CN113450531A - Forest fire prevention detection system - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
- A62C3/0228—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
- A62C3/0271—Detection of area conflagration fires
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/04—Control of fire-fighting equipment with electrically-controlled release
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/005—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion for forest fires, e.g. detecting fires spread over a large or outdoors area
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Abstract
The application discloses a forest fire prevention detection system which comprises an airborne subsystem and an information processing subsystem, wherein the airborne subsystem comprises a plurality of aircraft, any aircraft is used for reporting fire information to the information processing subsystem in real time when fire is monitored in a forest patrol range, and water is taken out and put out a fire according to a fire extinguishing instruction sent by the information processing subsystem; and the information processing subsystem is used for deploying or adjusting a fire extinguishing scheme according to the received fire information and sending a fire extinguishing instruction to each aircraft. By the aid of the technical scheme, forest fire is detected and extinguished in real time, execution efficiency is improved, and fire prevention requirements of large-scale forest protection can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of monitoring, in particular to a forest fire prevention detection system.
Background
In recent years, in order to increase ecological civilization construction, forest areas are continuously increased, and the attention on forest fire prevention is increasing. In forest fire prevention work, the early discovery, early forecast, early rescue, change of disaster into disaster-free disaster and change of disaster into small disaster become urgent and urgent major problems to be solved.
However, because the forest area has the problems of small signal coverage rate, difficulty in arriving people and vehicles, great influence of terrain and the like, at present, an observer mainly uses a telescope or a handheld camera and the like to perform a patrol task of aviation forest protection, and fire extinguishing operation cannot be timely performed when the observer finds a fire. The method has larger delay for forest fire prevention, has lower execution efficiency, and is difficult to meet the fire prevention requirement of large-scale forest protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a forest fire prevention detecting system to carry out the condition of a fire in real time and listen and put out with the condition of a fire, improve the execution efficiency, satisfy the fire prevention demand of extensive forest protection.
In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides the following technical scheme:
a forest fire detection system comprises an airborne subsystem and an information processing subsystem, wherein the airborne subsystem comprises a plurality of aircrafts,
any one aircraft is used for reporting fire information to the information processing subsystem in real time when fire is monitored in a forest patrol range, and taking water and extinguishing fire according to a fire extinguishing instruction sent by the information processing subsystem;
and the information processing subsystem is used for deploying or adjusting a fire extinguishing scheme according to the received fire information and sending the fire extinguishing instruction to each aircraft.
In one embodiment of the application, any one of the aircraft is equipped with a photovoltaic pod, with which it is determined whether a fire is present in the forest patrol by:
monitoring and obtaining the temperature and the infrared wavelength in the forest patrol range;
and determining whether a fire exists in the forest patrol range according to the monitored temperature and/or the monitored infrared wavelength.
In one embodiment of the present application, the determining whether a fire is present in the forest patrol area according to the monitored temperature and/or the infrared wavelength includes:
and if the monitored local temperature rise exceeds a set temperature threshold value and/or the infrared wavelength is greater than a set wavelength threshold value, determining that the fire exists in the forest patrol range.
In one embodiment of the present application,
and any one of the aircrafts is also used for patrolling in a set range of a forest according to the received patrol command sent by the information processing subsystem and sending patrol data in the patrol process to the information processing subsystem.
In one embodiment of the present application, the onboard subsystem and the information processing subsystem are in information communication with each other through a satellite communication network.
In an embodiment of the present application, the system further includes a ground access subsystem for relaying information between the onboard subsystem and the information processing subsystem.
In one embodiment of the present application, the ground access subsystem includes at least one of a satellite ground station, a broadcast auto correlation monitoring system ground station, a very high frequency ground station, and a mobile communication network base station.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, the system further includes a terminal application subsystem, configured to obtain forest related information through the information processing subsystem.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, the terminal application subsystem is configured to perform at least one of operations of situation display, fire detection, command control, fire extinguishing planning, data recording, and operation monitoring based on the forest related information.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, the terminal application subsystem is configured to perform at least one of fire query and fire prevention knowledge output based on the forest related information.
By applying the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, when any aircraft in the airborne subsystem monitors fire in a forest patrol range, the fire information is reported to the information processing subsystem in real time, the information processing subsystem deploys or adjusts a fire extinguishing scheme according to the received fire information and sends a fire extinguishing instruction to each aircraft, and the aircraft takes water and extinguishes fire according to the received fire extinguishing instruction. The forest fire situation real-time detection and extinguishing are realized, the execution efficiency is improved, and the fire prevention requirement of large-scale forest protection can be met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a forest fire detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a general flow of forest fire detection according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a forest fire detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, where the forest fire detection system includes an onboard subsystem and an information processing subsystem, and the onboard subsystem may include a plurality of aircraft.
Any aircraft is used for reporting fire information to the information processing subsystem in real time when the fire is monitored in a forest patrol range, and taking water and extinguishing fire according to a fire extinguishing instruction sent by the information processing subsystem;
and the information processing subsystem is used for deploying or adjusting a fire extinguishing scheme according to the received fire information and sending a fire extinguishing instruction to each aircraft.
In this embodiment of the application, the forest fire prevention detection system may include an airborne subsystem and an information processing subsystem, and the airborne subsystem may include a plurality of aircrafts, such as an unmanned aerial vehicle. Different aircraft can patrol in corresponding forest patrol ranges, or a plurality of aircraft patrol the whole forest at the same time.
For any aircraft in the airborne subsystem, when the aircraft monitors fire in a forest patrol range, the fire information can be reported to the information processing subsystem in real time. The fire information may include location of the fire, images of the fire, video of the fire, specific temperature, fire contour, area of the fire, rate of spread, etc.
After the information processing subsystem receives the fire information sent by any aircraft, the fire extinguishing scheme can be deployed according to the received fire information, and if the fire information sent by the aircraft is continuously received subsequently, the fire extinguishing scheme can be adjusted according to the received fire information.
Specifically, a forest and a surrounding map can be obtained in advance, after the information processing subsystem receives fire information, according to the fire position, a water taking point closest to the fire can be determined through the map, the fire situation can be determined according to a fire image, the number of aircrafts required to participate in fire extinguishing or whether other exogenous force is required or not can be determined, and the fire extinguishing scheme can be deployed or adjusted based on the determined information. Or the information processing subsystem can output the fire information to a set manager after receiving the fire information, and the manager deploys or adjusts the fire extinguishing scheme.
The information processing subsystem can send fire extinguishing instructions to each aircraft after deploying or adjusting the fire extinguishing scheme according to the received fire information. The instruction can be issued by voice or the like. The fire extinguishing instruction can carry information such as the position of a water taking point. After the aircraft receives the fire extinguishing instruction sent by the information processing subsystem, water can be taken from a corresponding water taking point according to the fire extinguishing instruction, and water is sprayed at a fire position to extinguish fire.
The aircraft reports fire information, the water taking and fire extinguishing subsystem deploys or adjusts a fire extinguishing scheme, and the information processing subsystem sends a fire extinguishing instruction and the like continuously.
By applying the system provided by the embodiment of the application, when any aircraft in the airborne subsystem monitors fire in a forest patrol range, the fire information is reported to the information processing subsystem in real time, the information processing subsystem deploys or adjusts a fire extinguishing scheme according to the received fire information and sends a fire extinguishing instruction to each aircraft, and the aircraft takes water and extinguishes fire according to the received fire extinguishing instruction. The forest fire situation real-time detection and extinguishing are realized, the execution efficiency is improved, and the fire prevention requirement of large-scale forest protection can be met.
In one embodiment of the present application, any aircraft may be equipped with a photovoltaic pod, which may be used to determine whether a fire is present in a forest patrol area by:
monitoring to obtain the temperature and the infrared wavelength in the forest patrol range;
and determining whether a fire exists in the patrol range of the forest according to the monitored temperature and/or the monitored infrared wavelength.
In the embodiment of the application, an optoelectronic pod can be installed in any aircraft, and the optoelectronic pod can integrate infrared, visible light, laser and other ranging sensors. The photoelectric pod can be used for realizing various functions, such as a detection function for infrared/visible light imaging, a search function for manual/automatic scanning and the like, a high-definition video output function, a geographical tracking function, an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) accurate positioning function, an automatic tracking function and the like.
For any aircraft, the temperature and infrared wavelength in the forest patrol range can be monitored and obtained by using the photoelectric pod, and whether a fire condition exists in the forest patrol range can be determined according to the monitored temperature and/or infrared wavelength. Specifically, if the monitored local temperature rise exceeds a set temperature threshold and/or the infrared wavelength is greater than a set wavelength threshold, it is determined that a fire exists within the patrol range of the forest. The temperature threshold and the wavelength threshold can be set and adjusted according to actual conditions, such as setting the temperature threshold to be 150 ℃ and the wavelength threshold to be 3.7 microns. Potential fire hazards can be pre-warned through temperature and infrared wavelength, and whether fire conditions exist or not can be determined in time.
The photoelectric pod of each aircraft in the embodiment of the application can perform visible light imaging besides infrared imaging, so that misjudgment that the ground surface, the roof, rocks and the like are identified as fire conditions through infrared images can be reduced.
In an embodiment of the application, any one of the aircraft is further configured to patrol within a set range of a forest according to a received patrol instruction sent by the information processing subsystem, and send patrol data in a patrol process to the information processing subsystem.
In the embodiment of the application, the information processing subsystem can also issue patrol commands to each aircraft according to actual conditions, and the patrol commands can carry information such as patrol ranges. Any aircraft in the onboard subsystems can patrol within the set range of the forest according to the received patrol command sent by the information processing subsystem. And images, videos and the like can be collected in the patrol process to obtain patrol data, and then the patrol data in the patrol process is sent to the information processing subsystem. The method for acquiring the images, videos and the like by the aircraft can also be used for tracking the suspicious target to acquire the images, videos and the like when the suspicious target is found. The information processing subsystem may store patrol data. When other systems need to be queried, corresponding patrol data can be provided. Or determining possible anomalies in the forest according to the patrol data and carrying out further processing.
In the forest fire prevention detection system provided by the embodiment of the application, daily forest patrol, suspicious target search, suspicious target tracking and positioning, fire early warning, sudden fire monitoring, relevant information real-time return, lake water taking, forest fire extinguishing and other tasks can be completed through the synergistic effect of the airborne subsystem and the information processing subsystem.
In one embodiment of the present application, information may be transmitted between the onboard subsystem and the information processing subsystem via a satellite communications network.
The signal coverage rate in the forest region is small, personnel and vehicles are difficult to reach and are greatly influenced by the terrain, information transmission is carried out between the airborne subsystem and the information processing subsystem through the satellite communication network, the influence of the terrain and the space can be avoided, the aviation forest guard has high efficiency and maneuverability, and the information transmission is more reliable.
In one embodiment of the present application, the system may further include a ground access subsystem for relaying information between the onboard subsystem and the information processing subsystem.
In this embodiment, the forest fire prevention detection system may further include a ground access subsystem as a relay of information between the airborne subsystem and the information processing subsystem. Specifically, patrol instructions, fire extinguishing instructions and the like issued by the information processing subsystem can be transmitted to each aircraft in the airborne subsystem, and meanwhile, data such as images and videos collected by each aircraft in the airborne subsystem can be transmitted to the information processing subsystem in real time.
The ground access subsystem may include at least one of a satellite ground station, an Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) ground station, a Very High Frequency (VHF) ground station, and a mobile communication network base station. Correspondingly, if the ground access subsystem includes a satellite ground station, each aircraft may communicate with the satellite ground station through a satellite internet network, such as a Ka band communication satellite or a beidou satellite, using onboard satellite communication, and if the ground access subsystem includes a broadcast type automatic correlation monitoring system ground station, a very high frequency ground station or a mobile communication network base station, each aircraft may communicate with a corresponding ground station or base station through a peripheral ground network. The communication modes of each aircraft and the ground access subsystem can be the same or different, or multiple communication modes can be used for information transmission at the same time, so that the success rate of information transmission is improved.
The onboard satellite-based communication system can perform internet access, e-mail receiving and sending, Virtual Private Network (VPN) access, fax receiving and sending, telephone receiving and sending, provide high-quality voice and data services for users at high Network speed and the like.
In an embodiment of the present application, the system may further include a terminal application subsystem, configured to obtain forest related information through the information processing subsystem.
In the embodiment of the application, the information processing subsystem can acquire forest related information such as fire information and patrol data sent by each aircraft through interaction with each aircraft. The forest fire prevention detection system can further comprise a terminal application subsystem, and the terminal application subsystem can acquire forest related information through the information processing subsystem so as to be used for further information processing or other related operations.
Specifically, the terminal application subsystem can be used for performing at least one operation of situation display, fire detection, command control, fire extinguishing planning, data recording and operation monitoring based on forest related information.
For example, the fire situation can be analyzed based on the forest related information, so that corresponding situation display, such as dynamic display, can be performed, and corresponding managers can visually check the current fire situation. The risk of fire occurrence can be further analyzed and obtained based on forest related information, fire detection is carried out, fire extinguishing instructions are timely sent out, and command control is carried out on each aircraft through the information processing subsystem. And fire extinguishing planning can be carried out based on forest related information so as to call multi-party resources to extinguish fire. After the forest related information is obtained, data recording can be carried out, so that the fire can be analyzed subsequently, and an experience base can be expanded. And operation such as operation monitoring and the like can be performed on each aircraft through the information processing subsystem based on the forest related information.
The terminal application subsystem can also be used for at least one operation of fire condition query and fire prevention knowledge output based on forest related information. When a fire query request exists, corresponding fire information can be output based on forest related information, so that a manager can conveniently know the fire. And the fire prevention knowledge can be expanded based on the forest related information, and the fire prevention knowledge is output to play a role in propagandizing the fire prevention knowledge.
In the embodiment of the present application, the roles played by the terminal application subsystems facing different scenes may be different. If the forestry department faces, the terminal application subsystem can be used for carrying out operations such as situation display, fire detection, command control, fire-extinguishing planning, data record, operation monitoring, and the like, and in the face of navigation/unmanned aerial vehicle operation company, the terminal application subsystem can be used for carrying out operations such as situation display, flight control, mission planning, and the like, and in the face of public users, the terminal application subsystem can be used for carrying out operations such as fire inquiry, fire prevention knowledge output, and the like. The requirements of forestry departments, navigation/unmanned aerial vehicle operation companies and public users on automatic fire inspection, mission planning, fire suppression, real-time understanding of forest fire prevention conditions and the like are well met.
FIG. 2 shows the general process of forest fire detection.
In the general flow of forest fire prevention detection, an air-ground interconnection network, an airborne subsystem, a ground access subsystem, an information processing subsystem and a terminal application subsystem are involved. The onboard subsystems may include a plurality of aircraft, only one of which is shown in fig. 2. The aircraft may include a control processing unit, a photovoltaic pod, an onboard satellite, a fire suppression unit, etc., which may control the photovoltaic pod, the onboard satellite, the fire suppression unit, etc. The aircraft may communicate with corresponding ground stations or base stations included in the ground access subsystem via a peripheral ground network and with satellite ground stations included in the ground access subsystem via an air-to-ground interconnection network using airborne satellite communications. The ground access subsystem is used as intermediate equipment between the airborne subsystem and the information processing subsystem, and can transfer information. The information processing subsystem can receive or send corresponding information through the data access unit, and the information processing subsystem can store the received information into the message queue for fire detection, situation monitoring, command control, fire extinguishing, data recording, operation monitoring and the like. Meanwhile, the information processing subsystem may be connected to an aviation Fixed communication Network (AFTN), a civil aviation Network, a civil aviation air traffic management information Network, or other networks through an ethernet by using the edge gateway, and may be connected to a terminal application subsystem facing a forestry department, a navigation/unmanned aerial vehicle operation company, and a public user through an ethernet by using the edge gateway. The terminal application subsystem facing the forestry department can be used for performing operations such as situation display, fire detection, command control, fire extinguishing planning, data recording and operation monitoring, the terminal application subsystem facing the navigation/unmanned aerial vehicle operation company can be used for performing operations such as situation display, flight control and task planning, and the terminal application subsystem facing public users can be used for performing operations such as fire inquiry and fire prevention knowledge output.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The principle and the implementation of the present application are explained in the present application by using specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understanding the technical solution and the core idea of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A forest fire detection system is characterized by comprising an airborne subsystem and an information processing subsystem, wherein the airborne subsystem comprises a plurality of aircraft, wherein,
any one aircraft is used for reporting fire information to the information processing subsystem in real time when fire is monitored in a forest patrol range, and taking water and extinguishing fire according to a fire extinguishing instruction sent by the information processing subsystem;
and the information processing subsystem is used for deploying or adjusting a fire extinguishing scheme according to the received fire information and sending the fire extinguishing instruction to each aircraft.
2. A forest fire detection system as claimed in claim 1 wherein any one of the aircraft is fitted with an electro-optical pod, the electro-optical pod being used to determine whether a fire is present in the forest patrol range by:
monitoring and obtaining the temperature and the infrared wavelength in the forest patrol range;
and determining whether a fire exists in the forest patrol range according to the monitored temperature and/or the monitored infrared wavelength.
3. A forest fire detection system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said determining whether a fire is present in the forest patrol area in dependence on the monitored temperature and/or the infrared wavelength comprises:
and if the monitored local temperature rise exceeds a set temperature threshold value and/or the infrared wavelength is greater than a set wavelength threshold value, determining that the fire exists in the forest patrol range.
4. The forest fire detection system of claim 1, wherein,
and any one of the aircrafts is also used for patrolling in a set range of a forest according to the received patrol command sent by the information processing subsystem and sending patrol data in the patrol process to the information processing subsystem.
5. A forest fire detection system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the onboard subsystem and the information processing subsystem communicate information therebetween via a satellite communications network.
6. The forest fire detection system of claim 1, further comprising a ground access subsystem for relaying information between the onboard subsystem and the information processing subsystem.
7. A forest fire detection system as claimed in claim 6 wherein the ground access sub-system comprises at least one of a satellite ground station, a broadcast automatic correlation monitoring system ground station, a very high frequency ground station and a mobile communications network base station.
8. A forest fire detection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 further comprising an end-application subsystem for obtaining forest-related information via the information processing subsystem.
9. The forest fire detection system of claim 8, wherein the terminal application subsystem is configured to perform at least one of situation display, fire detection, command control, fire suppression planning, data recording, and operation monitoring based on the forest related information.
10. The forest fire detection system of claim 8, wherein the terminal application subsystem is configured to perform at least one of fire query and fire knowledge output based on the forest related information.
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| CN114093111A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-02-25 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Forest fire rescue air-ground integrated commanding and scheduling system and method |
| CN114093111B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-07-18 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Forest fire rescue air-ground integrated command scheduling system and method |
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