CN1134553A - Electric equipment fault diagnosis apparatus and its diagnosis method - Google Patents

Abstract

The said diagnosis apparatus is a computer processing system with designed input interface circuit, output interface circuit and service card. The diagnosis method is that fault diagnosis processes for various electric equipments are edited as diagnosis data and stored. After the fault is determined, the data is read out from corresponding data section and the apparatus samples electric parameters in test points, analyses and judges damaged device. The present invention can diagnose various faults in electric equipment fastly and reliably.

Description

Electric equipment fault diagnosis apparatus and diagnostic method thereof

The invention belongs to electric equipment fault diagnosis device and diagnostic method thereof.In the electrical equipment use,, its result of use variation maybe can not be used, and have to it is keeped in repair because of its damage of internal device causes fault.The difficult point of maintenance is to find out fast, like clockwork the components and parts that damaged in its complicated circuit structure, so that change.Electrical maintenance technical field in home and abroad does not also have a kind of instrument that is exclusively used in electric equipment fault diagnosis at present.The key instrument of electrical maintenance industry remains universal electric meter, oscillograph and so on device.These devices can record the electrical quantity of test point, but do not know but which test point this measures, and what meaning is the parameter of measuring have again.The maintenance personal is in order to judge the device that has damaged, will analyze whole appliance circuit, divide the zoning section, problem is focused on several test points with crucial meaning, or debug, or survey the parameter of its electric current, voltage, resistance and so on testing tools such as multimeters, again with normal condition relatively, judge whether the components and parts or the next test point that needs of damage with this.So constantly analysis circuit, find out test point, measurement parameter, relatively judge, until the components and parts that finally find damage.This is a very loaded down with trivial details process, and each step all needs to think hard greatly, expends the plenty of time, and it is disconnected erroneous judgement very easily to occur.Sometimes not only can not repair electrical equipment, but also can enlarge fault widely.Various novel electrical equipment emerge in an endless stream now, and all constantly employ new technology, and make the complexity of electrical equipment more and more higher, and maintenance difficulty is increasing.

The objective of the invention is to provides a kind of electric equipment fault diagnosis apparatus and diagnostic method thereof at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, make it provide test point fast, accurately, reliably to apparatus failure with crucial meaning, automatically typing test point parameter and it is carried out analysis and judgement is found out the components and parts of damage.

In order to realize the purpose of foregoing invention, its technical scheme is: electric equipment fault diagnosis apparatus is that design has input interface circuit, output interface circuit and maintenance card on the basis of computer processing system.Input interface circuit comprises the key circuit that connects that links to each other with the computer processing system input end, the digital versatile watch circuit that links to each other with computer processing system data bus, control bus.Key circuit comprises one group of pushbutton switch, and the corresponding input end with computer processing system of pushbutton switch one end links to each other, and resistance in series ground connection, and its other end string one resistance connects power supply; Digital multimeter comprises range selector, the A/D circuit, parallel interface, the output terminal of range selector is connected with the input end of A/D circuit, the output terminal of A/D circuit is received the input end of parallel interface, and the output terminal of parallel interface links to each other with data bus.Output interface circuit is a modulation transmitter, this circuit respectively with data bus, address bus links to each other with control bus, terminal is penetrated in the output terminal sending and receiving.The maintenance card was formed by corresponding linking to each other of rom chip and plug, the corresponding slot that inserts of plug.Slot is linked into computer processing system by data bus, address bus and control bus.In order to realize the fault diagnosis of above-mentioned diagnostic equipment, its diagnostic method is: the various faults of Awaiting Overhaul electrical equipment all are written as diagnostic data, and on every group of data, add the sign deposit, after having determined the fault that to diagnose, enter this kind fault diagnosis data segment, reading of data is according to the type of sign operation of data.After reading first group of data of notebook data section, judged whether survey mark by program, if survey mark is arranged, provide the test point position and measure gear, automatically the test point electrical quantity is sampled computer processing system, and this parameter and this range of normal value relatively, its test parameter exceeds or meets or is lower than this range of normal value, with the data segment that the computer program redirect is respectively made a fresh start, reading of data operation again.If the above-mentioned data that read have debug flag, provide debugging position and method, with new data segment of redirect, reading of data is moved again after the debugging; If any the question and answer sign, provide the content that will put question to, again according to answering redirect new data segment, peek operation again; If sign as a result provides diagnostic result, end of run.

The present invention can diagnose out the components and parts of the damage of various apparatus failures fast, accurately, reliably, and the versatility height, and is time saving and energy saving.

Fig. 1 is a schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention

Fig. 2 is an embodiment host circuit schematic diagram

Fig. 3 is the range selector circuit theory diagrams of Fig. 2 embodiment

Fig. 4 is a kind of cut-away drawing that overhauls card of Fig. 2 embodiment

Fig. 5 is a running software process flow diagram of the present invention

Fig. 6 is a paean board 4C5405 type flat square colour television set: no-raster has the companion

Sound Fault Diagnosis process flow diagram

Fig. 7 is the diagnostic data that flow process shown in Figure 6 is weaved into

Fig. 8 is a leap board 35D-2 type black and white television set: image becomes to the lower-left successively from upper right

Black Fault Diagnosis process flow diagram

Fig. 9 is the diagnostic data that flow process shown in Figure 8 is weaved into

Figure 10 is a LQ1600K Chinese and English printer: the word that prints is two row parts up and down

Overlapping Fault Diagnosis process flow diagram

Figure 11 is the diagnostic data that flow process shown in Figure 10 is written as

Below with reference to accompanying drawing the present invention is done and to be described in detail:

Fig. 1 is to use single-chip microcomputer to realize the schematic block circuit diagram of the object of the invention.For this diagnostic equipment can both be diagnosed the fault of various electrical equipment, this diagnostic equipment is designed to main frame and card two parts.Maintenance card [4] is made up of rom chip, is used to deposit diagnostic routine and diagnostic data, and it but is connected into main frame by the slot of plug and main frame not directly on main frame.Main frame is by input interface circuit [1], scm managing system [2], and output interface circuit [3] is common to be formed.Input interface [1] is made up of digital multimeter and button, and digital multimeter is made up of A/D circuit and range switch again; Scm managing system [2] is made up of CPU and accessory circuit thereof; Output interface circuit [3] is a modulation transmitter.The present invention can sample computer processing system to parameters such as the electric current of test point, voltage, resistance automatically, realizes by digimer.The test point electrical quantity that partly samples by range selector, through the A/D circuit conversion is digital signal, be input to scm managing system, program in the scm managing system operating maintenance card, the sampling number certificate is handled, carve the gating modulation transmitter in due course, information is converted to radiofrequency signal output.Be to link to each other between scm managing system [2], output interface circuit [3], the maintenance card [4] by data bus, address bus, control bus, during program in scm managing system [2] the operating maintenance card [4], key in a series of instructions by the button in the input interface circuit [1], the operation of real-time control routine.

Among Fig. 2, on the basis of 8031 Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, designed KEY1, KEY2, the key circuit that KEY3 forms, TV-G video formation/rf modulation circuit, slot P, digital multimeter/input interface circuit that range selector and MC14433,74LS245 form.Its concrete annexation is as follows: the termination power VCC of resistance R 1, its other end and KEY1, KEY2, the upper end of KEY3 pushbutton switch also connects, KEY1, KEY2, the lower end of KEY3 except that resistance R 2-R4 ground connection of each series connection, also respectively with corresponding linking to each other of P17, P16, P15 of 8031.TV-G is that the single-chip microcomputer that Qidong computing machine factory produces is joined the video formation/rf modulation circuit that CRT shows usefulness.Its address bus A0-A12, the total D0-D7 of data link to each other with A0-A12, the D0-D7 correspondence of scm managing system respectively.8031 RD, WR end links to each other with OE, the WE end of TV-G respectively, and 8031 P13 pin and the CS of TV-G end link to each other.The radiofrequency signal that TV-G forms is launched through emission terminal S.P is the accurate slots of 34 footnotes, its 1-8 pin 8 bit data output terminals respectively with the data bus of scm managing system connect 1-D0,2-D1 ... 8-D7 is corresponding to link to each other, its 9-24 pin respectively with the A0-A15 address bus of scm managing system connect 9-A0,10-A1 ... 24-A15 is corresponding to link to each other, its 26 pin links to each other with 8031 PSEN pin, its 30 pin meets power supply VCC, its 34 pin ground ground connection.The output terminal of range selector links to each other with the VIN of MC14433 end, the DU of MC14433, EOC terminate at the input end of linking an anti-door in the 74LS04 together, the output of this anti-door terminated to 8031 INT1 pin, 8031 RD end is linked an input end of interior one two input end of 74LS32 or door, and another input end is received 8031 P14 end.The DIR of 74LS245 end directly meets power supply VCC, and the A0-A3 end DS1-DS4 that the Q0-Q3 of MC14433 is corresponding respectively to have received 74LS245 correspondence respectively receives A4-A7, and the B0-B7 correspondence of 74LS245 is received the D0-D7 end of data bus.

Fig. 3 is the range selector circuit theory diagrams, and AC-DC circuit wherein is the ac-dc conversion circuit in the DT830 type digital multimeter.K-1-K-4 is one 4 cutter 17 throw switches among the figure.K-1 left end connection situation is: respectively meet a resistance R 1-R3 between four cutter spacing of DC2V-DC1000V, the DC1000V cutter spacing is also by resistance R 4 ground connection; The connection of four cutter spacing of AC750V-AC2V is corresponding to the DC2V-DC1000 parallel connection; Respectively meet a resistance R 5-R7 between four cutter spacing of DC20mA-DC 10A, the DC10A cutter spacing is also by resistance R 8 ground connection; Respectively meet a resistance R 9-R12 between R2M Ω-five cutter spacing of R200 Ω, R200 Ω cutter spacing also connects+the 2V power supply by resistance R 13.The right-hand member connection situation of K-1 is: the DC2V-DC1000V cutter spacing is received K-2 left end relevant position; The AC750V-AC2V cutter spacing is received the left end relevant position of K-2 by the AC-DC circuit: the DC20mA-DC10A cutter spacing has been received the left end of K-3; R2M Ω-R200 Ω cutter spacing is received the positive input terminal of operational amplifier A 1, has also received the corresponding cutter spacing of left end of K-3 and the output terminal of operational amplifier A 1 by the 2V voltage stabilizing diode of differential concatenation on two; Also received the corresponding cutter spacing of left end of K-4.K-2 left end DC20mA-DC10A cutter spacing has been received the left end DC20mA cutter spacing of K-1; The left end R2M Ω of K-2-R200 Ω cutter spacing connects the output terminal of amplifier A2; The right-hand member of K-2 has been received the VIN end of MC14433 among Fig. 2.The left end DC2V-AC2V cutter spacing of K-3 has been received K-1 left end DC2V cutter spacing; The left end of K-3 connects red test pencil.K-4 left end DC2V-DC10A cutter spacing ground connection; The K-4 left end connects black meter pen.R1-R4 is the divider resistance of voltage gear, form alternating current-direct current 2V, 20V, 200V, direct current 100V with exchange the 750V voltage gear, R5-R8 is the current-voltage transfer resistance of current gear, in order to form 20mA, 200mA, 2A, 10A DC current shelves, R9-R13 is the proportion resistor of resistance grade, form 2M Ω, 200K Ω, 20K Ω, 2K Ω, 200 Ω resistance grades, A1, A2 is two operational amplifiers in the integrated double operational of TL062, the positive input terminal ground connection of A1, the positive input terminal of A2 has connect a resistance R 15 by resistance R 16 ground connection between output terminal and the negative output terminal, link to each other by a resistance R 14 between the output terminal of A1 and the negative input end of A2.

Among Fig. 4, its circuit is only linked to each other with plug P by an EPROM chip 27256.Corresponding respectively 27256 the D0-D7 pin of receiving of the 1-8 pin of P, 9-23 pin correspondence is received 27256 A0-A14 pin, and 26 pin connect 27256 OE end, and 30 pin meet power supply VCC, 34 pin ground connection, 27256 CE, VPP also meet power supply VCC together.

Fig. 5 is a fault diagnostic routine operational flow diagram.No matter be any electrical equipment, no matter be any fault, the flow process of diagnosis is all basic identical: at first find to have the test point of closing crucial meaning, record electrical quantitys such as its electric current, voltage, resistance then, again these electrical quantitys are compared with normal value, judge whether component wear is arranged, if do not have at this place, then look for test point again, peek is relatively judged again.Sometimes also to do debugging test,, element be taken off measurement etc. as the fine setting adjustable element to the element in the appliance circuit.Perhaps the Direct observation components and parts have or not obvious scaling loss etc.Debugging or the result who observes also will be as the foundations that judges whether component wear or searching test point.Corresponding with above flow process, software of the present invention is to adopt a total executive routine, and different faults has different pieces of information.Specifically: because various Fault Diagnosis flow processs are all similar, different is the position of test point, debugging test method, element, data such as the result of diagnosis; So only need an executive routine, when diagnosing a certain fault, the data such as position of test point called in operation gets final product in the program.In order to distinguish data of different types, many signs have been added in the data, (represent with " measurement " as the test point position, used range is represented with " gear ", range of normal value " normally " expression, debugging position and method are represented with " debugging ", diagnostic result " result " expression etc.) show that data are positions of test point, the debugging test method position, diagnostic result etc.

The concrete implementation of program is as shown in Figure 5: at first will determine the fault that will diagnose.A kind of possible breakdown of electrical equipment is a lot, and has all weaved into diagnostic data, and fault diagnosis should determine to enter any fault diagnosis data segment.Enter after the data segment, read first group of data of notebook data section, these group data have sign, and program will at first judge whether survey mark, if having, the purpose of then indicating this group data is from test point survey time parameter.Program run will provide the test point position, provide the measurement gear, input interface circuit with this diagnostic equipment arrives scm managing system with parameter sampling automatically, program will be compared this parameter with this test point range of normal value, this parameter is to surpass, meet or be lower than normal range, data segments that the program redirect will respectively be made a fresh start all, reading of data operation again.If the data that read do not have survey mark, but debug flag is arranged, program run will provide the position and the method for debugging, sometimes need to return debug results, as fault after the debugging no change etc. is arranged, return, then return the result of debugging as need, with new data segment of redirect, reading of data is moved again after the debugging.If also there is not debug flag, but the question and answer sign is arranged, the question and answer sign mainly is can not require the input computing machine to some as the phenomenon of parameter input.Program run at first provides the content that will put question to, again according to answering Y (Yes) or the new data segment of N (N0) redirect, peek operation again.If neither the question and answer sign, then must be sign as a result, show that program run diagnosed out the components and parts of damage, program will provide diagnostic result, end of run.

All possible breakdowns that belongs to paean board 4C5405 type flat square colour television set all are written as diagnostic data, leave in the rom chip, make the maintenance card.The diagnostic data performer process shown in Figure 7 that fault diagnosis flow scheme shown in Figure 6 is weaved into is as follows: by phenomenon of the failure " no-raster, sound accompaniment is arranged ", program run will be searched " phenomenon: no-raster, sound accompaniment is arranged " characteristic indication in maintenance card, after searching, promptly enter this segment data section.First group of data read in program run, and it is masked as " measurement ".8031 single-chip microcomputers send address, gating signal to TV-G, send the information of " V806, the C utmost point are over the ground " then to TV-G, and TV-G suffers from the formation vision signal to these prompting letters, is modulated into radiofrequency signal, launches by the S end; Program run continues reading of data, and the information of " DC, 2V " is launched by said process.At this moment, the maintenance personal should transfer to the DC2V shelves to range selector, black meter pen is connect on the ground potential line of televisor wiring board, red test pencil is placed on the C utmost point position of V806, voltage signal herein just enters into the VIN end of MC14433 through range selector, MC14433 becomes digital signal to these conversion of signals, the signal that sends EOC after once conversion finishes interrupts to the request of the TNT1 of CPU end by the 74LS04 output terminal, have no progeny in 8031 responses, P14 is put 0, send the RD useful signal, gating 74LS245 is input to 8031 to the data of the output of MC14433 in batches.So MC14433 constantly changes, and 8031 constantly receive, and when KEY1 was pressed, P17 became high level, and then 8031 stop to receive, rigidly connecting the data the received test value as this point; Program run will continue reading of data, and test value is compared with this normal range, and judging test value is to surpass "＞", be lower than "＜" or will meet "=" and cross normal range.Program run continues to fetch data, and it is masked as " changes "; show that program run will surpass, meet, is lower than normal range by test value and jump different repositions; " 3,2,1 " shows; when test value exceeds normal range, program will be from following the 3rd row reading of data, when test value meets normal range; program will be from following the 2nd row reading of data; when test value is lower than normal range, and program will read number from following the 1st row, continue to carry out.Above process is finished from getting the test point parameter to the process of judging.If meet normal range, just from following the 2nd row reading of data, it is masked as " result ", shows the components and parts of judging this damage, 8031 will send address signal, putting P13 is 0, sends effective WR signal, " R809; F804; T802 has damage ", sends to TV-G formation vision signal one after another and is modulated into radiofrequency signal, launches by the S terminal.If be lower than normal range, then from following the 1st row reading of data, it is masked as " result ", shows the components and parts of judging damage equally, and 8031 will send to TV-G " the T802 damage ".If overrun, then from following the 3rd row reading of data, it is masked as " measurement " will get test point parameter and judgement once more.Carry out so again and again, until the components and parts of judging damage.

Figure 8 shows that leap board 35D-2 type black and white television set " image is from the upper right blackening successively to the lower-left " Fault Diagnosis flow process, the characteristics of this fault are the components and parts that a step can judge damage.The diagnostic data of weaving into as shown in Figure 9.After program enters the notebook data section, read first group of data, " result " sign is arranged, show the components and parts of judging damage, 8031 are put P13 is low level, and gating TV-G through being modulated into radiofrequency signal, launches by S.

The data run situation shown in Figure 11 that flow process shown in Figure 10 is weaved into is similar with above two examples, wherein uses a kind of " enquirement " sign again, shows that instrument needs to obtain to answer from the outside.In this example, first group of data is " Q39, the C utmost point has pulse? ", at this moment need survey the C utmost point of the Q39 on the printer electronic board, see if there is pulse and occur, if having, then meet down KEY2, P16 becomes high level; If no, then meet down KEY3, P15 becomes high level.CPU judges Q39 by checking P16 and P15, and whether the C number has pulse, as having, then changes following the 5th group of data, if do not have, then changes following the 1st group of data, continues to carry out, until the components and parts of judging damage.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of electric equipment fault diagnosis apparatus, comprise computer processing system, input interface circuit, output interface circuit, it is characterized in that: input interface circuit comprises the key circuit that links to each other with the computer processing system input end, the digital versatile watch circuit that links to each other with computer processing system data bus, control bus.Key circuit comprises one group of pushbutton switch, and the corresponding input end with computer processing system of each pushbutton switch one end links to each other, and resistance in series ground connection, and its other end string one resistance connects power supply; Digital multimeter comprises range selector, the A/D circuit, and parallel interface, the output terminal of range selector is connected with the input end of A/D circuit.The output terminal of A/D circuit is received the input end of parallel interface, and the output terminal of parallel interface links to each other with data bus.Output interface circuit is a modulation transmitter, and this circuit links to each other with data bus, address bus and control bus respectively, and terminal is penetrated in the output terminal sending and receiving; The maintenance card was formed by corresponding linking to each other of rom chip and plug, the corresponding slot that inserts of plug; Slot is linked into computer processing system by data bus, address bus and control bus.

2, electric equipment fault diagnosis apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that connecing the termination power that key circuit comprises resistance, the other end all links to each other with an end of three pushbutton switches, the other end of three pushbutton switches except with 8031 P17, P16, P15 is corresponding link to each other, also respectively go here and there a resistance eutral grounding.

3, electric equipment fault diagnosis apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that range selector comprises 4 cuttves, 17 throw switches of K-1～K-4, with the voltage gear R1～R4 divider resistance that links to each other with it, current gear R5～R8 current-voltage transfer resistance, resistance grade R9-R13 proportion resistor; A1 operational amplifier positive input terminal ground connection, negative input end meets K-1, output termination K-3, its negative input end and output terminal connect the 2V stabilivolt of two differential concatenations; The positive input terminal of operational amplifier A 2 connects a resistance R 15 by resistance R 16 ground connection between its output terminal and the negative input end, output terminal has also been received K-2; Connect a resistance R 14 between the output terminal of operational amplifier A 1 and the negative input end of A2.

4, electric equipment fault diagnosis apparatus according to claim 1, the rom chip that it is characterized in that overhauling in the card is an EPROM chip 27256, corresponding respectively 27256 the D0～D7 pin of receiving of 1～8 pin of plug, its 9～23 pin correspondence is received A0～A14 pin of 27256, its the 26th pin connects 27256 OE end, and its 30th pin meets power supply VCC, its 34th pin ground connection, 27256 OE, the VPP end also meets power supply VCC together.

5, a kind of diagnostic method of implementing the described electric equipment fault diagnosis apparatus of claim 1 is characterized in that:

1. the various fault diagnosis flow schemes of Awaiting Overhaul electrical equipment are all weaved into diagnostic data, and every group of data add the sign deposit.

2. determine the tracing trouble of wanting, enter this kind fault diagnosis data segment, reading of data is according to the type of sign operation of data.

3. after reading first group of data of notebook data section, judged whether survey mark by program, if survey mark is arranged, provide the test point position and measure gear, automatically the test point electrical quantity is sampled computer processing system, and this parameter and the comparison of this range of normal value, its test parameter exceeds or meets or is lower than this range of normal value, with the data segment that the program redirect is respectively made a fresh start, and reading of data operation again, if the above-mentioned data that read have debug flag, provide debugging position and method, with new data segment of redirect, reading of data is moved again after the debugging, if any the question and answer sign, provide the content that will put question to, again according to answering redirect new data segment, peek operation again, if sign as a result will provide diagnostic result.

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