CN113465637A - Photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit, which comprises a photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, a noise collecting sub-circuit and a signal amplifying sub-circuit; the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit receives a first optical signal and a second optical signal in a time-sharing manner, converts the received first optical signal into a first electric signal, and converts the received second optical signal into a second electric signal; the noise acquisition sub-circuit receives a first electric signal of the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit and generates a common-mode voltage containing an optical noise signal; the signal amplification sub-circuit receives the common-mode voltage generated by the noise acquisition sub-circuit and a second electric signal generated by the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, filters the first electric signal to generate a third electric signal, and outputs the amplified third electric signal. The photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit has the advantages of simple structure, easy realization and low cost, and can automatically filter optical noise signals, thereby improving the precision and the detection efficiency of photoelectric detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of integrated circuits, in particular to a photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit.
Background
The photoelectric detection technology is an important part in the photoelectric information science and engineering technology, and along with the rapid development of integrated circuits, the photoelectric detection technology is continuously developed and advanced, is increasingly highly integrated, and is widely applied to the fields of military, medical treatment, industry and the like, so the development of the photoelectric information science and engineering technology is continuously promoted. The photoelectric detection circuit generally comprises a photoelectric transmitter, a photoelectric receiver and a detection circuit; the photoelectric transmitter mainly has the function of emitting light beams by aiming at a target, the emitted light beams generally come from semiconductor light sources such as Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, infrared emitting diodes and the like, and the circuit is simpler in structure; the photoelectric receiver mainly utilizes a photodiode to convert a received optical signal into an electric signal; the detection circuit is mainly used for denoising and amplifying the converted weak electric signals. The main parts of the photoelectric detection circuit are a photoelectric receiver and a detection circuit, and the traditional photoelectric receiver usually needs two photodiodes to collect optical signals; one of the photodiodes collects an optical signal to be detected containing optical noise (the optical noise mainly refers to the optical noise generated by ambient light), the other photodiode collects an optical noise signal (that is, the optical transmitter is turned off and does not send the optical signal to be detected), the two signals are converted into electric signals, and after passing through respective detection circuits, the two signals are subtracted from each other, so that the optical noise signal is filtered and removed. The traditional photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit has the following defects: firstly, the circuit is with high costs, need use two photodiodes and receive the circuit that detects separately, secondly realizes that the difficulty is big, and two receiving circuit and detection circuitry have imbalance and technological deviation, need additionally increase calibration circuit to avoid the measuring error that imbalance and technological deviation brought to influence system test result.
Therefore, there is a need for an improved photo-receiving and detecting circuit with a simple structure and a lower cost to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
The photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in realization and low cost, can automatically filter optical noise signals, and improves the precision and the detection efficiency of photoelectric detection.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit, which comprises a photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, a noise collecting sub-circuit and a signal amplifying sub-circuit, which are respectively connected to an external control signal generator, wherein the external control signal generator respectively generates control signals to control the working states of the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, the noise collecting sub-circuit and the signal amplifying sub-circuit; the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit receives a first optical signal and a second optical signal in a time-sharing manner, converts the received first optical signal into a first electric signal, and converts the received second optical signal into a second electric signal, wherein the first optical signal is a received optical noise signal when the light emitter is turned off, and the second optical signal is a received optical signal when the light emitter is turned on; the noise acquisition sub-circuit receives the first electric signal of the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit and generates a common-mode voltage containing an optical noise signal; the signal amplification sub-circuit receives the common-mode voltage generated by the noise acquisition sub-circuit and a second electric signal generated by the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, filters the first electric signal to generate a third electric signal, and outputs the amplified third electric signal.
Preferably, the photo-receiving sub-circuit comprises a photodiode, a current source, a first low-pass filter and a first operational amplifier; two ends of the photodiode are respectively connected with the non-inverting input end and the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier; one end of the current source is connected with the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the current source is grounded; the first low-pass filter is connected between the inverting input end and the output end of the first operational amplifier; the output end of the first operational amplifier is respectively connected with the noise acquisition sub-circuit and the signal amplification sub-circuit so as to output a first electric signal to the noise acquisition sub-circuit or output a second electric signal to the signal amplification sub-circuit; the external controller signal generator inputs a first control signal to the control end of the first operational amplifier to control the on/off of the first operational amplifier.
Preferably, the first low-pass filter includes a first capacitor and a first resistor, the first capacitor and the first resistor are connected in parallel, one end of the first capacitor and the first resistor after being connected in parallel is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the first capacitor and the first resistor after being connected in parallel is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier.
Preferably, the noise collecting sub-circuit comprises a second operational amplifier, a switch and a second capacitor; the second control signal generated by the control signal generator is input to the control end of the second operational amplifier to control the on/off of the second operational amplifier; one end of the switch is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the switch is connected with the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier; one end of the second capacitor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded; the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, and is connected with the signal amplification sub-circuit together, and the output end of the second operational amplifier outputs a common-mode voltage; the external controller signal generator inputs a second control signal to the control terminal of the second operational amplifier to control the on/off of the second operational amplifier.
Preferably, when the light emitter is turned on, the switch is turned off to disconnect the noise collection sub-circuit from the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit.
Preferably, the signal amplification sub-circuit comprises a first rheostat, a second low-pass filter and a third operational amplifier; two ends of the first rheostat are respectively connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier and the inverting input end of the third operational amplifier; the second low-pass filter is connected between the inverting input end and the output end of the third operational amplifier; the non-inverting input end of the third operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, and the output end of the third operational amplifier outputs an amplified third electric signal; the external control signal generator inputs a third control signal to a control terminal of the third operational amplifier to control on/off of the third operational amplifier.
Preferably, the second low-pass filter includes a third capacitor and a second varistor, the third capacitor and the second varistor are connected in parallel, one end of the third capacitor and the second varistor after the parallel connection is connected to the inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier, and the other end of the third capacitor and the second varistor after the parallel connection is connected to the output terminal of the third operational amplifier.
Preferably, when the control signals input to the first operational amplifier, the second operational amplifier and the third operational amplifier are at a high level, the first operational amplifier, the second operational amplifier and the third operational amplifier are correspondingly turned off; when the control signals input into the first operational amplifier, the second operational amplifier and the third operational amplifier are at a low level, the first operational amplifier, the second operational amplifier and the third operational amplifier are correspondingly started.
Compared with the prior art, the photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit can realize the collection and the reception of the optical noise and the target light only by one photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, so the photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit has simple structure, easy realization and low cost; in addition, the signal amplification sub-circuit filters noise signals to obtain pure target optical signals, and interference influence of noise on the target optical signals is reduced, so that the accuracy and the detection efficiency of photoelectric detection are improved.
The invention will become more apparent from the following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of the photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, wherein like element numerals represent like elements. As described above, the present invention provides a photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit, which has a simple structure, is easy to implement, has a low cost, and can automatically filter optical noise signals, thereby improving the accuracy and detection efficiency of photoelectric detection.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a circuit structure diagram of a photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit of the present invention includes a photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, a noise collecting sub-circuit and a signal amplifying sub-circuit, which are respectively connected to an external control signal generator (not shown). The external control signal generator respectively generates control signals (PD1, PD2, PD3) to control the working states of the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, the noise collecting sub-circuit and the signal amplifying sub-circuit. Specifically, the external control signal generator generates a first control signal PD1, a second control signal PD2, and a third control signal PD3, respectively, where the first control signal PD1 controls an operating state of the photo-receiving sub-circuit, the second control signal PD2 controls an operating state of the noise collection sub-circuit, and the third control signal PD3 controls an operating state of the signal amplification sub-circuit, and the three control signals are independent from each other and do not affect each other. The photoelectric receiving sub-circuit receives a first optical signal and a second optical signal in a time-sharing manner, converts the received first optical signal into a first electric signal, and converts the received second optical signal into a second electric signal, wherein the first optical signal is a received optical noise signal when the light emitter is turned off, and the second optical signal is a received optical signal when the light emitter is turned on; that is, the optical-electrical receiving sub-circuit receives different optical signals at different times, specifically, when the light emitter is turned off, the optical signal (i.e., optical noise) received by the optical-electrical receiving sub-circuit is a first optical signal, and when the light emitter is turned on, the optical signal received by the optical-electrical receiving sub-circuit is a second optical signal, that is, the second optical signal is the sum of the optical noise (the first optical signal) and a target optical signal generated after the light emitter is turned on. The noise acquisition sub-circuit receives the first electric signal of the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit and generates a common-mode voltage containing an optical noise signal; the signal amplification sub-circuit receives the common-mode voltage generated by the noise acquisition sub-circuit and a second electric signal generated by the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, filters the first electric signal to generate a third electric signal, and outputs the amplified third electric signal; that is, the noise collection sub-circuit and the signal amplification sub-circuit receive the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal output by the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit at different times, and the signal amplification sub-circuit performs common mode and amplification operation on the common mode voltage carrying the first electrical signal (optical noise signal) and the second electrical signal to generate a third electrical signal, where the third electrical signal is a difference between the second electrical signal and the first electrical signal, that is, optical noise in the first electrical signal is filtered out of the third electrical signal; meanwhile, the signal amplification sub-circuit amplifies and outputs a weak third electric signal, so that the third electric signal can be conveniently identified and detected. Therefore, the photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit can realize the collection and the reception of the optical noise (the first optical signal) and the target light only by one photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, and has the advantages of simple structure, easy realization and low cost; in addition, the signal amplification sub-circuit filters noise signals to obtain pure target optical signals, and interference influence of noise on the target optical signals is reduced, so that the accuracy and the detection efficiency of photoelectric detection are improved.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photo-receiving sub-circuit comprises a photodiode D0, a current source VS, a first low-pass filter, and a first operational amplifier OP 1; two ends of the photodiode D0 are respectively connected with the non-inverting input end and the inverting input end of a first operational amplifier OP 1; one end of the current source VS is connected with the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier OP1, and the other end of the current source VS is grounded; the first low-pass filter is connected between the inverting input end and the output end of the first operational amplifier OP 1; the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is respectively connected with the noise collection sub-circuit and the signal amplification sub-circuit to output a first electrical signal to the noise collection sub-circuit or output a second electrical signal to the signal amplification sub-circuit; the photodiode D0 is configured to receive an optical signal and convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and the first low-pass filter is configured to filter out a high-frequency interference signal in the electrical signal received by the photodiode D0. Wherein the first control signal PD1 generated by the external control signal generator is inputted to the control terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 to control the on/off of the first operational amplifier OP1, and when the first control signal PD1 is at a high level, the first operational amplifier OP1 is turned off, and when the first control signal PD1 is at a low level, the first operational amplifier OP2 is turned off, so that the working state of the optical-electrical receiving sub-circuit can be controlled by setting and adjusting the high-low level of the first control signal PD 1. Furthermore, the first low pass filter includes a first capacitor C1 and a first resistor R1, the first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the first resistor R1, and one end of the parallel connection is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1, and the other end of the parallel connection is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP 2.
Furthermore, in the present invention, the noise collecting sub-circuit includes a second operational amplifier OP1, a switch K1 and a second capacitor C2; one end of the switch K1 is connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1, and the other end is connected to the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier OP 2; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2, and the other end is grounded; the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the output terminal thereof, and is commonly connected to the signal amplification sub-circuit, and the output terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 outputs a common mode voltage. Wherein a second control signal PD2 generated by the external control signal generator is input to a control terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 to control on/off of the second operational amplifier OP 2; specifically, when the second control signal PD2 is at a high level, the second operational amplifier OP2 is turned off, and when the second control signal PD2 is at a low level, the second operational amplifier OP2 is turned on, so that the operating state of the noise collection sub-circuit can be controlled by setting and adjusting the high-low level of the second control signal PD 2. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the light emitter is turned on, the switch K1 is opened to disconnect the noise collection sub-circuit from the optical-electrical receiving sub-circuit, so that the noise collection sub-circuit only receives the noise signal (the first electrical signal after the first optical signal is converted) collected by the optical-electrical collection sub-circuit.
In addition, in the present invention, the signal amplification sub-circuit includes a first rheostat R11, a second low-pass filter, and a third operational amplifier OP 3; two ends of the first rheostat R11 are respectively connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1 and the inverting input end of the third operational amplifier OP 3; the second low-pass filter is connected between the inverting input end and the output end of the third operational amplifier OP3 to filter out high-frequency interference signals in the received second electrical signal; the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2, and the output terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 outputs the amplified third electrical signal VOUT. Wherein the third control signal PD3 generated by the external control signal generator is input to the control terminal of the third operational amplifier OP32 to control on/off of the third operational amplifier OP 32; specifically, when the third control signal PD3 is at a high level, the third operational amplifier OP3 is turned off, and when the third control signal PD3 is at a low level, the third operational amplifier OP3 is turned off, so that the operating state of the signal amplification sub-circuit can be controlled by setting and adjusting the high-low level of the third control signal PD 3. The second low-pass filter includes a third capacitor C3 and a second varistor R12, the third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the second varistor R12, one end of the parallel connection is connected to the inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3, and the other end of the parallel connection is connected to the output terminal of the third operational amplifier OP 3. In the invention, the signal amplification sub-circuit performs common-mode operation on the common-mode voltage carrying the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, so as to generate a third electrical signal, wherein the third electrical signal is a difference between the second electrical signal and the first electrical signal, that is, optical noise in the first electrical signal is filtered out from the third electrical signal, and the third electrical signal is amplified and output.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the operation and principle of the photo-electric receiving and detecting circuit of the present invention are described, wherein for the control signals (the first control signal PD1, the second control signal PD2, and the third control signal PD3), a high level is denoted by 1, and a low level is denoted by 0:
when the light emitter is not turned on, the PD1 is set to 0, the PD2 is set to 1, and the PD1 is set to 1, and after the photoreceiving sub-circuit is stabilized, the photodiode D0 in the photoreceiving sub-circuit receives the first optical signal (optical noise signal) and generates an optical noise current IN1(current of first electrical signal), the voltage at point a at this time is:
VA0=IN1×R1+VS
in the above formula, VS is a voltage value at two ends of the current source VS.
Continuing to hold the PD 1-0, the PD 2-1 and the PD 1-1, closing the switch K1 in the noise collection sub-circuit, and sampling the voltage V at the voltage A pointA0And stored to a second capacitor C2, where the electricity at point BPressure VB0Voltage V at point AA0Are identical, i.e. that
VB0=VA0=IN1×R1+VS
Setting PD1 to 0, PD2 to 0 and PD3 to 0, and after the noise collection sub-circuit and the signal amplification sub-circuit are stabilized, opening switch K1, and the second operational amplifier OP2 as the low noise operational amplifier is in a buffer connection mode, so the voltage V at the point C isC0And voltage V at point BB0Are equal, i.e.
VC0=VB0=IN1×R1+VS
Obviously, the voltage V at point CC0The optical noise voltage is included and is used as the common-mode voltage of the noise acquisition sub-circuit.
Then turning on the light emitter to emit target light, and simultaneously receiving a target light signal and an optical noise signal by a photodiode D0 in the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, wherein the target light signal and the optical noise signal form the second light signal and generate a current IP(current of second electric signal) in which IPCurrent I generated mainly by target light signalF1And current I generated by optical noiseN2Is composed of, i.e.
IP=IF1+IN2
In practical application, the switching speed from the optical noise signal collection to the target optical signal collection is high, while the optical noise signal changes slowly and is equivalent to a random signal, so that in the practical process:
IN1=IN2
at this time, the voltage at the point a:
VA1=(IF1+IN2)×R1+VS=(IF1+IN1)×R1+VS
i in the formulaF1Xr 1 is the voltage of the target optical signal, IN1Xr 1 is the voltage of the optical noise signal.
At this time, since PD3 is equal to 0, the signal amplification sub-circuit operates with an input voltage VA1Common mode voltage of VC0Then the output voltage is:
and the main purpose of the signal amplification sub-circuit is to amplify the target optical signal voltage IF1Xr 1 while suppressing optical noise signal voltage IN1Xr 1, where 1/sC3 in the above formula is equivalent capacitive reactance of the third capacitor C3, and the second varistor R12 and the third capacitor C3 form a low-pass filter, so that useless high-frequency voltage signals can be filtered, and thus the second varistor R12 and the third capacitor C3 are designed appropriately, so that the bandwidth of the signal amplification sub-circuit is slightly larger than the bandwidth of the target optical signal, and noise other than the target optical signal can be filtered, and for the target optical signal, the passband can be represented by the following formula:
from the above formula, the optical noise voltage I can be seenN1Xr 1 is not amplified, and is used as voltage I of target optical signalF1The x R1 is amplified by R12/R11 times, so that the light receiving and detecting circuit of the invention can adjust the resistance values of the variable resistors R11 and R12 according to different environments during design, thereby achieving the required amplification factor.
In conclusion, the photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit has the advantages of simple structure, easy realization and low cost; in addition, the signal amplification sub-circuit filters noise signals to obtain pure target optical signals, and interference influence of noise on the target optical signals is reduced, so that the accuracy and the detection efficiency of photoelectric detection are improved.
The present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed above, and is intended to cover various modifications, equivalent combinations, which are made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A photoelectric receiving and detecting circuit is characterized by comprising a photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, a noise collecting sub-circuit and a signal amplifying sub-circuit which are respectively connected with an external control signal generator, wherein the external control signal generator respectively generates control signals to control the working states of the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, the noise collecting sub-circuit and the signal amplifying sub-circuit; the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit receives a first optical signal and a second optical signal in a time-sharing manner, converts the received first optical signal into a first electric signal, and converts the received second optical signal into a second electric signal, wherein the first optical signal is a received optical noise signal when the light emitter is turned off, and the second optical signal is a received optical signal when the light emitter is turned on; the noise acquisition sub-circuit receives the first electric signal of the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit and generates a common-mode voltage containing an optical noise signal; the signal amplification sub-circuit receives the common-mode voltage generated by the noise acquisition sub-circuit and a second electric signal generated by the photoelectric receiving sub-circuit, filters the first electric signal to generate a third electric signal, and outputs the amplified third electric signal.
2. The photoreceiving and detecting circuit of claim 1, wherein the photoreceiving sub-circuit comprises a photodiode, a current source, a first low pass filter and a first operational amplifier; two ends of the photodiode are respectively connected with the non-inverting input end and the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier; one end of the current source is connected with the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the current source is grounded; the first low-pass filter is connected between the inverting input end and the output end of the first operational amplifier; the output end of the first operational amplifier is respectively connected with the noise acquisition sub-circuit and the signal amplification sub-circuit so as to output a first electric signal to the noise acquisition sub-circuit or output a second electric signal to the signal amplification sub-circuit; the external controller signal generator inputs a first control signal to the control end of the first operational amplifier to control the on/off of the first operational amplifier.
3. The photoreceiving and detecting circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first low pass filter comprises a first capacitor and a first resistor, the first capacitor and the first resistor are connected in parallel, one end of the first capacitor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier.
4. The photoreceiving and detecting circuit of claim 2, wherein the noise-collecting sub-circuit comprises a second operational amplifier, a switch and a second capacitor; the second control signal generated by the control signal generator is input to the control end of the second operational amplifier to control the on/off of the second operational amplifier; one end of the switch is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the switch is connected with the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier; one end of the second capacitor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded; the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, and is connected with the signal amplification sub-circuit together, and the output end of the second operational amplifier outputs a common-mode voltage; the external controller signal generator inputs a second control signal to the control terminal of the second operational amplifier to control the on/off of the second operational amplifier.
5. The photoreceiving and detecting circuit as claimed in claim 4, wherein when the light emitter is turned on, the switch is opened to disconnect the noise collection sub-circuit from the photoreceiving sub-circuit.
6. The photoreceiving and detecting circuit of claim 4, wherein the signal amplification sub-circuit comprises a first varistor, a second low pass filter, and a third operational amplifier; two ends of the first rheostat are respectively connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier and the inverting input end of the third operational amplifier; the second low-pass filter is connected between the inverting input end and the output end of the third operational amplifier; the non-inverting input end of the third operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, and the output end of the third operational amplifier outputs an amplified third electric signal; the external control signal generator inputs a third control signal to a control terminal of the third operational amplifier to control on/off of the third operational amplifier.
7. The photoreceiving and detecting circuit as claimed in claim 6, wherein the second low pass filter comprises a third capacitor and a second varistor, the third capacitor and the second varistor are connected in parallel, one end of the third capacitor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the third operational amplifier.
8. The photoreceiving and detecting circuit as claimed in claim 6, wherein when the control signal inputted to the first operational amplifier, the second operational amplifier and the third operational amplifier is high level, the first operational amplifier, the second operational amplifier and the third operational amplifier are correspondingly turned off; when the control signals input into the first operational amplifier, the second operational amplifier and the third operational amplifier are at a low level, the first operational amplifier, the second operational amplifier and the third operational amplifier are correspondingly started.
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