CN113462996A - Preparation method of metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN113462996A CN113462996A CN202010243625.6A CN202010243625A CN113462996A CN 113462996 A CN113462996 A CN 113462996A CN 202010243625 A CN202010243625 A CN 202010243625A CN 113462996 A CN113462996 A CN 113462996A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/20—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by subjecting to pressure and heat an assembly comprising at least one metal layer or sheet and one layer of fibres or filaments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
- C22C47/062—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element from wires or filaments only
- C22C47/064—Winding wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
- C22C47/062—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element from wires or filaments only
- C22C47/066—Weaving wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: sequentially superposing a first solid massive aluminum alloy layer, a massive metal fiber layer and a second solid massive aluminum alloy layer under a solid condition; the massive metal fiber layer, the first solid massive aluminum alloy layer and the second solid massive aluminum alloy layer form metallurgical bonding under the solid condition through heating and pressurizing conditions; the massive metal fiber layer, the first solid massive aluminum alloy layer and the second solid massive aluminum alloy layer are subjected to dynamic recovery recrystallization, crystal grains are elongated and refined, and the whole structure of the aluminum alloy composite body is subjected to work hardening; the metal fibers in the massive metal fiber layer are formed into a porous fiber layer through a weaving or winding process. The fiber and the aluminum alloy are metallurgically bonded in a plastic state, and the fiber is subjected to dispersion strengthening, fine grain strengthening and work hardening, so that the mechanical strength is improved by 50-200% and the elongation is improved by 5-10% compared with powder metallurgy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new materials, in particular to a preparation method of metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy.
Background
The aluminum alloy has the advantages of high specific strength, corrosion resistance and the like, is widely applied to industries such as automobiles, energy sources, aerospace and the like, and has important social and economic values. The preparation of high-strength low-density aluminum alloys has received extensive attention from researchers and society in the material field, wherein metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloys are increasingly studied due to their good effects, and the traditional methods for preparing metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloys include powder metallurgy, casting and other processes.
Powder metallurgy is a solid state preparation technology which is prepared by mixing metal fibers and aluminum alloy powder through powder mixing and sintering processes, and in order to further improve the performance of a composite material, subsequent processes such as rolling, annealing and the like need to be added. The casting process is to inject the aluminum alloy into the three-dimensional metal fiber structure in a molten state by the processes of permeation, pressure, infiltration and the like, and is a liquid forming technology, the method is carried out under a high-temperature condition, the requirement on equipment is high, the defects of pores, holes and the like are inevitable, and in order to further improve the performance, subsequent processes of rolling, annealing and the like are needed; in another casting process, short and broken fibers are added into an aluminum alloy liquid, and the mixture is cast and molded after being fully stirred at a high temperature, which also belongs to a liquid molding technology. The principle of strengthening the matrix aluminum alloy by the three common preparation methods only depends on the dispersion strengthening mode of the metal fibers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy, the metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy fiber obtained by the preparation method is metallurgically bonded with aluminum alloy in a plastic state, and has the advantages of dispersion strengthening, fine grain strengthening and work hardening, the mechanical strength is improved by 50-200% compared with powder metallurgy, the elongation is improved by 5-10%, and the defects of air holes, holes and the like are avoided, the strengthening mode is dispersion strengthening, fine grain strengthening and work hardening, and compared with a casting process, the mechanical strength is improved by 80-300%, the elongation is improved by 5-30%, and the density is improved by 5-35%; and the process is simple, the cost is low, and the continuous production operation is easy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a preparation method of metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one, sequentially superposing a first solid massive aluminum alloy layer, a massive metal fiber layer and a second solid massive aluminum alloy layer under a solid condition;
step two, forming metallurgical bonding on the massive metal fiber layer, the first solid massive aluminum alloy layer and the second solid massive aluminum alloy layer under the solid condition through heating and pressurizing conditions;
step three, the massive metal fiber layer, the first solid massive aluminum alloy layer and the second solid massive aluminum alloy layer are subjected to dynamic recovery recrystallization, crystal grains are elongated and refined, and the whole structure of the aluminum alloy composite body is subjected to work hardening;
the metal fibers in the massive metal fiber layer are formed into a porous fiber layer through a weaving or winding process, and the porosity of the massive metal fiber layer ranges from 10% to 90%.
The further improved scheme in the technical scheme is as follows:
1. in the scheme, the blocky metal fiber layer is a stainless steel metal fiber layer, a titanium or titanium alloy metal fiber layer or a molybdenum or molybdenum alloy fiber layer, and the fiber diameter in the blocky metal fiber layer is 0.03-5 mm.
2. In the scheme, the second step and the third step are realized through stirring friction welding equipment, the stirring head and the aluminum alloy generate rotary friction heating, so that the aluminum alloy and the metal fiber are fully mixed under a plastic condition to form firm metallurgical composite, meanwhile, the integral composite structure is rolled to form dynamic recovery recrystallization, and the rolling rate is 2-98%.
3. In the scheme, the diameter range of the stirring needle of the stirring head is 1 mm-16 mm, the length range of the stirring needle is 4-16 mm, and the diameter of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head is 2 mm-40 mm; and applying pressure through a friction stir welding head, wherein the rotating speed of the stirring head is 200 r/min-5000 r/min, the feeding is 10 mm/min-5 m/min, and the stirring frequency range is 10-40 times.
4. In the scheme, the second step and the third step are realized by hot rolling equipment, the pressure applied by a rolling mill is 3000N-10000N, the rolling temperature is 300-650 ℃, the rolling frequency is 5-40 times, and the rolling rate is 2% -98%.
5. In the scheme, the thickness range of the blocky metal fiber layer is 0.04 mm-16 mm, and the thickness ranges of the first solid blocky aluminum alloy layer and the second solid blocky aluminum alloy layer are 0.1-16 mm.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the preparation method of the metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy, the fibers and the aluminum alloy are metallurgically bonded in a plastic state, the dispersion strengthening, the fine grain strengthening and the work hardening are realized, the mechanical strength is improved by 50-200% compared with the powder metallurgy, the elongation is improved by 5-10%, the defects of air holes, holes and the like are avoided, the strengthening mode is the dispersion strengthening, the fine grain strengthening and the work hardening, the mechanical strength is improved by 80-300% compared with the casting process, the elongation is improved by 5-30%, and the density is improved by 5-35%; and the process is simple, the cost is low, and the continuous production operation is easy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fiber-reinforced aluminum alloy of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural microscopic view of the titanium fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite material of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a microscopic view of the microscopic bonding interface of the titanium fiber and the aluminum alloy of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a microscopic view of an aluminum rolled fiber and a refined grain structure according to the present invention.
In the above drawings: 1. a first solid bulk aluminum alloy layer; 2. a bulk metal fiber layer; 3. a second solid bulk aluminum alloy layer.
Detailed Description
In the description of this patent, it is noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, as they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The meaning of the above terms in this patent may be specifically understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1: a preparation method of metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one, sequentially superposing a first solid massive aluminum alloy layer 1, a massive metal fiber layer 2 and a second solid massive aluminum alloy layer 3 under a solid condition;
secondly, forming metallurgical bonding on the massive metal fiber layer 2, the first solid massive aluminum alloy layer 1 and the second solid massive aluminum alloy layer 3 under the solid condition through heating and pressurizing conditions;
step three, the massive metal fiber layer 2, the first solid massive aluminum alloy layer 1 and the second solid massive aluminum alloy layer 3 are subjected to dynamic recovery recrystallization, crystal grains are elongated and refined, and the whole structure of the aluminum alloy composite body is subjected to work hardening;
the metal fibers in the massive metal fiber layer 2 are formed into a porous fiber layer through a weaving process, and the porosity of the massive metal fiber layer 2 ranges from 20% to 30%.
The blocky metal fiber layer is a titanium metal fiber layer, and the fiber diameter in the blocky metal fiber layer is 1 mm-1.2 mm.
The second step and the third step are realized by a stirring friction welding device, the stirring head and the aluminum alloy generate rotary friction heating, so that the aluminum alloy and the metal fiber are fully mixed under a plastic condition to form firm metallurgical composite, meanwhile, the integral composite structure is rolled to form dynamic recovery recrystallization, and the rolling rate is 60%.
The diameter range of the stirring pin of the stirring head is 4mm, the length range is 10mm, and the diameter of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head is 20 mm; the pressure is applied by a friction stir welding head, the rotating speed of the stirring head is 1000r/min, the feeding is 100m/min, and the stirring frequency range is 10 times.
The thickness range of the blocky metal fiber layer is 2mm, and the thickness ranges of the first solid blocky aluminum alloy layer and the second solid blocky aluminum alloy layer are 2 mm.
Example 2: a preparation method of metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one, sequentially superposing a first solid massive aluminum alloy layer 1, a massive metal fiber layer 2 and a second solid massive aluminum alloy layer 3 under a solid condition;
secondly, forming metallurgical bonding on the massive metal fiber layer 2, the first solid massive aluminum alloy layer 1 and the second solid massive aluminum alloy layer 3 under the solid condition through heating and pressurizing conditions;
step three, the massive metal fiber layer 2, the first solid massive aluminum alloy layer 1 and the second solid massive aluminum alloy layer 3 are subjected to dynamic recovery recrystallization, crystal grains are elongated and refined, and the whole structure of the aluminum alloy composite body is subjected to work hardening;
the metal fibers in the massive metal fiber layer are formed into a porous fiber layer through a winding process, and the porosity of the massive metal fiber layer ranges from 40% to 50%.
The blocky metal fiber layer is a titanium or titanium alloy metal fiber layer, and the fiber diameter in the blocky metal fiber layer is 0.03 mm-5 mm.
The second step and the third step are realized by hot rolling equipment, the pressure applied by the rolling mill is 5000N, the rolling temperature is 400 ℃, the rolling frequency is 5 times, and the rolling rate is 50%.
The thickness range of the blocky metal fiber layer is 4mm, and the thickness ranges of the first solid blocky aluminum alloy layer and the second solid blocky aluminum alloy layer are 6 mm.
When the preparation method of the metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy is adopted, the fiber and the aluminum alloy are metallurgically combined in a plastic state, the dispersion strengthening, the fine grain strengthening and the work hardening are realized, the mechanical strength is improved by 50-200% compared with the powder metallurgy, the elongation is improved by 5-10%, the defects of air holes, holes and the like are avoided, the strengthening mode is the dispersion strengthening, the fine grain strengthening and the work hardening, the mechanical strength is improved by 80-300% compared with the casting process, the elongation is improved by 5-30%, and the density is improved by 5-35%; and the process is simple, the cost is low, and the continuous production operation is easy.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, sequentially superposing a first solid massive aluminum alloy layer (1), a massive metal fiber layer (2) and a second solid massive aluminum alloy layer (3) under a solid condition;
secondly, forming metallurgical bonding on the massive metal fiber layer (2), the first solid massive aluminum alloy layer (1) and the second solid massive aluminum alloy layer (3) under the solid condition through heating and pressurizing conditions;
step three, the massive metal fiber layer (2), the first solid massive aluminum alloy layer (1) and the second solid massive aluminum alloy layer (3) are subjected to dynamic recovery recrystallization, crystal grains are elongated and refined, and the whole structure of the aluminum alloy composite body is subjected to work hardening;
the metal fibers in the massive metal fiber layer (2) are formed into a porous fiber layer through a weaving or winding process, and the porosity of the massive metal fiber layer (2) ranges from 10% to 90%.
2. The method for producing a metal fiber-reinforced aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the massive metal fiber layer (2) is a stainless steel metal fiber layer, a titanium or titanium alloy metal fiber layer or a molybdenum or molybdenum alloy fiber layer, and the fiber diameter in the massive metal fiber layer (2) is 0.03-5 mm.
3. The method for producing a metal fiber-reinforced aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second step and the third step are realized through friction stir welding equipment, the stirring head and the aluminum alloy generate rotary friction heat, so that the aluminum alloy and the metal fiber are fully mixed under a plastic condition to form firm metallurgical composite, meanwhile, the integral composite structure is rolled to form dynamic recovery recrystallization, and the rolling rate is 2% -98%.
4. The method for producing a metal fiber-reinforced aluminum alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that: the diameter range of a stirring pin of the stirring head is 1 mm-16 mm, the length range of the stirring pin is 4-16 mm, and the diameter of a shaft shoulder of the stirring head is 2 mm-40 mm; and applying pressure through a friction stir welding head, wherein the rotating speed of the stirring head is 200 r/min-5000 r/min, the feeding is 10 mm/min-5 m/min, and the stirring frequency range is 10-40 times.
5. The method for producing a metal fiber-reinforced aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second step and the third step are realized by hot rolling equipment, the pressure applied by a rolling mill is 3000N-10000N, the rolling temperature is 300-650 ℃, the rolling frequency is 5-40 times, and the rolling rate is 2% -98%.
6. The method for producing a metal fiber-reinforced aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness range of the blocky metal fiber layer (2) is 0.04 mm-16 mm, and the thickness ranges of the first solid blocky aluminum alloy layer (1) and the second solid blocky aluminum alloy layer (3) are 0.1-16 mm.
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| CN202010243625.6A CN113462996A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Preparation method of metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy |
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| CN202010243625.6A CN113462996A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Preparation method of metal fiber reinforced aluminum alloy |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114921734A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-19 | 厦门大学 | Preparation method of continuous ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
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| WO2015011961A1 (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-01-29 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Composite material comprising metal and carbon fibers, and method for producing same |
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2020
- 2020-03-31 CN CN202010243625.6A patent/CN113462996A/en active Pending
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| US5578148A (en) * | 1995-07-24 | 1996-11-26 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Method to produce high temperature oxidation resistant metal matrix composites by fiber diameter grading |
| JP2005139525A (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-06-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Apparatus and method for manufacturing metal-matrix composite |
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| CN114921734A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-19 | 厦门大学 | Preparation method of continuous ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
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Application publication date: 20211001 |