CN113466618A - FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault positioning method - Google Patents
FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault positioning method Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of power cables, and adopts the technical scheme that: the FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault positioning method comprises the following main steps: s1, converting the time domain oscillation pulse based on the frequency domain reflection; s2, making corresponding reflection peak polarity judgment on the propagation characteristic of the time domain oscillation pulse; and S3, the conversion of the time domain oscillation pulse based on the frequency domain reflection is proved through simulation and actual measurement tests. The method can display the position of the insulation hot spot in the cable, so that the method can assist a frequency domain reflection curve to carry out insulation hot spot positioning, and meanwhile, the time domain oscillation pulse conversion scheme can combine a frequency domain reflection technology and a time-frequency domain reflection technology, realizes the frequency domain and time-frequency domain combined diagnosis of the cable by means of the existing time-frequency domain reflection technology, and can quickly position the fault position of the submarine cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power cables, in particular to a fault positioning method for recovering an upper envelope submarine cable by FDR time domain oscillation pulses.
Background
In the frequency domain reflection test process of long cable, the cable length overlength leads to the high frequency composition of signal to attenuate great in the cable body, the impedance mismatch of cable head end and test equipment anchor clamps junction can lead to the further decay of signal high frequency composition simultaneously, therefore the high frequency composition attenuation of signal is very big in the frequency domain reflection test process of actual long cable, when test upper limit frequency sets up too high, not only can't gather the reflection information of high frequency part, but also can introduce great noise, reduce test effect, lead to the position that can't fix a position the submarine cable trouble.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the background technology, and provides a method for locating the fault of an FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault positioning method comprises the following main steps:
s1, converting the time domain oscillation pulse based on the frequency domain reflection;
s2, making corresponding reflection peak polarity judgment on the propagation characteristic of the time domain oscillation pulse;
and S3, the conversion of the time domain oscillation pulse based on the frequency domain reflection is proved through simulation and actual measurement tests.
Preferably, the S1 includes:
s11, firstly, carrying out a frequency domain reflection test on the simulation cable;
s12, calculating the frequency domain reflection test data;
and S13, finally obtaining a frequency domain reflection waveform and a converted time domain oscillation pulse waveform diagram.
Preferably, in the time domain oscillation pulse waveform diagram obtained in S13, the horizontal axis of the time domain oscillation pulse waveform is converted from time to distance from the head end by the wave velocity of the electromagnetic wave in the cable, and the horizontal axis position of the reflected wave at the head end of the cable is set to 0, so that the time domain oscillation pulse waveform of the insulation hot spot is visually observed.
Preferably, the S2 includes:
s21, finding out corresponding reflected oscillating waves in the converted time domain oscillating pulse waveform;
s22, determining the center positions of the upper envelope line and the lower envelope line of the reflected oscillation wave, regarding the positions as the time bandwidth center of the reflected wave, then taking the first peak lagging behind the time bandwidth center as a main peak, and judging the polarity of the reflected peak according to the peak direction of the main peak;
s23, making an upper envelope curve in the time domain of the simulation cable sample;
s24, combining the traditional time-frequency domain reflection technology with the frequency domain reflection technology;
and S25, making a time domain pulse waveform of the simulation cable sample.
Preferably, the S24 specifically includes: firstly, the converted time domain oscillation pulse waveform is subjected to Hilbert transformation to obtain a corresponding complex signal, then the complex signal is transformed into a time frequency domain by a Weiganan distribution and time frequency analysis method, and finally, the insulation hot spot positioning is realized by means of a time frequency cross-correlation algorithm.
Preferably, the S3 includes:
s31: setting an open circuit fault on the cable;
s32: carrying out a frequency domain reflection test on the outdoor terminal at the head end of the cable;
s33: obtaining a frequency domain reflection curve and a time domain oscillation pulse waveform;
s34: making an upper envelope line in a time domain of the measured data of the submarine cable;
s35: and obtaining the converted time domain pulse waveform of the submarine cable.
Preferably, the data frequency range in S3 is 150kHz to 1.5MHz, and the number of test points is 3000.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method is suitable for a long cable system with more low-frequency-band frequency domain reflection missing data, the waveform characteristics of the envelope curve on the time domain oscillation pulse obtained through conversion are less affected by dispersion and attenuation in the cable, and the position of an insulation hot spot in the cable can be displayed, so that a frequency domain reflection curve can be assisted to carry out insulation hot spot positioning.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a frequency domain reflection curve diagram of a No. 6 simulation cable sample of the FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a time domain oscillation pulse waveform diagram of the No. 6 simulation cable sample conversion of the FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a frequency domain reflection curve diagram of a No. 7 simulation cable sample of the FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a time domain oscillation pulse waveform diagram of No. 7 simulation cable sample conversion of the FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a frequency domain reflection curve diagram of a No. 8 simulation cable sample of the FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a time domain oscillation pulse waveform diagram of the No. 8 simulation cable sample conversion of the FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a time domain upper envelope curve diagram of No. 6-8 simulation cable samples of the FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a converted time domain pulse waveform of No. 6 simulation cable of FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a converted time domain pulse waveform of No. 7 emulation cable of FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a converted time domain pulse waveform of No. 8 simulation cable of FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph of measured frequency domain reflection of a submarine cable according to the FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a time domain oscillation pulse waveform diagram of the actual measurement and conversion of the submarine cable according to the FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a time domain upper envelope curve diagram of submarine cable measured data according to the FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope curve submarine cable fault location method of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a time domain pulse waveform diagram of the conversion of measured submarine cable data according to the method for locating a fault of an upper envelope submarine cable by FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
The method for restoring the fault location of the upper envelope submarine cable by FDR time domain oscillation pulses comprises the following main steps:
s1, converting the time domain oscillation pulse based on the frequency domain reflection;
s2, making corresponding reflection peak polarity judgment on the propagation characteristic of the time domain oscillation pulse;
and S3, the conversion of the time domain oscillation pulse based on the frequency domain reflection is proved through simulation and actual measurement tests.
In this embodiment, the S1 includes:
s11, firstly, carrying out a frequency domain reflection test on the simulation cable;
s12, calculating the frequency domain reflection test data;
and S13, finally obtaining a frequency domain reflection waveform and a converted time domain oscillation pulse waveform diagram.
In the S13, the time-domain oscillation pulse waveform diagram is obtained, and the transverse axis of the time-domain oscillation pulse waveform is converted from time to distance from the head end by the wave velocity of the electromagnetic wave in the cable, and the transverse axis position of the reflected wave at the head end of the cable is set to 0, so that the time-domain oscillation pulse waveform of the insulation hot spot is visually observed.
The specific operation method comprises the following steps: the cable is set to be a long cable, L is 3000m, x is 2300m, the test frequency band is 150 kHz-4 MHz, the frequency interval is 0.001MHz, and the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 insulating hot spot parameter setting of simulation long cable model
And carrying out frequency domain reflection test on No. 6-8 simulation cables, and then calculating frequency domain reflection test data to obtain a frequency domain reflection waveform and a converted time domain oscillation pulse waveform.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 to 10, the S2 includes:
s21, finding out corresponding reflected oscillating waves in the converted time domain oscillating pulse waveform;
s22, determining the center positions of the upper envelope line and the lower envelope line of the reflected oscillation wave, regarding the positions as the time bandwidth center of the reflected wave, then taking the first peak lagging behind the time bandwidth center as a main peak, and judging the polarity of the reflected peak according to the peak direction of the main peak;
s23, making an upper envelope curve in the time domain of the simulation cable sample;
s24, combining the traditional time-frequency domain reflection technology with the frequency domain reflection technology;
and S25, making a time domain pulse waveform of the simulation cable sample.
The specific operation method comprises the following steps: the horizontal axis of the time domain oscillation pulse waveform is converted from time to distance from the head end by means of the wave velocity of the electromagnetic wave in the cable, and the horizontal axis position of the reflected wave at the head end of the cable is set to 0.
For the sample No. 6 simulated cable in fig. 1 and 2, the frequency domain reflection curve shows reflection peaks at 2300m and 3000m from the head end, although this peak effectively gives the location of the insulation hot spot, the polarity of the corresponding peak is not indicated, finding corresponding reflected oscillating waves at positions 2300m and 3000m away from the head end in the converted time domain oscillating pulse waveform, determining the central positions of the upper envelope and the lower envelope of the reflected oscillating waves, regarding the positions as the time bandwidth center of the reflected waves, then the first peak lagging behind the center of the time bandwidth is taken as a main peak, the polarity of the reflection peak is judged according to the peak direction of the main peak, thereby determining that the main peaks of the reflected wave at 2300m and 3000m from the head end are a main peak x and a main peak l, respectively, the peak direction of the main peak x is downward, therefore, the reflection wave peak from the head end 2300m is judged to be a negative polarity, which is consistent with the real situation of impedance reduction at the grounding fault position of the transiting resistor; the peak direction of the main peak l is upward, and thus the peak of the reflection wave at 3000m from the head end is judged to be positive, which is consistent with the real situation that the impedance is increased at the open circuit arranged at the tail end.
As can be seen from analysis of fig. 3-6, for both the simulated cable samples No. 7 and No. 8, the frequency domain reflection curve exhibits a reflection peak at 2300m, similar to the sample of the simulated cable No. 6, the polarity of the reflection peak at 2300m cannot be determined by the frequency domain reflection curve, theoretically, the polarities of the reflection peaks at 2300m of the sample of the simulated cable No. 7 and the sample of the simulated cable No. 8 are opposite, but are nearly identical in the frequency domain reflection curve, finding corresponding time domain oscillation pulses at a position 2300m away from the head end in the time domain oscillation pulse waveforms of No. 7 and No. 8 simulation cable samples obtained by conversion, then determining a main peak x, the polarity of the reflection peak is determined according to the peak direction of the main peak x, the peak direction of the main peak x of the No. 7 simulation cable sample is upward, therefore, the reflection peak of the No. 7 simulation cable sample at the position 2300m away from the head end is judged to be positive, and the reflection peak is consistent with the real situation that the impedance is increased due to the open circuit fault arranged at the position. The x peak direction of the main peak of the No. 8 simulation cable sample is downward, so that the reflection peak of the No. 8 simulation cable sample at a position 2300m away from the head end is judged to be negative, and the situation is consistent with the real situation that the impedance is reduced due to the short-circuit fault arranged at the position.
g (t) when the cable is transmitted, the waveform of the upper envelope line in the time domain is hardly influenced by attenuation and dispersion effects, and the upper envelope line in the time domain of the reflected wave is hardly distorted, so that the curve can also be used for positioning the insulation hot spot, the upper envelope lines in the time domain of No. 6-8 simulation cable samples are made as shown in FIG. 7, the upper envelope lines in the time domain of No. 6 simulation cable samples have peaks at 2300m and 3000m, and the upper envelope lines in the time domain of No. 7 and No. 8 simulation cable samples have peaks at 2300m, so that 3 groups of curves are positioned at the insulation hot spot of the respective simulation cable samples, and the curve can be used as supplementary verification of a frequency domain reflection curve to realize accurate positioning of the insulation hot spot.
g (t) is a Gaussian envelope narrow-band signal, so that the converted time-domain oscillation pulse waveform can be used in the time-frequency domain reflection technology, and the advantages of the traditional time-frequency domain reflection technology are combined with the frequency domain reflection technology, so that the accurate positioning of the insulation hot spot is realized. The method comprises the following specific operations: firstly, the converted time domain oscillation pulse waveform is subjected to Hilbert transformation to obtain a corresponding complex signal, then the complex signal is transformed into a time frequency domain by a Weiganan distribution and time frequency analysis method, and finally, the insulation hot spot positioning is realized by means of a time frequency cross-correlation algorithm.
As shown in fig. 8-10, a time domain pulse waveform diagram of a No. 6-8 simulation cable sample is made, and it can be seen from the diagram that when the upper limit frequency of the test is too low, the ratio of the missing low-frequency-band data amount is increased, the baseline fluctuation in the converted time domain pulse waveform is strong, and the strong baseline fluctuation is easy to cover the weak time domain reflection pulse waveform on one hand; and on the other hand, the time domain reflected pulse waveform is distorted. Meanwhile, the fluctuation of the baseline is further increased along with the reduction of the upper limit frequency, the pollution to the converted time domain pulse waveform is larger, and the time domain characteristics of the time domain reflection pulse waveform are gradually blurred, and as can be seen by comparing fig. 6-10 with fig. 1-2-5-6, the converted time domain oscillation pulse has no problem of baseline fluctuation, and the time domain characteristics are clearer.
In this embodiment, the S3 includes:
s31: setting an open circuit fault on the cable;
s32: carrying out a frequency domain reflection test on the outdoor terminal at the head end of the cable;
s33: obtaining a frequency domain reflection curve and a time domain oscillation pulse waveform;
s34: making an upper envelope line in a time domain of the measured data of the submarine cable;
s35: and obtaining the converted time domain pulse waveform of the submarine cable.
The specific operation method comprises the following steps: in order to actually verify the feasibility of the time-domain oscillation pulse conversion scheme provided in this chapter, a test is performed on a 110kV crosslinked polyethylene submarine cable, the cable has an open-circuit fault at a 7470m position, an outdoor terminal usually exists in a running high-voltage cable, impedance mismatching between the outdoor terminal and a test fixture causes strong attenuation of a high-frequency signal at the position, on the other hand, a large cable length in a long cable system also causes strong attenuation of the high-frequency signal, at this time, if an upper limit frequency in an actual frequency-domain reflection test is set too high, not only a test effect cannot be enhanced, but also more noise is introduced, so that the upper limit frequency in the long cable system is usually low, a low-frequency band loss due to the lower limit frequency exists, when the upper limit frequency is not high, a loss proportion of the low frequency band increases, and a good time-domain pulse cannot be converted, can only be converted into time-domain oscillation pulses in this chapter.
The frequency domain reflection test is carried out on the outdoor terminal head at the head end of the cable, the data frequency range is 150 kHz-1.5 MHz, the number of test points is 3000, the data is processed to obtain a frequency domain reflection curve and a time domain oscillation pulse waveform as shown in 11-12, as can be seen from the figure, the frequency domain reflection curve has a reflection peak at the position of 7430m, in case of error allowance, the curve is considered to successfully locate 7470m fault, according to the locating result of the frequency domain reflection curve, finding a reflected wave at 7430m in the transformed time-domain oscillating waveform, determining a main peak of the reflected wave, the peak direction of the main peak is upward, so that the reflection peak is judged to be positive, the characteristic impedance of the position is increased and is consistent with the preset open-circuit fault condition of the cable, therefore, the method can effectively position the insulation hot spot in the long cable and judge the polarity of the reflection peak at the insulation hot spot, and further perform depth analysis on the insulation hot spot.
The upper envelope curve in the time domain of the measured data of the submarine cable is shown in fig. 13-and can be seen from the figure that the curve has a peak value at the position 7430m, and under the condition that the error is allowed, the curve is also successfully positioned at the position 7430m of the cable, and the positioning result of the frequency domain reflection curve is consistent, so that mutual verification is formed, and the accurate positioning of the insulation hot spot is realized.
The converted time domain pulse waveform of the submarine cable is shown in fig. 14, and it can be seen from the figure that, because the upper limit frequency is too low, the baseline of the time domain pulse waveform fluctuates sharply, the time domain pulse waveform of the reflected wave has large distortion, and the observation of the time domain characteristics of the reflected pulse at the insulation hot spot is not facilitated. As can be seen from comparison between fig. 14 and fig. 11 to 12, for a long cable system with a low test upper limit frequency, the time domain waveform information of the insulation hot spot can be more effectively extracted by the time domain oscillation pulse conversion method based on frequency domain reflection.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
- The FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault positioning method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following main steps:s1, converting the time domain oscillation pulse based on the frequency domain reflection;s2, making corresponding reflection peak polarity judgment on the propagation characteristic of the time domain oscillation pulse;and S3, the conversion of the time domain oscillation pulse based on the frequency domain reflection is proved through simulation and actual measurement tests.
- 2. The FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method according to claim 1, wherein: the S1 includes:s11, firstly, carrying out a frequency domain reflection test on the simulation cable;s12, calculating the frequency domain reflection test data;and S13, finally obtaining a frequency domain reflection waveform and a converted time domain oscillation pulse waveform diagram.
- 3. The FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method according to claim 2, wherein: in the S13, the time-domain oscillation pulse waveform diagram is obtained, and the transverse axis of the time-domain oscillation pulse waveform is converted from time to distance from the head end by the wave velocity of the electromagnetic wave in the cable, and the transverse axis position of the reflected wave at the head end of the cable is set to 0, so that the time-domain oscillation pulse waveform of the insulation hot spot is visually observed.
- 4. The FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method according to claim 1, wherein: the S2 includes:s21, finding out corresponding reflected oscillating waves in the converted time domain oscillating pulse waveform;s22, determining the center positions of the upper envelope line and the lower envelope line of the reflected oscillation wave, regarding the positions as the time bandwidth center of the reflected wave, then taking the first peak lagging behind the time bandwidth center as a main peak, and judging the polarity of the reflected peak according to the peak direction of the main peak;s23, making an upper envelope curve in the time domain of the simulation cable sample;s24, combining the traditional time-frequency domain reflection technology with the frequency domain reflection technology;and S25, making a time domain pulse waveform of the simulation cable sample.
- 5. The FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method according to claim 1, wherein: the S24 specifically operates as follows: firstly, the converted time domain oscillation pulse waveform is subjected to Hilbert transformation to obtain a corresponding complex signal, then the complex signal is transformed into a time frequency domain by a Weiganan distribution and time frequency analysis method, and finally, the insulation hot spot positioning is realized by means of a time frequency cross-correlation algorithm.
- 6. The FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method according to claim 1, wherein: the S3 includes:s31: setting an open circuit fault on the cable;s32: carrying out a frequency domain reflection test on the outdoor terminal at the head end of the cable;s33: obtaining a frequency domain reflection curve and a time domain oscillation pulse waveform;s34: making an upper envelope line in a time domain of the measured data of the submarine cable;s35: and obtaining the converted time domain pulse waveform of the submarine cable.
- 7. The FDR time domain oscillation pulse recovery upper envelope submarine cable fault location method according to claim 1, wherein: the data frequency range in the S3 is 150 kHz-1.5 MHz, and the number of test points is 3000.
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