CN113478227A - Automatic and accurate nut screwing device and using method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses automatic and accurate nut screwing equipment and a using method thereof, wherein the equipment comprises a bolt feeding and clamping mechanism, a nut assembling mechanism, a spring pad assembling mechanism, a flat washer assembling mechanism and a workbench, the bolt feeding and clamping mechanism comprises a screw feeding component and a screw clamping component, the screw feeding component comprises a vibration feeding disc, a material guide pipeline and a mounting frame, the vibration feeding disc is mounted on the mounting frame, the mounting frame is arranged on one side of the workbench, and the nut assembling mechanism, the spring pad assembling mechanism and the flat washer assembling mechanism are all mounted on the workbench.

Description

Automatic and accurate nut screwing device and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nut assembly, in particular to automatic and accurate nut screwing equipment and a using method thereof.

Background

At present, in the traditional mechanical manufacturing process, the assembly work of the bolt, the washer on the stud and the nut is mostly finished by manpower, namely, the actual production rate can only be determined by the manpower, the labor cost is high, and the labor amount of workers is large. With the development of technology, in the mechanical manufacturing, the labor intensity of the part manufacturing is lower than that of the assembly, that is, if the conventional manual assembly method is still selected, the assembly work production ratio is inevitably reduced compared with the mechanical manufacturing. The productivity is a bottleneck due to the increase of labor, and the labor cost cannot be reduced, so that the enterprises urgently need to solve the problems through automatic assembly production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and provides automatic and accurate nut screwing equipment and a using method thereof, which can replace the original assembly line production process mainly based on manpower, ensure the production efficiency and improve the productivity of enterprises.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides an automatic accurate nut equipment of adorning soon, it includes that the bolt feeds into clamping machine structure, nut assembly devices, spring pad assembly devices, plain washer assembly devices, workstation, the bolt feeds into clamping machine structure and includes that the screw rod feeds into subassembly and screw rod clamping subassembly, the screw rod feeds into the subassembly including vibrations pay-off dish, guide pipeline and mounting bracket, vibrations pay-off dish is installed in the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket sets up in workstation one side, nut assembly devices, spring pad assembly devices, plain washer assembly devices all install in the workstation.

Further, the screw rod clamping component comprises a support frame, a feeding cylinder and pneumatic flat tongs, the support frame is installed on the surface of the workbench, the feeding cylinder is installed at the upper end of the support frame, one end of the material guide pipeline is connected with the vibration feeding disc, the other end of the material guide pipeline is connected with the feeding cylinder, the pneumatic flat tongs are installed on the surface of the workbench and located on one side of the support frame, a limiting sensor and a limiting pin cylinder are installed on the inner side of the support frame, and the limiting pin cylinder is connected with the pneumatic flat tongs.

Further, nut assembly devices includes servo motor slip table and nut release mechanism, install spacing sensor and lower spacing sensor on the vertical section of servo motor slip table respectively, nut release mechanism installs in servo motor slip table below, servo motor is installed outside the vertical section of servo motor slip table, the nut sleeve is connected to the servo motor output, nut sleeve and the sleeve direction slide rail sliding connection who installs at servo motor slip table lateral wall.

Further, spring pad assembly devices is including pushing away a ware fixed block, cylinder mount pad and sliding mounting frame, sliding mounting frame installs on the workstation, the cylinder mount pad is installed in sliding mounting frame, install on the cylinder mount pad and pick up first cylinder, push away a ware fixed block and install in sliding mounting frame, just push away a ware fixed block and install in picking up first cylinder below, push away an ware fixed block down end-face mounting and push away a ware, push away a ware lower extreme installation spring packing ring taper type and pick up the head, spring packing ring taper type picks up first below installation spring packing ring ejecting mechanism.

Further, plain washer assembly devices is including picking up first fixed block, mounting bracket and siding track slip table cylinder, siding track slip table cylinder is installed in the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket is installed in the workstation, it installs in siding track slip table cylinder below to pick up the first fixed block, it picks up the head to pick up first fixed block lower extreme installation plain washer negative pressure, plain washer negative pressure picks up first below installation plain washer ejecting mechanism.

Furthermore, a servo motor and a rotary table are installed on the upper end face of the workbench, an output shaft of the servo motor is in transmission connection with the rotary table, four groups of pneumatic flat tongs are installed on the upper end face of the rotary table, an emergency stop button is installed on one side of the workbench, and a power box is installed inside the workbench.

The invention also provides a use method of the automatic and accurate nut screwing equipment, which comprises the following steps:

A. directly pouring the screw into a vibration disc, automatically feeding the screw into a material guide pipeline in sequence after the vibration disc is started, clamping the screw by using a limiting pin cylinder, feeding the screw downwards by using the cylinder to reach the jaw position of the pneumatic flat tongs, clamping the screw by using the pneumatic flat tongs, feeding the screw into the cylinder to return, and completing clamping;

B. when the station is switched by the multi-station turntable, if a sensor on the screw clamping station detects that the assembly on the screw is finished, the pneumatic flat tongs are opened, the assembled screw falls into a material box below the workbench from a lower hole, and then a new screw is clamped for assembly; if the sensor detects that the screw rod does not finish all assembly, the pneumatic flat tongs continuously clamp, and continue to assemble in the next step until the assembly is finished;

C. the nuts are sequentially fed and arranged into the feeding groove by the vibrating disc and are pushed out by the pushing-out mechanism, the nut sleeve is driven by the servo motor sliding table to move, the nuts are magnetically picked up in the sleeve, and when an assembly station is required to move below a nut assembly station from the multi-station rotary table, the nut is picked up by the sleeve and then the servo motor sliding table acts and is accurately positioned by the limit sensor, so that nut assembly is realized;

D. when the to-be-assembled station rotates to the position below the spring washer assembling station, the servo motor sliding table is matched with the limit sensor to drive the pickup head to move, when the pickup head moves to the position above the spring washer, the pickup head cylinder moves downwards to press the conical pickup head into the center hole of the spring washer, the point ring can be clamped on the pickup head due to the elasticity of the spring washer, then the servo motor sliding table is matched with the limit sensor to move the spring washer to the position above the to-be-assembled screw rod, the side rail sliding table cylinder drives the ejector fixing block to drive the recommender to move downwards, the recommender pushes the spring washer down from the conical pickup head and is sleeved on the screw rod to complete assembly;

E. when the flat gasket needs to be picked up and assembled, the pushing mechanism pushes the flat gasket out singly, the servo motor sliding table is matched with the limiting sensor to move accurately, the side rail sliding table cylinder moves downwards, when the picking head presses the flat gasket, the vacuum pump works to form negative pressure, the flat gasket is adsorbed on the picking head, the servo motor sliding table and the limiting sensor are matched to move above a screw rod to be assembled, the sliding table cylinder moves downwards, the negative pressure is cut off, and the flat gasket falls and is assembled on the screw rod to complete assembly.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention has novel structural design, high degree of automation and intelligence, stable working state and easy operation, can replace the original production line process mainly based on manpower, ensures the production efficiency and improves the productivity of enterprises. The device can meet the enterprise requirements and has good practicability and popularization; through PLC programmable control, each logic action of automatic assembly is realized, and automation and intellectualization are embodied; the nut screwing position is accurately controlled through the rotation angle of the servo motor, and the accuracy is reflected. The automatic feeding device mainly comprises a flat washer assembling part, a spring washer assembling part, a nut screwing part, a bolt feeding and clamping part, a workbench and a multi-station automatic rotary table, wherein the logical actions of all the parts are controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller), the positioning is realized by using a limit sensor, the movement of the parts is realized by using a servo motor sliding table and a cylinder, the automatic feeding is realized by using a vibration feeding disc, and the multi-station automatic rotary table is mainly used for realizing the conversion among all the assembling stations, so that the flow line production is realized, and the efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a nut assembly mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the spring washer assembly mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a flat washer assembly mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a workbench according to the present invention;

wherein, 1, a workbench; 2. vibrating the feed tray; 3. a material guide pipeline; 4. a mounting frame; 5. a support frame; 6, feeding into a cylinder; 7. pneumatic flat tongs; 8. a limit sensor; 9. a limit pin cylinder; 10. a servo motor sliding table; 11. a nut pushing mechanism; 12. an upper limit sensor; 13. a lower limit sensor; 14. a servo motor; 15. a nut socket; 16. the sleeve guides the slide rail; 17. a pushing device fixing block; 18. a cylinder mounting seat; 19. a sliding mount; 20. a pickup head cylinder; 21. a workpiece pushing device; 22. a spring washer cone pickup head; 23. a spring washer push-out mechanism; 24. a pick-up head fixing block; 25. a mounting frame; 26. a side rail sliding table cylinder; 27. a flat washer negative pressure pick-up head; 28. a flat washer push-out mechanism; 29. a servo motor; 30. a turntable; 31. an emergency stop button; 32. a power supply box.

Detailed Description

In order that the present invention may be more readily and clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-5, in the present embodiment, an automatic and precise nut screwing device is provided, which is composed of a bolt feeding and clamping mechanism, a nut assembling mechanism, a spring pad assembling mechanism, a flat washer assembling mechanism and a workbench 1, wherein the bolt feeding and clamping mechanism includes a screw feeding component and a screw clamping component, the screw feeding component includes a vibration feeding disc 2, a material guiding pipe 3 and a mounting frame 4, the vibration feeding disc 2 is mounted on the mounting frame 4, the mounting frame 4 is disposed at one side of the workbench 1, the screw clamping component includes a supporting frame 5, a feeding cylinder 6 and a pneumatic flat tongs 7, the supporting frame 5 is mounted on the surface of the workbench 1, the feeding cylinder 6 is mounted at the upper end of the supporting frame 5, one end of the material guiding pipe 3 is connected with the vibration feeding disc 2, the other end is connected with the feeding cylinder 6, the pneumatic flat tongs 7 is mounted on the surface of the workbench 1 and is located at one side of the supporting frame 5, a limit sensor 8 and a limit pin cylinder 9 are arranged on the inner side of the support frame 5, and the limit pin cylinder 9 is connected with a pneumatic flat tongs 7; the nut assembling mechanism, the spring pad assembling mechanism and the flat washer assembling mechanism are all installed on the workbench 1.

Specifically, the nut assembling mechanism in this embodiment includes a servo motor sliding table 10 and a nut push-out mechanism 11, an upper limit sensor 12 and a lower limit sensor 13 are respectively installed on a longitudinal section of the servo motor sliding table 10, the nut push-out mechanism 11 is installed below the servo motor sliding table 10, a servo motor 14 is installed outside the longitudinal section of the servo motor sliding table 10, an output end of the servo motor 14 is connected with a nut sleeve 15, and the nut sleeve 15 is slidably connected with a sleeve guide slide rail 16 installed on an outer side wall of the servo motor sliding table 10. The nut feeding part realizes automatic feeding by the vibration disc and is singly pushed out by the push-out mechanism; the nut picking assembly part is precisely moved by the servo motor sliding table, the limit sensor is precisely positioned, and the servo motor corner is precisely screwed.

Specifically, the spring pad assembling mechanism in this embodiment is composed of a pusher fixing block 17, a cylinder mounting block 18 and a sliding mounting frame 19, the sliding mounting frame 19 is installed on the workbench 1, the cylinder mounting block 18 is installed on the sliding mounting frame 19, a pickup cylinder 20 is installed on the cylinder mounting block 18, the pusher fixing block 17 is installed on the sliding mounting frame 19, the pusher fixing block 17 is installed below the pickup cylinder 20, a pusher 21 is installed on the lower end surface of the pusher fixing block 17, a spring pad conical pickup head 22 is installed on the lower end of the pusher 21, and a spring pad pushing mechanism 23 is installed below the spring pad conical pickup head 22. The spring washer feeding part is automatically fed by the vibration disc and is singly pushed out by the pushing-out mechanism; the spring washer picking assembly part is accurately moved by a servo motor sliding table, and the limiting sensor is accurately positioned.

The spring washer is picked up by designing a conical pick-up head by utilizing the elasticity of the spring washer, and a pushing piece is sleeved outside the conical pick-up head for realizing pick-up and assembly.

Specifically, the plain washer assembly mechanism in the present embodiment includes a pickup head fixing block 24, a mounting bracket 25, and a side rail sliding table cylinder 26, the side rail sliding table cylinder 26 is mounted to the mounting bracket 25, the mounting bracket 25 is mounted to the work table 1, the pickup head fixing block 24 is mounted below the side rail sliding table cylinder 26, a plain washer negative pressure pickup head 27 is mounted at a lower end of the pickup head fixing block 24, and a plain washer push-out mechanism 28 is mounted below the plain washer negative pressure pickup head 27. The flat washer assembly part realizes that feeding and accurate movement are consistent with those of the front two parts and are realized by utilizing a servo motor sliding table and a vibration feeding disc. The flat gasket is mainly picked up through negative pressure suction, and the negative pressure suction head is in a hollow design and is connected with a vacuum pump above.

In addition, in this embodiment, a servo motor 29 and a turntable 30 are installed on the upper end surface of the workbench 1, an output shaft of the servo motor 29 is in transmission connection with the turntable 30, four sets of pneumatic flat tongs 7 are installed on the upper end surface of the turntable 30, an emergency stop button 31 is installed on one side of the workbench 1, and a power supply box 32 is installed inside the workbench 1. The multi-station automatic rotary table is driven by a servo motor to rotate at a fixed angle, and four pneumatic flat tongs are arranged on the rotary table and used for clamping parts to be assembled, so that the assembly line automatic sequential operation of each assembling station is mainly realized. The work table 1 is mainly used for supporting and mounting the respective work sections, and accommodates a power supply box and a control system.

The using method and the working principle of the embodiment comprise the following steps:

directly pouring the screw into a vibration disc, automatically feeding the screw into a material guide pipeline in sequence after the vibration disc is started, clamping the screw by using a limiting pin cylinder, feeding the screw downwards by using the cylinder to reach the jaw position of the pneumatic flat tongs, clamping the screw by using the pneumatic flat tongs, feeding the screw into the cylinder to return, and completing clamping;

when the station is switched by the multi-station turntable, if a sensor on the screw clamping station detects that the assembly on the screw is finished, the pneumatic flat tongs are opened, the assembled screw falls into a material box below the workbench from a lower hole, and then a new screw is clamped for assembly; if the sensor detects that the screw rod does not finish all assembly, the pneumatic flat tongs continuously clamp, and continue to assemble in the next step until the assembly is finished;

the nuts are sequentially fed and arranged into the feeding groove by the vibrating disc and are pushed out by the pushing-out mechanism, the nut sleeve is driven by the servo motor sliding table to move, the nuts are magnetically picked up in the sleeve, and when an assembly station is required to move below a nut assembly station from the multi-station rotary table, the nut is picked up by the sleeve and then the servo motor sliding table acts and is accurately positioned by the limit sensor, so that nut assembly is realized;

when the to-be-assembled station rotates to the position below the spring washer assembling station, the servo motor sliding table is matched with the limit sensor to drive the pickup head to move, when the pickup head moves to the position above the spring washer, the pickup head cylinder moves downwards to press the conical pickup head into the center hole of the spring washer, the point ring can be clamped on the pickup head due to the elasticity of the spring washer, then the servo motor sliding table is matched with the limit sensor to move the spring washer to the position above the to-be-assembled screw rod, the side rail sliding table cylinder drives the ejector fixing block to drive the recommender to move downwards, the recommender pushes the spring washer down from the conical pickup head and is sleeved on the screw rod to complete assembly;

when the flat gasket needs to be picked up and assembled, the pushing mechanism pushes the flat gasket out singly, the servo motor sliding table is matched with the limiting sensor to move accurately, the side rail sliding table cylinder moves downwards, when the picking head presses the flat gasket, the vacuum pump works to form negative pressure, the flat gasket is adsorbed on the picking head, the servo motor sliding table and the limiting sensor are matched to move above a screw rod to be assembled, the sliding table cylinder moves downwards, the negative pressure is cut off, and the flat gasket falls and is assembled on the screw rod to complete assembly.

This embodiment structural design is novel, and automatic intelligent degree is high, and operating condition is stable, and easily operation can replace original manpower for the streamlined production technology of giving first place to, guarantees productivity ratio, promotes enterprise's productivity. The equipment can meet the enterprise requirements and has good practicability and popularization; through PLC programmable control, each logic action of automatic assembly is realized, and automation and intellectualization are embodied; the nut screwing position is accurately controlled through the rotation angle of the servo motor, and the accuracy is reflected. The automatic feeding device mainly comprises a flat washer assembling part, a spring washer assembling part, a nut screwing part, a bolt feeding and clamping part, a workbench and a multi-station automatic rotary table, wherein the logical actions of all the parts are controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller), the positioning is realized by using a limit sensor, the movement of the parts is realized by using a servo motor sliding table and a cylinder, the automatic feeding is realized by using a vibration feeding disc, and the multi-station automatic rotary table is mainly used for realizing the conversion among all the assembling stations, so that the flow line production is realized, and the efficiency is improved.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, and it should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides an automatic accurate nut equipment of adorning soon which characterized in that: including bolt feed clamping mechanism, nut assembly devices, spring pad assembly devices, plain washer assembly devices, workstation (1), bolt feed clamping mechanism includes that the screw rod advances subassembly and screw rod clamping subassembly, the screw rod advances the subassembly and includes vibrations pay-off dish (2), passage (3) and mounting bracket (4), vibrations pay-off dish (2) are installed in mounting bracket (4), mounting bracket (4) set up in workstation (1) one side, nut assembly devices, spring pad assembly devices, plain washer assembly devices all install in workstation (1).

2. The automatic accurate nut equipment of screwing of claim 1, characterized in that: the screw rod clamping assembly comprises a support frame (5), a feeding cylinder (6) and pneumatic flat tongs (7), the support frame (5) is installed on the surface of a workbench (1), the feeding cylinder (6) is installed at the upper end of the support frame (5), one end of a guide pipeline (3) is connected with a vibration feeding disc (2), the other end of the guide pipeline is connected with the feeding cylinder (6), the pneumatic flat tongs (7) are installed on the surface of the workbench (1) and located on one side of the support frame (5), a limiting sensor (8) and a limiting pin cylinder (9) are installed on the inner side of the support frame (5), and the limiting pin cylinder (9) is connected with the pneumatic flat tongs (7).

3. The automatic accurate nut equipment of screwing of claim 1, characterized in that: nut assembly devices includes servo motor slip table (10) and nut release mechanism (11), install limit sensor (12) and lower limit sensor (13) on the vertical section of servo motor slip table (10) respectively, nut release mechanism (11) are installed in servo motor slip table (10) below, servo motor (14) are installed in the vertical section outside of servo motor slip table (10), nut sleeve (15) are connected to servo motor (14) output, nut sleeve (15) and sleeve direction slide rail (16) sliding connection who installs at servo motor slip table (10) lateral wall.

4. The automatic accurate nut equipment of screwing of claim 1, characterized in that: spring pad assembly devices is including pushing away a ware fixed block (17), cylinder mount pad (18) and sliding mounting frame (19), sliding mounting frame (19) are installed on workstation (1), install in sliding mounting frame (19) cylinder mount pad (18), install on cylinder mount pad (18) and pick up first cylinder (20), push away a ware fixed block (17) and install in sliding mounting frame (19), just it installs in picking up first cylinder (20) below to push away a ware fixed block (17), the terminal surface installation pushes away a ware (21) under pushing away a ware fixed block (17), push away a ware (21) lower extreme installation spring washer cone type and pick up head (22), spring washer cone type picks up head (22) below installation spring washer ejecting mechanism (23).

5. The automatic accurate nut equipment of screwing of claim 1, characterized in that: plain washer assembly devices is including picking up first fixed block (24), mounting bracket (25) and siding track slip table cylinder (26), install in mounting bracket (25) siding track slip table cylinder (26), install in workstation (1) mounting bracket (25), it installs in siding track slip table cylinder (26) below to pick up first fixed block (24), it picks up first (27) to pick up first fixed block (24) lower extreme installation plain washer negative pressure, plain washer negative pressure is picked up first (27) below installation plain washer ejecting mechanism (28).

6. The automatic accurate nut equipment of screwing of claim 1, characterized in that: the pneumatic emergency stop device is characterized in that a servo motor (29) and a rotary table (30) are installed on the upper end face of the workbench (1), an output shaft of the servo motor (29) is in transmission connection with the rotary table (30), four sets of pneumatic flat tongs (7) are installed on the upper end face of the rotary table (30), an emergency stop button (31) is installed on one side of the workbench (1), and a power supply box (32) is installed inside the workbench (1).

7. Use of the automatic precision turn-on nut equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

A. directly pouring the screw into a vibration disc, automatically feeding the screw into a material guide pipeline in sequence after the vibration disc is started, clamping the screw by using a limiting pin cylinder, feeding the screw downwards by using the cylinder to reach the jaw position of the pneumatic flat tongs, clamping the screw by using the pneumatic flat tongs, feeding the screw into the cylinder to return, and completing clamping;

B. when the station is switched by the multi-station turntable, if a sensor on the screw clamping station detects that the assembly on the screw is finished, the pneumatic flat tongs are opened, the assembled screw falls into a material box below the workbench from a lower hole, and then a new screw is clamped for assembly; if the sensor detects that the screw rod does not finish all assembly, the pneumatic flat tongs continuously clamp, and continue to assemble in the next step until the assembly is finished;

C. the nuts are sequentially fed and arranged into the feeding groove by the vibrating disc and are pushed out by the pushing-out mechanism, the nut sleeve is driven by the servo motor sliding table to move, the nuts are magnetically picked up in the sleeve, and when an assembly station is required to move below a nut assembly station from the multi-station rotary table, the nut is picked up by the sleeve and then the servo motor sliding table acts and is accurately positioned by the limit sensor, so that nut assembly is realized;

D. when the to-be-assembled station rotates to the position below the spring washer assembling station, the servo motor sliding table is matched with the limit sensor to drive the pickup head to move, when the pickup head moves to the position above the spring washer, the pickup head cylinder moves downwards to press the conical pickup head into the center hole of the spring washer, the point ring can be clamped on the pickup head due to the elasticity of the spring washer, then the servo motor sliding table is matched with the limit sensor to move the spring washer to the position above the to-be-assembled screw rod, the side rail sliding table cylinder drives the ejector fixing block to drive the recommender to move downwards, the recommender pushes the spring washer down from the conical pickup head and is sleeved on the screw rod to complete assembly;

E. when the flat gasket needs to be picked up and assembled, the pushing mechanism pushes the flat gasket out singly, the servo motor sliding table is matched with the limiting sensor to move accurately, the side rail sliding table cylinder moves downwards, when the picking head presses the flat gasket, the vacuum pump works to form negative pressure, the flat gasket is adsorbed on the picking head, the servo motor sliding table and the limiting sensor are matched to move above a screw rod to be assembled, the sliding table cylinder moves downwards, the negative pressure is cut off, and the flat gasket falls and is assembled on the screw rod to complete assembly.

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