CN113466635B - Material surface insulation and partial discharge characteristic measuring device - Google Patents
Material surface insulation and partial discharge characteristic measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113466635B CN113466635B CN202110539279.0A CN202110539279A CN113466635B CN 113466635 B CN113466635 B CN 113466635B CN 202110539279 A CN202110539279 A CN 202110539279A CN 113466635 B CN113466635 B CN 113466635B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/02—General constructional details
- G01R1/04—Housings; Supporting members; Arrangements of terminals
- G01R1/0408—Test fixtures or contact fields; Connectors or connecting adaptors; Test clips; Test sockets
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- Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of power generation, power transformation or power distribution of electric power, in particular to a material surface insulation and partial discharge characteristic measuring device, which mainly comprises an outer cavity, an upper electrode, an insulation sheath and a lower electrode. The outer cavity is used for sealing, supporting and fixing, the upper electrode is used for applying voltage and radiating heat, the insulating sheath is used for electrically insulating the upper electrode from the outer cavity, and the lower electrode is used for fixing a sample, controlling temperature and adjusting measurement. The device test conditions can meet the requirements of actual working conditions, and the temperature gradient, the air pressure, the micro water and the metal particles can be adjusted simultaneously under the action of high-voltage stress; the corona-free design of the invention can realize that the corona interference caused by a strong electric field in the high-temperature and high-pressure experiment process is avoided; and the measurement of multiple physical quantities of temperature gradient, air pressure, micro water, electric signals and optical signals can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power generation, power transformation or power distribution of electric power, and particularly relates to a device for measuring surface insulation and partial discharge characteristics of a material.
Background
The extra-high voltage direct current transmission technology is called as the first choice of ultra-large capacity and ultra-long distance transmission, and the key of the direct current transmission technology is SF6 gas-insulated metal totally-enclosed switchgear, a pipeline bus and a dry gas-insulated wall bushing. The supporting insulator is a main insulating component of key equipment such as GIS, GIL, wall bushing and the like, is also a core component for limiting the overall performance of the equipment, and the reliability of the insulator directly determines the reliability of the gas insulating equipment.
Engineering operation experience shows that the failure or accident rate of the gas insulation equipment is far beyond expectations, and the related insulation design experience is still insufficient, and the breakdown accident of the internal insulator of the novel equipment such as the extra-high voltage direct current wall bushing and the like occurs. Most of the grounding faults are caused by surface flashover of insulators in equipment, and measurement, diagnosis and prediction of the insulation characteristics of the supporting insulator materials are important means for researching the insulation problem of the extra-high voltage direct current bushing, so that an insulation test device based on the extra-high voltage direct current bushing is needed.
Because the support insulator of the extra-high voltage direct current sleeve works under the working conditions of high voltage, large temperature gradient and high air pressure, micro water and metal particles can be influenced, the measurement of the insulation characteristic needs to measure a plurality of signals such as the temperature gradient, the air pressure, the micro water content, the electric signal, the optical signal and the like at the same time, and the insulation test device comprising the characteristics is the foundation for researching the extra-high voltage direct current sleeve. This patent is just to the insulation test device of above characteristics design.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome a series of defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a surface insulation and partial discharge characteristic measuring device for a rear suspension power material of a longitudinal axial flow harvester, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
The invention relates to a device for measuring the surface insulation and partial discharge characteristics of a material, which comprises an outer cavity, an upper electrode, an insulation sheath and a lower electrode;
the outer cavity comprises a cavity shell 1, a pull-out port 2, a barometer 3, a micro water sensor 4, an observation window 5, an interface window 6 and an air valve 7;
the side part of the longitudinal cylinder of the cavity shell 1 is provided with a drawing port 2, an observation window 5, an interface window 6 and an air valve 7; the upper electrode comprises an upper electrode plate 8, a high-voltage guide rod 9, an internal cooling oil circuit 10, a pressure equalizing device 11 and an anti-sinking plate 12;
the upper electrode plate 8 is connected with the high-voltage guide rod 9, and an internal cooling oil way 10 and a pressure equalizing device 11 are respectively arranged in and at the top of the high-voltage guide rod 9 and are connected with an anti-sinking plate 12 for fixation;
the insulation sheath comprises a sheath main body 13, a fluororubber sealing ring 14, a fixing bolt 15 and a polytetrafluoroethylene sealing bottom cover 16;
the sheath main body 13 is arranged at the top of the cavity housing 1 through a fixing bolt 15, and a fluororubber sealing ring 14 and a polytetrafluoroethylene sealing bottom cover 16 are arranged between the sheath main body and the cavity housing for sealing. The lower electrode comprises a lower electrode plate 17, an annular ceramic heating plate 18, a thermocouple 19, a lower electrode column 20, a supporting spring 21 and a lower electrode seat 22, wherein the lower electrode column 20 is a movable part, the lower electrode seat 22 is a fixed part and is a rotating body surrounding a central axis, and the lower electrode column 20 is inserted into the lower electrode seat 22 to ensure that the lower electrode column moves up and down only along the axial direction.
Preferably, the outer cavity is made of stainless steel, the flange at the top of the outer cavity and the insulating sheath are tightly sealed through screws and sealing rings, and all ports are of a double-ring static sealing structure.
Preferably, the openings of the cavity shell 1 are distributed according to an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is provided with a plurality of pulling ports 2 for installing barometers and density relays, the middle layer is provided with an observation window 5 for observing and taking and placing samples, and the lower layer is provided with an interface window 6 for installing a measuring lead interface, a control lead interface and a gas valve.
Preferably, the upper electrode plate 8 is made of aluminum alloy material, and the high-pressure guide rod 9 is provided with two interfaces for cooling oil to enter and exit, so that the high-pressure guide rod is connected with the internal cooling oil path 10.
Preferably, in order to prevent corona from occurring at the oil path interface and the electrode end, a equalizing ring and an equalizing ball are respectively arranged at the top of the high-voltage guide rod 9; in order to prevent the upper electrode from being relatively displaced under the action of gravity, an anti-sinking plate is mounted on the top of the sheath main body 13.
Preferably, the sheath main body 13 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the upper end of the insulating sheath is in contact with the anti-sinking plate of the upper electrode, so that the insulating sheath has supporting and sealing functions, and a cylindrical groove is formed in the cavity and used for prolonging the creepage distance and preventing the lower surface of the insulating sheath from flashover under a strong field.
Preferably, the lower electrode plate 17 is made of an aluminum alloy material.
The device for measuring the surface insulation and partial discharge characteristics of the material has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The test conditions can meet the requirements of actual working conditions, and the temperature gradient, the air pressure, the micro water and the metal particles can be adjusted simultaneously under the action of high-voltage stress;
(2) The corona-free design of the measuring device can realize that the measuring device is not interfered by corona caused by a strong electric field in the high-temperature and high-pressure experimental process;
(3) The temperature gradient, the air pressure, the micro water, the electric signal and the optical signal can be measured by multiple physical quantities.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a chamber in the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the outer chamber of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the upper electrode in the device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an insulating sheath in the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a lower electrode in the device of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings are:
a cavity shell 1, a pull-out port 2, a barometer 3, a micro-water sensor 4, an observation window 5, an interface window 6 and an air valve 7;
an upper electrode plate 8, a high-pressure guide rod 9, an internal cooling oil way 10, an 11 pressure equalizing device and a 12 anti-sinking plate;
13 sheath main body, 14 fluororubber sealing ring, 15 fixing bolt, 16 polytetrafluoroethylene sealing bottom cover;
17 lower electrode plate, 18 annular ceramic heating plate, 19 thermocouple, 20 lower electrode column, 21 supporting spring, 22 lower electrode seat.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below, together with the words of orientation, are exemplary and intended to explain the invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In one broad embodiment of the invention, a device for measuring surface insulation and partial discharge characteristics of a material mainly comprises an outer cavity, an upper electrode, an insulation sheath and a lower electrode. The outer cavity is used for sealing, supporting and fixing, the upper electrode is used for applying voltage and radiating heat, the insulating sheath is used for electrically insulating the upper electrode from the outer cavity, and the lower electrode is used for fixing a sample, controlling temperature and adjusting measurement.
The outer cavity comprises a cavity shell 1, a pull-out port 2, a barometer 3, a micro water sensor 4, an observation window 5, an interface window 6 and an air valve 7. The side part of the longitudinal cylinder of the cavity shell 1 is provided with a drawing port 2, an observation window 5, an interface window 6 and an air valve 7. In order to ensure the structural strength of the outer cavity, the material of the outer cavity is stainless steel. The flange at the top of the outer cavity and the insulating sheath are tightly sealed by screws and sealing rings, and all ports adopt a double-ring static sealing structure. The opening of the cavity shell 1 is distributed according to an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is provided with a plurality of pull openings 2 for installing barometers and density relays, the middle layer is provided with an observation window for observing and taking and placing samples, and the lower layer is provided with an interface window 6 for installing a measuring lead interface, a control lead interface and an air valve 7.
The upper electrode comprises an upper electrode plate 8, a high-voltage guide rod 9, an internal cooling oil circuit 10, a pressure equalizing device 11 and an anti-sinking plate 12. The upper electrode plate 8 is made of aluminum alloy. The upper electrode plate 8 is connected with the high-voltage guide rod 9, and an internal cooling oil way 10 and a pressure equalizing device 11 are respectively arranged in and at the top of the high-voltage guide rod 9 and are connected with an anti-sinking plate 12 for fixation. The high-pressure guide rod 9 is provided with two interfaces for cooling oil to enter and exit, so that the high-pressure guide rod is connected with an internal cooling oil path 10. During normal operation, heat energy of the upper electrode plate 8 is taken away through convection heat dissipation of cooling oil in the electrode, so that the temperature of the upper electrode plate 8 is maintained at a certain constant low temperature. In order to prevent corona from occurring at the oil path interface and the electrode end, a equalizing ring and an equalizing ball are respectively arranged at the top of the high-voltage guide rod 9. In order to prevent the upper electrode from being relatively displaced under the action of gravity, an anti-sinking plate is mounted on the top of the sheath main body 13.
The insulating sheath comprises a sheath main body 13, a fluororubber sealing ring 14, a fixing bolt 15 and a polytetrafluoroethylene sealing bottom cover 16. The sheath main body 13 is arranged at the top of the cavity housing 1 through a fixing bolt 15, and a fluororubber sealing ring 14 and a polytetrafluoroethylene sealing bottom cover 16 are arranged between the sheath main body and the cavity housing for sealing. The sheath main body 13 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the upper end of the insulating sheath is in contact with the anti-sinking plate of the upper electrode, the supporting and sealing functions are achieved, and a cylindrical groove is formed in the cavity and used for prolonging the creepage distance and preventing the lower surface of the insulating sheath from flashover under a strong field. The insulation sheath and the cavity shell flange are sealed by adopting a fluororubber sealing ring, so that the sealing performance of the device is ensured; the fixing bolts with the inner hexagonal flat round heads are used for fastening, so that the mechanical strength of the joint of the insulating sheath and the cavity flange under high air pressure is simultaneously met, and corona cannot be generated. Threads are formed on the inner side of the cylindrical groove of the insulating sheath and the polytetrafluoroethylene sealing bottom cover, and the insulating sheath and the polytetrafluoroethylene sealing bottom cover are mutually matched and screwed, so that the air tightness and the mechanical strength are enhanced.
The lower electrode comprises a lower electrode plate 17, an annular ceramic heating plate 18, a thermocouple 19, a lower electrode column 20, a support spring 21 and a lower electrode seat 22. The lower electrode plate 17 is made of aluminum alloy material. The temperature is controlled by the annular ceramic heating plate and the thermocouple, so that the high-temperature environment is ensured. The lower electrode column 20 is a movable portion, and the lower electrode holder 22 is a fixed portion, which are all rotating bodies around the central axis. The lower electrode column 20 is inserted into the lower electrode holder 22 to ensure only up-and-down movement in the axial direction. Mechanical force is applied through the support springs to ensure that the upper and lower electrodes tighten the sample.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the test conditions can meet the requirements of actual working conditions, and the temperature gradient, the air pressure, the micro water and the metal particles can be adjusted simultaneously under the action of high-voltage stress;
the temperature adjustment range is 0-150 ℃, and a certain temperature gradient is formed between the environment temperature of the sleeve shell and the supporting insulator between the center guide rod during actual operation due to the thermal effect in the use process of the center guide rod of the extra-high voltage direct current sleeve. In order to more accurately simulate the actual running condition, the annular ceramic heating plate 18 is clamped under the lower electrode plate 17 to be as close to the tested product as possible, so that the rapid temperature rise of the tested product is realized. The internal cooling oil passage 10 changes the heat radiation capacity by controlling the flow rate of the cooling oil to control the temperature of the upper electrode plate 8. Thermocouples 19 which can measure temperature under high pressure conditions extend into the upper part of the upper electrode plate 8 and the lower part of the lower electrode plate 17 respectively, as close to the measured product as possible, and due to the low thermal resistance of the metal electrodes, the arrangement can measure the temperature of the top and bottom of the sample as accurately as possible.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the air pressure adjusting range is 50 Pa-0.6 MPa, and the air pressure adjusting range is realized by matching the pull-out port 2, the air pressure gauge 3, the external vacuum pump and the protective air bottle. The pull-out port 2 is connected with a vacuum pump, a valve of the pull-out port 2 is opened, the vacuum pump is started until the barometer 3 displays 50Pa, the valve of the pull-out port 2 is closed, and the vacuum pump is closed and disconnected. Connect and pull out mouth 2 and the protection gas cylinder, open the valve of pulling out mouth 2, open the protection gas cylinder, until barometer 3 shows to the stipulated atmospheric pressure, close and pull out mouth 2 and protection gas cylinder valve and disconnect. When the air pressure is lower than 0.1MPa and the air needs to be exhausted outwards, connecting the pull-out port 2 with a vacuum pump, opening a valve of the pull-out port 2, starting the vacuum pump until the air pressure gauge 3 displays 50Pa, closing the valve of the pull-out port 2, closing the vacuum pump, disconnecting the vacuum pump, opening the valve of the pull-out port 2, and entering air until the air pressure in the cavity is 0.1MPa.
The micro water adjusting range is 10-40000ppm, and the micro water adjusting range is realized by matching the pull-out port 2, the micro water sensor 4 and an external high-precision sampler. And controlling the air pressure of the cavity to be 50Pa according to the air pressure regulating mode, and closing the inner valve and the outer valve of the pull-out port 2. And (3) absorbing a certain amount of water by using a high-precision sampler, injecting the water into the water-absorbing sponge, opening the outer valve of the pull-out port 2, and placing the sponge into an air chamber between the inner valve and the outer valve of the pull-out port 2. The outer valve of the pull-out port 2 is connected with the protective gas cylinder, and the inner valve of the pull-out port 2 and the protective gas cylinder are opened to be filled with gas, so that micro water enters the device and is uniformly distributed. The micro water content in the device is accurately controlled by the value measured by the micro water sensor 4.
The metal particles are adjusted in such a manner that a certain amount of metal particles are weighed by an electronic balance from prepared metal particles having a particle diameter ranging from 10 to 100 μm. The observation window 5 is opened, metal particles are placed on the surface of the lower electrode plate 17, and the observation window is closed.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the corona-free design of the measuring device can realize that the measuring device is not interfered by corona caused by a strong electric field in the high-temperature and high-pressure experimental process;
the upper electrode of the measuring device can apply 110kV positive DC voltage, and the upper electrode comprises an internal cooling oil circuit 10 and other complex temperature control devices. When the voltage is increased, the upper electrode bears high voltage, the oil inlet port and the oil outlet port of the internal cooling oil circuit 10 adopt equalizing rings of the equalizing device 11 to reduce the surface electric field, and the high-voltage guide rod 9 adopts equalizing balls of the equalizing device 11 to reduce the surface electric field below the corona-rising field intensity. In order to ensure both a tight connection of the jacket body 13 to the wall body housing 1 and a jacket surface field which is less than the corona onset field strength, a fixing bolt 15 is used for tightening. In order to ensure that the surface field intensity of the annular ceramic heating plate 18, the thermocouple 19 and the lower electrode column 20 of the lower electrode is smaller than the corona starting field intensity, a lower electrode plate 17 of an annular surrounding structure is adopted.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the measurement of multiple physical quantities of temperature gradient, air pressure, micro water, electric signals and optical signals can be realized.
The temperature gradient is measured at multiple points of the upper electrode plate 8, the lower electrode plate 17 and the sample by the thermocouple 19, and is displayed on a display screen through a data transmission line. The air pressure is measured and displayed by the air pressure gauge 3. The micro water content is measured by a micro water sensor 4 and displayed on a display screen through a data transmission line. The electrical signal measurement is measured by an external measurement loop connected to the lower electrode. The optical signal measurement is performed by mounting the measuring device on the observation window 5.
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A material surface insulation and partial discharge characteristic measuring device comprises an outer cavity, an upper electrode, an insulation sheath and a lower electrode;
the outer cavity comprises a cavity shell (1), a pull-out port (2), a barometer (3), a micro water sensor (4), an observation window (5), an interface window (6) and an air valve (7);
the side part of the longitudinal cylinder of the cavity shell (1) is provided with a drawing port (2), an observation window (5), an interface window (6) and an air valve (7); the upper electrode comprises an upper electrode plate (8), a high-voltage guide rod (9), an internal cooling oil way (10), a pressure equalizing device (11) and an anti-sinking plate (12);
the upper electrode plate (8) is connected with the high-pressure guide rod (9), an internal cooling oil way (10) and a pressure equalizing device (11) are respectively arranged in the high-pressure guide rod (9) and at the top, and the upper electrode plate is connected with the anti-sinking plate (12) for fixation;
the insulation sheath comprises a sheath main body (13), a fluororubber sealing ring (14), a fixing bolt (15) and a polytetrafluoroethylene sealing bottom cover (16);
the utility model discloses a high-voltage power supply device, including cavity shell (1), sheath main part (13), lower electrode, supporting spring (21) and lower electrode seat (22), sheath main part (13) are installed at cavity shell (1) top through fixing bolt (15), install fluororubber sealing washer (14) and polytetrafluoroethylene sealing bottom (16) seal between, the lower electrode includes lower electrode plate (17), annular ceramic heating plate (18), thermocouple (19), lower electrode post (20), supporting spring (21), lower electrode post (20) are movable part, and lower electrode seat (22) are fixed part, are the rotator around the central axis all, in lower electrode post (20) inserts lower electrode seat (22), guarantee only follow the axis direction and reciprocate.
2. The device for measuring the surface insulation and partial discharge characteristics of a material according to claim 1, wherein the outer cavity is made of stainless steel, the top flange of the outer cavity and the insulation sheath are tightly sealed by screws and sealing rings, and all ports are of a double-ring static sealing structure.
3. The device for measuring the surface insulation and partial discharge characteristics of the material according to claim 1, wherein the openings of the cavity shell (1) are distributed according to an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is provided with a plurality of pulling ports (2) for installing barometers and density relays, the middle layer is provided with an observation window (5) for observing and taking and placing samples, and the lower layer is provided with an interface window (6) for installing a measurement lead interface, a control lead interface and a gas valve.
4. The device for measuring the surface insulation and partial discharge characteristics of materials according to claim 1, wherein the upper electrode plate (8) is made of aluminum alloy materials, and the high-voltage guide rod (9) is provided with two interfaces for cooling oil to enter and exit so as to be connected with the internal cooling oil path (10).
5. The device for measuring the surface insulation and partial discharge characteristics of the material according to claim 1, wherein in order to prevent corona from occurring at the oil path interface and the electrode end, a equalizing ring and a equalizing ball are respectively installed at the top of the high-voltage guide rod (9).
6. The device for measuring the surface insulation and partial discharge characteristics of materials according to claim 5, wherein the sheath main body (13) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the upper end of the insulating sheath is in contact with the anti-sinking plate (12) of the upper electrode, the anti-sinking plate has the functions of supporting and sealing, and a cylindrical groove is arranged in the cavity and used for prolonging the creepage distance and preventing the lower surface of the insulating sheath from flashover under a strong field.
7. The device for measuring the surface insulation and partial discharge characteristics of a material according to claim 1, wherein the lower electrode plate (17) is made of an aluminum alloy material.
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| CN202110539279.0A CN113466635B (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Material surface insulation and partial discharge characteristic measuring device |
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| CN202110539279.0A CN113466635B (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Material surface insulation and partial discharge characteristic measuring device |
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