CN113464395A - Two-dimensional piston pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The two-dimensional piston pump replaces a one-dimensional linear piston mechanism with a two-dimensional planar piston mechanism in a nested structure, so that a variable volume combination obtains more action numbers with less components, the power-weight ratio is improved, and meanwhile, the pulsation can be reduced, on the basis, the comprehensive performance is improved by adopting a plurality of technical means in a synergistic manner, namely, an eccentric wheel mechanism with a simple structure is adopted for transmission aiming at the motion characteristics of a two-dimensional piston, so that the structure is more concise and compact; the vibration is eliminated and the pulsation is reduced by the balanced distribution composite structure, and the interlinked balanced distribution composite structure can also greatly reduce the repeatability of the flow distribution device and improve the resource utilization rate; the internal flow distribution mode replaces the traditional flow distribution mode, and the sealing effect of the matching surface is improved by fully utilizing the internal fluid pressure; and a wear compensation inclination angle is arranged on a movable matching surface of the variable volume combination, so that the service life of the equipment is prolonged. In general, the two-dimensional piston pump has the characteristics of simple structure, high transmission efficiency, stable work, long service life and the like.

Description

Two-dimensional piston pump

Technical Field

The invention relates to a piston variable displacement pump.

Background

The main types of the reciprocating pump mainly comprise a swash plate plunger pump, a radial plunger pump and the like, the suction and discharge functions are realized by changing the static pressure and the volume of a working cavity through the reciprocating motion of a piston, larger discharge pressure and flow can be obtained, the appearance processing of the piston and a cavity is simpler, but a place to be improved also exists in the reciprocating pump, firstly, the same piston can only move along a single linear track, the structure limit is generally single action, and at most, the double action in a positive direction and a negative direction is realized, when the power is increased by increasing the cylinder barrel-piston variable volume combination number, the number of components is increased according to a considerable proportion, and the improvement of the power-weight ratio is not facilitated; secondly, in order to make the working chamber repeatedly communicate with and disconnect from high-pressure and low-pressure fluid in cooperation with the conversion of the working process, the valve also needs to be provided with a one-way valve, a valve plate, a valve shaft and other valve devices, the one-way valve has short service life and hysteresis, one piston corresponds to one group of inlets, outlets and valves, the mechanism has serious repeatability, the valve plate and the valve shaft are arranged outside the working chamber, the sealing effect of the matching surface cannot be increased and the wear compensation of the matching surface cannot be realized by utilizing the pressure of the fluid in the pump chamber, the valve plate also needs to be provided with an external pressing device, and the complexity of the structure is increased; and thirdly, acting thrust and resetting tension need to be applied to the piston in different directions in the single-acting structure, and the connection structure of the reciprocating mechanism and the piston is not compact.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a piston pump, which replaces a one-dimensional linear piston mechanism with a two-dimensional plane piston mechanism of a nested structure, so that a variable volume combination obtains more action numbers with less components, the power-weight ratio is improved, and meanwhile, the pulsation can be reduced; the vibration is eliminated and the pulsation is reduced by the balanced distribution composite structure, and the interlinked balanced distribution composite structure can also greatly reduce the repeatability of the flow distribution device and improve the resource utilization rate; the internal flow distribution mode replaces the traditional flow distribution mode, and the sealing effect of the matching surface is improved by fully utilizing the internal fluid pressure; and a wear compensation inclination angle is arranged on a movable matching surface of the variable volume combination, so that the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

The piston mechanism is a two-dimensional plane motion piston mechanism, which comprises a cylinder barrel, an outer plug and an inner plug; the cylinder barrel is fixedly installed, and the outer plug reciprocates by taking the cylinder barrel as a track; the outer plug is also a track of the inner plug, the inner plug reciprocates relative to the outer plug, and the movement direction of the inner plug is different from the movement direction of the outer plug relative to the cylinder barrel.

The driving device of the invention is provided with an eccentric wheel transmission mechanism; the eccentric wheel drives the inner plug, the inner plug drives the outer plug, or the eccentric wheel is directly used as the inner plug to drive the outer plug; the eccentric wheel is driven by a system self-powered device or an external power device.

The invention has the advantages that the magnet or the coil is fixedly connected with the cylinder barrel, the outer plug and the inner plug, and the outer plug and the inner plug can be directly driven to move in an electromagnetic induction mode.

The invention has a composite structure, and two or more than two-dimensional piston mechanism units are distributed in a balanced way.

The invention has a plurality of two-dimensional piston mechanism units which are distributed in a chain, the cylinder barrels of the two-dimensional piston mechanism units are simplified into a common annular structure, the adjacent structure units have symmetrical action, and the two-dimensional piston mechanism units are provided with a common flow distribution device and a common central flow distribution device or a common peripheral flow distribution device.

The flow distribution device comprises an inner flow distribution plate which rotates in a variable-volume space to work, and a synchronization device is arranged to enable the inner flow distribution plate to match with the strokes of an inner plug and an outer plug to periodically connect or disconnect a high-pressure area or a low-pressure area.

According to the invention, rollers are arranged between the outer plug and the inner plug, between the outer plug and the cylinder barrel, or between the end surfaces of the inner plug and the outer plug and the end plate of the cylinder barrel to reduce friction resistance.

The movable matching surfaces between the outer plug and the inner plug or between the outer plug and the cylinder barrel are planes and have abrasion compensation inclination angles, and the movable matching surfaces can mutually perform abrasion compensation through relative movement in the direction vertical to the movement plane or are made into cambered surfaces for improving rigidity or facilitating sealing.

The motion assembly is made of light materials or has a reinforcing rib weight reducing structure, or is provided with a weight reducing hole or a balancing weight to reduce the unbalance degree, so that the adverse effects of eccentric motion and reciprocating motion inertia can be reduced.

The invention is provided with an intelligent control device.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an axial view of a monolithic structure;

FIG. 2 is a radial view of a monolithic structure;

FIG. 3 is a radial view of a coaxial balanced distributed composite structure;

FIG. 4 is an axial view of an interlinked, balanced, distributed composite structure;

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the mating surfaces are curved.

Detailed Description

The piston mechanism is a two-dimensional plane motion piston mechanism, which comprises a cylinder barrel, an outer plug and an inner plug; the cylinder barrel is fixedly installed, and the outer plug reciprocates by taking the cylinder barrel as a track; the outer plug is also a track of the inner plug, the inner plug reciprocates relative to the outer plug, and the movement direction of the inner plug is different from the movement direction of the outer plug relative to the cylinder barrel. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, two ends of the cylinder barrel 1 are fixedly connected with a bottom plate 12 and an end cover 13; the outer plug 2 can do linear reciprocating motion along an X axis in a closed variable volume space formed by the cylinder barrel 1, the bottom plate 12 and the end cover 13 to form a double-acting piston mechanism; the inner plug 3 can do linear reciprocating motion along the Y axis in a closed variable volume space formed by the outer plug 2, the cylinder barrel 1, the bottom plate 12 and the end cover 13, and also forms a double-acting piston mechanism; the outer plug 2 is a track for both the piston and the inner plug 3, and the inner plug 3 and the outer plug 2 have different directions of movement in two-dimensional planes. The driving device comprises an eccentric wheel mechanism, the inner plug 3 is rotationally connected with an eccentric wheel 11 through a shaft sleeve 4 or a roller bearing, and the eccentric wheel 11 is rotationally connected with a middle shaft 10; the power device is a motor or other types of devices, the system is self-contained or from the outside, and torque is input from the middle shaft 10 to drive the eccentric wheel 11; the eccentric 11, when continuously rotated, drives the inner plug 3 to rotate in translation and to reciprocate relative to the outer plug 2, while the inner plug 3 also drives the outer plug 2 to reciprocate in the other direction relative to the cylinder 1. An inlet 7 and an outlet 9 are arranged on a bottom plate 12 in the variable volume space where the inner plug 3 and the outer plug 2 work, and a port plate 6 is rotatably connected with the bottom plate 12 through a shaft 8, and notches or through holes are arranged on the port plate 6 and can be periodically aligned with the inlet 7 or the outlet 9 in the axial direction; the shaft 8 and the middle shaft 10 keep a constant rotating speed ratio, such as 1:1 in the embodiment, through a synchronous mechanism consisting of a belt wheel 15, a belt wheel 17 and a synchronous belt 16, so that the port plate 6 can open or close the inlet 7 or the outlet 9 in a way of matching with the working strokes of the inner plug 3 and the outer plug 2 in the rotation process; the internal flow distribution structure can also adopt the schemes of one-way valve flow distribution, shaft flow distribution, external flow distribution discs and the like to replace or be used in a mixed way; when incompressible fluid is used as a working medium, an air bag 14 is arranged in the variable volume space to avoid impact caused by closing of the inlet 7 and the outlet 9 during stroke conversion, and output pulsation can be reduced. The maximum action number of the one-level nested two-dimensional piston mechanism is twice that of a single two-way piston mechanism, the number of components does not need to be increased according to the same proportion, the two-dimensional piston mechanism can have more nested levels as long as the space allows, and the inner plug is additionally arranged in the inner plug 3. The bottom plate 12 and the end caps 13 serve as structural members and also serve as end plates to form a variable volume space, so that the overall structure is simpler, and special end plates can be adopted to facilitate modular assembly in a multi-unit composite structure or meet the requirement of certain functions. In applications where different reciprocation speeds are required, the trajectories of the outer plug 2 relative to the cylinder 1 and the inner plug 3 relative to the outer plug 2 may also be curved.

The driving device of the invention is provided with an eccentric wheel transmission mechanism; the eccentric wheel drives the inner plug, the inner plug drives the outer plug, or the eccentric wheel is directly used as the inner plug to drive the outer plug; the eccentric wheel is driven by a system self-powered device or an external power device. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the driving device comprises an eccentric wheel mechanism, the inner plug 3 is rotatably connected with an eccentric wheel 11 through a shaft sleeve 4 or a roller bearing, and the eccentric wheel 11 is rotatably connected with a middle shaft 10; the power device is a motor or other types of devices, comes from the outside or is carried by the system, and inputs torque from the middle shaft 10 to drive the eccentric wheel 11; the eccentric 11, when continuously rotated, drives the inner plug 3 to rotate in translation and to reciprocate relative to the outer plug 2, and at the same time, the plug 3 drives the inner plug 2 to reciprocate relative to the cylinder 1.

The invention has the advantages that the magnet or the coil is fixedly connected with the cylinder barrel, the outer plug and the inner plug, and the outer plug and the inner plug can be directly driven to move in an electromagnetic induction mode. The embodiment of fig. 1 can be changed into a magnetic induction mode to drive, namely a magnet and a coil are fixedly arranged on the cylinder barrel 1 and the outer plug 2 respectively, the installation orientation can also be reversed, the outer plug is driven to move relative to the cylinder barrel through an electromagnetic induction mode, and the inner plug 3 is driven to move relative to the outer plug 2 in the same way.

The belt has a composite structure, and two or more than two-dimensional piston mechanism units are distributed in a balanced manner. As shown in fig. 3, the eccentric wheel 18 is fixedly connected with the middle shaft 22 and can drive the inner plug 19 to move in the outer plug 20, the inner plug 19 drives the outer plug 20 to move in the cylinder 21 when moving, and the cylinder 21 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 24 and the end plate at two ends; two sets of the unit structures are distributed on two sides of a public bottom plate 24 in a balanced mode and act symmetrically; the unit structures can be arranged in the axial direction and can also be distributed in the radial direction.

The invention has a plurality of two-dimensional piston mechanism units which are distributed in a chain, the cylinder barrels of the two-dimensional piston mechanism units are simplified into a common annular structure, the adjacent structure units have symmetrical action, and the two-dimensional piston mechanism units are provided with a common flow distribution device and a common central flow distribution device or a common peripheral flow distribution device. As shown in fig. 4, the inner ring 42 and the outer ring 43 are fixed to the base plate 30 to form an annular passage; a plurality of groups of unit structures including an outer plug 35 and an inner plug 36 are connected in a ring and are distributed in a balanced way in the channel, and each unit structure is driven by an independent eccentric wheel 38; the adjacent units are dynamically and symmetrically distributed, namely the centers of the central axes 39 of the two eccentric wheels 38 are connected by straight lines, the vertical line of the connecting middle point passes through the center of the central axis 40, and the outer plug 35 and the inner plug 36 which are arranged with the vertical line as a symmetrical axis respectively and keep symmetry in motion; the adjacent units share a common flow distribution device in the circumferential direction, and the common flow distribution device comprises a flow distribution disc 31, a shaft 33, an inlet 32 and an outlet 34; the action in the other movement direction is also provided with a common central flow distribution device and a common peripheral flow distribution device, the sharing range is not limited to adjacent units, and the actions with the same working phase can be shared.

The flow distribution device comprises an inner flow distribution plate which rotates in a variable-volume space to work, and a synchronization device is arranged to enable the inner flow distribution plate to match with the strokes of an inner plug and an outer plug to periodically connect or disconnect a high-pressure area or a low-pressure area. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an inlet 7 and an outlet 9 are provided on a bottom plate 12 in the variable volume space where the inner plug 3 and the outer plug 2 are located, and a port plate 6 is rotatably connected to the bottom plate 12 through a shaft 8, and the port plate 6 is provided with notches or through holes which can be periodically axially aligned with the inlet 7 or the outlet 9; the shaft 8 and the middle shaft 10 keep a constant rotating speed ratio, such as 1:1 in the embodiment, through a transmission mechanism consisting of a belt pulley 15, a belt pulley 17 and a synchronous belt 16, so that the port plate 6 can open or close the inlet 7 or the outlet 9 by matching with the working stroke of the inner plug 3 and the outer plug 2 in rotation, and the variable-capacity space is periodically connected or disconnected with a high-pressure area or a low-pressure area. The internal flow distribution mode can improve the sealing effect of the matching surface by fully utilizing the outward pressure of the internal fluid without a special pressing device, and the abrasion of the matching surface can be automatically compensated.

According to the invention, rollers are arranged between the outer plug and the inner plug, between the outer plug and the cylinder barrel, or between the end surfaces of the inner plug and the outer plug and the end plate of the cylinder barrel to reduce friction resistance. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, rollers 5 are provided between the outer plug 2 and the inner plug 3 to reduce frictional resistance, and such a roller structure may be provided between the outer plug 2 and the cylinder tube 1 and between the upper and lower end surfaces of the inner plug 3 and the outer plug 2 and the end plate 13 and the base 12 to reduce frictional resistance.

The movable matching surfaces between the outer plug and the inner plug or between the outer plug and the cylinder barrel are planes and have abrasion compensation inclination angles, and the movable matching surfaces can mutually perform abrasion compensation through relative movement in the direction vertical to the movement plane or are made into cambered surfaces for improving rigidity or facilitating sealing. Referring to fig. 2, the movable mating surfaces between the outer plug 2 and the inner plug 3 are planes and are not parallel to the central axis 10, and the intersection angle is a wear compensation inclination angle, which can compensate wear by moving relative to each other in a direction perpendicular to the movement plane, and such a mating manner can be adopted between the outer plug 2 and the cylinder tube 1. Referring to fig. 5, the movable mating surfaces of the outer plug 45 and the inner plug 46 are formed into arc surfaces, so that the structural rigidity can be improved, the sealing is more convenient, and the same mating mode can be adopted between the outer plug 2 and the cylinder barrel 1.

The motion assembly is made of light materials or has a reinforcing rib weight reducing structure, or is provided with a weight reducing hole or a balancing weight to reduce the unbalance degree, so that the adverse effects of eccentric motion and reciprocating motion inertia can be reduced. Referring to fig. 1, the motion components such as the outer plug 2, the inner plug 3 and the eccentric wheel 11 are made of high-strength light composite materials or have reinforcing rib weight reducing structures, or asymmetric weight reducing holes or balancing weights are arranged on the eccentric wheel 11 to reduce the unbalance degree, so that the adverse effects of vibration, unbalanced stress, large energy consumption and the like caused by eccentric motion and reciprocating motion inertia can be reduced.

The intelligent control system is provided with an intelligent control system, comprises a sensor, an electric control unit or an execution element, and can monitor or intelligently control indexes such as motor rotating speed, fluid pressure, output flow, internal temperature, noise, abrasion loss, leakage amount or running time.

Claims (10)

1. Two-dimensional piston pump, including piston mechanism, drive arrangement, join in marriage a class device, structure and controlling means, its characterized in that: the piston mechanism is a two-dimensional plane motion piston mechanism and comprises a cylinder barrel, an outer plug and an inner plug; the cylinder barrel is fixedly installed, and the outer plug reciprocates by taking the cylinder barrel as a track; the outer plug is also a track of the inner plug, the inner plug reciprocates relative to the outer plug, and the movement direction of the inner plug is different from the movement direction of the outer plug relative to the cylinder barrel.

2. The two-dimensional piston pump of claim 1, wherein: the driving device is provided with an eccentric wheel transmission mechanism; the eccentric wheel drives the inner plug, the inner plug drives the outer plug, or the eccentric wheel is directly used as the inner plug to drive the outer plug; the eccentric wheel is driven by a system self-powered device or an external power device.

3. The two-dimensional piston pump of claim 1, wherein: the magnetic body or the coil is fixedly connected with the cylinder barrel, the outer plug and the inner plug, and the outer plug and the inner plug can be directly driven to move in an electromagnetic induction mode.

4. The two-dimensional piston pump of claim 2, wherein: the piston mechanism has a composite structure, and two or more than two-dimensional piston mechanism units are distributed in a balanced manner.

5. The two-dimensional piston pump of claim 4, wherein: the two-dimensional piston mechanism units are distributed in a chain, the cylinder barrels of the two-dimensional piston mechanism units are simplified into a common annular structure, the adjacent structure units are symmetrical in action, a shared flow distribution device is arranged, and a common central flow distribution device or a common peripheral flow distribution device is arranged.

6. A two-dimensional piston pump according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: the flow distribution device comprises an inner flow distribution plate which rotates in the variable-volume space for work, and a synchronization device is arranged to enable the inner flow distribution plate to match with the strokes of the inner plug and the outer plug so as to periodically connect or disconnect a high-pressure area or a low-pressure area.

7. The two-dimensional piston pump of claim 6, wherein: and rollers are arranged between the outer plug and the inner plug, between the outer plug and the cylinder barrel, or between the end surfaces of the inner plug and the outer plug and the end plate of the cylinder barrel to reduce the friction resistance.

8. The two-dimensional piston pump of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 7, wherein: the movable matching surface between the outer plug and the inner plug or between the outer plug and the cylinder barrel is a plane and has a wear compensation inclination angle, and the movable matching surfaces can mutually perform wear compensation through relative movement in a direction perpendicular to a movement plane, or the movable matching surfaces are made into cambered surfaces in order to improve rigidity or facilitate sealing.

9. The two-dimensional piston pump of claim 8, wherein: the motion assembly is made of light materials or has a reinforcing rib weight reducing structure, or is provided with a weight reducing hole or a balancing weight to reduce the unbalance degree, so that the adverse effects of eccentric motion and reciprocating motion inertia can be reduced.

10. A two-dimensional piston pump according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 or 9, characterized in that: with an intelligent control device.

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