CN113461442B - Method for improving CMAS resistance of thermal barrier coating and CMAS-resistant workpiece - Google Patents

Method for improving CMAS resistance of thermal barrier coating and CMAS-resistant workpiece Download PDF

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CN113461442B
CN113461442B CN202110829007.4A CN202110829007A CN113461442B CN 113461442 B CN113461442 B CN 113461442B CN 202110829007 A CN202110829007 A CN 202110829007A CN 113461442 B CN113461442 B CN 113461442B
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coating
workpiece
cmas
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barrier coating
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CN113461442A (en
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李树索
曲卫卫
裴延玲
宫声凯
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Beihang University
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    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for improving CMAS resistance of a thermal barrier coating and a CMAS resistance methodA workpiece belongs to the technical field of thermal barrier coating protection. In the invention, Y is2O3As the bottom layer of the composite coating, on one hand, the surface sintering of the thermal barrier coating can be effectively promoted, the surface is more compact, the permeation channel of CMAS is reduced, and when the thermal barrier coating is a YSZ coating, the columnar crystal structure of the lower half part of the YSZ coating can be kept, so that the strain tolerance of the thermal barrier coating is not reduced; second Y2O3With SiO in CMAS2The reaction has more negative Gibbs free energy, the reaction is easier to occur, and silicon is effectively locked so that eutectic compounds with low melting points are not formed. TiO 22The composite coating can react with Ca element with higher content in CMAS to generate calcium titanate as a top layer of the composite coating, further reduces the generation of eutectic with low melting point, improves the melting point of CMAS and prevents the CMAS from melting and permeating at service temperature.

Description

Method for improving CMAS resistance of thermal barrier coating and CMAS-resistant workpiece
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal barrier coating protection, in particular to a method for improving CMAS resistance of a thermal barrier coating and a CMAS-resistant workpiece.
Background
The CMAS is environmental sediments such as debris, gravel, dust, volcanic ash and the like ingested along with gas when the aeroengine works, and the main components of the CMAS are CaO, MgO and Al2O3And SiO2And also contains a small amount of Fe, Na and K oxides, and the composition of the oxides is partially changed with the change of the region. These oxides react at high temperatures to form eutectic compounds with low melting points, around 1230 ℃. When the melting point of the CMAS is exceeded, the molten CMAS forms a glassy substance, and great damage is brought to the blade in high-temperature service, so that the service life of the blade is shortened. Especially for YSZ (yttria stabilized zirconia) coatings prepared by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD), the columnar crystal morphology provides a channel for CMAS penetration, and the failure of the coating is accelerated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving CMAS resistance of a thermal barrier coating and a CMAS-resistant workpiece.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for improving CMAS resistance of a thermal barrier coating, which comprises the following steps:
putting the workpiece coated with the thermal barrier coating into yttrium sol for first dipping, then carrying out first pulling, carrying out first drying on the workpiece after the first pulling, and forming Y on the surface of the thermal barrier coating2O3Coating to obtain adhesion Y2O3Coating the workpiece;
attaching the said attachment Y2O3Performing first sintering on the coated workpiece to obtain a sintered workpiece;
placing the sintered workpiece into titanium sol for second dipping, then carrying out second pulling, carrying out second drying on the workpiece after the second pulling, and carrying out second drying on the workpiece after the second pulling2O3Formation of TiO on the surface of the coating2Coating to obtain adhesion Y2O3-TiO2A composite coated workpiece;
attaching the said attachment Y2O3-TiO2And carrying out second sintering on the composite coating workpiece.
Preferably, the thermal barrier coating is a YSZ coating.
Preferably, after the first drying, the processes of the first dipping, the first lifting and the first drying are repeated 15 to 30 times.
Preferably, the first dipping time is independently 10-15 s; the first lifting speed is independently 3-6 cm/min.
Preferably, after the second drying, the processes of the second dipping, the second lifting and the second drying are repeated for 15 to 30 times.
Preferably, the second dipping time is independently 10-15 s; the second lifting speed is independently 3-6 cm/min.
Preferably, the temperature of the first sintering is 550-800 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4-6 h.
Preferably, the temperature of the second sintering is 750-900 ℃.
Preferably, the heat preservation time of the second sintering is 4-6 h.
The invention provides a CMAS-resistant workpiece,the workpiece coated with the thermal barrier coating is obtained after being treated by the method in the scheme; the CMAS-resistant workpiece comprises a workpiece body, a thermal barrier coating coated on the surface of the workpiece, and Y sequentially attached to the surface of the thermal barrier coating2O3Coating and TiO2And (4) coating.
The invention provides a method for improving CMAS resistance of a thermal barrier coating, which comprises the following steps: putting the workpiece coated with the thermal barrier coating into yttrium sol for first dipping, then carrying out first pulling, carrying out first drying on the workpiece after the first pulling, and forming Y on the surface of the thermal barrier coating2O3Coating to obtain adhesion Y2O3Coating the workpiece; attaching the said attachment Y2O3Performing first sintering on the coated workpiece to obtain a sintered workpiece; placing the sintered workpiece into titanium sol for second dipping, then carrying out second pulling, carrying out second drying on the workpiece after the second pulling, and carrying out second drying on the workpiece after the second pulling2O3Formation of TiO on the surface of the coating2Coating to obtain adhesion Y2O3-TiO2A composite coated workpiece; attaching the said attachment Y2O3-TiO2And carrying out second sintering on the composite coating workpiece.
In the present invention, Y2O3The thermal barrier coating can be used as the bottom layer of the composite coating and mainly plays two roles, firstly, the surface sintering of the thermal barrier coating can be effectively promoted, the surface is more compact, the permeation channel of CMAS is reduced, and when the thermal barrier coating is a YSZ coating, the columnar crystal structure of the lower half part of the YSZ coating can be kept, and the strain tolerance of the thermal barrier coating can not be reduced; second Y2O3With SiO in CMAS2The reaction has more negative Gibbs free energy, the reaction is easier to occur, and silicon is effectively locked so that eutectic compounds with low melting points are not formed. TiO 22The composite coating can react with Ca element with higher content in CMAS to generate calcium titanate as a top layer of the composite coating, further reduces the generation of eutectic with low melting point, increases the melting point of CMAS (the melting point of yttrium silicate is more than 2000K, and the melting point of calcium titanate is 2253K), and prevents the CMAS from melting and permeating at the service temperature (below 1250 ℃).
In addition, the method adopts a dipping and pulling method, so that the damage to the original thermal barrier coating can be effectively avoided, a gradient coating is formed, the method is simple, and the method has good applicability to complex structures such as blades and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of the product of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the residual coating after CMAS etching for 5h for various coated samples.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for improving CMAS resistance of a thermal barrier coating, which comprises the following steps:
putting the workpiece coated with the thermal barrier coating into yttrium sol for first dipping, then carrying out first pulling, carrying out first drying on the workpiece after the first pulling, and forming Y on the surface of the thermal barrier coating2O3Coating to obtain adhesion Y2O3Coating the workpiece;
attaching the said attachment Y2O3Performing first sintering on the coated workpiece to obtain a sintered workpiece;
placing the sintered workpiece into titanium sol for second dipping, then carrying out second pulling, carrying out second drying on the workpiece after the second pulling, and carrying out second drying on the workpiece after the second pulling2O3Formation of TiO on the surface of the coating2Coating to obtain adhesion Y2O3-TiO2A composite coated workpiece;
attaching the said attachment Y2O3-TiO2And carrying out second sintering on the composite coating workpiece.
The method comprises the steps of putting a workpiece coated with a thermal barrier coating into yttrium sol for first dipping, then carrying out first pulling, carrying out first drying on the workpiece subjected to the first pulling, and forming Y on the surface of the thermal barrier coating2O3Coating to obtain adhesion Y2O3And coating the workpiece.
Before the workpiece coated with the thermal barrier coating is placed in yttrium sol for first dipping, the method preferably further comprises the steps of cleaning the workpiece coated with the thermal barrier coating by sequentially using acetone, alcohol and deionized water, and then drying. The conditions for said washing and drying are not specifically required in the present invention, and washing and drying conditions well known in the art may be used.
The invention has no special requirements on the workpiece coated with the thermal barrier coating, and the workpiece coated with the thermal barrier coating is well known in the field. In the present invention, the thermal barrier coating is preferably a YSZ coating; the YSZ coating is preferably prepared by EB-PVD.
The yttrium sol is prepared by a method well known in the field or a commercially available method well known in the field. The present invention does not require a specific solid content for the yttrium sol, and any solid content known in the art can be used. In the examples of the present invention, the yttrium sol is specifically available from Xuancheng crystal rui new materials Co. The invention has no special requirement on the dosage of the yttrium sol, and can completely immerse the workpiece coated with the thermal barrier coating.
After the first drying, the process of the first dipping, the first pulling and the first drying is preferably repeated 15 to 30 times, more preferably 18 to 25 times, and most preferably 20 times. The invention can obtain Y with proper thickness by controlling the repeated times2O3And (4) coating.
In the invention, the first dipping time is preferably 10 to 15s independently, more preferably 12 to 13s independently, and in the embodiment of the invention, the first dipping time is 10 s. In the invention, the speed of the first lifting is independently preferably 3-6 cm/min, more preferably 4-5 cm/min, and most preferably 4 cm/min. According to the invention, by controlling the first pulling speed to be in the range, the yttrium sol can be ensured to form a uniform film layer on the surface of the thermal barrier coating. The invention preferably adopts an impregnation pulling machine for pulling, and the impregnation pulling machine is provided with a matched oven. The invention has no special requirement on the first drying condition, and can achieve the drying effect. In the invention, the drying between two adjacent lifting and pulling processes is preferably carried out in an oven matched with a dipping and pulling machine, and the drying temperature is preferably 60-80 ℃ independently; the drying after the last pulling is preferably carried out in a separate oven, and the drying temperature is preferably 100-150 ℃. The invention raises the drying temperature after the last pulling and pulling so as to ensure that the sol layer is dried quickly and thoroughly.
To obtain an attachment Y2O3After coating the workpiece, the invention attaches Y2O3And carrying out first sintering on the coated workpiece to obtain a sintered workpiece.
In the invention, the temperature of the first sintering is preferably 550-800 ℃, more preferably 600-700 ℃, and the heat preservation time is preferably 4-6 h, more preferably 5 h. In the present invention, the first sintering is preferably performed in an air atmosphere. The present invention preferably performs the first sintering in a box furnace. The invention forms stable Y on the surface of the thermal barrier coating by first sintering2O3The coating can promote the surface sintering of the original thermal barrier coating, so that the surface density of the coating is improved, and a density gradient is formed.
After the first sintering is completed, the present invention preferably further comprises cleaning the obtained workpiece to obtain a sintered workpiece. The present invention has no particular requirement for the cleaning process, and may employ cleaning processes well known in the art.
After obtaining the sintered workpiece, the sintered workpiece is placed in titanium sol for second dipping, then second pulling is carried out, the workpiece after second pulling is carried out is subjected to second drying, and Y is carried out2O3Formation of TiO on the surface of the coating2Coating to obtain adhesion Y2O3-TiO2And (3) coating the workpiece with a composite coating.
The titanium sol of the present invention is not particularly limited in its source, and may be commercially available or prepared by methods well known in the art. The titanium sol has no special requirement on the solid content, and the solid content well known in the field can be adopted. In the examples of the present invention, the titanium sol was specifically purchased from Xuancheng crystal material Co. The invention has no special requirement on the dosage of the titanium sol, and can completely immerse the sintered workpiece.
After the second drying, the process of the second dipping, the second lifting and the second drying is preferably repeated for 15 to 30 times. In the present invention, the conditions of the second impregnation, the second lifting, and the second drying are the same as those of the first impregnation, the first lifting, and the first drying, and thus, the description thereof will be omitted.
To obtain an attachment Y2O3-TiO2After the workpiece is compositely coated, the invention attaches Y2O3-TiO2And carrying out second sintering on the composite coating workpiece.
In the invention, the temperature of the second sintering is preferably 750-900 ℃, and more preferably 800-850 ℃; the heat preservation time is preferably 4-6 h, and more preferably 4.5-5.5 h. The second sintering is preferably performed in an air atmosphere in the present invention. The present invention facilitates the formation of stable rutile titanium oxide by secondary sintering.
The invention provides a CMAS-resistant workpiece, which is obtained by processing the workpiece coated with a thermal barrier coating by the method in the scheme; the CMAS-resistant workpiece comprises a workpiece body, a thermal barrier coating coated on the surface of the workpiece, and Y sequentially attached to the surface of the thermal barrier coating2O3Coating and TiO2And (4) coating.
In the present invention, the thermal barrier coating is preferably a YSZ coating. The thickness of each coating layer is not particularly limited in the present invention. The invention has no special requirements on the workpiece body and can be selected according to actual requirements.
In the present invention, Y2O3The thermal barrier coating can be used as the bottom layer of the composite coating, and has two functions, namely, the surface sintering of the thermal barrier coating can be effectively promoted, the thermal barrier coating is more compact, the permeation channel of CMAS is reduced, and when the thermal barrier coating is a YSZ coating, the columnar crystal structure of the lower half part of the YSZ coating can be kept, so that the strain tolerance of the thermal barrier coating can not be reduced; second Y2O3With SiO in CMAS2The reaction has more negative Gibbs free energy, the reaction is easier to occur, and silicon is effectively locked so that eutectic compounds with low melting points are not formed. TiO 22The composite coating can react with Ca element with higher content in CMAS to generate calcium titanate as a top layer of the composite coating, further reduces the generation of eutectic with low melting point, improves the melting point of CMAS and prevents the CMAS from melting and permeating at service temperature.
The method for improving CMAS resistance of a thermal barrier coating and the CMAS resistant workpiece provided by the invention are described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the method and the CMAS resistant workpiece are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
(1) And sequentially using acetone, alcohol and deionized water to clean and dry the prepared YSZ coating sample wafer.
(2) In an immersion drawing machine at the temperature of 80 ℃, a clean coating sample is placed in yttrium sol for immersion for 10s, a substrate is vertically drawn at the drawing speed of 4cm/min, then the substrate is dried for 10min, and the process of immersion-drawing-drying is repeated for 20 times; the sample after 20 times of pulling is dried in an oven at 120 ℃. Sintering the dried sample in a box furnace at 650 ℃ for 5h to form stable Y on the surface of the sample2O3Coating and cleaning.
(3) Attaching the cleaned adhesive Y2O3Dipping and pulling a coating sample in titanium sol, and the preparation method is the same as Y2O3Coating, pulling for 20 times, and sintering at 750 deg.C for 5 hr to form Y2O3-TiO2Composite coating, denoted YSZ + Y2O3+TiO2(up)。
Wherein, the prepared YSZ coating sample is provided by agricultural machinery institute and prepared by EB-PVD; the nanometer yttrium sol and the titanium sol are purchased from Xuancheng crystal Rui New Material Co.
The scanning electron microscope observation of the product obtained in example 1 shows the results in FIG. 1. As can be seen from FIG. 1, after pulling, no complete film is formed on the surface of the YSZ thermal barrier coating, but the top of the columnar crystal of the YSZ thermal barrier coating prepared by EB-PVD is filled, wherein the dark part is TiO prepared by dip-pulling2And (4) coating.
Comparative example 1
Prepare YSZ coating sample wafer, record YSZ.
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 1 is that step (3) is not performed, that is, only Y is attached2O3Coating, denoted YSZ + Y2O3
Comparative example 3
Differs from example 1 only in thatStep (2) of attaching TiO only2Coating, denoted YSZ + TiO2
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is only that the order of steps (2) and (3) is reversed, i.e. TiO is attached first2Coating, reattaching Y2O3Coating, denoted YSZ + TiO2+Y2O3(up)。
Performance testing
CMAS corrosion experiments were performed on the surfaces of the coated samples of example 1 and comparative examples 1-4: CMAS coating weight 10mg/cm2The experimental temperature is 1250 ℃, the surface state of each coating sample is shown in figure 2 after the heat preservation is carried out for 5 hours, and the corresponding residual data are specifically shown in table 1. As can be seen from FIG. 2 and Table 1, after CMAS corrosion of the coating in the YSZ preparation state, the coating is basically peeled off, and the residue is less than 10%; coating Y on the surface of YSZ coating2O3Or TiO2The single-layer coating has poor CMAS resistance; YSZ surface coating Y2O3And TiO2After the composite layer is compounded, after the CMAS acts for 5 hours, the coating residue reaches more than 50 percent, wherein YSZ-Y is used2O3-TiO2The results are best and the coating is more complete after the experiment.
TABLE 1 area percent of residual coating after 5h CMAS action for various coating samples
Figure BDA0003174805130000071
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method of improving CMAS resistance of a thermal barrier coating, comprising the steps of:
putting the workpiece coated with the thermal barrier coating into yttrium sol for first dipping, then carrying out first pulling, and carrying out first pulling on the workpiece after being pulledFirst drying to form Y on the surface of the thermal barrier coating2O3Coating to obtain adhesion Y2O3Coating the workpiece;
attaching the said attachment Y2O3Performing first sintering on the coated workpiece to obtain a sintered workpiece;
placing the sintered workpiece into titanium sol for second dipping, then carrying out second pulling, carrying out second drying on the workpiece after the second pulling, and carrying out second drying on the workpiece after the second pulling2O3Formation of TiO on the surface of the coating2Coating to obtain adhesion Y2O3-TiO2A composite coated workpiece;
attaching the said attachment Y2O3-TiO2Performing second sintering on the composite coating workpiece;
after the first drying, repeating the processes of the first dipping, the first lifting and the first drying for 15-30 times;
and after the second drying, repeating the processes of the second dipping, the second lifting and the second drying for 15-30 times.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermal barrier coating is a YSZ coating.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the time of the first impregnation is independently 10 to 15 s; the first lifting speed is independently 3-6 cm/min.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the time of the second impregnation is independently 10 to 15 s; the second lifting speed is independently 3-6 cm/min.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the first sintering is 550-800 ℃ and the holding time is 4-6 h.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the second sintering is 750-900 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the holding time of the second sintering is 4-6 h.
8. A CMAS-resistant workpiece coated with a thermal barrier coating obtained by treatment according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 7; the CMAS-resistant workpiece comprises a workpiece body, a thermal barrier coating coated on the surface of the workpiece, and Y sequentially attached to the surface of the thermal barrier coating2O3Coating and TiO2And (4) coating.
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CN102503419A (en) * 2011-11-02 2012-06-20 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 YSZ (Yttria Stabilized Zirconia)-based composite thermal barrier coating material and preparation method thereof
CN103058654A (en) * 2012-12-26 2013-04-24 上海大学 Gradient nano-coating used for thermal barrier coating anti-corrosion function and preparation method thereof
CN104988454A (en) * 2015-07-09 2015-10-21 北京航空航天大学 Melted CMAS-corrosion resistant rare-earth aluminate thermal barrier coating and preparation method thereof
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