CN113478264B - Special machine tool for boring rear axle housing - Google Patents
Special machine tool for boring rear axle housing Download PDFInfo
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- CN113478264B CN113478264B CN202110835149.1A CN202110835149A CN113478264B CN 113478264 B CN113478264 B CN 113478264B CN 202110835149 A CN202110835149 A CN 202110835149A CN 113478264 B CN113478264 B CN 113478264B
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- floating disc
- axle housing
- machine tool
- centering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/08—Protective coverings for parts of machine tools; Splash guards
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/18—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for positioning only
- B23Q3/183—Centering devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rear axle housing boring special machine tool, which comprises a machine tool body and a clamp, wherein the clamp comprises a middle positioning mechanism and centering clamping mechanisms, the middle positioning mechanism is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the machine tool body and used for positioning lute holes of a rear axle housing, the centering clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the middle positioning mechanism, the middle positioning mechanism comprises a clamp body and a floating disc arranged on the clamp body, and a centering tensioning mechanism is arranged in the floating disc; according to the invention, the two ends of the rear axle housing are clamped through the V-shaped blocks of the centering and clamping mechanism, so that the axial positioning is carried out, and the positioning error generated by the machining error of the excircle of the two end shafts is eliminated; the inner part of the lute hole is tensioned by the centering tensioning mechanism, the processing error of the lute hole is eliminated, the end face of the lute hole is supported by a support nail on the floating disc, and the support nail floats along with the floating disc, so that the processing error of the end face of the lute hole is eliminated; the rear axle housing is accurately positioned and clamped, and a bearing hole of a bored axle tube is guaranteed to be concentric with an outer circle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a machine tool special for boring a rear axle housing.
Background
The rear axle, it is the rear drive axle component who indicates vehicle power transmission, it constitutes the rear axle by two half-bridges, can implement half-bridge differential motion, simultaneously, it is also the device that is used for supporting the wheel and connects the rear wheel, current rear axle housing boring lathe mainly fixes a position with V type piece, then use hydraulic fixture to carry out the clamp of rear axle housing both ends bridge tube, both ends carry out the bore hole processing, because the deviation of bridge tube self size, cause the location inaccuracy easily, lead to the axiality error and the axial symmetry error of rear axle housing both ends bridge tube, the machining precision can't guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose is as follows: the invention discloses a special rear axle housing boring machine tool which can eliminate the positioning errors of lute holes and axle tubes and ensure that axle tube bearing holes and an excircle are concentric, aiming at the defects of large positioning errors and low machining precision of the existing rear axle housing machining tool.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a rear axle housing boring special machine tool comprises a machine tool body and a clamp, wherein the clamp comprises a middle positioning mechanism and centering clamping mechanisms, the middle positioning mechanism is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the machine tool body and used for positioning lute holes of a rear axle housing, the centering clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the middle positioning mechanism, a first sliding table is arranged below each centering clamping mechanism, and each centering clamping mechanism is connected with a first saddle of the first sliding table and slides along the first sliding table; the power head is arranged on the outer side of each of the two groups of centering and clamping mechanisms, the power end of the power head and the centering and clamping mechanisms are positioned on the same axis, a numerical control sliding table used for driving the power head to slide along the axis direction is arranged below the power head, and the power head is connected with a saddle of the numerical control sliding table;
the middle positioning mechanism comprises a clamp body and a floating disc arranged on the clamp body, a guide sleeve is arranged at the center of the bottom of the floating disc, a lifting hole used for the guide sleeve to move up and down is formed in the clamp body, a supporting rod assembly used for driving the floating disc to float up and down is arranged on the periphery of the guide sleeve on the lower surface of the floating disc, the supporting rod assembly comprises a supporting rod, a cushion block and a spring, the top of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the floating disc, the bottom of the supporting rod penetrates through the clamp body and is located in a cavity formed in the clamp body, and the supporting rod assembly is locked by a nut screwed on the end of the supporting rod; the spring is sleeved on the supporting rod and positioned between the floating disc and the upper surface of the clamp body, the cushion block is sleeved on the supporting rod and positioned at the lower part of the spring, and the nut is rotated to adjust the moving value of the floating disc; and a centering tensioning mechanism for fixing the inner ring of the lute hole is arranged at the upper part of the floating disc.
Preferably, the floating disc of the invention adopts a hollow structure, a central hole is arranged in the center, the centering and tensioning mechanism comprises an ejector rod and a first positioning block which are horizontally arranged, one end of the ejector rod is positioned in the central hole, the other end of the ejector rod penetrates through the floating disc and then is connected with the first positioning block, a dovetail seat for driving the ejector rod to move along the horizontal direction is arranged in the central hole, the end with larger diameter of the dovetail seat is upward, and the end part of the ejector rod is in sliding connection with the side surface of the dovetail seat in a matching way; the bottom of the dovetail seat is provided with a first oil cylinder for driving the dovetail seat to move up and down in the central hole, and the first oil cylinder is fixed below the floating disc through an oil cylinder mounting plate.
Preferably, the floating disc of the invention is provided with an annular boss used for being connected with the support rod assembly, the lower surface of the annular boss is provided with a plurality of groups of guide rods used for assisting the floating disc to lift, the tops of the guide rods are inserted into the annular boss and fixed by fastening screws, the bottoms of the guide rods are inserted into the clamp body, and the clamp body is provided with guide holes used for the guide rods to move up and down.
Preferably, the upper surface of the annular boss is uniformly distributed with support nails for supporting the end face of the lute hole, and the bottoms of the support nails are fixedly connected with the annular boss.
Preferably, the centering and clamping mechanism comprises a support, the support is fixed on a first saddle, a first slide block and a second slide block are symmetrically arranged on the support, first V-shaped plates are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the first slide block and the second slide block, one sides of openings of the two first V-shaped plates are oppositely arranged, and second positioning blocks are respectively arranged on the plate surfaces of the first V-shaped plates which form an included angle; the sliding direction of the first sliding block and the sliding direction of the second sliding block are perpendicular to the sliding direction of the support, sliding chutes used for the first sliding block and the second sliding block to slide are formed in the support, and a driving mechanism used for driving the first sliding block and the second sliding block to slide is arranged below the sliding chutes of the support.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a second oil cylinder arranged in parallel to the sliding direction of the first slider, the second oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the support through a flange, a connecting plate is arranged at the bottom of the first slider, the connecting plate is sleeved on a piston rod of the second oil cylinder, a limiting shaft shoulder is arranged on one side, facing the second oil cylinder, of the connecting plate of the piston rod, a rack shaft is in threaded connection with the other side of the connecting plate of the piston rod, and the end part of the rack shaft and the limiting shaft shoulder clamp the connecting plate; be equipped with first drive gear between the bottom of second slider and rack shaft, first drive gear bottom and the epaxial tooth engagement of rack are equipped with first rack in the bottom of second slider, and first rack is connected with the upper portion of first drive gear, along with the removal of piston rod, drives first slider and the relative or back of the body removal of second slider, carries out the clamp of rear-axle housing bridge pipe or unclamps.
Preferably, an axial adjusting mechanism for driving the first sliding saddle to move is arranged in the first sliding table, the axial adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating shaft perpendicular to the moving direction of the sliding saddle, the rotating shaft penetrates through the lower part of the first sliding saddle, a second transmission gear is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a second rack which is meshed with gear teeth of the second transmission gear and used for transmission is arranged at the bottom of the first sliding saddle; the two ends of the rotating shaft are sleeved with deep groove ball bearings which are fixed through bearing end covers, and one end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the bearing end cover and then is connected with an external power source.
Preferably, a gap adjusting mechanism is arranged between the sliding seat and the first sliding saddle of the first sliding table, the gap adjusting mechanism comprises an insert and an insert adjusting block which are positioned on the upper surface of the sliding seat of the first sliding table, an adjusting screw and an adjusting pin are arranged below the insert adjusting block, the adjusting screw is fixed on the first sliding table along a direction perpendicular to the side surface of the first sliding table, the lower portion of the adjusting pin is sleeved on the adjusting screw, the upper portion of the adjusting pin is inserted into the insert adjusting block, and adjusting nuts for driving the adjusting pin to move are arranged on the adjusting screw on two sides of the lower portion of the adjusting pin.
Preferably, a pre-positioning mechanism for pre-positioning before clamping the rear axle housing is arranged between the centering and clamping mechanism and the middle positioning mechanism, the pre-positioning mechanism comprises a support and a second V-shaped plate, the opening of the second V-shaped plate is upward, and the bottom of the second V-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the first saddle through the support.
Preferably, a cutter of the power head is connected with the main shaft through BT, a fully-closed protective cover is arranged on the machine tool during boring, and an oil mist collector is arranged at the top of the protective cover; on one side of the machine tool there are also provided pneumatic, lubricating, control, hydraulic and cooling components for assisting the operation of the machine tool.
Has the advantages that: the machine tool special for boring the rear axle housing provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the floating disc of the middle positioning mechanism can float up and down along the clamp body through the supporting rod assembly, the supporting nail is always kept in contact with the end face of the lute hole when the end face of the lute hole has deviation, and angular positioning errors of the end face of the lute hole are eliminated.
2. The centering tensioning mechanism is arranged in the floating disc, the ejector rod and the first positioning block are driven to move through the dovetail groove, the inner ring of the lute hole is tightly pushed, the influence of errors in the processing size of the lute hole on positioning can be eliminated, and the tensioning mechanism can also keep tensioning when the diameter size of the lute hole changes during the shape changing of a rear axle housing.
3. According to the centering and clamping mechanism, the first V-shaped blocks arranged on the first sliding block and the second sliding block which slide relatively are used for clamping, so that the influence of the excircle size error of the bridge pipe on positioning can be eliminated, the concentric fixation in the bridge pipe at two ends of the lute hole is always kept, and the coaxiality of the boring hole is ensured.
4. The axial adjusting mechanism is arranged in the first sliding table, the first sliding saddle is driven to move through the rotating shaft and the second transmission gear, the axial position of the centering and clamping mechanism is adjusted, and the rear axle housing machining requirements of different specifications are met.
5. The invention applies the composite processing technology, processes the rear axle housing after fixing, integrates the procedures of processing by a plurality of single devices on one machine tool to complete, reduces the times of repeated installation and positioning, avoids repeated positioning errors, greatly improves the production efficiency, and has the production takt less than or equal to 120 seconds per piece. The high-efficiency and multi-variety processing requirements of the parts are met, and the method is suitable for mass production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of the clamp of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the intermediate positioning mechanism of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the centering and clamping mechanism of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a radial cross-sectional view of the centering clamping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a view of the gap adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
wherein, 1-a foundation screw, 2-a lathe bed, 3-a first adjusting pad, 4-a numerical control sliding table, 5-a power head, 6-a centering clamping mechanism, 7-a middle positioning mechanism, 8-a protective cover, 9-an oil mist collector, 10-a pneumatic component, 11-a lubricating component, 12-a control component, 13-a hydraulic component, 14-a cooling component, 15-a first sliding table, 16-a first saddle, 17-a first adjusting pad, 18-a clamp body, 19-a floating disc, 20-a guide sleeve, 21-a supporting rod, 22-a cushion block, 23-a spring, 24-a cavity, 25-a nut, 26-a centering tensioning mechanism, 27-a central hole, 28-an ejector rod, 29-a first positioning block, 30-a swallowtail seat, 31-a first oil cylinder, 32-an oil cylinder mounting plate, 33-an annular boss, 34-a guide rod, 35-a guide hole, 36-a support nail, 37-a support, 38-a first sliding block, 39-a second sliding block, 40-a first V-shaped plate, 41-a second positioning block, 42-a second oil cylinder, 43-a connecting plate, 44-a piston rod, 45-a limiting shaft shoulder, 46-a rack shaft, 47-a first transmission gear, 48-a first rack, 49-a rotating shaft, 50-a second transmission gear, 51-a second rack, 52-a deep groove ball bearing, 53-a bearing end cover, 54-an inlaid strip, 55-an inlaid strip adjusting block, 56-an adjusting screw, 57-an adjusting pin, 58-an adjusting nut, 59-a support, 60-a second V-shaped plate, 61-a first dust cover, 62-a second dust cover, 63-a pressure plate, 64-a second adjusting cushion, 65-a transmission shaft, 66-a fixed end cover and 67-a guide sleeve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be more clearly and completely described below by way of a preferred embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, without thereby limiting the scope of the invention to the described embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the special machine tool for boring the rear axle housing disclosed by the invention comprises a machine tool body 2 and a clamp, wherein the bottom of the machine tool body 2 is supported by a foundation screw 1; the clamp comprises a middle positioning mechanism 7 which is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the lathe bed 2 and used for positioning lute holes of the rear axle housing, and centering clamping mechanisms 6 which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the middle positioning mechanism 7, wherein a first sliding table 15 is arranged below the centering clamping mechanism 6, and the centering clamping mechanism 6 is connected with a first saddle 16 of the first sliding table 15 and slides along the first sliding table 15; and the outer sides of the two groups of centering and clamping mechanisms are respectively provided with a power head 5, the power end of the power head 5 and the centering and clamping mechanism 6 are positioned on the same axis, a numerical control sliding table 4 for driving the power head 5 to slide along the axis direction is arranged below the power head 5, and the power head 5 is connected with a saddle of the numerical control sliding table 4.
BT connection is carried out between a cutter of the power head 5 and the main shaft, the cutter is sampled and is combined with the cutter, the boring of bearing holes at two ends of the rear axle housing is completed, the end faces of the bearing holes are scraped, and the inner circle and the outer circle are chamfered; a fully-closed protective cover 8 is arranged on the machine tool during boring, and an oil mist collector 9 is arranged at the top of the protective cover 8; the pneumatic component 10, the lubricating component 11, the control component 12, the hydraulic component 13 and the cooling component 14 are arranged on one side of the machine tool, the cooling component 14 consists of a water tank, a water pump, a chip cleaner, a waste material box and a cooling pipeline, when in machining, cooling liquid is opened, the lubricating cutter is cooled, chips are discharged into the chip cleaner, and the chips are discharged into the waste material box by the chip cleaner. Chips which are difficult to discharge are discharged into the magnetic chip cleaner by the spiral chip cleaner arranged on the two sides of the lathe bed, and cooling liquid enters the water pump again after being filtered by the water tank to circularly work; the hydraulic component 13 provides power for each oil cylinder on the machine tool, the lubricating component 11 lubricates the guide rail on the sliding table periodically, and the control component controls the machine tool to execute according to the designated action.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a pre-positioning mechanism for pre-positioning before clamping the rear axle housing is arranged between the centering and clamping mechanism 6 and the middle positioning mechanism 7, the pre-positioning mechanism comprises a bracket 59 and a second V-shaped plate 60, the second V-shaped plate 60 has an upward opening, and the bottom of the second V-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the first saddle 16 through the bracket 59; the middle positioning mechanism 7 comprises a clamp body 18 and a floating disc 19 arranged on the clamp body, a guide sleeve 20 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the floating disc 19, a lifting hole used for the guide sleeve to move up and down is formed in the clamp body 18, supporting rod assemblies used for driving the floating disc to float up and down are arranged on the periphery of the guide sleeve on the lower surface of the floating disc 19, each supporting rod assembly comprises a supporting rod 21, a cushion block 22 and a spring 23, the top of each supporting rod 21 is fixedly connected with the floating disc 19, the bottom of each supporting rod penetrates through the clamp body 18 and then is located in a cavity 24 formed in the clamp body, and the supporting rods are locked by nuts 25 screwed at the end parts; the spring 23 is sleeved on the support rod 21 and is positioned between the floating disc 19 and the upper surface of the clamp body 18, the cushion block 22 is sleeved on the support rod 21 and is positioned at the lower part of the spring 23, and the moving value of the floating disc 19 is adjusted by rotating the nut 25; when the two ends of the rear axle housing are clamped, the axes at the two ends are ensured to have no deformation in the vertical direction.
The floating disc 19 is provided with an annular boss 33 used for being connected with a support rod assembly, the lower surface of the annular boss 33 is provided with a plurality of groups of guide rods 34 used for assisting the floating disc 19 to lift, the tops of the guide rods 34 are inserted into the annular boss 33 and fixed by fastening screws, the bottom of the guide rods 34 are inserted into the clamp body 18, the clamp body 18 is provided with guide holes 35 used for enabling the guide rods 34 to move up and down, supporting nails 36 used for supporting lute hole end faces are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the annular boss 33, and the bottoms of the supporting nails 36 are fixedly connected with the annular boss 33.
The upper part of the floating disc 19 is provided with a centering and tensioning mechanism 26 for fixing the inner ring of the lute hole, the floating disc 19 adopts a hollow structure, the center of the floating disc is provided with a central hole 27, the centering and tensioning mechanism 26 comprises a push rod 28 and a first positioning block 29 which are horizontally arranged, one end of the push rod 28 is positioned in the central hole 27, the other end of the push rod 28 penetrates through the floating disc 19 and then is connected with the first positioning block 29, a dovetail seat 30 for driving the push rod 28 to move along the horizontal direction is arranged in the central hole 27, the larger end of the dovetail seat 30 is upward, and the end part of the push rod 28 is matched and slidably connected with the side surface of the dovetail seat 30; a first oil cylinder 31 for driving the dovetail seat to move up and down in the central hole is arranged at the bottom of the dovetail seat 30, and the first oil cylinder 31 is fixed below the floating disc 19 through an oil cylinder mounting plate 32; the first oil cylinder 31 drives the dovetail seat 30 to move downwards, the side face of the dovetail seat pushes the ejector rod to move radially, the first positioning block 29 is driven to tighten the lute hole, and the top and the side face of the floating disc 19 are respectively provided with a first dust cover 61 and a second dust cover 62 at the openings.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the centering and clamping mechanism 6 of the present invention includes a support 37, the support 37 is fixed on the first saddle 16, a second adjusting pad 64 is disposed between the support 37 and the first saddle 16, a first slider 38 and a second slider 39 are symmetrically disposed on the support 37, a first V-shaped plate 40 is disposed on the surface of the first slider 38 opposite to the surface of the second slider 39, one side of the opening of the two first V-shaped plates 40 is disposed opposite to the other side, and a second positioning block 41 is disposed on the plate surface of the first V-shaped plate 40 forming an included angle; the sliding direction of the first sliding block 38 and the second sliding block 39 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the support 37, the support 37 is provided with a sliding groove for the first sliding block 38 and the second sliding block 39 to slide, and a driving mechanism for driving the first sliding block 38 and the second sliding block 39 to slide is arranged below the sliding groove of the support 37.
The driving mechanism comprises a second oil cylinder 42 arranged in parallel with the sliding direction of the first slider, the second oil cylinder 42 is fixedly connected with the support 37 through a flange, a connecting plate 43 is arranged at the bottom of the first slider 38, the connecting plate 43 is sleeved on a piston rod 44 of the second oil cylinder 42, a limiting shaft shoulder 45 is arranged on one side, facing the second oil cylinder, of the connecting plate 43 of the piston rod 44, a rack shaft 46 is in threaded connection with the other side of the connecting plate of the piston rod 44, and the end part of the rack shaft 46 and the limiting shaft shoulder 45 clamp the connecting plate 43; a first transmission gear 47 is arranged between the bottom of the second sliding block 39 and the rack shaft 46, the bottom of the first transmission gear 47 is meshed with gear teeth on the rack shaft 46, and a guide sleeve 67 for guiding is concentrically sleeved outside the rack shaft 46; a transmission shaft 65 penetrates through the center of the first transmission gear 47, and fixed end covers 66 are arranged at two ends of the transmission shaft of the support 37; a first rack 48 is arranged at the bottom of the second sliding block 39, the first rack 48 is connected with the upper part of the first transmission gear 47, and the first sliding block 38 and the second sliding block 39 are driven to move oppositely or oppositely along with the movement of the piston rod 44 to clamp or release the axle tube of the rear axle housing; first slider 38 and second slider 39 all adopt the cross section to be protruding type structural design, and the one end of broad is downwards, and the spout matches with the shape of slider broad one end, is equipped with clamp plate 63 at the spout top, and the lower part of slider is injectd in the spout through clamp plate 63, prevents that the slider from deviating from.
An axial adjusting mechanism for driving a first sliding saddle 16 to move is arranged in a first sliding table 15, the axial adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating shaft 49 perpendicular to the moving direction of the sliding saddle, the rotating shaft 49 penetrates through the lower part of the first sliding saddle 16, a second transmission gear 50 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 49, and a second rack 51 which is meshed with the gear teeth of the second transmission gear 50 and used for transmission is arranged at the bottom of the first sliding saddle 16; the two ends of the rotating shaft 49 are sleeved with deep groove ball bearings 52, the deep groove ball bearings 52 are fixed through bearing end covers 53, one end of the rotating shaft 49 penetrates through the bearing end cover and then is connected with an external power source, when the variety is changed, the rotating shaft 49 is rotated, the position of the first sliding saddle on the first sliding table 15 can be adjusted through the gear rack mechanism until the centering and clamping mechanism is located at the excircle locating position, and then the driving mechanism drives the sliding block to clamp.
As shown in fig. 7, a gap adjusting mechanism is provided between the sliding seat of the first sliding table 15 and the first saddle 16, the gap adjusting mechanism includes a gib 54 and a gib adjusting block 55 which are located on the upper surface of the sliding seat of the first sliding table 15, an adjusting screw 56 and an adjusting pin 57 are provided below the gib adjusting block 55, the adjusting screw 56 is fixed on the first sliding table along the direction perpendicular to the side surface of the first sliding table, the lower part of the adjusting pin 57 is sleeved on the adjusting screw 56, the upper part is inserted into the gib adjusting block 55, the adjusting screw 56 is provided with adjusting nuts 58 for driving the adjusting pin to move on both sides of the lower part of the adjusting pin 57, the adjusting screw 57 is moved on the adjusting screw 56 by rotating the adjusting nut 58, the gib adjusting block 55 is driven to push the gib 54, and the gap between the sliding seat of the first sliding table 16 and the first sliding seat 15 is adjusted.
When the machine tool special for boring the rear axle housing is used, the rear axle housing is firstly placed into the pre-positioning mechanism, then the first saddle 16 is driven to move through the rotating shaft 49, the second transmission gear 50 and the second rack 51 of the axial adjusting mechanism, the axial positions of the centering and clamping mechanisms are adjusted to correspond to the size of the rear axle housing to be machined, then the heights of the two centering and clamping mechanisms are adjusted to be consistent through the second adjusting pad 63, and the distance of the support rod 21 is adjusted through the nut 25, so that the support nail 36 is in contact with the end face of the lute hole; the rear axle housing which is positioned by the pre-positioning mechanism is placed on a clamp, a piston rod 44 is pushed by a second oil cylinder 42 to drive a first slider 38 to slide, a rack shaft 46, a first transmission gear 47 and a first rack 48 drive a second slider 39 to synchronously slide, axle tubes at two ends of the rear axle housing are coaxially clamped, lute holes are tensioned by a centering tensioning mechanism 26 to realize axial positioning of lute holes of the rear axle housing, the support nails 36 tightly press the lute hole end faces, errors generated by end face machining are compensated by springs 23, and the lute hole end faces are positioned angularly; and then closing the door, starting the machine tool, driving the power head to rotate, driving the power head to move by the numerical control sliding table, boring holes at two ends of the rear axle housing, scraping end faces of the holes, chamfering inner and outer angles, and finishing the processing content of the working procedure.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The rear axle housing boring special machine tool is characterized by comprising a machine tool body (2) and a clamp, wherein the clamp comprises a middle positioning mechanism (7) which is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the machine tool body and used for positioning lute holes of a rear axle housing, and centering clamping mechanisms (6) which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the middle positioning mechanism (7), a first sliding table (15) is arranged below each centering clamping mechanism (6), and each centering clamping mechanism (6) is connected with a first sliding saddle (16) of the first sliding table (15) and slides along the first sliding table (15); a power head (5) is arranged on the outer side of each of the two groups of centering and clamping mechanisms, the power end of the power head (5) and the centering and clamping mechanism (6) are positioned on the same axis, a numerical control sliding table (4) used for driving the power head (5) to slide along the axis direction is arranged below the power head (5), and the power head (5) is connected with a sliding saddle of the numerical control sliding table (4);
the middle positioning mechanism (7) comprises a clamp body (18) and a floating disc (19) arranged on the clamp body, a guide sleeve (20) is arranged at the center of the bottom of the floating disc (19), a lifting hole used for the guide sleeve to move up and down is formed in the clamp body (18), supporting rod assemblies used for driving the floating disc to float up and down are arranged on the periphery of the guide sleeve on the lower surface of the floating disc (19), each supporting rod assembly comprises a supporting rod (21), a cushion block (22) and a spring (23), the top of each supporting rod (21) is fixedly connected with the floating disc (19), the bottom of each supporting rod assembly penetrates through the clamp body (18) and then is located in a cavity (24) formed in the clamp body, and the supporting rod assemblies are locked through nuts (25) screwed at the end parts; the spring (23) is sleeved on the supporting rod (21) and positioned between the floating disc (19) and the upper surface of the clamp body (18), the cushion block (22) is sleeved on the supporting rod (21) and positioned at the lower part of the spring (23), and the moving value of the floating disc (19) is adjusted by rotating the nut (25); a centering tensioning mechanism (26) for fixing the inner ring of the lute hole is arranged at the upper part of the floating disc (19);
the centering and clamping mechanism (6) comprises a support (37), the support (37) is fixed on the first saddle (16), a first sliding block (38) and a second sliding block (39) are symmetrically arranged on the support (37), first V-shaped plates (40) are arranged on the surfaces, opposite to the first sliding block (38) and the second sliding block (39), of the openings of the two first V-shaped plates (40) are oppositely arranged, and second positioning blocks (41) are respectively arranged on the surfaces, included angles are formed between the first V-shaped plates (40); the sliding directions of the first sliding block (38) and the second sliding block (39) are vertical to the sliding direction of the support (37), a sliding groove used for the first sliding block (38) and the second sliding block (39) to slide is formed in the support (37), and a driving mechanism used for driving the first sliding block (38) and the second sliding block (39) to slide is arranged below the sliding groove of the support (37);
an axial adjusting mechanism used for driving the first sliding saddle (16) to move is arranged in the first sliding table (15), the axial adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating shaft (49) perpendicular to the moving direction of the sliding saddle, the rotating shaft (49) penetrates through the lower portion of the first sliding saddle (16), a second transmission gear (50) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (49), and a second rack (51) meshed with gear teeth of the second transmission gear (50) and used for transmission is arranged at the bottom of the first sliding saddle (16); two ends of the rotating shaft (49) are sleeved with deep groove ball bearings (52), the deep groove ball bearings (52) are fixed through bearing end covers (53), and one end of the rotating shaft (49) penetrates through the end bearing covers and then is connected with an external power source;
the floating disc (19) is provided with an annular boss (33) used for being connected with a supporting rod assembly, the lower surface of the annular boss (33) is provided with a plurality of groups of guide rods (34) used for assisting the floating disc (19) to lift, the tops of the guide rods (34) are inserted into the annular boss (33) and fixed by fastening screws, the bottoms of the guide rods (34) are inserted into the clamp body (18), and the clamp body (18) is provided with guide holes (35) used for the guide rods (34) to move up and down; supporting nails (36) used for supporting the end faces of the lute holes are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the annular boss (33), and the bottom of each supporting nail (36) is fixedly connected with the annular boss (33).
2. The machine tool special for boring the rear axle housing is characterized in that the floating disc (19) is of a hollow structure, a central hole (27) is formed in the center of the floating disc, the centering and tensioning mechanism (26) comprises a push rod (28) and a first positioning block (29), the push rod (28) is horizontally arranged, one end of the push rod (28) is located in the central hole (27), the other end of the push rod (28) penetrates through the floating disc (19) and then is connected with the first positioning block (29), a dovetail seat (30) used for driving the push rod (28) to move in the horizontal direction is arranged in the central hole (27), the end with the larger diameter of the dovetail seat (30) faces upwards, and the end part of the push rod (28) is in matched sliding connection with the side face of the dovetail seat (30); a first oil cylinder (31) for driving the dovetail seat to move up and down in the central hole is arranged at the bottom of the dovetail seat (30), and the first oil cylinder (31) is fixed below the floating disc (19) through an oil cylinder mounting plate (32).
3. The machine tool special for boring the rear axle housing is characterized in that the driving mechanism comprises a second oil cylinder (42) arranged in parallel to the sliding direction of the first sliding block, the second oil cylinder (42) is fixedly connected with a support (37) through a flange, a connecting plate (43) is arranged at the bottom of the first sliding block (38), the connecting plate (43) is sleeved on a piston rod (44) of the second oil cylinder (42), a limiting shaft shoulder (45) is arranged on one side, facing the second oil cylinder, of the connecting plate (43) of the piston rod (44), a rack shaft (46) is in threaded connection with the other side of the connecting plate of the piston rod (44), and the end part of the rack shaft (46) and the limiting shaft shoulder (45) clamp the connecting plate (43); be equipped with first transmission gear (47) between the bottom of second slider (39) and rack shaft (46), the teeth of a cogwheel meshing on first transmission gear (47) bottom and rack shaft (46), be equipped with first rack (48) in the bottom of second slider (39), first rack (48) are connected with the upper portion of first transmission gear (47), along with the removal of piston rod (44), drive first slider (38) and second slider (39) and move relatively or back and forth, carry out the clamp of rear-axle housing bridge pipe or unclamp.
4. A machine tool special for boring a rear axle housing as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gap adjusting mechanism is arranged between a sliding seat of the first sliding table (15) and the first sliding seat (16), the gap adjusting mechanism comprises a panel (54) and a panel adjusting block (55) which are arranged on the upper surface of the sliding seat of the first sliding table, an adjusting screw (56) and an adjusting pin (57) are arranged below the panel adjusting block (55), the adjusting screw (56) is fixed on the first sliding table along a direction perpendicular to the side surface of the first sliding table, the lower portion of the adjusting pin (57) is sleeved on the adjusting screw (56), the upper portion of the adjusting screw is inserted into the panel adjusting block (55), and adjusting nuts (58) used for driving the adjusting pin to move are arranged on two sides of the lower portion of the adjusting pin (57) of the adjusting screw (56).
5. A special boring machine for a rear axle housing as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pre-positioning mechanism for pre-positioning before clamping the rear axle housing is arranged between the centering and clamping mechanism (6) and the middle positioning mechanism (7), the pre-positioning mechanism comprises a bracket (59) and a second V-shaped plate (60), the second V-shaped plate (60) is opened upwards, and the bottom of the second V-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the first saddle (16) through the bracket (59).
6. The machine tool special for boring the rear axle housing is characterized in that a tool of the power head (5) is connected with a main shaft BT, a protective cover (8) which is fully closed in boring is arranged on the machine tool, and an oil mist collector (9) is arranged at the top of the protective cover (8); on one side of the machine tool, a pneumatic component (10), a lubricating component (11), a control component (12), a hydraulic component (13) and a cooling component (14) are also arranged for assisting the operation of the machine tool.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110835149.1A CN113478264B (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Special machine tool for boring rear axle housing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110835149.1A CN113478264B (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Special machine tool for boring rear axle housing |
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| CN113478264A CN113478264A (en) | 2021-10-08 |
| CN113478264B true CN113478264B (en) | 2022-06-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110835149.1A Active CN113478264B (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Special machine tool for boring rear axle housing |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114393431B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-04-25 | 南京工程学院 | Three-face multi-shaft drilling fixture for welding axle housing, machine tool and drilling method |
| CN115255999B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2024-05-10 | 伟本智能机电（上海）股份有限公司 | Axle housing centering correcting unit |
| CN115971893A (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-04-18 | 泰州神舟传动科技有限公司 | Axle assembly manufacturing and processing equipment |
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|---|---|
| CN113478264A (en) | 2021-10-08 |
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