing time of argon is more than or equal to 10min, and the argon flow is based on that the molten steel is turned over and is not exposed.
5. The smelting method of hot-dip galvanized high-strength low-alloy steel 590BQ, according to claim 2, is characterized in that: and c, adopting constant-speed pouring.
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| 中国金属学会，中国钢铁工业协会编著: "《2011-2020年中国钢铁工业科学与技术发展指南 关键技术说明》", 30 September 2015, 冶金工业出版社 * |
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