CN113464203A - Ground-underground combined exploration and treatment method for geological anomalous body of mine - Google Patents
Ground-underground combined exploration and treatment method for geological anomalous body of mine Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 23
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/426—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells for plugging
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
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- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ground-underground combined exploration and treatment method for a mine geological abnormal body, which comprises the following steps: 1. probing, namely determining the position of the geological abnormal body, and determining that the geological abnormal body is communicated with Ordovician ash water and has water inrush risk; 1.1 underground exploration of a mine; 1.2 three-dimensional seismic exploration, and defining abnormal areas; 1.3 ground exploration, mainly by drilling holes, the holes adopt a three-opening well body structure. 2. Treating; 2.1 treating the well; 2.2 treating underground. The invention combines the directional drilling on the ground with the directional long drilling hole along the layer of the underground bottom plate according to the engineering practice, and realizes the exploration and treatment of the geological abnormal body of the mine with advanced exploration and treatment time, large exploration and treatment space range, high exploration accuracy, good overall elimination effect of the hidden danger of water hazard, effective plugging of the water diversion crack channel and obvious treatment effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine detection, in particular to a ground-underground combined exploration and treatment method for a mine geological anomalous body.
Background
The geological anomalous body is a special geological structure, is a special type of hidden karst, is formed by water-soluble collapse of karst rock mass, is mainly distributed in the north of China, has great predictability and uncontrollable performance in water inrush caused by structural complexity, not only directly influences the working face to rapidly advance and recover for mining, but also relates to the safety production of mines.
The geological conditions of coal mines in China are complex and changeable, for coal fields in North China, a layer of Ordovician limestone with the thickness of as large as huge as the thickness of a main coal mining layer is widely developed below the main coal mining layer, the limestone has strong water-rich property and huge occurrence amount of water, and has a certain bearing head, when a coal mining working face is pushed, serious water inrush accidents of a bottom plate are caused once the coal mining working face is communicated with the Ordovician limestone through water guide structures such as geological abnormal bodies, and the water permeability accidents of the mining face are easy to occur when the mining working face meets the conditions, in recent years, along with the increase of the mining depth of a mine, the water damage of the bottom plate of the coal seam is more and more serious, and the conventional rotary drill is difficult to meet the limestone exploration and treatment requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the following defects in the prior art that the geological conditions of a coal mine in China are complex and changeable, for a coal field in North China, a layer of Ordovician limestone with the thickness of one layer to one layer is widely developed below a main mining coal layer, the limestone has strong water-rich property and huge amount of water, and has a certain bearing head, when a coal face is pushed, a serious water inrush accident of a bottom plate is caused once the coal face is communicated with the Ordovician limestone through a water guide structure such as a geological anomaly body, and when the coal face is in such a situation, the water permeability accident of the mining face is easy to occur, so that the ground-underground combined exploration and treatment method for the geological anomaly body of the mine is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a surface-underground combined exploration and treatment method for a mine geological anomalous body comprises the following steps:
1. probing
Determining the position of a geological abnormal body and the spatial distribution condition of an abnormal area, and determining whether the geological abnormal body is communicated with Ordovician grey water or not and whether the water inrush risk exists or not;
2. treatment of
According to the position of the geological abnormal body and the spatial distribution condition of the abnormal area determined in the step 1, if the geological abnormal body is communicated with the AoHu water and the water inrush risk exists, the water diversion crack channel can be blocked by the aboveground or underground treatment, the mining surface water permeability accident of the mining working surface is avoided, the aboveground and underground treatment methods are grouting, and only the construction technical parameters are different.
Preferably, the step 1 comprises:
1.1 underground exploration of a mine
Utilizing an 61303 working face transportation crossheading, distributing holes at 40m intervals along the direction of the working face by adopting a bottom plate bedding directional long drilling hole, and putting a phi 168mm orifice pipe, wherein 6 drilling holes are distributed in each group to cover the whole working face;
1.2 three-dimensional seismic exploration
Integrating the requirements of geological tasks of the region, seismic geological conditions, surface construction conditions, instrument factors, test results and an optimization scheme in the region, selecting a proper beam-shaped observation system for construction, and delineating an abnormal region;
1.3 ground exploration
The ground exploration is mainly realized by drilling a borehole, and the borehole adopts a three-opening well body structure.
Preferably, in the directional drilling construction process in step 1.1, the hole section with the bottom farthest from the hole opening is generally called a "main hole", the other hole sections are called "branch holes", the main hole is only one, the branch holes can be multiple, and the branch holes include a "primary branch hole" opened from the main hole and a "secondary branch hole" opened from the branch hole.
Preferably, the length of a single hole of the drill hole in the step 1.1 is 600-750 m, the construction horizon is a coal bottom plate sandstone horizon 40-45 m below a coal bottom plate, the drill hole track is approximate to the combination of a curve and a straight line, and the form of 'straight line-curve-straight line' is taken as the main mode.
Preferably, the step 1.3 of surface surveying comprises:
1) selecting a proper drilling tool combination according to the well section;
2) and selecting a proper drilling fluid formula according to the well sections of the first opening, the second opening and the third opening.
Preferably, the grouting process of the uphole treatment and the downhole treatment in the step 2 comprises the following steps:
s1, normal pressure grouting stage: when grouting is started, only the Aogrey water is in the fracture, after the mixed slurry is injected, the mixed slurry can enter the Aogrey fracture by utilizing the dead weight because the density of the mixed slurry is greater than that of the Aogrey water in the fracture, so that the function of replacing grey water by the mixed slurry is achieved, and the pressure of an orifice at the normal pressure grouting stage is 0 MPa;
s2, a pressurized grouting stage: the grouting pressure at the stage is carried out in a state of gradually increasing from hydrostatic pressure, and the aim is to plug small crack channels, further diffuse the grout transversely and longitudinally under the action of the pressure, increase the control range of drilling grouting, and finally compact and solidify to form a whole;
s3, high-pressure grouting stage: in the stage, in order to consolidate the early stage grouting effect, the pressure of a grouting orifice in the high-pressure grouting stage is more than or equal to 6MPa, when the pressure of the grouting orifice reaches more than 7MPa and the pump cannot be started due to overhigh pump pressure, the pump is stopped and the pressure is suppressed, the pressure of the orifice is maintained more than 6MPa for 30min, the grouting is stopped, and the single grouting project is finished.
Preferably, the grouting sequence of the aboveground treatment and the underground treatment in the step 2 adopts a principle of 'completing one hole, grouting one hole, and following with leakage', and a construction mode of jumping and grouting is performed under the condition, and the grouting effect of the pre-drilled hole can be checked during the grouting of the subsequent drilled hole.
Preferably, the pressure of the orifice in the pressure grouting stage in the step S2 is 0-6 MPa.
Preferably, the grouting materials in the well treatment in the step 2 are water, 32.5R ordinary portland cement and fly ash, the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.1-1.5, the grouting specific gravity can be properly adjusted in a section with large leakage amount and is not more than 1.6 at most, and the mass ratio of water to cement of the pure cement slurry is controlled to be 1: 1-3: 1.
Preferably, the grouting material in the downhole treatment in the step 2 is P.O.42.5 Portland cement, water with SO 42-content less than 1% and pH greater than 4 and single-liquid cement slurry with a water-cement ratio of 5: 1-3: 1, when the grouting amount is large, double-liquid slurry or other mixed slurry containing cement can be adopted, and the final pressure of drilling grouting is 9 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the directional drilling on the ground and the directional long drilling hole along the layer of the underground bottom plate are combined according to engineering practice, so that the exploration and treatment of the geological abnormal body of the mine are advanced in exploration and treatment time, large in exploration and treatment space range and high in exploration accuracy, the overall elimination effect of the water hazard hidden danger is good, the water diversion crack channel is effectively blocked, and the treatment effect is obvious;
2. the near-horizontal directional bedding drilling technology can enable a near-horizontal section of a drill hole to drill bedding in limestone, the length of the bedding section is large, the near-horizontal section can continuously penetrate through the limestone and fully contact with the limestone, the utilization rate of the drill hole is high, karst fractures are disclosed from the region to the maximum extent before a working surface is formed, the grouting transformation effect is enhanced, and the near-horizontal directional bedding drilling technology is a new technology for preventing and controlling the water damage of the limestone of the coal bed bottom plate in China at present;
3. the directional branch drilling hole is used for directional deflecting construction at a proper depth, a track controlled water service directional horizontal (nearly horizontal) hole is formed at a certain depth, and a plurality of strip-shaped branch holes are implemented at one side or two sides of the horizontal hole, so that compared with the traditional underground exploration hole of a coal mine, the directional branch drilling hole has the advantages of large control area, high track controlled precision, large construction equipment capacity, high construction safety degree, no influence of site environment, capability of advanced exploration and the like;
4. the method is characterized in that an orifice closed static pressure type full-hole section grouting method is adopted, a normal pressure, pressurization and high pressure grouting mode is adopted in the grouting process, the density of slurry is gradually increased, namely when a large crack cavity is exposed in the drilling engineering, the bottom of a semi-closed space is reinforced by adopting a large-flow low-pressure filling mode, a water guide channel between an Ordovician limestone water-bearing layer and a thin limestone layer is blocked, a grouting base is formed, then grouting is gradually pressurized, high pressure is formed to perform high-pressure splitting on the thin limestone layer, normal pressure, pressurization filling and high-pressure splitting can be repeated in a circulating mode, the grouting diffusion radius reaches the requirement of the distance between branch holes, exploration and treatment construction is performed through each branch hole in an area range, and the dual purposes of blocking the channel and modifying the water-bearing layer are finally completed
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the 61303 work surface and 61304 work surface of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a drill site according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the directional drilling process of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a branch hole construction process according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an orifice device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
A surface-underground combined exploration and treatment method for a mine geological anomalous body comprises the following steps:
1. probing
Determining the position of a geological abnormal body and the spatial distribution condition of an abnormal area, and determining whether the geological abnormal body is communicated with Ordovician grey water or not and whether the water inrush risk exists or not;
2. treatment of
According to the position of the geological abnormal body and the spatial distribution condition of the abnormal area determined in the step 1, if the geological abnormal body is communicated with the AoHu water and the water inrush risk exists, the water diversion crack channel can be blocked through the aboveground or underground treatment, the mining surface water permeability accident of the mining working surface is avoided, the aboveground and underground treatment methods are grouting, and only the construction technical parameters are different.
The step 1 comprises the following steps:
1.1 underground exploration of a mine
Utilizing an 61303 working face transportation crossheading, distributing holes at 40m intervals along the direction of the working face by adopting a bottom plate bedding directional long drilling hole, and putting a phi 168mm orifice pipe, wherein 6 drilling holes are distributed in each group to cover the whole working face;
1.2 three-dimensional seismic exploration
Integrating the requirements of geological tasks of the region, seismic geological conditions, surface construction conditions, instrument factors, test results and an optimization scheme in the region, selecting a proper beam-shaped observation system for construction, and delineating an abnormal region;
1.3 ground exploration
The ground exploration is mainly realized by drilling a borehole, and the borehole adopts a three-opening well body structure.
The project adopts two process methods of screw motor directional drilling and rotary drilling, the clear water deslagging drilling process is adopted to form holes, and when the screw motor carries out directional drilling: the whole drilling tool does not rotate, only the rotor of the screw drilling tool drives the drill bit to rotate to crush the rock for drilling, the tool face angle of the screw drilling tool is adjusted in real time, the purpose of turning and orienting the drilling track is realized, when normal oriented drilling is carried out, the parameter measurement is carried out on the drilling hole every 3m in principle, the drilling direction is adjusted according to the measured parameters and the grasped actual geological condition on site, and the drilling hole is strived to drill according to the design track and the requirement;
the construction drill site needs to meet the requirements of directional drilling holes on the drill site, the width of the drill site along the hole opening direction is more than or equal to 8m, the depth is more than or equal to 5.5m, the height is more than or equal to 3m, the directional drilling requires that a drill site bottom plate is horizontal, the water supply capacity of the drill site is more than or equal to 12m3/h, the power electric voltage is 1140/660V, the working voltage of a measurement while drilling system is 127V, the total power is more than or equal to 130kW, 1 water sump is constructed nearby the construction drill site, the size is not less than 1.5m (length) x 1.5m (width) x 1.5m (depth), and the drainage pump with the corresponding drainage capacity is installed for drainage of the drill site.
In the directional drilling construction process in step 1.1, a hole section with the hole bottom farthest from the hole opening is generally called a "main hole", other hole sections are called branch holes, only one main hole is provided, a plurality of branch holes are provided, and the branch holes include a "primary branch hole" opened from the main hole and a "secondary branch hole" opened from the branch hole;
hole position deviation of the holes: hole site deviation: ± 0.5m, tilt angle deviation: ± 2 °, azimuth deviation: ± 2 °, target zone deviation: the drilling depth is 120-350 m, the longitudinal deviation is less than 4m, and the transverse deviation is less than 6 m;
the additional device of the directional drilling is provided with an orifice pipe used for drilling, guiding and installing a water control valve, and the orifice pipe is formed by welding a 6-inch flange plate by a phi 168mm multiplied by 5mm seamless steel pipe;
drilling is carried out, wherein an orifice pipe is firstly placed, and a pressure test is carried out. Before formal construction, a safety gate valve of an orifice needs to be installed to ensure the control of water drainage. The pressure resistance of the safety gate valve is greater than the maximum water pressure;
and (3) detecting the sealing standard of the orifice pipe: after the hole is solidified for 24 hours, a slurry pump is adopted to inject water into the hole to hold pressure, the pressure is kept at 9.0MPa, the duration is 20-30 min, whether leakage occurs at the hole wall and the position near the orifice pipe or not is observed, and if the leakage does not occur and the pressure drops within the pressure holding time to be less than or equal to 0.5MPa, the pipe is qualified; if leakage or pressure drop is greater than 0.5MPa, grouting and pipe fixing are needed to be continued.
When a screw motor with a 1.25-degree structural bend angle is used for directional drilling main hole drilling, the whole drilling tool does not rotate, only a screw drilling tool rotor drives a drill bit to rotate to break rock to drill, the tool face angle of the screw drilling tool is adjusted in real time, and the purpose of turning and directional drilling tracks is achieved.
The length of a single hole of the drill hole in the step 1.1 is 600-750 m, the construction layer position is a coal bottom plate sandstone layer position 40-45 m below a coal bottom plate, the drill hole track is approximate to the combination of a curve and a straight line, and the straight line-curve-straight line form is taken as the main mode.
Step 1.3 ground exploration includes:
1) selecting proper drilling tool combination according to well section
Firstly, opening: a phi 377mm roller bit + a phi 203mm weighted drill collar + a phi 159mm drill collar + a phi 127mm drill rod + a vertical shaft;
opening two: 244.5mm phi PDC drill bit/roller cone drill bit + 172mm phi screw (1.5-degree single bend) + 165mm phi directional joint + 159mm phi nonmagnetic drill collar (MWD) + 159mm phi weighted drill collar + 127mm phi drill rod + vertical shaft;
and (3) three opening: 152mm phi PDC drill bit, 120mm phi screw (1.25 degree single bend), 120mm phi directional joint, 127mm phi nonmagnetic drill collar, 89mm phi drill rod, 127mm phi drill collar and vertical shaft.
2) Selecting proper drilling fluid formula first-cut and second-cut well sections according to the first-cut, second-cut and third-cut well sections
Using a low solids mud system, the preferred formulation is as follows: 0.1% of caustic soda, 5% of bentonite, 0.3% of salt-resistant copolymer, 1% of fluid loss additive (GPNA), 1% of anti-collapse drag reducer, 0.2% of coating agent and 1% of non-fluorescent lubricant;
performance indexes are as follows: the funnel viscosity is 20-30 s, the density is 1.05-1.10 g/cm3, the API filtration loss is less than or equal to 8ml/30min, the mud skin thickness is less than or equal to 0.5mm, and the pH value is 8-9;
three-opening well section
A solid free mud system is used, preferably formulated as follows: 0.1 to 0.2 percent of coating agent, 0.5 to 1 percent of anti-collapse drag reducer, 1 to 2 percent of lubricant and 0.2 to 0.4 percent of tackifier;
performance indexes are as follows: the viscosity of the funnel is 18-30 s, the density is 1.01-1.10 g/cm3, and the pH value is 8-11.
The grouting process of the aboveground treatment and the underground treatment in the step 2 comprises the following steps:
s1, normal pressure grouting stage: when grouting is started, only the Aogrey water is in the fracture, after the mixed slurry is injected, the mixed slurry can enter the Aogrey fracture by utilizing the dead weight because the density of the mixed slurry is greater than that of the Aogrey water in the fracture, so that the function of replacing grey water by the mixed slurry is achieved, and the pressure of an orifice at the normal pressure grouting stage is 0 MPa;
s2, a pressurized grouting stage: the grouting pressure at the stage is carried out in a state of gradually increasing from hydrostatic pressure, and the aim is to plug small crack channels, further diffuse the grout transversely and longitudinally under the action of the pressure, increase the control range of drilling grouting, and finally compact and solidify to form a whole;
s3, high-pressure grouting stage: in the stage, in order to consolidate the early stage grouting effect, the pressure of a grouting orifice in the high-pressure grouting stage is more than or equal to 6MPa, when the pressure of the grouting orifice reaches more than 7MPa and the pump cannot be started due to overhigh pump pressure, the pump is stopped and the pressure is suppressed, the pressure of the orifice is maintained more than 6MPa for 30min, the grouting is stopped, and the single grouting project is finished.
And 2, adopting the principle of finishing one hole, grouting one hole and injecting along with leakage in the grouting sequence of the aboveground treatment and the underground treatment in the step 2, and carrying out construction modes of jumping and grouting when conditions are met, wherein the grouting effect of the former drilled hole can be checked in the subsequent drilling and grouting process.
In the step S2, the pressure of the orifice in the pressure grouting stage is 0-6 MPa.
And 2, the grouting materials in the on-well treatment in the step 2 are water, 32.5R ordinary portland cement and fly ash, the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.1-1.5, the specific gravity of the grouting can be properly adjusted in a section with large leakage amount and is not more than 1.6 at most, and the mass ratio of water to cement of the pure cement slurry is controlled to be 1: 1-3: 1.
And (3) in the step 2, the grouting material in the underground treatment is P.O.42.5 Portland cement, water with the SO 42-content being less than 1 percent and the PH being more than 4 and single-liquid cement slurry with the water-cement ratio being 5: 1-3: 1, when the grouting amount is large, double-liquid slurry or other mixed slurry containing cement can be adopted, and the final pressure of the drilling grouting is 9 MPa.
In order to prevent the problem of mine water damage caused by geological anomalous bodies in the process of advancing a coal face, the embodiment provides a surface-underground combined exploration and treatment method for the geological anomalous bodies of the mine, which is shown in fig. 1 to 6 and comprises the following steps:
1. underground exploration of mine
The method is characterized in that a bottom plate bedding directional long drilling hole is adopted on the upper working face of a geological abnormal body, geological and hydrogeological abnormalities are found when a fifth group of bottom plate bedding long drilling holes close to the cutting hole end of the 61304 working face are constructed, three abnormal drilling holes all penetrate through a Y6 abnormal area, the geological abnormalities are 1.7m in total in three sections of blank pushing when ZL10-2-2 holes are constructed, water quantity mutation occurs at blank pushing positions, large rock blocks are punched in holes when the holes are finished, the diameters of the rock blocks are 30-150 mm (the hole diameters are 94mm), hydrographic abnormalities are expressed as three abnormalities in water pressure, water yield and water quality, and the hole opening pressures of three holes ZL10-2, ZL10-2-1 and ZL10-2-2 are 0.9MPa, 1MPa and 0.7MPa respectively and are consistent with the pressure of underground limestone pressure measuring holes in the area. In the aspect of water yield, the water quantity of ZL10-2 is 5.7m3/h, the water quantity of ZL10-2-1 hole final hole is 14m3/h, and the water quantity of ZL10-2-2 hole final hole is 60m3/h, which are all larger than the normal water inflow quantity (generally smaller than 5m3/h) of construction drilling in a coal sandstone layer under 9. The water quality is tested by taking water, and the water quality of the three drilled holes is obviously the AoHui water quality.
2. Three-dimensional seismic exploration
And (3) integrating the requirements of the geological task of the region, the geological conditions of the earthquake in the region, the surface construction conditions, instrument factors, test results and an optimization scheme, and selecting a proper beam-shaped observation system for construction to define the abnormal region.
3. Ground exploration
According to an abnormal area defined by three-dimensional seismic exploration, 1 ground multi-branch horizontal directional bedding drill hole DY1 is arranged, DY1 holes comprise 1 straight hole section, 1 deflecting section and 9 branch horizontal holes, 1 branch horizontal hole is added according to the actual engineering situation in the later stage, the distance between the branch holes is about 40m, the branch horizontal holes drill in and control a Y6 abnormal area along the distance of 10-20 m below the Ordovician grey top interface, and the specific construction sequence of the directional horizontal branch drill hole is as follows: DY1 hole straight hole section → DY1 hole oblique section → DY1-6 hole → DY1-3 hole → DY1-2 hole → DY1-1 hole → DY1 branch → DY1-8 hole → DY1-7 hole → DY1-5 hole → DY1-4 hole → DY1-9 hole → closed main hole.
4. Treatment of
Adopting an orifice closed static pressure type full-hole section grouting method, carrying out a full-pump-volume water-pressing test before grouting each time, wherein the purpose is to wash a grouting pipeline and rock cracks in a hole, then grouting, selecting dilute cement slurry with a water-cement ratio of 3:1 for the first grouting, starting to add fly ash when the unit grouting amount of the hole section reaches 5t/m and the pump pressure of the orifice is still 0, and adding cement and fly ash step by step according to the proportion of 1:0.3, 1:0.5, 1:0.8, 1:1, 1:1.3, 1:1.5, 1:1.8 and 1:2, wherein the addition standard is that the unit grouting amount of the hole section is increased by 3t/m and the pump pressure of the orifice is still 0; when the pressure of the orifice is not 0, gradually adjusting according to the water-cement ratio of 3:1, 2.5:1, 2:1, 1.5:1 and 1:1, and properly reducing the pump amount; and when the hole opening reaches more than 6MPa, the pump capacity is less than 35L/min and is stable for more than 20min, and grouting is finished.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A surface-underground combined exploration and treatment method for a mine geological anomalous body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, exploring
Determining the position of a geological abnormal body and the spatial distribution condition of an abnormal area, and determining whether the geological abnormal body is communicated with Ordovician grey water or not and whether the water inrush risk exists or not;
step 2, treatment
According to the position of the geological abnormal body and the spatial distribution condition of the abnormal area determined in the step 1, if the geological abnormal body is communicated with the AoHu water and the water inrush risk exists, the water diversion crack channel is sealed and blocked through aboveground or underground treatment, so that the mining surface water permeability accident of the mining working surface is avoided, and the aboveground treatment method and the underground treatment method are grouting.
2. The method for ground-downhole combined exploration and treatment of mine geological anomalies according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 comprises:
1.1 underground exploration of a mine
Utilizing a working face transportation crossheading, arranging holes at 40m intervals along the direction of the working face by adopting directional long drill holes on a bottom plate bedding layer, and putting phi 168mm orifice pipes, wherein 6 drill holes are arranged in each group to cover the whole working face;
1.2 three-dimensional seismic exploration
Integrating the requirements of geological tasks of the region, seismic geological conditions, surface construction conditions, instrument factors, test results and an optimization scheme in the region, selecting a proper beam-shaped observation system for construction, and delineating an abnormal region;
1.3 ground exploration
The ground exploration is carried out by drilling holes, and the drilled holes adopt a three-opening well body structure.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the directional drilling construction in step 1.1, the hole section with the bottom most distant from the hole opening is called "main hole", the other hole sections are called "branch holes", the main hole is only one, the branch holes are multiple, and the branch holes include a primary branch hole opened from the main hole and a secondary branch hole opened from the branch hole.
4. The method for ground-downhole combined exploration and treatment of mine geological anomalous bodies according to claim 2, characterized in that the length of a single hole of the drill hole in the step 1.1 is 600-750 m, the construction horizon is a coal bottom plate sandstone horizon 40-45 m below a coal bottom plate, the drill hole track is approximate to a combination of a curve and a straight line, and the combination is mainly in a form of 'straight line-curve-straight line'.
5. A method of combined surface-downhole exploration and treatment of mine geological anomalies as claimed in claim 2, wherein step 1.3 of surface exploration comprises:
1) selecting a proper drilling tool combination according to the well section;
2) and selecting a proper drilling fluid formula according to the well sections of the first opening, the second opening and the third opening.
6. The method for ground-downhole combined exploration and treatment of mine geological anomaly according to claim 1, wherein the grouting process of the uphole treatment and downhole treatment in the step 2 comprises the following steps:
s1, normal pressure grouting stage: when grouting is started, only the Aogrey water is in the fracture, after the mixed slurry is injected, the mixed slurry can enter the Aogrey fracture by utilizing the dead weight because the density of the mixed slurry is greater than that of the Aogrey water in the fracture, so that the function of replacing grey water by the mixed slurry is achieved, and the pressure of an orifice at the normal pressure grouting stage is 0 MPa;
s2, a pressurized grouting stage: the grouting pressure at the stage is carried out in a state of gradually increasing from hydrostatic pressure, and the aim is to plug small crack channels, further diffuse the grout transversely and longitudinally under the action of the pressure, increase the control range of drilling grouting, and finally compact and solidify to form a whole;
s3, high-pressure grouting stage: in the stage, in order to consolidate the early stage grouting effect, the pressure of a grouting orifice in the high-pressure grouting stage is more than or equal to 6MPa, when the pressure of the grouting orifice reaches more than 7MPa and the pump cannot be started due to overhigh pump pressure, the pump is stopped and the pressure is suppressed, the pressure of the orifice is maintained more than 6MPa for 30min, the grouting is stopped, and the single grouting project is finished.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grouting sequence of the uphole treatment and the downhole treatment in step 2 is based on the principle of "completing one hole, grouting one hole, and following with leakage", and the construction mode of jump-shooting and jump-grouting is performed under the condition, and the grouting effect of the preceding drilled hole can be checked during the subsequent drilling grouting.
8. The method for ground-downhole combined exploration and treatment of mine geological anomalies according to claim 6, wherein the pressure of the orifice in the pressurized grouting stage in the step S2 is 0-6 MPa.
9. The method for ground-underground combined exploration and treatment of the geological abnormal bodies of the mine according to claim 1, wherein grouting materials in the step 2 on-well treatment are water, 32.5R ordinary portland cement and fly ash, the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.1-1.5, the specific gravity of the slurry can be properly adjusted in a section with large leakage amount and is not more than 1.6 at most, and the mass ratio of water to cement of the pure cement slurry is controlled to be 1: 1-3: 1.
10. The surface-underground combined exploration and treatment method for the geological abnormal bodies of the mines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grouting material in the underground treatment in the step 2 is P.O.42.5 Portland cement, water with SO42 content less than 1% and PH greater than 4 and single-liquid cement slurry with water cement ratio of 5: 1-3: 1, when the grouting amount is larger, double-liquid slurry or other mixed slurry containing cement can be adopted, and the final pressure of the drilling grouting is 9 MPa.
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| CN115930928A (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-04-07 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队(山东省地矿工程勘察院) | Intelligent surveying device for mine environment and using method |
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| CN115930928A (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-04-07 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队(山东省地矿工程勘察院) | Intelligent surveying device for mine environment and using method |
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