CN113446857B - Pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing vitrified ceramsite by biomass heat source - Google Patents
Pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing vitrified ceramsite by biomass heat source Download PDFInfo
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- CN113446857B CN113446857B CN202111004195.3A CN202111004195A CN113446857B CN 113446857 B CN113446857 B CN 113446857B CN 202111004195 A CN202111004195 A CN 202111004195A CN 113446857 B CN113446857 B CN 113446857B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B19/00—Combinations of furnaces of kinds not covered by a single preceding main group
- F27B19/04—Combinations of furnaces of kinds not covered by a single preceding main group arranged for associated working
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing vitrified ceramsite by using a biomass heat source, which relates to the field of environment-friendly equipment. The kiln shell reduces heat loss and can reach higher firing temperature. The ceramsite is in a granulation rolling state in the rotary kiln, cannot be mutually fused, and the kiln wall can bear higher firing temperature. The pyrolysis gas and the material are in full countercurrent contact, and the efficiency is high. The pyrolysis gas provides heat energy for sintering, negative pressure pyrolysis is carried out in the pyrolysis reaction kettle, and the heat supply capacity is increased. The space and heat energy utilization rate is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environment-friendly equipment, in particular to a pyrolysis melting kiln for preparing vitrified ceramsite by using a biomass heat source.
Background
In order to avoid the pollution of hazardous waste substances, the original treatment of hazardous waste usually adopts cement solidification or chelating agent solidification, and the problem of the above-mentioned solidification mode lies in: the size is large, the air can be weathered after being placed for a long time, so that the environment can still be polluted, and a special landfill with higher cost needs to be established.
At present, the vitrification (vitrification is also called as vitrification) treatment of general industrial solid waste, especially dangerous waste such as fly ash is a treatment method for realizing the reduction, reclamation and harmlessness of the solid waste. The dangerous solid wastes are vitrified to form general solid wastes which can be normally stored without secondary pollution. Vitrification is the high melting state of inorganic silicate, the vitreous body content in the finished product is higher than 85%, dioxin is thoroughly cracked and eliminated at the moment, and the leaching of heavy metal is close to 0. The most important difference from the firing of ceramics or ceramics is that the firing of the general ceramsite only needs 800 ℃ plus 1000 ℃, and the firing temperature of the vitrified ceramsite needs to reach more than 1300 ℃.
The existing vitrification treatment methods comprise plasma gasification, coal water slurry gasification and other industrial furnace and kiln cooperative treatment methods, which all adopt non-renewable high-quality energy sources such as electricity, coal, natural gas and the like, have high treatment cost and cause energy waste. The carbon slag and pyrolysis gas generated after pyrolysis of biomass, particularly biomass solid waste (household garbage, industrial garbage and the like) can be used as good energy.
The existing kiln combining the firing kiln and the pyrolysis reaction kettle only utilizes the positive pressure in the pyrolysis reaction kettle to lead out pyrolysis gas in the reaction kettle, and the pyrolysis gas is combusted outside the firing kiln or below a blank, so that the yield of the pyrolysis gas is low, the firing temperature is insufficient, and the application to firing of vitrified ceramsite is difficult.
In addition, most of the existing kilns adopt a material conveying device such as a conveying chain row or a conveying roller to convey materials, the materials on the material conveying device are in a static and exposed state, and the temperature in a cavity is the sintering temperature. The material cost of the drying kiln, the sintering kiln and the pyrolysis reaction kettle is limited, and the temperature in the cavity is not too high, so that the requirement (more than 1300 ℃) for sintering vitrified ceramsite by using certain high-temperature sintering products such as fly ash can not be met. Meanwhile, the ceramsite is in a static state at the glass transition temperature and can be softened and melted with each other to form a spherical particle.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to directly and fully utilize the products of biomass pyrolysis gasification and fire vitrified porcelain granules.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing vitrified ceramsite by using a biomass heat source comprises a pyrolysis reaction kettle, a drying rotary kiln, a firing rotary kiln and a kiln shell, wherein the pyrolysis reaction kettle, the drying rotary kiln and the firing rotary kiln are rotatably arranged in the kiln shell, the drying rotary kiln is positioned above the firing rotary kiln,
one end of the drying rotary kiln is provided with a flue gas outlet and a sealable drying feed inlet, a flue gas exhaust fan is fixed in the flue gas outlet, one end of the firing rotary kiln is provided with a product outlet and a pyrolysis gas inlet, the other end of the drying rotary kiln is communicated with the other end of the firing rotary kiln,
one end of the pyrolysis reaction kettle is provided with a pyrolysis gas discharge port and a biomass feeding port which can be closed, a pyrolysis exhaust fan is fixed in the pyrolysis gas discharge port, the pyrolysis gas discharge port is communicated with the pyrolysis gas inlet, and the side wall of the pyrolysis reaction kettle is provided with a slag discharge hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the pyrolysis reaction kettle, the drying rotary kiln and the firing rotary kiln are positioned in the same kiln shell, and heat generated by the pyrolysis reaction kettle, the drying rotary kiln and the firing rotary kiln can be retained in the kiln shell, so that heat loss is reduced. The interior of the firing rotary kiln is separated from the cavity of the kiln shell, and a temperature gradient is formed between the interior of the firing rotary kiln and the interior of the kiln shell, namely the temperature of the firing rotary kiln is high and the temperature of the kiln shell is low. And the space in the firing rotary kiln is small, which is beneficial to heating up to reach higher firing temperature. The proper temperature of each space of the pyrolysis melting kiln is graded from high to low, namely, an inner cavity of a firing rotary kiln, an inner cavity of a kiln shell, an inner cavity of a pyrolysis reaction kettle and an inner cavity of a drying rotary kiln. On the one hand, in the kiln casing is gived off the heat to the rotary kiln of firing, heat plays heat retaining effect to pyrolysis reaction cauldron, dry rotary kiln and the rotary kiln of firing in the kiln casing, and on the other hand, the heat of kiln casing can provide heat energy for the pyrolysis through pyrolysis reaction cauldron's lateral wall heat transfer. The temperature in the four cavities of the firing rotary kiln, the kiln shell, the pyrolysis reaction kettle and the drying rotary kiln can be reasonably matched, and the heat can be fully utilized.
The drying rotary kiln and the firing rotary kiln are rotatably arranged in the kiln shell, the conveying, drying or firing of materials are completed in the rotating process, the materials roll in an overturning mode, all surfaces can be fully heated, and the production efficiency is high. By adopting the drying rotary kiln and the firing rotary kiln, the ceramsite is in a granulation rolling state in the rotary kiln and cannot be mutually fused. And the rotary kiln is in a rotating state, the kiln wall is uniformly heated, and the rotary kiln can bear higher firing temperature and does not deform. The side wall of the rotary equipment can be made of common alloy steel, special high-temperature resistant materials are not needed, and the equipment cost is low.
The material enters from one end of the drying rotary kiln, is discharged from the other end of the drying rotary kiln, then falls into the other end of the firing rotary kiln below, and is then discharged from one end of the firing rotary kiln. And the flow direction of the pyrolysis gas is opposite to that of the material, the pyrolysis gas enters from one end of the firing rotary kiln and is discharged from one end of the drying rotary kiln under the action of the flue gas exhaust fan. The pyrolysis gas and the material flow reversely, and the material can fully contact the high-temperature pyrolysis gas, so that the drying and firing efficiency is improved.
And the pyrolysis gas at the pyrolysis gas outlet is pumped out by a pyrolysis exhaust fan and introduced into the firing rotary kiln, enters the firing rotary kiln to provide heat energy for firing, and is subjected to secondary combustion at high temperature or under an ignition condition to remove dioxin. The pyrolysis reaction kettle generates negative pressure due to the fact that the pyrolysis exhaust fan is arranged in the pyrolysis reaction kettle, high-temperature flue gas in the kiln shell enters the pyrolysis reaction kettle through the slag discharging hole in the side wall of the pyrolysis reaction kettle, better convection heat transfer of heat transfer effect is achieved except for heat conduction of the side wall of the pyrolysis reaction kettle, heat in the pyrolysis reaction kettle is greatly increased and controlled, the pyrolysis reaction kettle is accompanied with a gasifying agent, the temperature in the pyrolysis reaction kettle is high, and the pyrolysis gasification efficiency is high. Pyrolysis gasification reaction occurs in the pyrolysis reaction kettle, pyrolysis gas mainly comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the yield is high. In the prior art, because the pyrolysis reaction kettle is in a rotating state and lacks corresponding structural design, negative pressure is difficult to realize in the pyrolysis reaction kettle, and the negative pressure pyrolysis is generally considered to reduce the heat value of fuel gas. However, compare in traditional scheme that relies on malleation emission pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis reaction cauldron, the pyrolysis reaction cauldron in this scheme adopts negative pressure pyrolysis gasification technology, makes high temperature flue gas in the kiln casing and the gasification agent convection current that contains get into the pyrolysis reaction cauldron in for the handling capacity increase, the pyrolysis gas that produces in the unit interval increases, and heat supply capacity is greater than the malleation pyrolysis on the contrary far away.
The pyrolysis melting kiln of this scheme is high in pyrolysis efficiency, and the temperature runs off fewly in the kiln casing, directly lets in pyrolysis gas in dry rotary kiln and the rotary kiln of firing, compares in dry rotary kiln and the heating of rotary kiln outside of firing, and drying and firing efficiency are higher, have utilized pyrolysis gas heat supply system haydite of pyrolysis reation kettle, avoid adopting the non-renewable energy to cause the energy extravagant. And the pyrolysis reaction kettle, the drying rotary kiln and the firing rotary kiln supplement each other, and the space and heat energy utilization rate in one pyrolysis melting kiln are high.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, still including the scum gate, the lateral wall of pyrolytic reaction cauldron other end has the carbon sediment discharge port, the scum gate set up in pyrolytic reaction cauldron's inboard, one side of scum gate with the carbon sediment discharge port is followed pyrolytic reaction cauldron circumference arbitrary one side is articulated, the scum gate rotatable to with pyrolytic reaction cauldron's inner wall butt blocks the carbon sediment discharge port, can rotate to dodging the carbon sediment discharge port makes pyrolytic reaction cauldron's inside and outside intercommunication, a plurality of scum holes have on the scum gate.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the positive rotation or the reverse rotation of the pyrolysis reaction kettle can be controlled, so that when the slag discharge door rotates to the position under the pyrolysis reaction kettle along with the pyrolysis reaction kettle, whether the carbon slag discharge port is opened or not is judged. When the slag discharge door blocks the carbon slag discharge port, a small amount of carbon slag is discharged from the slag discharge hole, and the carbon slag is combusted in the high-temperature environment of the kiln shell to provide heat energy for devices in the kiln shell. When the slag discharge door opens the carbon slag discharge port, more carbon slag accumulated in the pyrolysis reaction kettle can be discharged.
And one end of the chain grate furnace is fixed in the kiln shell and positioned below the slag discharge hole, and the other end of the chain grate furnace extends out of the kiln shell.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the carbon slag falls onto the chain grate furnace, and is conveyed out of the kiln furnace shell by the chain grate furnace after burning and releasing heat.
And one end of the carbon powder spiral guiding device is communicated with the other end of the pyrolysis reaction kettle, and the other end of the carbon powder spiral guiding device extends out of the kiln furnace shell.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: a part of carbon slag in the pyrolysis reaction kettle can be led out of the kiln shell through carbon powder spiral leading-out equipment and used for manufacturing ceramsite blanks, the carbon slag in the ceramsite burns at a high temperature to form internal heat, high-temperature flue gas which burns into the rotary kiln becomes external heat, and the ceramsite is fired under the combined action.
The other end of the drying rotary kiln and the other end of the firing rotary kiln can both rotatably extend into the middle shell and are communicated through the middle shell, and the middle blower is fixed on the side wall of the middle shell.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the materials in the drying rotary kiln fall into the burning rotary kiln through the middle shell, and the middle blower is used for supplying air to the burning rotary kiln and the drying rotary kiln.
Further, still including advancing row material casing, advance the middle part of arranging the material casing and be fixed with into row material baffle, advance row material baffle will advance row material casing and divide into the feeding chamber that is located upper portion and the row material chamber that is located the lower part, the top of advancing row material casing has dry feed inlet, its bottom has the product export, the rotatable income of one end of dry rotary kiln the feeding chamber, the rotatable income of the one end of burning till the rotary kiln the row material chamber.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: simple structure, and convenient manufacture, installation and maintenance. Part of the biomass to be pyrolyzed may also be stored in the feed chamber.
Further, still include flue gas casing and burning rifle, the middle part of flue gas casing is fixed with the flue gas baffle, the flue gas baffle will the flue gas casing falls into the chamber of discharging fume that is located upper portion and the chamber of admitting air that is located the lower part, discharge fume the chamber with the feeding chamber intercommunication, the chamber of admitting air with arrange the material chamber intercommunication, the top of flue gas casing has the exhanst gas outlet, the bottom of flue gas casing has the pyrolysis gas import, the burning rifle is fixed in the chamber of admitting air the pyrolysis gas import is inboard.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: simple structure, and convenient manufacture, installation and maintenance. And igniting the pyrolysis gas by a combustion gun to remove dioxin in the pyrolysis gas, wherein heat released by the combusted pyrolysis gas provides heat energy for the burning rotary kiln.
Furthermore, two feeding valves for opening and closing the drying feeding hole are arranged in the drying feeding hole.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the two feeding valves are alternatively opened to finish feeding, so that pyrolysis gas can not leak from the drying feeding port.
Further, the kiln shell is a cuboid or a cylinder; the kiln shell is provided with an insulating layer.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the kiln shell has compact structure and good heat preservation effect.
Furthermore, a plurality of spirally arranged material pushing plates are fixed in the drying rotary kiln and the firing rotary kiln.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the material pushing plate pushes the material, and the material moves along the axis of the kiln along with the rotation of the kiln.
Further, pyrolytic reaction cauldron includes reation kettle staving, reation kettle feed cylinder and reation kettle goes out the gas cylinder, the one end of reation kettle feed cylinder has the living beings feed inlet, the one end that reation kettle goes out the gas cylinder has the pyrolysis gas discharge port, reation kettle feed cylinder with reation kettle goes out the gas cylinder all fixed set up and the other end all with reation kettle staving intercommunication, reation kettle feed cylinder is located in the reation kettle goes out the gas cylinder, and its one end stretches out reation kettle goes out the gas cylinder, rotatable the installing in of reation kettle staving in the kiln casing, the rotatable cover of one end of reation kettle staving is in the outside of reation kettle goes out the gas cylinder other end.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: pyrolysis gas at the pyrolysis gas outlet is extracted through the pyrolysis exhaust fan, and the double-cylinder sleeving design of the reaction kettle feeding cylinder and the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder is adopted, the feeding of the reaction kettle feeding cylinder is performed, the pyrolysis gas is discharged from an interlayer between the reaction kettle feeding cylinder and the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder, and negative pressure is formed in the reaction kettle barrel body, so that pyrolysis gasification is realized. Compared with positive-pressure pyrolysis, the method greatly improves the material thermal conversion capacity of unit pyrolysis reaction kettle volume, and provides high enough temperature and enough heat for firing the ceramsite.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a pyrolysis melting furnace for producing vitrified porcelain granules by using a biomass heat source according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a biaxial sectional view of an embodiment of a pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing vitrified ceramic grains by using a biomass heat source according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-axial sectional view of an embodiment of a pyrolysis melting furnace for producing vitrified porcelain granules by using a biomass heat source according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the four axial directions of the pyrolysis melting furnace for producing vitrified porcelain granules by using the biomass heat source according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the inner structure of the pyrolysis melting kiln A direction of the biomass heat source for producing the vitrified porcelain granules in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the inner structure of the pyrolysis melting kiln for producing vitrified porcelain granules from the biomass heat source in the direction B in FIG. 1;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing of the deslagging door.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. a pyrolysis reaction kettle; 101. a pyrolysis gas outlet; 102. a biomass feed inlet; 103. a reaction kettle feeding cylinder; 104. a gas outlet cylinder of the reaction kettle; 2. firing the rotary kiln; 201. a product outlet; 202. a pyrolysis gas inlet; 3. drying the rotary kiln; 301. a flue gas outlet; 302. drying the feed inlet; 4. a kiln shell; 5. a smoke exhaust fan; 6. a chain grate furnace; 7. carbon powder spiral exporting equipment; 8. a middle housing; 9. a middle blower; 10. a feeding and discharging shell; 11. a material inlet and outlet clapboard; 12. a feed valve; 13. a flue gas housing; 14. a burning gun; 15. a flue gas baffle plate; 16. pyrolysis exhaust fan.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the present embodiment provides a pyrolysis melting kiln for making vitrified ceramsite by using a biomass heat source, which includes a pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, a drying rotary kiln 3, a firing rotary kiln 2 and a kiln shell 4, wherein the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, the drying rotary kiln 3 and the firing rotary kiln 2 are rotatably installed in the kiln shell 4, the drying rotary kiln 3 is located above the firing rotary kiln 2,
one end of the drying rotary kiln 3 is provided with a flue gas outlet 301 and a sealable drying feed inlet 302, a flue gas exhaust fan 5 is fixed in the flue gas outlet 301, one end of the firing rotary kiln 2 is provided with a product outlet 201 and a pyrolysis gas inlet 202, the other end of the drying rotary kiln 3 is communicated with the other end of the firing rotary kiln 2,
one end of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is provided with a pyrolysis gas discharge port 101 and a biomass feeding port 102 which can be closed, a pyrolysis exhaust fan 16 is fixed in the pyrolysis gas discharge port 101, the pyrolysis gas discharge port 101 is communicated with the pyrolysis gas inlet 202, and the side wall of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is provided with a slag discharge hole.
In the melting furnace of the embodiment, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, the drying rotary kiln 3 and the firing rotary kiln 2 are positioned in the same furnace shell 4, and heat generated by the three can be retained in the furnace shell 4, so that heat loss is reduced. The inside of the firing rotary kiln 2 is separated from the cavity of the kiln shell 4, and a temperature gradient is formed between the inside of the firing rotary kiln 2 and the inside of the kiln shell 4, namely the temperature of the firing rotary kiln 2 is high and the temperature of the kiln shell 4 is low. And the space in the firing rotary kiln 2 is small, which is beneficial to heating up to reach higher firing temperature. The proper temperature of each space of the pyrolysis melting kiln is graded from high to low, namely, an inner cavity of a firing rotary kiln 2, an inner cavity of a kiln shell 4, an inner cavity of a pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and an inner cavity of a drying rotary kiln 3. The heat transfer mode of the pyrolysis melting kiln is as follows: in the rotary kiln 2, crude gas generated by pyrolysis gasification is directly combusted to generate heat, pyrolysis gas enters from one end of the rotary kiln 2 and is discharged from one end of the rotary kiln 3, and inner cavities of the rotary kiln 2 and the rotary kiln 3 are heated comprehensively (instead of only heating the rotary kiln 2 or a part of the rotary kiln 3), so that materials in the rotary kiln 2 are burnt and the materials in the rotary kiln 3 are dried. Heat is radiated into the kiln shell 4 through the heat conduction of the side wall of the firing rotary kiln 2, and the heat in the kiln shell 4 plays a role in heat preservation on the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, the drying rotary kiln 3 and the firing rotary kiln 2. Simultaneously, the heat of kiln casing 4 can provide heat energy for the pyrolysis through pyrolysis reation kettle 1's lateral wall heat transfer, and under the negative pressure effect in pyrolysis reation kettle 1, steam gets into pyrolysis reation kettle 1 from the slag hole of pyrolysis reation kettle 1 lateral wall, promotes the temperature in pyrolysis reation kettle 1, realizes the pyrolysis gasification. The temperatures in the four cavities of the firing rotary kiln 2, the kiln shell 4, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and the drying rotary kiln 3 can be reasonably matched, the heat can be fully utilized, the temperature of the discharge end of the firing rotary kiln 2 is higher than the temperature of the feed end, the temperature of the discharge end of the drying rotary kiln 3 is higher than the temperature of the feed end, and the temperature distribution is reasonable.
The drying rotary kiln 3 and the firing rotary kiln 2 are rotatably arranged in the kiln shell 4, the conveying, drying or firing of materials are completed in the rotating process, the materials roll in an overturning manner, all surfaces can be fully heated, and the production efficiency is high. By adopting the drying rotary kiln 3 and the firing rotary kiln 2, the ceramsite is in a granulation rolling state in the rotary kiln and cannot be mutually fused. And the rotary kiln is in a rotating state, the kiln wall is uniformly heated, and the rotary kiln can bear higher firing temperature and does not deform. Particularly, in the drying rotary kiln 3, a large amount of water is volatilized in the drying process of the ceramsite, so that the temperature of the side wall of the drying rotary kiln 3 can be further reduced, and the deformation of materials is avoided. The side wall of the rotary equipment can be made of common alloy steel, special high-temperature resistant materials are not needed, and the equipment cost is low.
The ceramsite blank enters from one end of the drying rotary kiln 3, is discharged from the other end of the drying rotary kiln, then falls into the other end of the firing rotary kiln below, and is discharged from one end of the firing rotary kiln 2. The flow direction of pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis gasification reaction in the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is opposite to that of the materials, the pyrolysis gas enters from one end of the firing rotary kiln 2 and is discharged from one end of the drying rotary kiln 3 under the action of the flue gas exhaust fan 5. The pyrolysis gas and the material flow reversely, and the material can fully contact the high-temperature pyrolysis gas, so that the drying and firing efficiency is improved.
The pyrolysis gas at the pyrolysis gas outlet is extracted by a pyrolysis exhaust fan 16 and is introduced into the firing rotary kiln 2, the pyrolysis gas enters the firing rotary kiln 2 to provide heat energy for firing, and secondary combustion is carried out under the condition of high temperature or ignition to remove dioxin. The pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is internally provided with a pyrolysis exhaust fan 16 to generate negative pressure, high-temperature flue gas in the kiln shell 4 enters the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 through a slag discharge hole on the side wall of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, better convection heat transfer of heat transfer effect is provided for the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 besides heat conduction on the side wall, the heat transferred into the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is greatly increased and controlled, and is accompanied with a gasifying agent, the temperature in the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is high, and the pyrolysis gasification efficiency is high. Pyrolysis gasification reaction occurs in the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, and pyrolysis gas mainly comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen and has high yield. In the prior art, because the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is in a rotating state and lacks corresponding structural design, negative pressure is difficult to realize in the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, and the negative pressure pyrolysis is generally considered to reduce the heat value of fuel gas. However, compare in traditional scheme that relies on malleation emission pyrolysis gas in pyrolysis reaction cauldron 1, pyrolysis reaction cauldron 1 in this scheme adopts negative pressure pyrolysis gasification technology, makes high temperature flue gas in the kiln casing and the gasification agent convection current that contains get into in the pyrolysis reaction cauldron for the handling capacity increase, the pyrolysis gas that produces in the unit interval increases, and heat supply capacity is greater than the malleation pyrolysis on the contrary far away.
The pyrolysis melting kiln of this scheme is high in pyrolysis efficiency, and temperature loss is few in the kiln casing 4, directly lets in pyrolysis gas in dry rotary kiln 3 and the rotary kiln 2 that burns till, compares in dry rotary kiln 3 and the rotary kiln 2 outside heating of burning till, and is dry and the efficiency of burning till higher, has utilized pyrolysis gas heat supply system haydite of pyrolysis reation kettle 1, avoids adopting the non-renewable energy to cause the energy extravagant. The pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, the drying rotary kiln 3 and the firing rotary kiln 2 supplement each other, and the space and heat energy utilization rate in the same equipment are high.
Specifically, the slag discharging hole is located on the side wall of the other end of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, the diameter of the slag discharging hole only enables carbon slag to pass through, and biomass which is not pyrolyzed cannot leak from the slag discharging hole.
Specifically, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, the drying rotary kiln 3 and the firing rotary kiln 2 are rotatably mounted in the kiln shell 4 through bearings. The gap at the bearing is small, the heat loss is low, and the overall heat-insulating sealing performance of the kiln shell 4 is not influenced. Furthermore, gaskets made of heat-insulating materials can be additionally arranged at two ends of the bearing, so that the sealing performance is further improved.
The driving modes of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, the drying rotary kiln 3 and the firing rotary kiln 2 are specifically as follows: the end part of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 extends out of the outer side of the kiln shell 4 and is coaxially fixed with a driving gear, and a driving motor is in transmission connection with the driving gear and drives the pyrolysis reaction kettle to rotate. Similarly, the end of the drying rotary kiln 3 extends out of the kiln shell 4, a driving gear is fixed on the outer side wall, and the driving motor is in transmission connection with the driving gear. The end part of the firing rotary kiln 2 extends out of the kiln shell 4, a driving gear is fixed on the outer side wall, and a driving motor is in transmission connection with the driving gear.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the drying rotary kiln 3 is located above the firing rotary kiln 2, and as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the drying rotary kiln 3 may be located obliquely above the firing rotary kiln 2, or as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the drying rotary kiln 3 may be located directly above the firing rotary kiln 2. Like this, the material after drying rotary kiln 3 drying can rely on gravity directly to fall into firing rotary kiln 2, need not to set up complicated conveying equipment, reduces calorific loss and accident rate. The pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 can be installed at any position in the kiln shell 4, preferably, as shown in fig. 1-4, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, the drying rotary kiln 3 and the firing rotary kiln 2 are arranged in a triangular shape, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is located at one side of the plane where the axes of the drying rotary kiln 3 and the firing rotary kiln 2 are located, the triangular arrangement mode occupies the smallest space, the equipment space can be saved, the heat preservation of the kiln shell 4 is facilitated, and the heat loss is reduced.
Wherein, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is a counter-flow type pyrolysis reaction kettle, the biomass feeding port 102 and the pyrolysis gas discharging port 101 are arranged at the same end of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, and the biomass feeding port 102 can be sealed after feeding, for example, a sealing door is arranged, so as to avoid the pyrolysis gas from leaking from the feeding port of the reaction kettle.
On the basis of any one of the above-mentioned scheme, still include the scum gate, the lateral wall of pyrolytic reaction cauldron 1 other end has the carbon sediment discharge port, the scum gate set up in pyrolytic reaction cauldron 1's inboard, one side of scum gate with the carbon sediment discharge port is followed pyrolytic reaction cauldron 1 circumference arbitrary one side is articulated, the scum gate rotatable to with pyrolytic reaction cauldron 1's inner wall butt blocks the carbon sediment discharge port, can rotate to letting open the carbon sediment discharge port makes pyrolytic reaction cauldron 1's inside and outside intercommunication. Optionally, the slag discharging door is of a plate-shaped structure without holes, or the slag discharging door is provided with a plurality of slag discharging holes.
The forward rotation or the reverse rotation of pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 can be controlled, so that when the slag discharge door rotates to the position under pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 along with pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, whether the carbon slag discharge port is opened or not is judged. When the slag discharge door blocks the carbon slag discharge port, a small amount of carbon slag is discharged from the slag discharge hole, and the carbon slag is combusted in the high-temperature environment of the kiln shell 4 to provide heat energy for devices in the kiln shell 4. When the slag discharge door opens the carbon slag discharge port, more carbon slag accumulated in the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 can be discharged.
In the pyrolysis state, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 sequentially rotates to the positions shown by 1-1 to 1-4 in fig. 7, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 rotates along the direction from one side of the slag discharge door to the other side, the slag discharge door is abutted against the inner wall of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 at the position 1-3 in fig. 7 to close the carbon slag discharge port, and carbon slag can be directly discharged through the slag discharge port in the slag discharge door in the pyrolysis process.
If a large amount of inorganic matter materials which cannot be pyrolyzed are accumulated in the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is reversed, in the discharging state, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 sequentially rotates to the positions 2-1 to 2-4 shown in fig. 7, when the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 rotates to the position 2-3 shown in fig. 7, the discharging door is opened, and the materials which cannot be pyrolyzed are discharged from the carbon residue discharging port. The pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 can discharge materials without stopping, and the production efficiency is high. And a large number of experiments prove that the materials cannot fall out of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 under the positions 1-1, 1-2, 1-4, 2-1, 2-2 and 2-4 shown in figure 7.
Part of pyrolysis gas can be discharged from a slag discharge port in the rotation process of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and is combusted in the kiln shell 4, so that heat energy is provided for pyrolysis, drying and firing in the kiln shell 4.
On the basis of any one of the above schemes, the kiln furnace further comprises a chain grate furnace 6, one end of the chain grate furnace 6 is fixed in the kiln shell 4 and is positioned below the slag discharge hole, and the other end of the chain grate furnace extends out of the kiln shell 4.
Specifically, the one end correspondence of chain bar furnace 6 is located the below of carbon sediment discharge port, and on the carbon sediment fell chain bar furnace 6, the burning released heat and further heated the inner chamber of kiln casing 4, and the carbon sediment after the burning was seen off kiln casing 4 by chain bar furnace, and the material of the unable pyrolysis in the pyrolysis reation kettle 1 also is seen off from the carbon sediment discharge port, is seen off kiln casing 4 by chain bar furnace.
On the basis of any scheme, the device further comprises a carbon powder spiral guiding device 7, one end of the carbon powder spiral guiding device 7 is communicated with the other end of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, and the other end of the carbon powder spiral guiding device extends out of the kiln shell 4.
Specifically, carbon powder spiral derivation equipment 7 and pyrolytic reaction cauldron 1 coaxial setting connect through the bearing between the two, and like this, pyrolytic reaction cauldron 1 can normally rotate, and carbon powder spiral derivation equipment 7 is fixed motionless.
Specifically, the carbon powder spiral guiding-out device 7 is a spiral feeder.
A part of carbon slag in the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 can be led out of the kiln shell 4 through the carbon powder spiral leading-out equipment 7 and used for manufacturing ceramsite blanks, the carbon slag in the ceramsite is combusted at high temperature to form internal heat, high-temperature flue gas for firing the rotary kiln 2 becomes external heat, and the ceramsite is fired under the combined action.
On the basis of any scheme, the drying rotary kiln comprises a middle shell 8 and a middle blower 9, the other end of the drying rotary kiln 3 and the other end of the firing rotary kiln 2 both can rotatably extend into the middle shell 8 and are communicated through the middle shell 8, and the middle blower 9 is fixed on the side wall of the middle shell 8.
The material in the drying rotary kiln 3 falls into the firing rotary kiln 2 through the intermediate shell 8, and the intermediate blower 9 is used for supplying air to the firing rotary kiln 2 and the drying rotary kiln 3.
On the basis of any scheme, the kiln drying and firing rotary kiln comprises a feeding and discharging shell 10, wherein a feeding and discharging partition plate 11 is fixed in the middle of the feeding and discharging shell 10, the feeding and discharging partition plate 11 divides the feeding and discharging shell 10 into a feeding cavity located at the upper part and a discharging cavity located at the lower part, the top of the feeding and discharging shell 10 is provided with a drying feeding hole 302, the bottom of the drying feeding hole is provided with a product outlet 201, one end of the drying rotary kiln 3 can rotatably extend into the feeding cavity, and one end of the firing rotary kiln 2 can rotatably extend into the discharging cavity.
The material inlet and outlet shell 10 has a simple structure and is convenient to manufacture, install and maintain. Part of the biomass to be pyrolyzed may also be stored in the feed chamber.
On the basis of any one of the above schemes, the flue gas heating furnace further comprises a flue gas shell 13 and a combustion gun 14, a flue gas partition plate 15 is fixed in the middle of the flue gas shell 13, the flue gas partition plate 15 divides the flue gas shell 13 into a smoke exhaust cavity located on the upper portion and a gas inlet cavity located on the lower portion, the smoke exhaust cavity is communicated with the feeding cavity, the gas inlet cavity is communicated with the discharging cavity, the top of the flue gas shell 13 is provided with a flue gas outlet 301, the bottom of the flue gas shell 13 is provided with a pyrolysis gas inlet 202, and the combustion gun 14 is fixed in the gas inlet cavity at the inner side of the pyrolysis gas inlet 202.
The flue gas shell 13 has a simple structure and is convenient to manufacture, install and maintain. The burning gun 14 ignites the pyrolysis gas to remove dioxin in the pyrolysis gas, and heat released by the burning pyrolysis gas provides heat energy for the burning rotary kiln 2.
On the basis of any scheme, two feeding valves 12 for opening and closing the drying feed inlet 302 are arranged in the drying feed inlet 302.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, during feeding, the upper feeding valve 12 is opened, the lower feeding valve 12 is kept closed, and the material enters between the two feeding valves 12, and then the upper feeding valve 12 is closed and the lower feeding valve 12 is opened, so that the material enters into the feeding cavity. Thus, the two feeding valves 12 are alternately opened to complete feeding, and the pyrolysis gas can not be leaked from the drying feeding port. Further, the space between the two feeding valves 12 can be increased or decreased according to the amount of feeding required each time, and fig. 5 is only a schematic structural diagram.
On the basis of any scheme, as shown in fig. 1-4, the kiln shell 4 is a cuboid or a cylinder; the kiln shell 4 is provided with an insulating layer.
The first implementation mode comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 1, the kiln casing 4 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the pyrolysis reaction vessel 1 is located on one side of the rotary kiln 2, and the drying rotary kiln 3 is located above the middle between the pyrolysis reaction vessel 1 and the rotary kiln 2.
The second embodiment: as shown in fig. 2, the kiln shell 4 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the drying rotary kiln 3 is located right above the firing rotary kiln 2, and the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is located on one side of the firing rotary kiln 2 and the drying rotary kiln 3.
The third embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 3, the kiln shell 4 is a cylinder, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is arranged on one side of the rotary kiln 2, and the drying rotary kiln 3 is arranged above the middle between the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and the rotary kiln 2.
The fourth embodiment: as shown in fig. 4, the kiln shell 4 is a cylinder, the drying rotary kiln 3 is located right above the firing rotary kiln 2, and the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is located on one side of the firing rotary kiln 2 and the drying rotary kiln 3.
On the basis of any scheme, a plurality of spirally arranged material pushing plates are fixed in the drying rotary kiln 3 and the firing rotary kiln 2.
The material pushing plate pushes the material, and the material moves along the axis of the kiln along with the rotation of the drying rotary kiln 3 and the firing rotary kiln 2. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the material moves from right to left in the drying rotary kiln 3, falls down to the left end of the firing rotary kiln 2 in the intermediate housing 8, enters the firing rotary kiln 2, and moves from left to right in the firing rotary kiln 2.
Furthermore, a pushing device can be additionally arranged at the lower part of the middle shell 8 and used for pushing the materials into the firing rotary kiln 2, and the pushing device can be a pushing plate which can move in a reciprocating manner from side to side or rotate clockwise towards the other end of the firing rotary kiln 2.
On the basis of any one of the above schemes, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 comprises a reaction kettle barrel body, a reaction kettle feeding cylinder 103 and a reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder 104, wherein one end of the reaction kettle feeding cylinder 103 is provided with the biomass feeding port 102, one end of the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder 104 is provided with the pyrolysis gas outlet port 101, the reaction kettle feeding cylinder 103 and the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder 104 are fixedly arranged, the other end of the reaction kettle feeding cylinder is communicated with the reaction kettle barrel body, the reaction kettle feeding cylinder 103 is positioned in the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder 104, one end of the reaction kettle feeding cylinder extends out of the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder 104, the reaction kettle barrel body is rotatably arranged in the kiln shell 4, and one end of the reaction kettle barrel body is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the other end of the reaction gas outlet cylinder 104.
Specifically, the side wall of the reaction kettle barrel body is provided with the slag discharge hole. One end of the carbon powder spiral guiding-out equipment 7 is communicated with the other end of the reaction kettle barrel body.
The reactor feed cylinder 103 and the reactor vent cylinder 104 may be coaxially disposed, or eccentrically disposed.
Pyrolysis gas of the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder 104 is extracted by the pyrolysis exhaust fan 16, and the double-cylinder sleeving design of the reaction kettle feeding cylinder 103 and the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder 104 is adopted, the inner reaction kettle feeding cylinder 103 feeds, and the interlayer between the reaction kettle feeding cylinder 103 and the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder 104 discharges pyrolysis gas, so that negative pressure is formed in the reaction kettle barrel body, and pyrolysis gasification is realized. Compared with positive-pressure pyrolysis, the method greatly improves the material thermal conversion capacity of unit pyrolysis reaction kettle volume, and provides high enough temperature and enough heat for firing the ceramsite.
The pyrolysis exhaust fan 16 may be directly connected to the pyrolysis gas exhaust port 101 at one end of the reaction kettle outlet cylinder 104, or, as shown in fig. 6, one end of the reaction kettle outlet cylinder 104 is connected to an inlet of the pyrolysis exhaust fan 16 through a pipeline, and the pyrolysis gas exhaust port 101 is formed at an outlet of the pyrolysis exhaust fan 16.
In a specific embodiment of the pyrolysis melting kiln, in the firing rotary kiln 2, crude fuel gas generated by pyrolysis gasification is directly combusted to generate heat, and the temperature in the firing rotary kiln 2 reaches over 1300 ℃. Through the heat conduction of the side wall of the firing rotary kiln 2, heat is radiated into the kiln shell 4, and the carbon slag discharged by the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is combusted on the chain grate furnace 6 to release heat, so that the temperature in the kiln shell 4 reaches over 800 ℃. The heat of the kiln shell 4 is transferred through the side wall of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 to provide heat energy for pyrolysis, and under the action of negative pressure in the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, hot gas enters the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 from a slag discharge hole in the side wall of the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1, so that the temperature in the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 reaches over 600 ℃. The heat is transferred in the drying rotary kiln 3 through the temperature side wall of the kiln shell 4 and the high-temperature smoke in the firing rotary kiln 2 is directly discharged, so that larger drying heat energy is provided, and the moderate (less than or equal to 500 ℃) drying temperature is maintained. The temperatures in the four cavities of the firing rotary kiln 2, the kiln shell 4, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and the drying rotary kiln 3 can be reasonably matched, heat can be fully utilized, and the flow velocity of pyrolysis gas or flue gas can be controlled by controlling the air speed of a corresponding fan, so that the reaction rates in the firing rotary kiln 2, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and the drying rotary kiln 3 can be adjusted.
The design of the invention effectively reduces the cost of equipment manufacturing materials. In order to maintain the high temperature environment inside the rotary kiln 2, the high temperature inside the kiln shell 4 is usually required to be maintained to be above 1300 ℃, and in order to withstand the extremely high temperature, the rotary kiln 2, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and the drying rotary kiln 3 in the prior art are all made of expensive special alloy materials, so that the equipment cost is greatly increased. The pyrolysis melting kiln of the invention is adopted, except that the firing rotary kiln 2 is made of special alloy materials, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and the drying rotary kiln 3 are in a rotary state, are uniformly heated and have good heat resistance, and can be made of boiler steel Q245R or other common alloy materials, thereby greatly reducing the equipment manufacturing cost.
In order to utilize the heat of the chain grate 6, the skilled person can only conceive of rotatably mounting the firing rotary kiln 2, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and the drying rotary kiln 3 independently of each other in the same kiln shell 4, so as to achieve the effect of heat preservation and heat transfer. However, this design has no convection of internal gas, the heat transfer efficiency of the rotary kiln 2, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and the drying rotary kiln 3 is only related to the conductivity coefficient and area of the respective side wall materials, and the reaction rate in the rotary kiln 2, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and the drying rotary kiln 3 is uncontrollable. The heat in the firing rotary kiln 2, the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and the drying rotary kiln 3 is provided by burning carbon slag (discharged from a slag discharge hole) in the kiln shell 4 in a chain grate 6, and the temperature in the kiln shell 4 is controlled to be about 800 ℃ usually, so that the temperature in the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 and the drying rotary kiln 3 can be reasonably matched, and the two parts cannot be made of expensive special alloy materials. The firing rotary kiln 2 is only supplied with heat by the kiln shell 4, the temperature inside the firing rotary kiln is necessarily lower than that of the kiln shell 4, and can only reach about 600 ℃, and the temperature required by the vitrification of the ceramsite cannot be reached. Correspondingly, the temperature in the pyrolysis reaction kettle 1 is lower than that of the kiln shell 4, the heat energy is limited, only pure pyrolysis (also called dry distillation) can be realized, the biomass processing capacity and the heat supply capacity are insufficient, and the pyrolysis reaction kettle cannot be applied to industrial production. The pyrolysis melting kiln breaks through the inherent thought of the prior art, utilizes the modes of side wall heat conduction and internal pyrolysis gas convection to realize the production of the vitrified ceramsite by using biomass as a heat source, and reduces the operation cost. The treatment capacity is increased, and the heat energy utilization rate is improved.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing vitrified ceramsite by using a biomass heat source is characterized by comprising a pyrolysis reaction kettle (1), a drying rotary kiln (3), a firing rotary kiln (2) and a kiln shell (4), wherein the pyrolysis reaction kettle (1), the drying rotary kiln (3) for conveying ceramsite and the firing rotary kiln (2) are rotatably arranged in the kiln shell (4), the drying rotary kiln (3) is positioned above the firing rotary kiln (2),
one end of the drying rotary kiln (3) is provided with a flue gas outlet (301) and a sealable drying feed inlet (302), a flue gas exhaust fan (5) is fixed in the flue gas outlet (301), one end of the firing rotary kiln (2) is provided with a product outlet (201) and a pyrolysis gas inlet (202), the other end of the drying rotary kiln (3) is communicated with the other end of the firing rotary kiln (2),
one end of the pyrolysis reaction kettle (1) is provided with a pyrolysis gas discharge port (101) and a biomass feeding port (102) which can be closed, a pyrolysis exhaust fan (16) is fixed in the pyrolysis gas discharge port (101), the pyrolysis gas discharge port (101) is communicated with the pyrolysis gas inlet (202), and the side wall of the pyrolysis reaction kettle (1) is provided with a slag discharge hole.
2. The pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing the vitrified haydite by using the biomass heat source as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a slag discharge door, wherein a carbon slag discharge port is formed in the side wall at the other end of the pyrolysis reaction kettle (1), the slag discharge door is arranged on the inner side of the pyrolysis reaction kettle (1), one side of the slag discharge door is hinged to the carbon slag discharge port along any one side of the circumference of the pyrolysis reaction kettle (1), the slag discharge door can rotate to abut against the inner wall of the pyrolysis reaction kettle (1) and block the carbon slag discharge port, or can rotate to make the carbon slag discharge port communicate with the inner side and the outer side of the pyrolysis reaction kettle (1), and the slag discharge door is provided with a plurality of slag discharge holes.
3. The pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing the vitrified haydite from the biomass heat source according to claim 1, further comprising a chain grate furnace (6), wherein one end of the chain grate furnace (6) is fixed in the kiln shell (4) and is positioned below the deslagging hole, and the other end of the chain grate furnace extends out of the kiln shell (4).
4. The pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing the vitrified haydite by using the biomass heat source as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a carbon powder spiral leading-out device (7), wherein one end of the carbon powder spiral leading-out device (7) is communicated with the other end of the pyrolysis reaction kettle (1), and the other end thereof extends out of the kiln shell (4).
5. The pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing the vitrified haydite by using the biomass heat source as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an intermediate shell (8) and an intermediate blower (9), wherein the other end of the drying rotary kiln (3) and the other end of the firing rotary kiln (2) both rotatably extend into the intermediate shell (8) and are communicated through the intermediate shell (8), and the intermediate blower (9) is fixed on the side wall of the intermediate shell (8).
6. The pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing vitrified haydite from biomass heat source according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by further comprising a material inlet and outlet housing (10), wherein a material inlet and outlet clapboard (11) is fixed in the middle of the material inlet and outlet housing (10), and the material inlet and outlet clapboard (11) is used for arranging the material inlet and outlet housing
(10) The drying device is divided into a feeding cavity positioned at the upper part and a discharging cavity positioned at the lower part, the top of the feeding and discharging shell (10) is provided with the drying feeding hole (302), the bottom of the feeding and discharging shell is provided with the product outlet (201), one end of the drying rotary kiln (3) can rotatably extend into the feeding cavity, and one end of the firing rotary kiln (2) can rotatably extend into the discharging cavity.
7. The pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing vitrified haydites from biomass heat sources according to claim 6, further comprising a flue gas shell (13) and a combustion lance (14), wherein a flue gas partition plate (15) is fixed in the middle of the flue gas shell (13), the flue gas partition plate (15) divides the flue gas shell (13) into a smoke exhaust cavity located at the upper part and an air inlet cavity located at the lower part, the smoke exhaust cavity is communicated with the feed cavity, the air inlet cavity is communicated with the discharge cavity, the flue gas outlet (301) is arranged at the top of the flue gas shell (13), the pyrolysis gas inlet (202) is arranged at the bottom of the flue gas shell (13), and the combustion lance (14) is fixed inside the pyrolysis gas inlet (202) of the air inlet cavity.
8. The pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing vitrified haydite from biomass heat source as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, wherein two opening/closing devices are arranged in the drying inlet (302)
A feed valve (12) for the dry feed inlet (302).
9. The pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing vitrified haydite from biomass heat source according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the kiln shell (4) is a cuboid or a cylinder; the kiln shell (4) is provided with an insulating layer; a plurality of spirally arranged material pushing plates are fixed in the drying rotary kiln (3) and the firing rotary kiln (2).
10. The pyrolysis melting kiln for manufacturing the vitrified porcelain granules by using the biomass heat source according to any one of claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the pyrolysis reaction kettle (1) comprises a reaction kettle barrel body, a reaction kettle feeding cylinder (103) and a reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder (104), one end of the reaction kettle feeding cylinder (103) is provided with the biomass feeding port (102), one end of the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder (104) is provided with the pyrolysis gas outlet (101), the reaction kettle feeding cylinder (103) and the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder (104) are both fixedly arranged, the other ends of the reaction kettle feeding cylinder and the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder are both communicated with the reaction kettle barrel body, the reaction kettle feeding cylinder (103) is positioned in the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder (104), one end of the reaction kettle extends out of the reaction kettle gas outlet cylinder (104), the reaction kettle barrel body is rotatably arranged in the kiln shell (4), one end of the reaction kettle barrel body is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the other end of the reaction kettle gas outlet barrel (104).
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| CN102966954B (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2015-12-09 | 王雄鹰 | Pyrolysis melting kiln and prepare pottery and the method for fuel oil by pyrolysis rubbish |
| US9745516B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2017-08-29 | All Power Labs, Inc. | Simultaneous pyrolysis and communition for fuel flexible gasification and pyrolysis |
| CN110655339A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-07 | 湖南万容科技股份有限公司 | Process method for preparing ceramsite by sludge and inorganic solid waste |
| CN112880394B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-08-30 | 山东义科节能科技股份有限公司 | Kiln system and method for firing ceramsite containing heat value raw material and by-producing waste heat |
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