CN113464959A - Incineration system and process suitable for medium-low calorific value waste liquid - Google Patents
Incineration system and process suitable for medium-low calorific value waste liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN113464959A CN113464959A CN202110754460.3A CN202110754460A CN113464959A CN 113464959 A CN113464959 A CN 113464959A CN 202110754460 A CN202110754460 A CN 202110754460A CN 113464959 A CN113464959 A CN 113464959A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/008—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for liquid waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/446—Waste feed arrangements for liquid waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
- F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
- F23G2204/103—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/10—Liquid waste
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a process suitable for incinerating medium and low calorific value waste liquid, wherein the system comprises a waste liquid storage device for storing the waste liquid, a waste liquid preheating device for preheating the waste liquid, a waste liquid incinerating device for incinerating the waste liquid, a combustion-supporting device for conveying combustion-supporting gas into the waste liquid incinerating device, a heat recovery device for recovering and utilizing heat of high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incinerating device, and a purification treatment device for purifying the high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incinerating device; according to the technical scheme, the organic waste liquid is preheated, and the air is subjected to oxygen enrichment, preheating and reheating, so that the problem of high energy consumption in organic waste liquid incineration, particularly low-calorific-value waste liquid incineration in a severe cold environment is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of harmless treatment of organic waste liquid, in particular to an incineration system and process suitable for waste liquid with medium and low calorific value.
Background
With the rapid development of industrialization, a large amount of industrial wastewater is generated in the industries of medicine, textile, food processing, petroleum and the like. According to statistics, the annual discharge total amount of industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater of 2411 provincial and above industrial parks in China is as high as 971 hundred million tons. Wherein, the high-salt organic waste liquid generated in the working sections of membrane separation, rectification, salting-out and the like in the fine chemical industries of pesticide, pharmacy, salt chemical industry and the like, namely COD is more than 10,000mg/L, and the salt content is more than 50,000mg/L, and the treatment is very difficult because the high-salt organic waste liquid has the characteristics of strong acidity and alkalinity, complex components (organic matters, inorganic salts, sulfides, nitrides, heavy metals and the like) and low biodegradability. If the wastewater is directly discharged without treatment, organic matters which are difficult to degrade and high-content inorganic salt in the wastewater can cause serious pollution to the environment.
The current common treatment mode is to completely decompose organic matters in the organic waste liquid by high-temperature incineration. When the temperature reaches above 800 ℃, the organic matters in the organic waste liquid are thoroughly decomposed into CO2、、H2O、NOx、SO2And the like. A general incineration disposal system includes: the incinerator, the waste heat boiler, the induced draft fan, the washing tower and the chimney. However, for low-calorific-value organic waste liquid, in order to ensure the incineration temperature and thoroughly eliminate organic pollutants, a large amount of auxiliary fuel needs to be supplemented, and the method has the characteristics of high energy consumption and high operation cost. In addition, in northern severe cold areas, due to low temperature in winter, the organic waste liquid is likely to be frozen, and the continuous operation of an incineration system is influenced. Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the problems of the art to design an incineration system suitable for organic waste liquid with different calorific values, especially low calorific value, capable of stably operating in various severe cold environments for a long time and reducing external energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a system and a process suitable for incinerating low-and-medium-calorific-value waste liquid, and aims to solve the problem of high energy consumption in organic waste liquid incineration, particularly low-and-medium-calorific-value waste liquid incineration in severe cold environments by preheating the organic waste liquid and carrying out oxygen enrichment, preheating and reheating on air.
In order to achieve the purpose, the incineration system suitable for the medium-low calorific value waste liquid comprises a waste liquid storage device for storing the waste liquid, a waste liquid preheating device for preheating the waste liquid, a waste liquid incineration device for incinerating the waste liquid, a combustion-supporting device for conveying combustion-supporting gas into the waste liquid incineration device, a heat recovery device for recycling heat of high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device, and a purification treatment device for purifying the high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device;
the combustion-supporting device comprises an air supply device for collecting external air, an oxygen enrichment device for enriching oxygen in the air, a gas preheating device for preheating the air and a gas reheating device for reheating the air, the heat recovered by the heat recovery device is respectively transmitted to the waste liquid preheating device and the gas preheating device, and the higher-temperature flue gas generated after the heat recovery device recovers and utilizes the heat is transmitted to the gas reheating device;
the gas output end of the gas supply device is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the oxygen enrichment device through valves, the gas output end of the oxygen enrichment device is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the gas preheating device through valves, the gas output end of the gas preheating device is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the gas reheating device through valves, and the gas output end of the gas reheating device is connected with the waste liquid incineration device through valves.
Preferably, the waste liquid storage device includes a plurality of waste liquid storage tanks that are used for keeping in different physicochemical property waste liquids, a homogeneity agitator tank that is used for stirring the waste liquid in a plurality of waste liquid storage tanks and mixes, a plurality of the waste liquid storage tanks set up in parallel, and a plurality of the liquid outlet of waste liquid storage tank pass through transfer pump, flowmeter and switch valve and be connected with the inlet of homogeneity agitator tank.
Preferably, the waste liquid preheating device comprises a water bath or an oil bath.
Preferably, the waste liquid incineration device comprises a vertical incineration furnace, the vertical incineration furnace is provided with an atomization nozzle for atomizing the waste liquid conveyed by the waste liquid preheating device and then spraying the atomized waste liquid into the main combustion area, a gas injection port for introducing combustion-supporting gas, and a flue gas outlet for discharging high-temperature flue gas generated by incineration, and the flue gas outlet is connected with the heat recovery device.
Preferably, the heat recovery device comprises a waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler comprises a higher-temperature flue gas outlet and a saturated steam outlet, the higher-temperature flue gas outlet is used for conveying higher-temperature flue gas discharged by the waste heat boiler to the gas reheating device to reheat the gas, the waste heat boiler is internally used for generating saturated steam through heat exchange of the high-temperature flue gas, the saturated steam outlet is connected with a steam distributing cylinder, and the steam distributing cylinder conveys the saturated steam to the waste liquid preheating device and the gas reheating device respectively through a valve.
Preferably, the gas supply device comprises a blower, the oxygen enrichment device comprises an oxygen enrichment machine, and the gas reheating device comprises a flue gas heat exchanger or a gas heat exchanger.
Preferably, the purification treatment device comprises a quenching unit, a dry deacidification unit, a cloth bag dedusting unit, a wet deacidification unit and a flue gas discharge unit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention also provides a incineration process suitable for the medium and low calorific value waste liquid, and the incineration system comprises the following steps:
s1: sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in the waste liquid storage device to obtain the conditions of main organic components, including a heat value and an S/Cl ratio; performing mutual solubility compatibility on one or more organic waste liquids in the waste liquid storage device, and determining the heat value range and the S/Cl ratio of the organic waste liquids after the compatibility;
s2: conveying the organic waste liquid after compatibility to a waste liquid preheating device, providing heat for the waste liquid preheating device through a heat recovery device, and heating the organic waste liquid from room temperature to 30-45 ℃ without exceeding the flash point of the organic waste liquid;
s3: conveying the organic waste liquid preheated in the waste liquid preheating device into a waste liquid incineration device, and injecting combustion-supporting gas into the waste liquid incineration device through a combustion-supporting device, so that the organic waste liquid and the combustion-supporting gas are fully mixed and burnt at the temperature of over 1100 ℃;
wherein, the injection mode of combustion-supporting gas includes: by controlling the opening and closing of the valve, external air is directly injected into the waste liquid incineration device through the air supply device, or is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device and the air preheating device in sequence, or is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device, the air preheating device and the air reheating device in sequence, or is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device and the oxygen enrichment device in sequence, or is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device, the oxygen enrichment device and the air preheating device in sequence, or is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device, the oxygen enrichment device, the air preheating device and the air reheating device in sequence;
s4: after high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device sequentially passes through the heat recovery device and the gas reheating device, the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃ and then enters the purification treatment device, and the purification treatment device carries out sharp quenching and cooling on the cooled flue gas to 160-180 ℃, and then the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere after deacidification and dust removal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: can be prepared by direct injection of air; preheating air; preheating and reheating the air in sequence; oxygen enrichment is carried out on the air; preheating air after oxygen enrichment; after oxygen enrichment is carried out on air, preheating and reheating are carried out in sequence; the six processes are combined, so that the method is suitable for waste liquid incineration with different heat values, particularly low-heat-value waste liquid incineration in a severe cold environment, and supplementary fuel is obviously reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an incineration system according to the invention;
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The incineration system suitable for the medium and low calorific value waste liquid proposed in this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, includes a waste liquid storage device for storing the waste liquid, a waste liquid preheating device 2 for preheating the waste liquid, a waste liquid incineration device for incinerating the waste liquid, a combustion-supporting device for conveying combustion-supporting gas into the waste liquid incineration device, a heat recovery device for recycling heat of high temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device, and a purification treatment device 6 for purifying the high temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device;
the combustion-supporting device comprises an air supply device 41 for collecting external air, an oxygen enrichment device 42 for enriching oxygen in the air, a gas preheating device 43 for preheating the air, and a gas reheating device 44 for reheating the air, wherein the heat recovered by the heat recovery device is respectively transmitted to the waste liquid preheating device 2 and the gas preheating device 43, and the higher-temperature flue gas generated after the heat recovery device recovers and utilizes the heat is transmitted to the gas reheating device 44;
the gas output end of the gas supply device 41 is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the oxygen enrichment device 42 through a valve 7, the gas output end of the oxygen enrichment device 42 is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the gas preheating device 43 through a valve 7, the gas output end of the gas preheating device 43 is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the gas reheating device 44 through a valve 7, and the gas output end of the gas reheating device 44 is connected with the waste liquid incineration device through a valve 7.
It should be noted that, the present embodiment improves the existing incineration system for organic waste liquid, is suitable for the incineration of organic waste liquid with different calorific values, and can realize the purpose of directly injecting air by controlling the opening and closing of the valve 7; preheating air; preheating and reheating the air in sequence; oxygen enrichment is carried out on the air; preheating air after oxygen enrichment; after oxygen enrichment is carried out on air, preheating and reheating are carried out in sequence; the six processes are combined, so that the method is suitable for waste liquid incineration with different heat values, particularly low-heat-value waste liquid incineration in a severe cold environment, and supplementary fuel is obviously reduced.
Further, the waste liquid storage device includes a plurality of waste liquid storage tanks 11 that are used for keeping in different materialization nature waste liquid, is used for stirring the homogeneity agitator tank 12 that mixes with the waste liquid in a plurality of waste liquid storage tanks 11, and a plurality of waste liquid storage tanks 11 connect in parallel, and a plurality of the liquid outlet of waste liquid storage tank 11 pass through transfer pump, flowmeter and switching valve 7 and be connected with the inlet of homogeneity agitator tank 12.
Further, the waste liquid preheating device 2 comprises a water bath kettle or an oil bath kettle.
Further, the waste liquid incineration device comprises a vertical incineration furnace 3, the vertical incineration furnace 3 is provided with an atomizing nozzle 31 for atomizing the waste liquid conveyed by the waste liquid preheating device 2 and then spraying the atomized waste liquid into the main combustion area, a gas injection port 32 for introducing combustion-supporting gas, and a flue gas outlet 33 for discharging high-temperature flue gas generated by incineration, and the flue gas outlet 33 is connected with the heat recovery device.
Further, heat recovery unit includes exhaust-heat boiler 5, and exhaust-heat boiler 5 includes higher temperature exhanst gas outlet 51 and saturated steam export 52, higher temperature exhanst gas outlet 51 is used for carrying the higher temperature flue gas that exhaust-heat boiler discharged to gas reheating device 44 and heats gas once more, exhaust-heat boiler 5 is inside to be used for producing saturated steam through the heat transfer of high temperature flue gas, saturated steam export 52 is connected with branch cylinder 53, branch cylinder 53 carries saturated steam to waste liquid preheating device 2 and gas preheating device 43 respectively through valve 7.
Further, the gas supply device 41 comprises a blower, the oxygen enrichment device 42 comprises an oxygen enrichment machine, and the gas reheating device 44 comprises a flue gas heat exchanger or a gas heat exchanger.
Further, purification unit 6 includes quench unit, dry deacidification unit, sack dust removal unit, wet deacidification unit, flue gas discharge unit.
The invention also provides a incineration process suitable for the medium and low calorific value waste liquid, and the incineration system comprises the following steps:
s1: sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in the waste liquid storage device to obtain the conditions of main organic components, including a heat value and an S/Cl ratio; performing mutual solubility compatibility on one or more organic waste liquids in the waste liquid storage device, and determining the heat value range and the S/Cl ratio of the organic waste liquids after the compatibility;
s2: conveying the organic waste liquid after compatibility to a waste liquid preheating device 2, providing heat for the waste liquid preheating device 2 through a heat recovery device, and heating the organic waste liquid from room temperature to 30-45 ℃ without exceeding the flash point of the organic waste liquid;
s3: conveying the organic waste liquid preheated in the waste liquid preheating device 2 into a waste liquid incineration device, and injecting combustion-supporting gas into the waste liquid incineration device through a combustion-supporting device, so that the organic waste liquid and the combustion-supporting gas are fully mixed and burnt at the temperature of over 1100 ℃;
wherein, the injection mode of combustion-supporting gas includes: by controlling the opening and closing of the valve 7, the external air is directly injected into the waste liquid incineration device through the air supply device 41, or the external air is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device 41 and the gas preheating device 43 in sequence, or the external air is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device 41 and the oxygen enrichment device 42 in sequence, or the external air is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device 41, the oxygen enrichment device 42 and the gas preheating device 43 in sequence, or the external air is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device 41, the oxygen enrichment device 42, the gas preheating device 43 and the gas reheating device 44 in sequence;
s4: after high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device passes through the heat recovery device and the gas reheating device 44 in sequence, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is reduced to 500 ℃, the high-temperature flue gas enters the purification treatment device 6, the purification treatment device 6 carries out quenching and cooling on the cooled flue gas to 160-180 ℃, and then the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere after deacidification and dust removal.
In the following, six different incineration processes of the system according to the invention are illustrated by means of specific examples.
Example one
Taking organic waste liquid entering a certain hazardous waste comprehensive treatment center of an inner Mongolian autonomous region as an example, the process of directly injecting external air into a waste liquid incineration device through an air supply device 41 is adopted:
s1: sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in each waste liquid storage tank 11 to obtain the conditions (heat value, S/Cl) of main organic components; one or more of the organic waste liquid is pumped into a homogeneous stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump and a flowmeter for mutual solubility compatibility, and the calorific value of the organic solvent after the mutual solubility compatibility is more than 5000 kcal/kg; after the homogenization and the stirring are finished, the waste liquid is pumped into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot and is heated to 30 ℃ from minus 30 ℃ by a waste heat boiler 5; then the waste liquid is sprayed into the vertical incinerator 3 through the atomizer 31.
S2: controlling the valve 7, and directly introducing air at-30 ℃ blown by the blower into the vertical incinerator 3 through the gas injection port 32; after the high-pressure atomized organic waste liquid is mixed with air, it is burnt out at the temp. above 1100 deg.C.
S3: introducing high-temperature flue gas into the waste heat boiler 5 from the flue gas outlet 33, reducing the temperature from 1100 ℃ to 500 ℃, and sending saturated steam generated by heat exchange into a water bath or an oil bath through the steam distributing cylinder 53 and the valve 7 for preheating organic waste liquid; the high-temperature flue gas is rapidly released heat from 500 ℃ to 160 ℃ through a quench tower, is treated by deacidification, dust collection and the like, and is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney through a draught fan.
Example two
Taking organic waste liquid entering a certain hazardous waste comprehensive treatment center of an inner Mongolian autonomous region as an example, the process that external air is injected into a waste liquid incineration device after passing through an air supply device 41 and a gas preheating device 43 in sequence is adopted:
s1: sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in each waste liquid storage tank 11 to obtain the conditions (heat value, S/Cl) of main organic components; one or more of the organic waste liquid is pumped into a homogeneous stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump and a flowmeter for mutual solubility compatibility, and the calorific value range of the organic solvent after the mutual solubility compatibility is determined to be 4000-5000 kcal/kg; after homogenizing and stirring, pumping the filtrate into a water bath or an oil bath, and heating from-30 ℃ to 30 ℃ through a waste heat boiler 5; then the waste liquid is sprayed into the vertical incinerator 3 through the atomizer 31.
S2: controlling a valve 7, preheating air at minus 30 ℃ blown by a blower to 170 ℃ by a gas preheating device 43, and then introducing the air into the vertical incinerator 3; after the high-pressure atomized organic waste liquid is mixed with air at 170 ℃, the organic waste liquid is burnt out at the temperature of over 1100 ℃.
S3: high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 5 from the flue gas outlet 33, the temperature is reduced from 1100 ℃ to 500 ℃, saturated steam generated by heat exchange is respectively sent into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot through a steam distributing cylinder 53 and a valve 7 for preheating organic waste liquid, and is sent into a gas preheating device 43 for preheating air; the high-temperature flue gas is rapidly released heat from 500 ℃ to 160 ℃ through a quench tower, is treated by deacidification, dust collection and the like, and is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney through a draught fan.
EXAMPLE III
Taking organic waste liquid entering a certain hazardous waste comprehensive treatment center of the inner Mongolian autonomous region as an example, the process that external air passes through the air supply device 41, the gas preheating device 43 and the gas reheating device 44 in sequence and then is injected into the waste liquid incineration device is adopted:
s1: sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in each waste liquid storage tank 11 to obtain the conditions (heat value, S/Cl) of main organic components; one or more of the organic waste liquid is pumped into a homogeneous stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump and a flowmeter for mutual solubility compatibility, and the calorific value range of the organic solvent after the mutual solubility compatibility is determined to be 3000-4000 kcal/kg; after homogenizing and stirring, pumping the filtrate into a water bath or an oil bath, and heating from-30 ℃ to 30 ℃ through a waste heat boiler 5; then the waste liquid is sprayed into the vertical incinerator 3 through the atomizer 31.
S2: controlling a valve 7, preheating air at minus 30 ℃ blown by a blower to 170 ℃ through a gas preheating device 43 in sequence, reheating the air to 370 ℃ through a gas reheating device 44, and introducing the air into the vertical incinerator 3; after the high-pressure atomized organic waste liquid is mixed with air of 370 ℃, the organic waste liquid is burnt out at the temperature of over 1100 ℃.
S3: high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 5 from the flue gas outlet 33, the temperature is reduced from 1100 ℃ to 700 ℃, saturated steam generated by heat exchange is respectively sent into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot through the steam distributing cylinder 53 and the valve 7 for preheating organic waste liquid, and is sent into the gas preheating device 43 for preheating air; then the higher temperature flue gas is further led into a gas reheating device 44 through a pipeline for reheating air, and finally the temperature of the higher temperature flue gas is reduced from 700 ℃ to 500 ℃ and enters a quenching tower; the heat of the flue gas is rapidly released from 500 ℃ to 160 ℃ through a quenching tower, and the flue gas is treated by deacidification, dust collection and the like and is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney through a draught fan.
Example four
Taking organic waste liquid entering a certain hazardous waste comprehensive treatment center of an inner Mongolian autonomous region as an example, the process that external air passes through the air supply device 41 and the oxygen enrichment device 42 in sequence and then is injected into the waste liquid incineration device is adopted:
s1: sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in each waste liquid storage tank 11 to obtain the conditions (heat value, S/Cl) of main organic components; one or more of the organic waste liquid is pumped into a homogeneous stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump and a flowmeter for mutual solubility compatibility, and the calorific value range of the organic solvent after the mutual solubility compatibility is determined to be 2000 kcal/kg-3000 kcal/kg; after the homogenization and the stirring are finished, the waste liquid is pumped into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot and is heated to 30 ℃ from minus 30 ℃ by a waste heat boiler 5; then the waste liquid is sprayed into the vertical incinerator 3 through the atomizer 31.
S2: the valve 7 is controlled, and the air at minus 30 ℃ blown by the blower is converted into oxygen-enriched air by the oxygen enrichment device 42 and then is introduced into the vertical incinerator 3; after the high-pressure atomized organic waste liquid is mixed with oxygen-enriched air, the organic waste liquid is burnt out at the temperature of over 1100 ℃.
S3: the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 5 from the flue gas outlet 33, the temperature is reduced from 1100 ℃ to 500 ℃, the saturated steam-distributing cylinder 53 and the valve 7 generated by heat exchange are sent into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot for preheating the organic waste liquid, the high-temperature flue gas is rapidly released heat by a quenching tower and is reduced from 500 ℃ to 160 ℃, and the high-temperature flue gas is treated by deacidification, dust collection and the like and is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney by a draught fan.
EXAMPLE five
Taking organic waste liquid entering a certain hazardous waste comprehensive treatment center of an inner Mongolian autonomous region as an example, the process of injecting external air into a waste liquid incineration device after passing through an air supply device 41, an oxygen enrichment device 42 and a gas preheating device 43 in sequence is adopted:
s1: sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in each waste liquid storage tank 11 to obtain the conditions (heat value, S/Cl) of main organic components; one or more of the organic waste liquid is pumped into a homogeneous stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump and a flowmeter for mutual solubility compatibility, and the calorific value range of the organic solvent after the mutual solubility compatibility is determined to be 1000-2000 kcal/kg; after homogenizing and stirring, pumping the filtrate into a water bath or an oil bath, and heating from-30 ℃ to 30 ℃ through a waste heat boiler 5; then the waste liquid is sprayed into the vertical incinerator 3 through the atomizer 31.
S2: controlling a valve 7, converting air at minus 30 ℃ blown by a blower into oxygen-enriched air through an oxygen enrichment device 42, preheating the air to 170 ℃ by a gas preheater, and introducing the air into the vertical incinerator 3; after the high-pressure atomized organic waste liquid is mixed with oxygen-enriched air at 170 ℃, the organic waste liquid is burnt out at the temperature of over 1100 ℃.
S3: high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 5 from the flue gas outlet 33, the temperature is reduced from 1100 ℃ to 500 ℃, saturated steam generated by heat exchange is respectively sent into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot through a steam distributing cylinder 53 and a valve 7 for preheating organic waste liquid, and is sent into a gas preheating device 43 for preheating oxygen-enriched air; the high-temperature flue gas is rapidly released heat from 500 ℃ to 160 ℃ through a quench tower, is treated by deacidification, dust collection and the like, and is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney through a draught fan.
EXAMPLE six
Taking organic waste liquid entering a certain hazardous waste comprehensive treatment center of the inner Mongolian autonomous region as an example, the process that external air is injected into a waste liquid incineration device after passing through an air supply device 41, an oxygen enrichment device 42, a gas preheating device 43 and a gas reheating device 44 in sequence is adopted:
s1: sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in each waste liquid storage tank 11 to obtain the conditions (heat value, S/Cl) of main organic components; one or more of the organic waste liquid is pumped into a homogeneous stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump and a flowmeter for mutual solubility compatibility, and the calorific value range of the organic solvent after the mutual solubility compatibility is less than 1000 kcal/kg; after homogenizing and stirring, pumping the filtrate into a water bath or an oil bath, and heating from-30 ℃ to 30 ℃ through a waste heat boiler 5; then the waste liquid is sprayed into the vertical incinerator 3 through the atomizer 31.
S2: the valve 7 is controlled, air at minus 30 ℃ blown by the blower is sequentially converted into oxygen-enriched air by the oxygen enrichment device 42, and then the oxygen-enriched air is preheated to 170 ℃ by the gas preheating device 43 and is reheated to 370 ℃ by the gas reheating device 44 and then is introduced into the vertical incinerator 3; after the high-pressure atomized organic waste liquid is mixed with oxygen-enriched air of 370 ℃, the organic waste liquid is burnt out at the temperature of over 1100 ℃.
S3: high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 5 from the flue gas outlet 33, the temperature is reduced from 1100 ℃ to 700 ℃, saturated steam generated by heat exchange is respectively sent into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot through a steam distributing cylinder 53 and a valve 7 for preheating organic waste liquid, and is sent into a gas preheating device 43 for preheating oxygen-enriched air; then the higher temperature flue gas is further led into a gas reheating device 44 through a pipeline for reheating oxygen-enriched air, and finally the temperature of the higher temperature flue gas is reduced from 700 ℃ to 500 ℃ and enters a quenching tower; the heat of the flue gas is rapidly released from 500 ℃ to 160 ℃ through a quenching tower, and the flue gas is treated by deacidification, dust collection and the like and is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney through a draught fan.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A burning system suitable for middle-low calorific value waste liquid is characterized by comprising a waste liquid storage device for storing the waste liquid, a waste liquid preheating device for preheating the waste liquid, a waste liquid burning device for burning the waste liquid, a combustion-supporting device for conveying combustion-supporting gas into the waste liquid burning device, a heat recovery device for recycling heat of high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid burning device, and a purification treatment device for purifying the high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid burning device;
the combustion-supporting device comprises an air supply device for collecting external air, an oxygen enrichment device for enriching oxygen in the air, a gas preheating device for preheating the air and a gas reheating device for reheating the air, the heat recovered by the heat recovery device is respectively transmitted to the waste liquid preheating device and the gas preheating device, and the higher-temperature flue gas generated after the heat recovery device recovers and utilizes the heat is transmitted to the gas reheating device;
the gas output end of the gas supply device is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the oxygen enrichment device through valves, the gas output end of the oxygen enrichment device is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the gas preheating device through valves, the gas output end of the gas preheating device is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the gas reheating device through valves, and the gas output end of the gas reheating device is connected with the waste liquid incineration device through valves.
2. The incineration system for middle and low calorific value waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the waste liquid storage device comprises a plurality of waste liquid storage tanks for temporarily storing waste liquid with different physicochemical properties, and a homogeneous stirring tank for stirring and mixing the waste liquid in the waste liquid storage tanks, the plurality of waste liquid storage tanks are arranged in parallel, and liquid outlets of the plurality of waste liquid storage tanks are connected with liquid inlets of the homogeneous stirring tank through a transfer pump, a flowmeter and a switch valve.
3. The incineration system for medium and low calorific value waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein said waste liquid preheating means comprises a water bath or an oil bath.
4. The incineration system for middle and low calorific value waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the waste liquid incineration device comprises a vertical incinerator, the vertical incinerator is provided with an atomization nozzle for atomizing the waste liquid delivered by the waste liquid preheating device and then spraying the atomized waste liquid into the main combustion area, a gas injection port for introducing combustion-supporting gas, and a flue gas outlet for discharging high-temperature flue gas generated by incineration, and the flue gas outlet is connected with the heat recovery device.
5. The incineration system for middle and low calorific value waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the heat recovery device comprises a waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler comprises a higher temperature flue gas outlet and a saturated steam outlet, the higher temperature flue gas outlet is used for conveying higher temperature flue gas discharged from the waste heat boiler to the gas reheating device to reheat gas, the waste heat boiler is internally used for generating saturated steam through heat exchange of the high temperature flue gas, the saturated steam outlet is connected with a branch cylinder, and the branch cylinder respectively conveys the saturated steam to the waste liquid preheating device and the gas preheating device through valves.
6. The incineration system for medium and low heating value waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the gas supply device comprises a blower, the oxygen enrichment device comprises an oxygen enrichment machine, and the gas reheating device comprises a flue gas heat exchanger or a gas heat exchanger.
7. The incineration system for medium and low calorific value waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the purification treatment apparatus comprises a quenching unit, a dry deacidification unit, a cloth bag dust removal unit, a wet deacidification unit and a flue gas discharge unit.
8. An incineration process suitable for medium and low calorific value waste liquid, which is characterized by comprising the incineration system of any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprising the following steps:
s1: sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in the waste liquid storage device to obtain the conditions of main organic components, including a heat value and an S/Cl ratio; performing mutual solubility compatibility on one or more organic waste liquids in the waste liquid storage device, and determining the heat value range and the S/Cl ratio of the organic waste liquids after the compatibility;
s2: conveying the organic waste liquid after compatibility to a waste liquid preheating device, providing heat for the waste liquid preheating device through a heat recovery device, and heating the organic waste liquid from room temperature to 30-45 ℃ without exceeding the flash point of the organic waste liquid;
s3: conveying the organic waste liquid preheated in the waste liquid preheating device into a waste liquid incineration device, and injecting combustion-supporting gas into the waste liquid incineration device through a combustion-supporting device, so that the organic waste liquid and the combustion-supporting gas are fully mixed and burnt at the temperature of over 1100 ℃;
wherein, the injection mode of combustion-supporting gas includes: by controlling the opening and closing of the valve, external air is directly injected into the waste liquid incineration device through the air supply device, or is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device and the air preheating device in sequence, or is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device, the air preheating device and the air reheating device in sequence, or is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device and the oxygen enrichment device in sequence, or is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device, the oxygen enrichment device and the air preheating device in sequence, or is injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device, the oxygen enrichment device, the air preheating device and the air reheating device in sequence;
s4: after high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device sequentially passes through the heat recovery device and the gas reheating device, the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃ and then enters the purification treatment device, and the purification treatment device carries out sharp quenching and cooling on the cooled flue gas to 160-180 ℃, and then the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere after deacidification and dust removal.
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