CN113446985A - Method for calibrating electric axis direction of reflector antenna - Google Patents
Method for calibrating electric axis direction of reflector antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN113446985A CN113446985A CN202110771327.9A CN202110771327A CN113446985A CN 113446985 A CN113446985 A CN 113446985A CN 202110771327 A CN202110771327 A CN 202110771327A CN 113446985 A CN113446985 A CN 113446985A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
- G01C1/02—Theodolites
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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Abstract
The application provides a reflector antenna electric axis pointing calibration method, which comprises the following steps: 1: adhering a reference cubic mirror on the reflecting surface antenna as a reflecting surface antenna conversion reference; 2: calibrating the space coordinate relation between the antenna electric axis and the reference cubic mirror; 3: measuring the spatial coordinates of the concave measuring point of the reflecting surface by using a tracking measuring instrument, establishing the coordinate relationship between the tracking measuring instrument and a theodolite, and establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between spatial coordinate data and a reference cubic mirror; 4: solving the spatial coordinate of the central axis of the reflecting surface according to the spatial coordinate data of the measuring points of the concave surface of the reflecting surface, establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between the central axis of the reflecting surface and a reference cubic mirror, and establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between the central axis of the reflecting surface and an electric axis of the antenna; 5: after the reflector antenna is installed on the satellite system, the relation between the antenna reference cubic mirror and the satellite reference coordinate system is measured, and the relation between the antenna electric axis and the satellite reference coordinate system and the relation between the central axis of the reflector and the satellite reference coordinate system are calculated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reflector antennas, in particular to a reflector antenna electric axis pointing calibration method.
Background
In certain type satellite engineering, a large-caliber reflector antenna needs to be developed so as to meet the requirement of satellite ground-oriented communication. In the process of taking part in the whole satellite ground test after the single machine development and delivery of the reflector antenna, the pointing change condition of the electric axis of the reflector antenna needs to be monitored at different stages, and the influence of various external factors on the pointing of the antenna is evaluated.
Since the reflector of a reflector antenna is generally parabolic, there is no standard plane that can be used as a reference. The conventional testing method mostly adopts a mode of adhering the cubic mirror, and indirectly represents the direction of the electric axis of the antenna by testing the three-axis coordinate direction of the cubic mirror, so as to obtain the coordinate relation of the electric axis direction of the reflector antenna in the space of a single machine or a satellite system. This approach has certain limitations. On one hand, in the actual satellite engineering development, after an environmental test (antenna products are generally exposed outside the satellite, the environment is particularly severe), the angle change is monitored only by the cube mirror, the influence factors of the antenna pointing angle change are difficult to accurately position, and the change condition of the reflector antenna cannot be comprehensively reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the application provides a reflector antenna electric axis pointing calibration method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: adhering a reference cubic mirror on the reflecting surface antenna as a reflecting surface antenna conversion reference;
step 2: calibrating the space coordinate relation between the antenna electric axis and the reference cubic mirror;
and step 3: measuring the spatial coordinates of the concave measuring point of the reflecting surface by using a tracking measuring instrument, establishing the coordinate relationship between the tracking measuring instrument and a theodolite, and establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between spatial coordinate data and a reference cubic mirror;
and 4, step 4: solving the spatial coordinate of the central axis of the reflecting surface according to the spatial coordinate data of the measuring points of the concave surface of the reflecting surface, establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between the central axis of the reflecting surface and a reference cubic mirror, and establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between the central axis of the reflecting surface and an electric axis of the antenna;
and 5: after the reflector antenna is installed on the satellite system, the relation between the antenna reference cubic mirror and the satellite reference coordinate system is measured, and the relation between the antenna electric axis and the satellite reference coordinate system and the relation between the central axis of the reflector and the satellite reference coordinate system are calculated.
In one possible implementation, the step 2: the calibration of the spatial coordinate relationship between the antenna electric axis and the reference cubic mirror comprises the following steps:
and measuring the radiation pattern of the antenna on the reflecting surface in a microwave darkroom, and testing and calibrating the space coordinate relationship between the electric axis of the antenna and the reference cubic mirror by a theodolite.
In one possible implementation, the tracking measurement instrument in step 3 is a laser tracker.
In a possible implementation manner, the step 5 further includes, after the step of:
and establishing a reference coordinate relation among the antenna electric axis, the central axis of the reflecting surface, the antenna reference cubic mirror and a satellite system where the antenna is located.
In a possible implementation manner, in step 3, when the concave surface of the reflecting surface is measured, if the diameter of the reflecting surface is not greater than 1m, the number of the measuring points is not less than 100 points.
In a possible implementation mode, when the diameter of the reflecting surface is larger than 1m, the number of the measuring points is increased in proportion, and the testing precision of the reflecting surface is ensured.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the spatial coordinate of the measuring point of the concave surface of the reflecting surface is tested, the spatial coordinate relation of the central axis of the reflecting surface and the antenna electric axis is calculated, the spatial coordinate relation can be used as an important parameter for monitoring the directional change of the antenna electric axis, and the problem that the influence factor of the change of the antenna electric axis of the reflecting surface cannot be comprehensively evaluated when a cubic mirror is used for calibrating the antenna electric axis in a conventional testing method is solved; in addition, the risk that the change of the electric axis of the antenna cannot be judged due to damage or fixation failure of the cubic mirror after environmental tests.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a calibration method for the electric axis orientation of a reflector antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the electric axis vector of the reflector antenna and the central axis vector of the main reflector in a cubic mirror coordinate system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a distribution of concave measurement points on a reflective surface according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for calibrating the pointing direction of the electric axis of a reflector antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method provided by the application mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: adhering a reference cubic mirror on the reflecting surface antenna as a reflecting surface antenna conversion reference;
s2: calibrating the space coordinate relation between the antenna electric axis and the reference cubic mirror;
s3: measuring the spatial coordinates of the concave measuring point of the reflecting surface by using a tracking measuring instrument, establishing the coordinate relationship between the tracking measuring instrument and a theodolite, and establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between spatial coordinate data and a reference cubic mirror;
s4: solving the spatial coordinate of the central axis of the reflecting surface according to the spatial coordinate data of the measuring points of the concave surface of the reflecting surface, establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between the central axis of the reflecting surface and a reference cubic mirror, and establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between the central axis of the reflecting surface and an electric axis of the antenna;
s5: after the reflector antenna is installed on the satellite system, the relation between the antenna reference cubic mirror and the satellite reference coordinate system is measured, and the relation between the antenna electric axis and the satellite reference coordinate system and the relation between the central axis of the reflector and the satellite reference coordinate system are calculated.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the test reflector antenna electrical axes are oriented in a relative positional relationship in the antenna body coordinate system. The calibration method according to fig. 1:
step 1: a reference cube is attached to the reflector antenna as a reflector antenna switching reference.
Preferably, the reference cubic mirror is arranged at the center of the top of the antenna sub-reflecting surface and represents the pointing direction of the antenna electric axis.
Step 2: and measuring the radiation pattern of the antenna on the reflecting surface in a microwave darkroom, and testing and calibrating the space coordinate relationship between the electric axis of the antenna and the reference cubic mirror by a theodolite.
In one embodiment, the radiation pattern of the reflector antenna is measured through a microwave darkroom, and the azimuth angle and the pitch angle corresponding to the maximum radiation direction of the antenna under the coordinate system of the test darkroom are given.
Specifically, under the condition that the antenna test state is kept stable and unchanged, the spatial coordinate relationship between the antenna electric axis and the antenna reference cubic mirror is obtained by adopting theodolite measurement. The test conditions are shown in FIG. 2, and the test results are detailed in Table 1 below.
Table 1: reflection plane antenna coordinate relation test result
And step 3: and measuring the spatial coordinates of the concave measuring points of the reflecting surface by using a laser tracker, establishing the coordinate relationship between the laser tracker and the theodolite, and establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between spatial coordinate data and the reference cubic mirror.
Referring to FIG. 3, in one embodiment, 121 points of spatial coordinate data are sequentially collected on the concave surface of the 2m reflecting surface by the target ball of the laser tracker.
Preferably, the concave surface measuring points of the reflecting surface are generally uniformly distributed, so that the state change condition of the reflecting surface body can be effectively represented.
And 4, step 4: and (3) solving the spatial coordinate data of the measuring point of the concave surface of the reflecting surface to calculate the spatial coordinate of the central axis of the reflecting surface, establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between the central axis of the reflecting surface and the reference cubic mirror, and establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between the central axis of the reflecting surface and the electric axis of the antenna. The test conditions are shown in figure 2.
Specifically, the spatial coordinate relationship between the central axis of the reflecting surface and the reference cube is shown in table 1. The central axis of the reflecting surface and the electric axis of the antenna establish a relative space coordinate relation through the reference of the cubic mirror.
And 5: after the reflector antenna is installed on the satellite system, the relation between the antenna reference cubic mirror and the satellite reference coordinate system is measured, and the relation between the antenna electric axis and the satellite reference coordinate system and the relation between the central axis of the reflector and the satellite reference coordinate system are calculated.
Specifically, the coordinate relationship of the central axis of the reflecting surface in the satellite reference coordinate system is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 coordinate relationship test results after the reflector antenna is mounted on the satellite
In one embodiment, the reflector antenna is used for a satellite system mechanical test, the relation between the antenna reference cubic mirror and the satellite reference coordinate is measured after the test, the relation between the antenna electric axis and the satellite reference coordinate is solved, and the result shows that the change of the antenna electric axis relative to the satellite reference is 3.1' before and after the test. And measuring the space coordinate of the concave measuring point of the antenna reflecting surface, directly solving the relation between the central axis of the reflecting surface and the satellite reference coordinate, and displaying that the central axis of the reflecting surface changes by 0.7' relative to the satellite reference before and after the test. Comprehensive analysis, the whole state of the antenna reflecting surface is stable after mechanical test, and the change of the antenna electric axis is mainly caused by the tiny elastic deformation of the auxiliary reflecting surface and the supporting rod thereof.
By adopting the embodiment of the invention, on the basis of the traditional reflecting surface antenna electric axis calibration method, the relation between the central axis of the reflecting surface and the antenna electric axis coordinate is solved by measuring the coordinates of the concave surface measuring point of the main reflecting surface, and the relation between the central axis of the reflecting surface and the reference coordinate of the system where the reflecting surface is located is solved. The method solves the problem that the influence factors of the change of the electric axis of the antenna of the reflecting surface cannot be comprehensively evaluated when the conventional test method only uses the cubic mirror to calibrate the electric axis of the antenna, and provides a new means for monitoring the change of the electric axis of the antenna in the ground development process; in addition, the risk that the change of the electric axis of the antenna cannot be judged due to damage or fixation failure of the cubic mirror after environmental tests.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The inventive concept is explained in detail herein using specific examples, which are given only to aid in understanding the core concepts of the invention. It should be understood that any obvious modifications, equivalents and other improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
It should be understood that reference to "a plurality" herein means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A method for calibrating the pointing direction of an electric axis of a reflector antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: adhering a reference cubic mirror on the reflecting surface antenna as a reflecting surface antenna conversion reference;
step 2: calibrating the space coordinate relation between the antenna electric axis and the reference cubic mirror;
and step 3: measuring the spatial coordinates of the concave measuring point of the reflecting surface by using a tracking measuring instrument, establishing the coordinate relationship between the tracking measuring instrument and a theodolite, and establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between spatial coordinate data and a reference cubic mirror;
and 4, step 4: solving the spatial coordinate of the central axis of the reflecting surface according to the spatial coordinate data of the measuring points of the concave surface of the reflecting surface, establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between the central axis of the reflecting surface and a reference cubic mirror, and establishing the spatial coordinate relationship between the central axis of the reflecting surface and an electric axis of the antenna;
and 5: after the reflector antenna is installed on the satellite system, the relation between the antenna reference cubic mirror and the satellite reference coordinate system is measured, and the relation between the antenna electric axis and the satellite reference coordinate system and the relation between the central axis of the reflector and the satellite reference coordinate system are calculated.
2. The method for calibrating the electric axis orientation of the reflector antenna according to claim 1, wherein the step 2: the calibration of the spatial coordinate relationship between the antenna electric axis and the reference cubic mirror comprises the following steps:
and measuring the radiation pattern of the antenna on the reflecting surface in a microwave darkroom, and testing and calibrating the space coordinate relationship between the electric axis of the antenna and the reference cubic mirror by a theodolite.
3. The method for calibrating the electrical axis orientation of the reflector antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tracking meter in step 3 is a laser tracker.
4. The method for calibrating the electric axis orientation of the reflector antenna according to claim 1, wherein the step 5 is followed by further comprising:
and establishing a reference coordinate relation among the antenna electric axis, the central axis of the reflecting surface, the antenna reference cubic mirror and a satellite system where the antenna is located.
5. The method for calibrating the electric axis orientation of the reflector antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3, when the concave surface of the reflector is measured, if the diameter of the reflector is not greater than 1m, the number of the measuring points is not less than 100 points.
6. The method for calibrating the pointing direction of the electric axis of the reflector antenna as claimed in claim 5, wherein the number of the measuring points is increased in proportion to ensure the measuring accuracy of the reflector when the diameter of the reflector is larger than 1 m.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN117723849A (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-03-19 | 长光卫星技术股份有限公司 | Space two-dimensional high-frequency antenna pointing precision ground calibration method, equipment and medium |
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| CN117723849B (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-04-26 | 长光卫星技术股份有限公司 | Space two-dimensional high-frequency antenna pointing precision ground calibration method, equipment and medium |
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| CN113446985B (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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