CN113465723A - Vibration source detection method, storage medium, vibration detection device and vibration detection system - Google Patents
Vibration source detection method, storage medium, vibration detection device and vibration detection system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A vibration source detection method, a storage medium, a vibration detection device and a vibration detection system are provided, wherein the vibration source detection method comprises the following steps: selecting at least four vibration detection points in a detection area; acquiring first position information and time information of each vibration detection point; acquiring first vibration data of each vibration detection point, and generating second vibration data according to the first vibration data and time information; constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system on a plane where the detection area is located; establishing a distance difference hyperbolic equation; determining second position information of the vibration source according to a plurality of distance difference hyperbolic equations; and calculating the amplitude information of the vibration source according to the second position information of the vibration source, the second vibration data of the vibration detection point and the first position information. The embodiment of the invention greatly reduces the time cost and the labor cost of data acquisition, and can reduce the influence of a complex environment on the data acquisition because the requirement on the position of the vibration detection point is not high, thereby effectively improving the precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of engineering monitoring, and particularly relates to a vibration source detection method, a storage medium, a vibration detection device and a vibration detection system.
Background
In the fields of railways, tunnels, bridges, mining, geological exploration, water conservancy and hydropower and the like, frequent vibration detection is required, particularly, during engineering blasting, vibration detection is an essential link, and real-time detection of the state of a vibration source is a necessary component of vibration detection. At present, the vibration state is measured by installing a vibration sensor, directly acquiring the amplitude of a vibration source through the vibration sensor, moving the vibration sensor to measure at different positions, and then estimating the position of the vibration source according to the difference of the vibration intensity at different positions. However, when the position of the vibration source is determined by this monitoring method, it takes a lot of time and labor costs, and when the object to be measured is in a severe environment, it is easily affected by the surrounding environment, and it is difficult to accurately determine the amplitude and position of the vibration source, i.e. the accuracy is low, and the low-accuracy data easily causes hidden troubles in the subsequent engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a vibration source detection method, which solves the problems of long time and poor precision of vibration detection. The invention also provides a storage medium for storing computer executable instructions of the vibration source detection method, a vibration detection device and a vibration detection system.
The vibration source detection method according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes the steps of:
selecting at least four vibration detection points in a detection area;
acquiring first position information and time information of each vibration detection point;
acquiring first vibration data of each vibration detection point, and generating second vibration data according to the first vibration data and time information;
constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system on the plane of the detection area;
selecting at least two groups of the two vibration detection points as one group;
establishing a distance difference hyperbolic equation in the two-dimensional coordinate system according to the second vibration data and the first position information of each group of vibration detection points;
determining second position information of the vibration source according to a plurality of distance difference hyperbolic equations;
and calculating the amplitude information of the vibration source according to the second position information of the vibration source, the second vibration data of the vibration detection point and the first position information.
The vibration source detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following technical effects: by arranging a plurality of vibration detection points in the detection area, vibration detection can be simultaneously realized for a plurality of positions; by calculating the distance difference hyperbolic equation of each group of vibration detection points, the area of the vibration source in the two-dimensional coordinate system can be quickly determined, and then second position information of the vibration source is determined through a plurality of groups of distance difference hyperbolic equations; by determining the distance information between the vibration detection point and the vibration source and the amplitude of the vibration detection point, the amplitude of the vibration source can be directly and effectively calculated. Compared with the traditional detection mode, the vibration source detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention greatly reduces the time cost and the labor cost of data acquisition, and has low requirement on the position of the vibration detection point, so that the influence of a complex environment on the data acquisition can be reduced, and the precision can be effectively improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the vibration detection points are arranged in a diamond shape in the detection area.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the establishing a hyperbolic distance equation in the two-dimensional coordinate system according to the second vibration data and the first position information of each set of the vibration detection points includes:
acquiring the vibration starting time difference of each group of vibration detection points according to the second vibration data of each group of vibration detection points;
calculating the vibration distance difference between each group of vibration detection points according to a preset vibration propagation speed and the vibration starting time difference;
and constructing the hyperbolic equation of the distance difference according to the first position information of each group of the vibration detection points and the corresponding vibration distance difference.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the calculating of the amplitude information of the vibration source according to the second position information of the vibration source and the second vibration data and the first position information of the vibration detection point is performed by the following formula:
in the formula, ArRepresenting the amplitude of said vibration detection point, A0Representing the amplitude of the vibration source, r0Representing a preset equivalent radius of the wave source, r representing the distance of the vibration detection point from the vibration source, epsilon0Expressed as a predetermined dimensionless coefficient, alpha0Represents the energy absorption coefficient of the soil, f0Representing a preset source disturbance frequency.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform a vibration source detection method as described above.
The computer-readable storage medium according to the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages: storage and transfer of computer-executable instructions may be facilitated by a storage medium.
A vibration detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention includes:
the vibration sensor is used for acquiring first vibration data;
the GNSS unit is used for acquiring first position information and time information;
a communication unit;
and the processor unit is respectively connected with the vibration sensor, the GNSS unit and the communication unit, and is used for marking time information on the first vibration data to generate second vibration data and transmitting the position information and the second vibration data to a server through the communication unit.
The vibration detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following technical effects: the first vibration data in the detection area can be effectively acquired through the vibration sensor; the GNSS unit can acquire high-precision first position information and time information, so that the precision of the second vibration data can be effectively ensured; the communication with the server can be realized through the communication unit. Compared with the traditional vibration detection device, the vibration detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention has higher acquisition precision, and the built-in processor unit can be used for carrying out preliminary processing on data, so that the time occupied by data transmission with a server is reduced, and the subsequent data processing of the server is facilitated.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the vibration detection device further includes an RTC unit connected to the processor unit, the RTC unit being configured to provide spare time information.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a battery cell is connected to the RTC unit.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the vibration detection apparatus further comprises a storage unit connected to the processor unit, the storage unit being configured to store the second vibration data and the position information.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the storage unit comprises at least one of an SD card, FLASH.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the storage unit further stores firmware upgrade data received by the processor unit through the communication unit.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the communication unit comprises at least an ethernet communication module, a cellular communication module, both connected to the processor unit.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the vibration sensor is a magneto-electric vibration sensor.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the magnetoelectric vibration sensor comprises:
a housing;
the first magnet is arranged at the bottom in the shell;
the second magnet is arranged in the first shell and positioned above the first magnet, and the magnetic pole of the second magnet is arranged opposite to that of the first magnet and is used for keeping suspension under the combined action of the self gravity and the interaction force of the second magnet and the first magnet;
the coil is arranged on the side surface of the shell;
and the signal conversion module is connected between the coil and the processor unit and is used for converting the electromotive force generated by cutting the coil by the second magnet into a digital signal.
A vibration detection system according to an embodiment of a fourth aspect of the present invention includes: .
The vibration detection devices are used for acquiring second vibration data and position information of different vibration detection points;
and the server is respectively connected with the plurality of vibration detection devices and is used for receiving the second vibration data and the position information transmitted by the plurality of vibration detection devices and calculating the second position information and the amplitude information of the vibration source.
The vibration detection system provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following technical effects: through arranging a plurality of vibration detection devices in the detection area, the vibration detection can be realized for a plurality of vibration detection points at the same time, and then the subsequent second position information and the amplitude of the vibration source can be conveniently and rapidly calculated. Compared with the traditional detection device, the vibration detection system of the embodiment of the invention greatly reduces the time cost and the labor cost of data acquisition, and can reduce the influence of a complex environment on the data acquisition because the position requirement on the vibration detection point is not high, thereby effectively improving the precision.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a simplified flow diagram of a vibration source detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of the structure of a vibration detecting apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the synthesis of waveforms collected by two vibration detection devices in the same group.
Reference numerals:
A communication unit 300,
A processor unit 400,
An RTC unit 500,
A memory cell 600,
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the directional descriptions, such as the directions of upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., are referred to only for convenience of describing the present invention and for simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
A vibration source detecting method according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
The vibration source detection method comprises the following steps:
selecting at least four vibration detection points in a detection area;
acquiring first position information and time information of each vibration detection point;
acquiring first vibration data of each vibration detection point, and generating second vibration data according to the first vibration data and time information;
constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system on a plane where the detection area is located;
selecting at least two groups of vibration detection points as one group;
establishing a distance difference hyperbolic equation in a two-dimensional coordinate system according to the second vibration data and the first position information of each group of vibration detection points;
determining second position information of the vibration source according to a plurality of distance difference hyperbolic equations;
and calculating the amplitude information of the vibration source according to the second position information of the vibration source, the second vibration data of the vibration detection point and the first position information.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, before performing vibration detection, it is necessary to select vibration detection points and then arrange a vibration detection device on each vibration detection point. The GNSS unit 200 of the vibration detection apparatus obtains the first position information and the time information of the detection point, and the GNSS unit 200 can provide high-precision positioning parameters and time service, thereby providing a basis for improving the detection precision. Meanwhile, the first vibration data of the vibration detection point can be continuously collected by the vibration sensor 100 in the vibration detection device. The first vibration data does not contain time information because it is directly collected by the vibration sensor 100, and the time information is marked into the first vibration data to generate second vibration data characterized by the time information.
After the second vibration data and the first position information of each vibration detection device are obtained, the subsequent positioning of the vibration source can be carried out. Here, the vibration source is mainly located in a manner that a plurality of curves are intersected and then the region where the vibration source is located is determined. For the convenience of operation, a two-dimensional coordinate system is established by taking the detection area as a plane, and each vibration detection point has corresponding coordinates in the two-dimensional coordinate system, namely (x)1,y1)，(x2,y2)，……，(xn,yn) And n is the number of vibration detection points. The positioning of the vibration source is briefly described below.
Firstly, at least two groups of vibration detection points are selected from the vibration detection points, each group has two vibration detection points, then after the vibration source vibrates, the specific vibration starting time of each vibration detection point can be known through the second vibration data of each vibration detection point, namely the time of the vibration from the vibration source to the vibration detection point, and a time difference delta must exist between the time of the vibration from the vibration source to the vibration detection pointtThe propagation speed of the vibration can be determined in advance after the propagation medium is determined, so that the following formula can be used: Δ d is c (Δ t), and c is a propagation velocity, and the vibration distance difference between the two vibration points is directly calculated. In a two-dimensional coordinate system, there are two determined points, and the vibration distance difference between the two points is a fixed value, so that a hyperbolic equation can be generated in the two-dimensional coordinate system, and a unique curve can be determined considering that the vibration distance difference is a unique value, and the vibration source must exist on the curve without considering the measurement error. One curve can be determined by one group of vibration detection points, two curves can be determined by two groups of vibration points, and then the intersection point of the two curves is necessarily the vibration sourcePosition, i.e. second position information of the vibration source.
In actual engineering, data deviation may occur due to detection errors or detection accuracy problems, more hyperbolas may be obtained by selecting more sets of vibration detection points, then calculating the area where the intersection points of the multiple sets of hyperbolas are located, and finally determining the position of the vibration source according to the area.
After the second position information of the vibration source is obtained, the amplitude information of the vibration source is calculated, and the determination of the vibration source can be completed. The vibration source amplitude information can be directly calculated by utilizing the law of vibration attenuation, after the second position information of the known vibration source and the first position information of the vibration detection point, the vibration propagation distance between the known vibration source and the vibration detection point can be determined, the vibration attenuation has a certain law, the degree of attenuation after the vibration propagation distance is transmitted after the vibration source vibrates can be determined, and the amplitude of the vibration detection point can be directly known because the first vibration data of the vibration detection point is known, so the amplitude of the vibration source can be deduced. In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of vibration detection points are used to calculate the amplitude information of the vibration source, so as to prevent the calculation result from deviating due to the detection error of a certain vibration detection point.
According to the vibration source detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of vibration detection points are arranged in the detection area, so that vibration detection can be simultaneously realized for a plurality of positions; by calculating the distance difference hyperbolic equation of each group of vibration detection points, the area of the vibration source in the two-dimensional coordinate system can be quickly determined, and then second position information of the vibration source is determined through a plurality of groups of distance difference hyperbolic equations; by determining the distance information between the vibration detection point and the vibration source and the amplitude of the vibration detection point, the amplitude of the vibration source can be directly and effectively calculated. Compared with the traditional detection mode, the vibration source detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention greatly reduces the time cost and the labor cost of data acquisition, and has low requirement on the position of the vibration detection point, so that the influence of a complex environment on the data acquisition can be reduced, and the precision can be effectively improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the vibration detection points are arranged in a diamond shape in the detection area. The diamond arrangement can ensure that the data collected by the vibration sensor 100 can have larger difference as much as possible, thereby facilitating the subsequent position calculation and amplitude calculation of the vibration source. In some embodiments of the present invention, there are four vibration detection points, and then the four points may be directly selected as four vertices of a diamond. In some embodiments of the present invention, the vibration detection points may also be distributed in other patterns such as a trapezoid, a square, and the like, so as to avoid linearly arranging all the vibration detection points as much as possible.
In some embodiments of the present invention, establishing a hyperbolic distance equation in a two-dimensional coordinate system according to the first position information and the second vibration data of each set of vibration detection points includes the following steps:
acquiring the vibration starting time difference of each group of vibration detection points according to the second vibration data of each group of vibration detection points;
calculating the vibration distance difference between each group of vibration detection points according to the preset vibration propagation speed and the vibration starting time difference;
and constructing a distance difference hyperbolic equation according to the first position information of each group of vibration detection points and the corresponding vibration distance difference.
When the vibration source vibrates, the time of the vibration propagating to the vibration detection point can be known through the second vibration data of each vibration detection point, and then a time difference delta must exist between the time of the vibration propagating to the two vibration detection points in the same grouptOn the premise that the vibration propagation speed is known, the vibration distance difference between the two vibration points can be directly calculated, and a hyperbolic equation of the distance difference is determined, namely, two determined points exist in a two-dimensional coordinate system, and the vibration distance difference between the two points is a fixed value, so that a hyperbolic equation can be generated in the two-dimensional coordinate system.
Take four vibration detection points as an example. The distance difference value between the two groups of vibration detection points and the vibration source and the positioning equation are respectively as follows:
Δd1＝c*(Δt1)
Δd2＝c*(Δt2)
wherein (x)1,y1)，(x2,y2)，(x3,y3)，(x4,y4) Coordinates of four vibration detection points, (x)1,y1)，(x2,y2) Are a group of (x)3,y3)，(x4,y4) In one group, Δ d1、Δd2The vibration distance difference of two groups of vibration point measuring points is respectively, and (x, y) are coordinates of a vibration source, the coordinates of the vibration source can be converted into two groups of hyperbolic equations in the above formula relation, and the vibration distance difference is a fixed value, so that x and y, namely the final position information of the vibration source can be directly calculated.
To further illustrate the vibration start time difference, referring to fig. 4, a simplified illustration is given in which the collector 1 and the collector 2 are two vibration detecting devices, respectively. In fig. 4, the horizontal axis is a time axis acquired by two acquiring devices, the vertical axis is two vibration amplitudes acquired by the two acquiring devices, two groups of waveform diagrams with amplitudes on the left side and the right side of the time axis are waveforms received by the two vibration detecting devices from the same vibration source respectively, and the time difference between the two waveforms received by the vibration detecting devices from the vibration source is calculated according to the time difference and is about 181.6 ms.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the amplitude information of the vibration source calculated from the second position information of the vibration source and the second vibration data and the first position information of the vibration detection point is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, ArRepresenting the amplitude of the vibration detection point, A0Representing the amplitude of the vibration source, r0The equivalent radius of the preset wave source is 3.00m for a railway, 3.25m for a flexible road surface and 3m for a rigid road surface, wherein r represents the distance unit m, epsilon between the vibration detection point and the vibration source0Expressed as dimensionless coefficients railway 0.35, road 0.3, alpha in relation to the source state0Represents the energy absorption coefficient of the soil, f0The method is characterized in that a preset wave source disturbance frequency unit Hz is shown, the distance is more than 50 meters for railways and roads, and the ground disturbance frequency of common clay, silt and sandy soil foundations is 5-7 Hz.
The amplitude information of the resulting vibration source can be determined by the above formula. Meanwhile, the vibration detection point with error in partial detection can be removed conveniently.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform a vibration source detection method as described above.
Computer-readable storage media according to embodiments of the present invention may facilitate storage and transfer of computer-executable instructions by the storage media.
A vibration detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention includes: vibration sensor 100, GNSS unit 200, communication unit 300, processor unit 400.
A vibration sensor 100 for acquiring first vibration data;
a GNSS unit 200 for acquiring first location information and time information;
a communication unit 300;
and the processor unit 400 is connected to the vibration sensor 100, the GNSS unit 200, and the communication unit 300, and is configured to mark time information on the first vibration data to generate second vibration data, and transmit the position information and the second vibration data to the server 700 through the communication unit 300.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, after the vibration detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention is disposed entirely at the vibration detection point, the vibration sensor 100 may detect the first vibration data at the vibration detection point, and this collection process is continuous, so as to avoid a situation of missing data. The GNSS unit 200 can provide high-precision positioning parameters and time service, the processor unit 400 receives original observation data of the GNSS reference station through the communication unit 300, and performs real-time dynamic calculation by combining the GNSS unit 200, so as to obtain centimeter-level positioning data, i.e., first position information; meanwhile, the processor unit 400 may calculate and output high-precision time information in combination with the pulse per second of the GNSS unit 200. After the processor unit 400 acquires the first vibration data acquired by the vibration sensor 100, the time information is marked in the first vibration data to generate second vibration data information, and finally the second vibration data information is transmitted to the server 700 through the communication unit 300, and the server 700 performs subsequent operations.
According to the vibration detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first vibration data in the detection area can be effectively collected through the vibration sensor 100; the GNSS unit 200 can acquire high-precision first position information and time information, so that the precision of the second vibration data can be effectively ensured; communication with the server 700 may be achieved through the communication unit 300. Compared with the traditional vibration detection device, the vibration detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention has higher acquisition precision, and the built-in processor unit 400 can be used for carrying out primary processing on data, so that the time occupied by data transmission with the server 700 is reduced, and the subsequent data processing of the server 700 is facilitated.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the vibration detection apparatus further includes an RTC unit 500 connected to the processor unit 400, wherein the RTC unit 500 is used for providing spare time information. The processor unit 400 periodically obtains high-precision time information through the GNSS unit 200 to calibrate the spare time information in the RTC unit 500, and in a state where the GNSS unit 200 fails, the processor unit 400 can be ensured to obtain the spare time information and use the spare time information as the time information. On the premise of the backup time information, if the GNSS unit 200 fails after having acquired the first position information, the vibration data collection and transmission may still be performed, and meanwhile, the alarm information and the generation of the work log may also be continuously recorded.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a battery cell is connected to the RTC unit 500. The storage battery unit can directly use a button battery. The RTC unit 500 is powered by a single button battery, and the time information can still be ensured not to be lost under the condition that the vibration detection device is powered down.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the vibration detection apparatus further comprises a storage unit 600 connected to the processor unit 400, wherein the storage unit 600 is configured to store the second vibration data and the position information. The storage unit 600 can temporarily store the second vibration data and the position information when the communication unit 300 fails or the communication quality is poor, so as to avoid data loss.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the storage unit 600 includes at least one of an SD card and a FLASH. The SD card and the FLASH are convenient to use, small in size and high in transmission rate, and the overall size of the vibration detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be reduced on the premise of ensuring the existence of data.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the storage unit 600 further stores firmware upgrade data received by the processor unit 400 through the communication unit 300. The internal ROM of the processor unit 400 is used to store executable programs and system parameters. The storage unit 600 is used as a non-volatile readable and writable storage medium and can be used to store the collected second vibration data, the firmware program and the log information, and when the firmware needs to be upgraded, the processor unit 400 can update and upgrade the execution program of the processor unit 400 by reading the firmware program of the storage unit 600. The firmware program in the storage unit 600 may also be acquired from the server 700 through the communication module and the processor unit 400 so as to be updated in real time.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the communication unit 300 comprises at least an ethernet communication module, a cellular communication module, both connected to the processor unit 400. The Ethernet communication module and the honeycomb communication module have small use limitation, can greatly utilize the existing communication infrastructure foundation, effectively save the data communication cost, and can achieve a good cost reduction effect when the number of the vibration detection devices is large. In addition, the stability of communication can be improved by adopting the Ethernet communication module and the cellular communication module, and the problem that data cannot be uploaded to the server 700 for a long time due to a single communication means is avoided.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the vibration sensor 100 employs a magnetoelectric vibration sensor 100. The accuracy of magnetoelectric vibration sensor 100 is higher than the precision of traditional mechanical type vibrations sensor, can further guarantee the accuracy of first vibration data, and then guarantee the accuracy of follow-up definite vibration source.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, a magnetoelectric vibration sensor 100 includes: the magnetic circuit comprises a shell 110, a first magnet 120, a second magnet 130, a coil 140 and a signal conversion module. A first magnet 120 disposed at the bottom of the housing 110; a second magnet 130 disposed in the first housing 110 above the first magnet 120, having a magnetic pole opposite to the first magnet 120, for maintaining levitation under the combined action of its own weight and the interaction force with the first magnet 120; a coil 140 disposed on a side surface of the case 110; and a signal conversion module connected between the coil 140 and the processor unit 400 for converting the electromotive force generated by the second magnet 130 cutting the coil 140 into a digital signal. The housing 110 may mount the first magnet 120 and the coil 140 while limiting a moving path of the second magnet 130. The second magnet 130 is disposed above the first magnet 120, if the directions of the magnetic fields of the two magnets are opposite and the interaction force of the magnetic fields is greater than the gravity of the second magnet 130, the second magnet 130 can be levitated, when vibration is detected, the levitated second magnet 130 vibrates with respect to the first magnet 120 under the action of gravity and magnetic force, when vibration is detected, the coil 140 cuts the magnetic induction line of the second magnet 130 and converts the magnetic induction line into electromotive force, and the electromotive force converts the analog electromotive force into a digital signal through a signal conversion module (typically, an analog-to-digital conversion module), and transmits the digital signal to the processor unit 400, and the digital signal is written into the storage unit 600 by the processor unit 400.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, another first magnet 120 is disposed on the top of the housing 110, and the another first magnet 120 is located above the second magnet 130, so that the two first magnets 120 can further limit the movement of the second magnet 130, and can protect the second magnet 130.
A vibration detection system according to an embodiment of a fourth aspect of the present invention includes: a server 700 and a plurality of vibration detection devices as described above.
The vibration detection devices are used for acquiring second vibration data and position information of different vibration detection points;
and the server 700 is connected with the plurality of vibration detection devices respectively, and is configured to receive the second vibration data and the position information transmitted by the plurality of vibration detection devices and calculate second position information and amplitude information of the vibration source.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, before vibration detection is performed, vibration detection points are selected, and then a vibration detection device is arranged on each vibration detection point. The first position information and the time information of the detected point are acquired by the GNSS unit 200 of the vibration detecting apparatus. Meanwhile, the first vibration data of the vibration detection point can be continuously collected by the vibration sensor 100 in the vibration detection device. The first vibration data does not contain time information because it is directly collected by the vibration sensor 100, and the time information is marked into the first vibration data to generate second vibration data characterized by the time information.
After the second vibration data and the first position information of each vibration detection device are obtained, the server 700 may perform subsequent positioning on the vibration source. Here, the vibration source is mainly located in a manner that a plurality of curves are intersected and then the region where the vibration source is located is determined. For the convenience of operation, a two-dimensional coordinate system is established by taking the detection area as a plane, and each vibration detection point has corresponding coordinates in the two-dimensional coordinate system, namely (x)1,y1)，(x2,y2)，……，(xn,yn) And n is the number of vibration detection points. The positioning of the vibration source is briefly described below.
Firstly, at least two groups of vibration detection points are selected, each group has two vibration detection points, and then after the vibration source vibrates, the second vibration of each vibration detection point is passed throughThe dynamic data can know the specific starting vibration time of each vibration detection point, namely the time of the vibration from the vibration source to the vibration detection point, and a time difference delta must exist between the time of the vibration from the vibration source to the vibration detection pointtThe propagation speed of the vibration can be determined in advance after the propagation medium is determined, so that the following formula can be used: Δ d (c) and c (Δ t) are propagation velocities, and a hyperbolic equation of the distance difference between the two vibration points is directly calculated. In a two-dimensional coordinate system, there are two defined points, and the distance difference between the two points is a fixed value, so that a hyperbolic equation can be generated in the two-dimensional coordinate system, and a unique curve can be determined in consideration of the distance difference being a unique value, and the vibration source must exist on the curve in consideration of the measurement error. One curve can be determined by one group of vibration detection points, two curves can be determined by two groups of vibration points, and then the intersection point of the two curves is the position of the vibration source, namely the second position information of the vibration source.
In actual engineering, data deviation may occur due to detection errors or detection accuracy problems, more hyperbolas may be obtained by selecting more sets of vibration detection points, then calculating the area where the intersection points of the multiple sets of hyperbolas are located, and finally determining the position of the vibration source according to the area.
After the second position information of the vibration source is obtained, the amplitude information of the vibration source is calculated, and the determination of the vibration source can be completed. The vibration source amplitude information can be directly calculated by utilizing the law of vibration attenuation, after the second position information of the known vibration source and the first position information of the vibration detection point, the vibration propagation distance between the known vibration source and the vibration detection point can be determined, the vibration attenuation has a certain law, the degree of attenuation after the vibration propagation distance is transmitted after the vibration source vibrates can be determined, and the amplitude of the vibration detection point can be directly known because the first vibration data of the vibration detection point is known, so the amplitude of the vibration source can be deduced. In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of vibration detection points are used to calculate the amplitude information of the vibration source, so as to prevent the calculation result from deviating due to the detection error of a certain vibration detection point.
According to the vibration detection system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the plurality of vibration detection devices are arranged in the detection area, so that the vibration detection can be simultaneously realized on the plurality of vibration detection points, and the subsequent rapid calculation of the second position information and the amplitude of the vibration source is further facilitated. Compared with the traditional detection device, the vibration detection system of the embodiment of the invention greatly reduces the time cost and the labor cost of data acquisition, and can reduce the influence of a complex environment on the data acquisition because the position requirement on the vibration detection point is not high, thereby effectively improving the precision.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the vibration detection apparatus support server 700 of the embodiments of the present invention issues a control command to directly control all the vibration detection apparatuses. In addition, the vibration detection device supports a master-slave mode at the same time, and when the vibration detection device is in the master mode, the vibration detection device can issue a control command to the vibration detection device in the slave mode through the transmission unit to control the working state of the vibration detection device in the slave mode. There may be a plurality of slave mode vibration detection devices in the master mode.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A vibration source detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting at least four vibration detection points in a detection area;
acquiring first position information and time information of each vibration detection point;
acquiring first vibration data of each vibration detection point, and generating second vibration data according to the first vibration data and time information;
constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system on the plane of the detection area;
selecting at least two groups of the two vibration detection points as one group;
establishing a distance difference hyperbolic equation in the two-dimensional coordinate system according to the second vibration data and the first position information of each group of vibration detection points;
determining second position information of the vibration source according to a plurality of distance difference hyperbolic equations;
and calculating the amplitude information of the vibration source according to the second position information of the vibration source, the second vibration data of the vibration detection point and the first position information.
2. The vibration source detecting method according to claim 1, wherein the establishing of the hyperbolic distance equation in the two-dimensional coordinate system based on the second vibration data and the first position information of each set of the vibration detecting points comprises the steps of:
acquiring the vibration starting time difference of each group of vibration detection points according to the second vibration data of each group of vibration detection points;
calculating the vibration distance difference between each group of vibration detection points according to a preset vibration propagation speed and the vibration starting time difference;
and constructing the hyperbolic equation of the distance difference according to the first position information of each group of the vibration detection points and the corresponding vibration distance difference.
3. The vibration source detection method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation of the amplitude information of the vibration source from the second position information of the vibration source and the second vibration data and the first position information of the vibration detection point is performed by the following formula:
in the formula, ArRepresenting the amplitude of said vibration detection point, A0Representing the amplitude, r, of said vibration source0Representing a preset equivalent radius of the wave source, r representing the distance of the vibration detection point from the vibration source, epsilon0Expressed as a predetermined dimensionless coefficient, alpha0Represents the energy absorption coefficient of the soil, f0Representing a preset source disturbance frequency.
4. A computer-readable storage medium characterized by: the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform a vibration source detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. A vibration detecting apparatus, comprising:
a vibration sensor (100) for acquiring first vibration data;
a GNSS unit (200) for acquiring first location information and time information;
a communication unit (300);
and the processor unit (400) is respectively connected with the vibration sensor (100), the GNSS unit (200) and the communication unit (300), and is used for marking time information on the first vibration data to generate second vibration data and transmitting the position information and the second vibration data to the server (700) through the communication unit (300).
6. The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising an RTC unit (500) connected to the processor unit (400), the RTC unit (500) being configured to provide spare time information.
7. The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a storage unit (600) connected to the processor unit (400), the storage unit (600) being configured to store the second vibration data and the position information.
8. The vibration detection device according to claim 5, wherein the communication unit (300) comprises at least an Ethernet communication module, a cellular communication module, both connected to the processor unit (400).
9. The vibration detecting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the vibration sensor (100) employs a magnetoelectric vibration sensor (100).
10. A vibration detection system, comprising:
a plurality of vibration detecting apparatuses according to any one of claims 5 to 9 for acquiring second vibration data and position information of different vibration detecting points;
and the server (700) is respectively connected with the plurality of vibration detection devices and is used for receiving the second vibration data and the position information transmitted by the plurality of vibration detection devices and calculating the second position information and the amplitude information of the vibration source.
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