CN113450023A - Electric automobile ordered charging method under gridding time-of-use electricity price - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grid time-of-use electricity price ordered charging method for an electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps: dividing the power distribution network into a plurality of load blocks in detail based on the spatial layout, the load characteristics, the functional area division and the like of the target area to form a power distribution network area grid; performing historical load sorting on each grid based on the grid in the power distribution network area, and realizing accurate load prediction of each grid based on corresponding historical load data; reasonably formulating the time-of-use electricity price of the electric automobile under each grid based on the gridded load prediction result; and guiding the user to charge orderly by utilizing a demand response mechanism based on the formulated electric automobile grid time-of-use electricity price. The invention can lead the electric automobile to be charged orderly while realizing the formulation of the electricity price of the electric automobile, thereby realizing the functions of load peak clipping and valley filling of the power grid, reasonable source configuration optimization, daily load curve optimization of electric power and load peak-valley difference reduction, and providing guarantee for the safe operation of the power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a charging technology, in particular to a grid time-of-use electricity price ordered charging method for an electric vehicle.
Background
At present, electric automobile receives extensive support and popularization because it has advantages such as clean environmental protection, energy-efficient, and the electric automobile reserves constantly increases, and the electric automobile reserves that continuously increases also means the continuous increase of electric automobile charging load when lightening the environmental burden. Moreover, the disordered charging of a large number of electric automobiles can further improve the load peak value of the power grid, increase the load peak-valley difference, cause the reduction of the power quality and influence the safe and stable operation of the power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a grid time-of-use electricity price ordered charging method for an electric vehicle, which guides users of the electric vehicle to charge in order by using the electricity price, so that the electric vehicle participates in the processes of peak shaving, frequency modulation and the like of a power grid, provides the functions of peak shaving, valley filling and the like, and provides guarantee for safe and stable operation of the power grid.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a grid-based time-of-use electricity price ordered charging method for an electric vehicle comprises the following steps: dividing the power distribution network into a plurality of load blocks in detail based on the space layout, the load characteristics and the functional area division of the target area to form a power distribution network area grid; performing historical load sorting on each grid based on the grid in the power distribution network area, and realizing accurate load prediction of each grid based on corresponding historical load data; reasonably formulating the time-of-use electricity price of the electric automobile under each grid based on the gridded load prediction result; and guiding the user to charge orderly by utilizing a demand response mechanism based on the formulated electric automobile grid time-of-use electricity price.
Further, the area grid division is realized according to a functional area, a spatial layout, load characteristics, land block properties and the like, and the area grid is divided accurately in detail.
Furthermore, each regional grid selects a prediction model according to respective load characteristics and total load, and selects a load density index to realize accurate prediction of the gridding load by combining historical load data.
Still further, still include: the grid time-of-use electricity price pricing modeling of the electric automobile utilizes economic and technical means, considers the economy of both sides of a user and an electric power company, and gives consideration to the electric energy quality of a power grid.
Still further, still include: the electricity prices are adjusted based on the user demand, which can be reflected from the degree to which the user participates in the demand response.
Still further, still include: and guiding the electric automobile to adjust the charging time based on the peak-valley time-of-use electricity price, and realizing peak clipping and valley filling of the load.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention discloses a grid time-of-use electricity price ordered charging method for an electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the spatial layout, the load characteristics, the functional area division and the like of a target area, and dividing the power distribution network into a plurality of load blocks in detail to form a power distribution network area grid; acquiring historical load data of each grid in a power distribution network area, analyzing the historical load data of each grid, and selecting a corresponding load prediction model to realize accurate load prediction; acquiring related data of pricing of electricity prices in a target area, and reasonably formulating the time-of-use electricity price of the electric vehicle under each grid by combining a gridded load prediction result; and the user is guided to orderly charge by adjusting the time-of-use electricity price and utilizing a demand response mechanism.
The invention reasonably and flexibly adjusts the electricity price of each time interval in each grid by gridding the target area and finely predicting the grid load, guides the electric automobile user to charge as far as possible in the load valley period, avoids charging in the load peak period, and achieves the purposes of clipping peaks and filling valleys and reducing the load peak-valley difference.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an electric vehicle ordered charging method at a grid-structured time-of-use electricity price according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a first step of the method for orderly charging an electric vehicle at a grid-based time-of-use electricity price according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a second step of the method for orderly charging an electric vehicle at a grid-based time-of-use electricity price according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a third step of the method for orderly charging an electric vehicle at a grid-based time-of-use electricity price according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a fourth step of the method for orderly charging an electric vehicle at a grid-based time-of-use electricity price according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a method for orderly charging an electric vehicle at a grid-based time-of-use electricity price includes the following steps:
dividing the power distribution network into a plurality of load blocks in detail based on the space layout, the load characteristics and the functional area division of the target area to form a power distribution network area grid; performing historical load sorting on each grid based on the grid in the power distribution network area, and realizing accurate load prediction of each grid based on corresponding historical load data; reasonably formulating the time-of-use electricity price of the electric automobile under each grid based on the gridded load prediction result; and guiding the user to charge orderly by utilizing a demand response mechanism based on the formulated electric automobile grid time-of-use electricity price.
The region grid division is realized according to the functional region, the spatial layout, the load characteristics, the property of the land mass and the like.
And each regional grid selects a prediction model according to respective load characteristics and total load, and combines historical load data and selects a load density index to realize accurate prediction of the gridding load.
The electric automobile ordered charging method under the gridding time-of-use electricity price further comprises the following steps: the grid time-of-use electricity price pricing modeling of the electric automobile utilizes economic and technical means, considers the economy of both sides of a user and an electric power company, and gives consideration to the electric energy quality of a power grid.
The electric automobile ordered charging method under the gridding time-of-use electricity price further comprises the following steps: the electricity prices are adjusted based on the user demand, which can be reflected from the degree to which the user participates in the demand response.
The electric automobile ordered charging method under the gridding time-of-use electricity price further comprises the following steps: and guiding the electric automobile to adjust the charging time based on the peak-valley time-of-use electricity price, and realizing peak clipping and valley filling of the load.
The divided regional grids of the power distribution network can be used for realizing future power distribution network planning and realizing accurate load prediction and regional formulation of the electricity price of the electric automobile.
It can be understood that, in the embodiment, the user of the electric vehicle is allowed to operate in the valley of the electricity price, but more basically, the profitability of the power company is ensured all the time, and the cost and the demand responsiveness of the user are also ensured. Therefore, the economy of the power grid side and the user side is comprehensively considered, and meanwhile, the power quality of the power grid is guaranteed.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for orderly charging an electric automobile under a gridding time-of-use electricity price, which comprises the following steps: dividing a region grid; predicting the grid precision load; formulating the electricity price of the electric automobile according to the load prediction result; and guiding the electric automobile user to charge orderly through the electricity price.
The sub-steps include:
referring to fig. 2, in step S1 in the embodiment of the present invention, the process of performing area meshing according to the spatial layout, the load characteristics, the functional area, and the like of the target area specifically includes: dividing a city into different functional areas such as residential areas, industrial parks, commercial areas, administrative areas and the like by combining with functional area division of a city government planning report, and carrying out load prediction, load density statistics, transformer substation layout planning and road statistics on the divided areas to construct a preliminary city frame; the method comprises the following steps of carrying out further detailed division according to the total quantity of the charging automobiles and the quantity of charging piles in each area in a preliminary frame, dividing a planning area into N areas by using an equal-load method, and ensuring that a charging station in each area is enough to supply the charging requirements of the electric automobiles in the area, but the quantity of the electric automobiles and the residential electricity load are dynamically changed, so that the division of area grids can be changed under the condition that the positions of the charging stations are fixed; the method includes the steps that power supply grid areas are divided preliminarily according to the principles of clear boundary, near power supply, overall and orderly power resources and certain size, power consumption requirements of users are met as much as possible, grids are not crossed, and urban roads, rivers and the like are used as grid boundaries; and checking the divided power supply grid area, and inspecting whether the power supply requirement of the area is met and reserve the spare power consumption, whether power supply stations in the grid can independently supply power, and the like.
Referring to fig. 3, in step S2 in the embodiment of the present invention, a process of implementing an accurate load prediction of a grid based on historical load data of each grid specifically includes: collecting and collecting all related historical load data in the grid, and sorting the data; processing the historical load data according to the result of grid division, and analyzing the historical load data of each grid; selecting a prediction model according to the historical load data analysis result of each grid, and selecting a load total prediction model and a load density index in a space load prediction model according to different characteristics of each grid; and summarizing and analyzing the load prediction result, and continuously utilizing the load prediction result in the electricity price formulation and grid data analysis.
Referring to fig. 4, in step S3 in the embodiment of the present invention, the reasonable formulation of the time-of-use electricity price of the electric vehicle under each grid based on the gridded load prediction result specifically includes: the method comprehensively considers the economy of a user side and a power grid side, simultaneously considers the power quality of the power grid, and models the time-of-use electricity price pricing problem of the electric automobile; considering an objective function of the gridding time-of-use electricity price model; the user charging cost is the minimum, specifically, the following formula is used for calculation:
where Z1 is the total cost of the user, Cout represents cash out, Cin represents cash in, Cc represents charging cost, and Bm represents battery depletion charge, related to the number of charges.
The revenue maximization of the power company is calculated by the following formula:
wherein
The electric power rate at any time t, F (t) the total load of the electric vehicle at time t, and F2 the total income collected by the electric power company after the time-of-use electric power rate is applied, wherein the income includes two parts, one part is income collected by the user during charging and discharging, and the other part is government subsidy income S.
The load fluctuation of the power system is minimum, and specifically, the following formula is used for calculation:
min
wherein
、
Respectively representing the peak load and the valley load of the power grid, and Z3 represents the peak-valley difference value of the power grid load.
Considering the constraint condition of the gridding time-of-use electricity price model; the time-of-use price range constraint can be confirmed by the following formula:
wherein
、
、
Respectively represents the time-of-use electricity price when the time-of-use electricity price is implemented to be peak-flat-valley,
and
respectively representing the lowest and highest electricity rate information allowed at time t.
The utility profit constraint, in particular, can be confirmed using the following formula: let F1 and F2 denote the electric power rates charged by the electric power company before and after the time-of-use electric power rate is implemented, and S is a subsidy of the time-of-use electric power rate implemented by the government to the electric power company. Then it needs to satisfy:
wherein the variables satisfy the following relationships:
the user profit constraint of the electric vehicle can be confirmed by the following formula:
wherein F1 and F2 respectively represent the electric charges charged by the electric power company before and after the time-of-use electricity price is implemented.
The user demand response triggering constraint, in particular, can be confirmed using the following formula:
the participation degree of the user in the electricity price demand response is related to the peak-valley electricity price difference, and only when the time-of-use electricity price peak-valley electricity price difference is larger than a certain threshold value, the user of the electric automobile is willing to change the charging habit to participate in the time-of-use electricity price demand response.
Referring to fig. 5, in step S4 in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for guiding a user to orderly charge based on a specified grid-based time-of-use electricity price of an electric vehicle by using a demand response mechanism specifically includes: after the time-of-use electricity price of the gridded electric automobile is determined, part of users participate in demand response, and after the load in a grid area is obviously changed, the area grid is analyzed; judging whether the grid needs to further adjust the electricity price according to the analysis result; if yes, according to the analysis result, load prediction is carried out on the grid area again, demand responsiveness is considered, and time-of-use electricity price under each grid is adjusted; if not, the originally established time-of-use electricity price is kept.
It is understood that all the determination of grid division and time-of-use electricity price in the present embodiment only provides some example calculation methods, which is not limited to the determination method, and other calculation methods capable of achieving the effects of the present embodiment also belong to the protection scope of the present embodiment.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A grid-based time-of-use electricity price ordered charging method for an electric vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps: dividing the power distribution network into a plurality of load blocks in detail based on the space layout, the load characteristics and the functional area division of the target area to form a power distribution network area grid; performing historical load sorting on each grid based on the grid in the power distribution network area, and realizing accurate load prediction of each grid based on corresponding historical load data; reasonably formulating the time-of-use electricity price of the electric automobile under each grid based on the gridded load prediction result; and guiding the user to charge orderly by utilizing a demand response mechanism based on the formulated electric automobile grid time-of-use electricity price.
2. The method for orderly charging the electric vehicle at the gridding time-of-use price according to claim 1, wherein the area gridding is divided accurately according to functional areas, spatial layout, load characteristics, land characteristics and the like.
3. The method for orderly charging the electric vehicle at the gridding time-of-use electricity price according to claim 1, wherein each regional grid selects a prediction model according to respective load characteristics and total load amount, and accurate prediction of gridding load is realized by combining historical load data and selecting a load density index.
4. The method for orderly charging the electric vehicle at the grid-divided time-of-use price according to claim 1, further comprising: the grid time-of-use electricity price pricing modeling of the electric automobile utilizes economic and technical means, considers the economy of both sides of a user and an electric power company, and gives consideration to the electric energy quality of a power grid.
5. The method for orderly charging the electric vehicle at the grid-divided time-of-use price according to claim 1, further comprising: the electricity prices are adjusted based on the user demand, which can be reflected from the degree to which the user participates in the demand response.
6. The method for orderly charging the electric vehicle at the grid-divided time-of-use price according to claim 1, further comprising: and guiding the electric automobile to adjust the charging time based on the peak-valley time-of-use electricity price, and realizing peak clipping and valley filling of the load.
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