CN113476650A

CN113476650A - Composite dental implant and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113476650A
Application number: CN202110768647.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 石海山; 饶瑾; 赵莘宜; 张禹瑄; 何福坡; 黄常桂; 周杰林; 姜水; 黎梓楷
Original assignee: Jinan University
Current assignee: Jinan University; University of Jinan
Priority date: 2021-07-07
Filing date: 2021-07-07
Publication date: 2021-10-08

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite dental implant and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite dental implant comprises a body, wherein the top of the body is provided with a counter bore, the bottom of the body is a cambered surface, and the periphery of the bottom end of the body is provided with an external thread; the bone tissue regeneration device is characterized in that a porous structure is arranged on the body, a complex is filled in the porous structure and integrally arranged with the body, the complex is a biodegradable material carrying bioactive components, and the bioactive components have antibacterial property and bone tissue induced regeneration property. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient preparation, stable implantation, long antibacterial effect, effective acceleration of osseointegration and high planting success rate.

Description

Composite dental implant and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of dental implants, in particular to a composite dental implant and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the serious aging of population, the consumption level per capita and the academic popularization strength are continuously improved, the attention and the demand of people on artificial tooth implantation are increased day by day, and the market of artificial tooth implantation in China is in a rapid development stage.

The implant denture is the most ideal scheme for tooth missing restoration and is known as the third pair of human teeth. Although the current dental planting technology is mature and has high success rate, clinical research shows that the incidence rate of peri-implantitis is still as high as 22 percent, which not only influences the planting effect, but also can cause planting failure and even seriously influences the replanting success rate of the parts with planting failure.

At present, the dental implant is a compact implant, the surface of the dental implant is subjected to sand blasting and acid etching to form a micro-nano structure, which is beneficial to the growth of osteocytes, but the biological activity of the implant is limited, the interface binding force is weak, and the compact structure is also a main factor causing interface stress concentration and stress shielding effect; therefore, a porous structure is developed, so that the overall elastic modulus of the implant can be reduced, the stress shielding effect is reduced, bone tissues grow into pores, and the osseointegration effect is enhanced, but the problem of peri-implant inflammation is still difficult to solve due to the design of the porous structure; therefore, people continue to research and develop surface-modified implants, and the ability of tissues around the implants to resist bacterial invasion and infection is improved by modifying antibacterial components or constructing an antibacterial coating on the surface, but the current surface-modified implants have limited drug-loading rate, the surface antibacterial layer is easy to fall off, the duration is short, and the antibacterial effect is poor.

Therefore, how to ensure the implant stability, overcome the problem of loosening and falling caused by stress shielding effect, accelerate osseointegration, prolong antibacterial effect and improve the success rate of dental implantation is a problem which needs to be solved at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a composite dental implant and a method for preparing the same.

The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: a composite dental implant comprises a body, wherein a counter bore is formed in the top of the body, the bottom of the body is a cambered surface, and external threads are formed in the periphery of the bottom end of the body; the bone tissue regeneration device is characterized in that a porous structure is arranged on the body, a complex is filled in the porous structure and integrally arranged with the body, the complex is a biodegradable material carrying bioactive components, and the bioactive components have antibacterial property and bone tissue induced regeneration property.

Furthermore, the porous structure comprises a first hole body, a second hole body and a third hole body, the first hole body is arranged along the axial direction of the body and penetrates through the body, the first hole body is communicated with the counter sink, the first hole body takes the axis of the body as the center, and a plurality of first hole bodies are uniformly distributed on the circumference; the second hole body is arranged along the axial direction of the body and is spirally arranged, and the second hole body is communicated with the first hole body; the third hole body is arranged along the radial direction of the body and communicated with the second hole body, the third hole body is arranged at the tooth bottom of the external thread, and a plurality of third hole bodies are uniformly distributed along the external thread; reduce the elastic modulus, reduce the stress shielding effect and improve the bonding strength after the bone tissue grows in.

Further, the material of the body is pure titanium or titanium alloy, and the diameter of the body is 2-4 mm.

Further, the thread pitch of the external thread is 400-1000 μm.

Further, the pore shape of the porous structure is circular or polygonal, and the equivalent pore diameter of the porous structure is 200-500 μm.

Further, the biodegradable material is any one or a combination of at least two of calcium phosphate salt, calcium silicate salt, collagen, gelatin, alginate, hyaluronic acid and chitosan.

A method of making comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: calculating a three-dimensional image of a tooth root of a patient before an operation by using general medical software, analyzing data of an edentulous part, establishing a three-dimensional model of a body, adjusting and optimizing parameters, introducing the data into SLM equipment, starting the SLM equipment, completing preparation of the body by the SLM equipment under the protection of inert gas, taking out and cleaning the body, respectively cleaning the body by using acetone, ethanol and deionized water under ultrasonic waves, and drying the body in air at 37 ℃ for later use;

step two: preparing powder of the bioactive component, preparing a solution of the biodegradable material, and uniformly dispersing the powder in the solution to form suspension, namely preparing a precursor of the complex;

step three: dipping the body prepared in the first step into the precursor prepared in the second step, vacuumizing until the precursor is filled in the porous structure, and taking out the body; calcining under the protection of inert gas after freeze drying until the precursor in the porous structure is fused into solid, namely the body and the complex are molded into a whole;

step four: and (3) soaking the body prepared in the third step in an antibacterial polypeptide LL-37 solution, vacuumizing, taking out the body, and freeze-drying to obtain the composite dental implant.

Further, 1 part of strontium carbonate, 0.2 part of copper carbonate, 0.9 part of anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate, 1.2 parts of anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate and 4 parts of anhydrous ethanol are placed in a container and mixed in a ball mill according to parts by weight, and after air drying at 60 ℃, the powder is sieved for later use, so that the powder of the bioactive component in the step two is prepared.

Further, according to the weight portion, 0.15-0.3 portion of sodium oxide, 0.4-0.6 portion of phosphorus pentoxide, 0.15-0.25 portion of magnesium oxide and 4 portions of absolute ethyl alcohol are placed in a container to be ball-milled and mixed, air drying is carried out at 60 ℃, and then the powder is sieved for standby application, thus obtaining the powder of the bioactive component in the step two.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the body is provided with the porous structure, the porous structure is filled with the complex, the complex and the body are integrally arranged, the complex is a biodegradable material carrying bioactive components, and the bioactive components have antibacterial property and bone tissue induced regeneration property; the biodegradable material can continuously release the medicine in the gradual degradation process, so that the antibacterial property and the bone tissue induced regeneration property are greatly prolonged; compared with the traditional surface modification or coating, the porous structure has obviously increased drug-loading capacity, and the complex and the body are integrally arranged, so that the drug-loading capacity and stability are effectively ensured, the too fast falling of the drug is avoided, the long-term antibacterial effect and the bone tissue regeneration condition around the implant are improved, the problems of peri-implantitis, bone tissue absorption and the like are effectively solved, the long-term stability and functionality of the implant are greatly improved, and the dental implantation success rate is improved; in general, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient preparation, stable implantation, long antibacterial effect, effective acceleration of osseointegration and high success rate of planting.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the body of the present invention;

figure 3 is a schematic cut-away view of the body of the present invention.

The reference numerals are explained below:

1-body; 11-countersunk holes; 12-external threads; 13-a first porous body; 14-a second porous body; 15-a third porous body; 2-complex.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a composite dental implant, including a body 1, a countersunk hole 11 formed at the top of the body 1, a bottom of the body 1 being a cambered surface, and an external thread 12 formed on the periphery of the bottom end of the body 1; the body 1 is provided with a porous structure, the porous structure is filled with the complex 2, the complex 2 and the body 1 are integrally arranged, the complex 2 is a biodegradable material carrying bioactive components, and the bioactive components have antibacterial property and bone tissue induced regeneration property.

The porous structure comprises a first hole body 13, a second hole body 14 and a third hole body 15, wherein the first hole body 13 is formed along the axial direction of the body 1 and penetrates through the body 1, the first hole body 13 is communicated with the counter sink 11, and a plurality of first hole bodies 13 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the body 1 by taking the axis of the body 1 as the center; the second hole body 14 is arranged along the axial direction of the body 1 in a spiral manner, and the second hole body 14 is communicated with the first hole body 13; third hole body 15 is seted up and is linked together second hole body 14 along the radial of body 1, and third hole body 15 is seted up at the tooth bottom of external screw thread 12, and third hole body 15 is equipped with a plurality of along external screw thread 12 equipartition.

Specifically, the porous structure can reduce the overall elastic modulus of the implant and reduce the stress shielding effect on the one hand, and can guide bone tissues to grow in and improve the osseointegration effect on the other hand; the spiral communicating structure of the second hole body 14 can form a 'hand-held' interface embedding structure with the implant after the tissue grows in, the tissue can tightly hold the implant, and the interface bonding strength is greatly improved.

Preferably, the biodegradable material is any one or a combination of at least two of calcium phosphate salt, calcium silicate salt, collagen, gelatin, alginate, hyaluronic acid and chitosan.

The preparation method for preparing the composite dental implant comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: calculating a three-dimensional image of a tooth root of a patient before an operation by using general medical software, analyzing data of a missing tooth part, establishing a three-dimensional model of the body 1, and adjusting and optimizing parameters, wherein the diameter of the body 1 is 3mm, the thread of the external thread 12 is 400 mu m, the hole shape of the counter bore 11 is a regular hexagonal hole, the equivalent pore diameter of the porous structure is 400 mu m, and the hole shape of the porous structure is a regular hexagon; importing data into SLM equipment, starting the SLM equipment, completing the preparation of the body 1 by the SLM equipment under the protection of inert gas, taking out and cleaning the body 1, respectively cleaning the body 1 by acetone, ethanol and deionized water under ultrasonic waves, and drying the body in air at 37 ℃ for later use;

step two: putting 1 part of strontium carbonate, 0.2 part of copper carbonate, 0.9 part of anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate, 1.2 parts of anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate and 4 parts of anhydrous ethanol in a container, ball-milling and mixing, drying in air at 60 ℃, sieving the powder for later use, and obtaining the powder of the bioactive component, wherein the mesh opening is smaller than 53 mu m; dissolving gelatin in deionized water to prepare a gelatin solution with the mass fraction of 0.5-5.0% to obtain a solution of the biodegradable material, uniformly dispersing the powder in the solution to form a suspension, and keeping the concentration at 200-1500 mg/mL to obtain a precursor of the complex 2;

step three: dipping the body 1 prepared in the first step into the precursor prepared in the second step, vacuumizing until the porous structure is filled with the precursor, and taking out the body 1; calcining under the protection of inert gas after freeze drying, keeping the temperature at 600-900 ℃ until the precursor in the porous structure is fused into solid, namely the body 1 and the complex 2 are formed into a whole, wherein the complex 2 is a copper strontium phosphate-based degradable material containing a multistage microporous structure and strontium carbonate/copper carbonate residues;

step four: and (3) dipping the body 1 prepared in the third step into an antibacterial polypeptide LL-37 solution with the concentration of 100-300 mg/mL, vacuumizing, taking out the body 1, and freeze-drying to obtain the composite dental implant.

The prepared composite dental implant can continuously release LL-37 and copper ions with antibacterial property, and continuously release strontium ions and copper ions with osteogenic and angiogenisis functions, thereby realizing antibacterial property and tissue induced regeneration.

Example two

The difference from the first embodiment is that, in the first step: calculating a three-dimensional image of a tooth root of a patient before an operation by using general medical software, analyzing data of a missing tooth part, establishing a three-dimensional model of the body 1, and adjusting and optimizing parameters, wherein the diameter of the body 1 is 2mm, the thread of the external thread 12 is 1000 microns, the hole shape of the counter bore 11 is a regular hexagonal hole, the equivalent aperture of a porous structure is 200 microns, and the hole shape of the porous structure is a square; importing data into SLM equipment, starting the SLM equipment, completing the preparation of the body 1 by the SLM equipment under the protection of inert gas, taking out and cleaning the body 1, respectively cleaning the body 1 by acetone, ethanol and deionized water under ultrasonic waves, and drying the body in air at 37 ℃ for later use;

step two: according to the weight portion, 0.15 to 0.3 portion of sodium oxide, 0.4 to 0.6 portion of phosphorus pentoxide, 0.15 to 0.25 portion of magnesium oxide and 4 portions of absolute ethyl alcohol are put into a container to be ball-milled and mixed, the powder is sieved for standby after air drying at 60 ℃, and the mesh opening diameter is smaller than 53 mu m, thus obtaining the powder of the bioactive component; then dissolving chitosan in deionized water to prepare a chitosan solution with the mass fraction of 0.5-5.0% to obtain a solution of the biodegradable material, uniformly dispersing the powder in the solution to form a suspension, and keeping the concentration at 200-1500 mg/mL to obtain a precursor of the complex 2;

step three: dipping the body 1 prepared in the first step into the precursor prepared in the second step, vacuumizing until the porous structure is filled with the precursor, and taking out the body 1; calcining under the protection of inert gas after freeze drying, keeping the temperature at 650-800 ℃ until the precursor in the porous structure is fused into solid, namely the body 1 and the complex 2 are formed into a whole, wherein the complex 2 is a magnesium phosphate-based degradable material containing a multilevel microporous structure and magnesium oxide residues;

The prepared composite dental implant can continuously release LL-37 with antibacterial property and continuously release magnesium ions with osteogenic and angiogenisis functions, thereby realizing antibacterial property and tissue induced regeneration.

EXAMPLE III

The difference from the first embodiment is that, in the first step: calculating a three-dimensional image of a tooth root of a patient before an operation by using general medical software, analyzing data of a missing tooth part, establishing a three-dimensional model of the body 1, and adjusting and optimizing parameters, wherein the diameter of the body 1 is 3.5mm, the thread of the external thread 12 is 600 mu m, the hole shape of the counter sink 11 is a regular hexagonal hole, the equivalent aperture of the porous structure is 250 mu m, and the hole shape of the porous structure is square; importing data into SLM equipment, starting the SLM equipment, completing the preparation of the body 1 by the SLM equipment under the protection of inert gas, taking out and cleaning the body 1, respectively cleaning the body 1 by acetone, ethanol and deionized water under ultrasonic waves, and drying the body in air at 37 ℃ for later use;

step two: the method comprises the steps of dissolving 10-200 mg/mL hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide into a first mixed liquid (the volume ratio of the two is 6:1) of absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, sequentially adding tetraethoxysilane and triethyl phosphate (the volume ratio of the two is 10:1) in turn, and uniformly stirring until a white suspension is obtained. The weight portion is as follows: preparing a second mixed solution by 0.8-0.95 part of strontium nitrate and 0.05-0.2 part of zinc nitrate, dropwise adding the second mixed solution into the white suspension, uniformly mixing, standing and aging at room temperature for 24 hours, centrifugally washing to obtain a white gel precipitate, freeze-drying the precipitate, calcining at low temperature, and keeping the temperature at 500-600 ℃ to obtain zinc-doped mesoporous strontium silicate nanopowder, namely the powder of the bioactive component; then dissolving collagen in a citric acid solution to prepare a collagen solution with the mass fraction of 0.5-2.0%, dissolving sodium hyaluronate in deionized water to prepare a hyaluronic acid solution with the mass fraction of 0.5-2.0%, and uniformly mixing the collagen solution, the hyaluronic acid solution, the powder and the antibacterial polypeptide LL-37 (the ratio is 1mL:1mL:200mg:100 mu g) to prepare a solution of a biodegradable material, namely a precursor of the complex 2;

step three: and (3) dipping the body 1 prepared in the first step into the precursor prepared in the second step, vacuumizing, adding a 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride crosslinking agent (the final concentration is 0.1-2 mg/mL), and reacting for 6-24 h in a vacuum state to enable the complex 2 and the body 1 to be crosslinked and formed into a whole.

The prepared composite dental implant can continuously release LL-37 and zinc ions with antibacterial property, and continuously release silicon, strontium ions and zinc ions with osteogenic and angiogenisis functions, so that antibacterial property and bone tissue induced regeneration are realized; compared with the first embodiment, the fourth step is omitted, the complex body 2 and the body 1 are molded into a whole by adopting a crosslinking method, the medicines of the antibacterial components are directly added at the same time when the bioactive components are prepared and are loaded into the biodegradable material together, the combination is more uniform and firm, the total medicine loading amount is higher, the release of the medicines is slowed down, the long-acting antibacterial effect is kept, and the preparation is simpler.

Example four

The difference from the first embodiment is that, in the first step: calculating a three-dimensional image of a tooth root of a patient before an operation by using general medical software, analyzing data of a missing tooth part, establishing a three-dimensional model of the body 1, and adjusting and optimizing parameters, wherein the diameter of the body 1 is 4mm, the thread of the external thread 12 is 800 micrometers, the hole shape of the counter bore 11 is a regular hexagonal hole, the equivalent aperture of a porous structure is 500 micrometers, and the hole shape of the porous structure is circular; importing data into SLM equipment, starting the SLM equipment, completing the preparation of the body 1 by the SLM equipment under the protection of inert gas, taking out and cleaning the body 1, respectively cleaning the body 1 by acetone, ethanol and deionized water under ultrasonic waves, and drying the body in air at 37 ℃ for later use;

step two: dissolving dodecylamine into a first mixed liquid of absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water (the volume ratio of the anhydrous ethyl alcohol to the deionized water is 0.1:5: 1-0.5: 5:1), adding a proper amount of ethyl orthosilicate and triethyl phosphate (the volume ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the triethyl phosphate is 10:1) in sequence, and uniformly stirring to obtain a white suspension. Preparing a second mixed solution of strontium nitrate, magnesium nitrate and copper nitrate according to a certain proportion (the molar ratio of the strontium nitrate to the magnesium nitrate to the copper nitrate is 0.85:0.10:0.05), dropwise adding the second mixed solution into the white suspension, uniformly mixing, standing and aging at room temperature for 24 hours, centrifugally washing to obtain a white gel precipitate, freeze-drying the precipitate, calcining at a low temperature, keeping the temperature at 550-650 ℃, and thus obtaining magnesium-copper-doped mesoporous strontium silicate nanopowder, namely the powder of the bioactive component; dissolving sodium alginate in deionized water, dropwise adding methacrylic anhydride (the final concentration is 1-5 wt%), adjusting the pH to 8-10 by using an ammonia water solution to obtain a sodium alginate solution (the final concentration is 2-5 wt%), namely preparing a solution of the biodegradable material, uniformly dispersing the powder in the sodium alginate solution, and keeping the concentration at 0.1-1 g/mL to obtain a precursor of the complex 2;

step three: dipping the body 1 prepared in the first step into the precursor prepared in the second step, vacuumizing until the porous structure is filled with the precursor, and taking out the body 1; freeze drying, namely forming the body 1 and the complex 2 into a whole;

step four: and (3) dipping the body 1 prepared in the third step into calcium nitrate solution containing the antibacterial polypeptide LL-37, washing with deionized water, and freeze-drying again to obtain the composite dental implant.

The prepared composite dental implant can continuously release LL-37 and copper ions with antibacterial property, and continuously release silicon, strontium ions, magnesium ions and copper ions with osteogenic and angiogenizing functions, so that antibacterial property and bone tissue induced regeneration are realized; compared with the first embodiment, the complex 2 and the body 1 are molded into a whole by adopting a cross-linking method, particles of the antibacterial component are directly added at the same time when the bioactive component is prepared and loaded in the biodegradable material together, so that the combination is more uniform and firm, the total drug loading is higher, the release of the drug is slowed down, the long-acting antibacterial effect is kept, and the preparation is simpler.

EXAMPLE five

The difference from the first embodiment is that, in the first step: calculating a three-dimensional image of a tooth root of a patient before an operation by using general medical software, analyzing data of a missing tooth part, establishing a three-dimensional model of the body 1, and adjusting and optimizing parameters, wherein the diameter of the body 1 is 2.5mm, the thread of the external thread 12 is 500 mu m, the hole shape of the counter bore 11 is a regular hexagonal hole, the equivalent aperture of the porous structure is 450 mu m, and the hole shape of the porous structure is a regular hexagon; importing data into SLM equipment, starting the SLM equipment, completing the preparation of the body 1 by the SLM equipment under the protection of inert gas, taking out and cleaning the body 1, respectively cleaning the body 1 by acetone, ethanol and deionized water under ultrasonic waves, and drying the body in air at 37 ℃ for later use;

step two: dissolving dodecylamine into a first mixed liquid of absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water (the volume ratio of the anhydrous ethyl alcohol to the deionized water is 0.1:5: 1-0.5: 5:1), adding a proper amount of ethyl orthosilicate and triethyl phosphate (the volume ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the triethyl phosphate is 10:1) in sequence, and uniformly stirring to obtain a white suspension. Preparing a second mixed solution of calcium nitrate, strontium nitrate and copper nitrate according to a certain proportion (the molar ratio of the calcium nitrate to the strontium nitrate to the copper nitrate is 0.85:0.10:0.05), dropwise adding the second mixed solution into the white suspension, uniformly mixing, standing and aging at room temperature for 24 hours, centrifugally washing to obtain a white gel precipitate, freeze-drying the precipitate, calcining at a low temperature, and keeping the temperature at 550-650 ℃ to obtain strontium-copper-containing silicate nano powder, namely preparing powder of a bioactive component; dissolving sodium alginate in deionized water, dropwise adding methacrylic anhydride (the final concentration is 1-5 wt%), adjusting the pH to 8-10 by using an ammonia water solution to obtain a sodium alginate solution (the final concentration is 2-5 wt%), namely preparing a solution of the biodegradable material, uniformly dispersing the powder in the sodium alginate solution, and keeping the concentration at 0.1-1 g/mL to obtain a precursor of the complex 2;

The prepared composite dental implant can continuously release LL-37 and copper ions with antibacterial property, and continuously release silicon element, strontium ions and copper ions with osteogenic and angiogenisis functions, so that antibacterial property and bone tissue induced regeneration are realized; compared with the first embodiment, the complex 2 and the body 1 are molded into a whole by adopting a cross-linking method, particles of the antibacterial component are directly added at the same time when the bioactive component is prepared and loaded in the biodegradable material together, so that the combination is more uniform and firm, the total drug loading is higher, the release of the drug is slowed down, the long-acting antibacterial effect is kept, and the preparation is simpler.

EXAMPLE six

The difference from the first embodiment is that, in the first step: calculating a three-dimensional image of a tooth root of a patient before an operation by using general medical software, analyzing data of a missing tooth part, establishing a three-dimensional model of the body 1, and adjusting and optimizing parameters, wherein the diameter of the body 1 is 3mm, the thread of the external thread 12 is 700 mu m, the hole shape of the counter bore 11 is a regular hexagonal hole, the equivalent aperture of the porous structure is 350 mu m, and the hole shape of the porous structure is a regular hexagon; importing data into SLM equipment, starting the SLM equipment, completing the preparation of the body 1 by the SLM equipment under the protection of inert gas, taking out and cleaning the body 1, respectively cleaning the body 1 by acetone, ethanol and deionized water under ultrasonic waves, and drying the body in air at 37 ℃ for later use;

step two: the method comprises the steps of dissolving 10-200 mg/mL hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide into a first mixed liquid (the volume ratio of the two is 6:1) of absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, sequentially adding tetraethoxysilane and triethyl phosphate (the volume ratio of the two is 10:1) in turn, and uniformly stirring until a white suspension is obtained. The weight portion is as follows: preparing a second mixed solution by 0.8-0.95 part of calcium nitrate and 0.05-0.2 part of zinc nitrate, dropwise adding the second mixed solution into the white suspension, uniformly mixing, standing and aging at room temperature for 24 hours, centrifugally washing to obtain a white gel precipitate, freeze-drying the precipitate, calcining at low temperature, and keeping the temperature at 500-600 ℃ to obtain zinc-containing silicate nano powder, namely the powder of the bioactive component; then dissolving collagen in a citric acid solution to prepare a collagen solution with the mass fraction of 0.5-2.0%, dissolving sodium hyaluronate in deionized water to prepare a hyaluronic acid solution with the mass fraction of 0.5-2.0%, and uniformly mixing the collagen solution, the hyaluronic acid solution, the powder and the antibacterial polypeptide LL-37 (the ratio is 1mL:1mL:200mg:100 mu g) to prepare a solution of a biodegradable material, namely a precursor of the complex 2;

The prepared composite dental implant can continuously release LL-37 and zinc ions with antibacterial property, and continuously release silicon elements and zinc ions with osteogenic and angiogenisis functions, so that antibacterial property and bone tissue induced regeneration are realized; compared with the first embodiment, the fourth step is omitted, the complex body 2 and the body 1 are molded into a whole by adopting a crosslinking method, the medicines of the antibacterial components are directly added at the same time when the bioactive components are prepared and are loaded into the biodegradable material together, the combination is more uniform and firm, the total medicine loading amount is higher, the release of the medicines is slowed down, the long-acting antibacterial effect is kept, and the preparation is simpler.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A composite dental implant is characterized in that: the anti-theft device comprises a body (1), wherein a counter bore (11) is formed in the top of the body (1), the bottom of the body (1) is an arc surface, and external threads (12) are formed in the periphery of the bottom end of the body (1);

the bone tissue regeneration device is characterized in that a porous structure is arranged on the body (1), a complex (2) is filled in the porous structure, the complex (2) and the body (1) are integrally arranged, the complex (2) is a biodegradable material carrying bioactive components, and the bioactive components have antibacterial property and bone tissue induced regeneration property.

2. A composite dental implant according to claim 1, wherein: the porous structure comprises a first hole body (13), a second hole body (14) and a third hole body (15), wherein the first hole body (13) is formed along the axial direction of the body (1) and penetrates through the body (1), the first hole body (13) is communicated with the counter sink (11), the first hole body (13) takes the axis of the body (1) as the center, and a plurality of holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference; the second hole body (14) is arranged along the axial direction of the body (1) and is spirally arranged, and the second hole body (14) is communicated with the first hole body (13); the third hole body (15) is formed in the radial direction of the body (1) and communicated with the second hole body (14), the third hole body (15) is formed in the tooth bottom of the external thread (12), and a plurality of third hole bodies (15) are uniformly distributed along the external thread (12).

3. A composite dental implant according to claim 1, wherein: the body (1) is made of pure titanium or titanium alloy, and the diameter of the body (1) is 2-4 mm.

4. A composite dental implant according to claim 1, wherein: the thread pitch of the external thread (12) is 400-.

5. A composite dental implant according to claim 1, wherein: the pore shape of the porous structure is circular or polygonal, and the equivalent pore diameter of the porous structure is 200-500 mu m.

6. A composite dental implant according to claim 1, wherein: the biodegradable material is any one or the combination of at least two of calcium phosphate salt, calcium silicate salt, collagen, gelatin, alginate, hyaluronic acid and chitosan.

7. A method for preparing a composite dental implant according to claim 1, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: calculating a three-dimensional image of a tooth root of a patient before an operation by using general medical software, analyzing data of a tooth missing part, establishing a three-dimensional model of the body (1), adjusting and optimizing parameters, introducing the data into SLM equipment, starting the SLM equipment, completing preparation of the body (1) by the SLM equipment under the protection of inert gas, taking out and cleaning the body (1), respectively cleaning the body (1) by using acetone, ethanol and deionized water under ultrasonic waves, and drying the body in air at 37 ℃ for later use;

step two: preparing powder of the bioactive component, preparing a solution of the biodegradable material, and uniformly dispersing the powder in the solution to form suspension, namely preparing a precursor of the complex (2);

step three: dipping the body (1) prepared in the first step into the precursor prepared in the second step, vacuumizing until the precursor is filled in the porous structure, and taking out the body (1); calcining under the protection of inert gas after freeze drying until the precursor in the porous structure is fused into solid, namely the body (1) and the complex (2) are molded into a whole;

step four: and (3) soaking the body (1) prepared in the third step in an antibacterial polypeptide LL-37 solution, vacuumizing, taking out the body (1), and freeze-drying to obtain the composite dental implant.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: and (3) putting 1 part of strontium carbonate, 0.2 part of copper carbonate, 0.9 part of anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate, 1.2 parts of anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate and 4 parts of anhydrous ethanol in a container, ball-milling and mixing, drying in air at 60 ℃, and sieving the powder for later use to obtain the bioactive component powder in the second step.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein: and (2) putting 0.15-0.3 part of sodium oxide, 0.4-0.6 part of phosphorus pentoxide, 0.15-0.25 part of magnesium oxide and 4 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol in a container, ball-milling and mixing, drying in air at 60 ℃, and sieving the powder for later use to obtain the powder of the bioactive component in the step two.