CN113443812A - Method for quickly adjusting flocculation condition and filter-pressing dehydration process of blue algae mud - Google Patents

Method for quickly adjusting flocculation condition and filter-pressing dehydration process of blue algae mud Download PDF

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CN113443812A
CN113443812A CN202110885225.XA CN202110885225A CN113443812A CN 113443812 A CN113443812 A CN 113443812A CN 202110885225 A CN202110885225 A CN 202110885225A CN 113443812 A CN113443812 A CN 113443812A
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刘和
郑志永
杨文杰
张业帆
崔敏华
曹启浩
潘辉
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Jiangnan University
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    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for quickly adjusting the flocculation condition of blue algae mud and a filter-pressing dehydration process, which comprises the following steps: data acquisition: under the condition that the cyanobacteria mud has the same water content and different amounts of flocculating agents are added, data for limiting the specific resistance of the filter cake, the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake and the specific resistance of the produced filter cake are obtained through analysis and measurement respectively. Establishing a model: fitting analysis of experimental data and a mathematical model is carried out, and the mathematical model between the specific resistance of the filter cake and the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake is defined under the condition of different addition amounts of the flocculating agent; using the model: and calculating the addition amount of the required flocculating agent according to a mathematical model, adding the flocculating agent into the blue algae mud, stirring and mixing, and pumping into a plate-and-frame filter press for filter pressing and dewatering. Higher economic cost is often needed when the optimal dehydration rate and the water content of a filter cake are sought, so that in the actual filter pressing process, flocculation conditions need to be adjusted and controlled according to the properties of raw materials, the economic cost is minimized on the premise of achieving the target dehydration performance, and the balance between the dehydration performance and the economic cost is sought.

Description

Method for quickly adjusting flocculation condition and filter-pressing dehydration process of blue algae mud
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, in particular to a method for quickly adjusting the flocculation condition of blue algae mud and a filter pressing dehydration process.
Background
Blue-green algae, also known as blue-green algae, is a large unicellular prokaryotic organism capable of performing aerobic photosynthesis. When the water body is eutrophicated, the blue algae can be explosively propagated to cause obvious water color change and form or float on the water surface with thin or thick green or other colors. The cyanobacterial bloom is a manifestation of deterioration of the ecological environment of the water body, can cause death of animals and plants in the water, causes blackening and smelling of the water body, and has adverse effects on the ornamental value of the water body. The water content of the salvaged algae water is generally about 99 percent. After the fishing is finished, the blue algae is transported to a blue algae fishing station nearby, and the continuous centrifuge is adopted to carry out primary algae-laden water separation to form blue algae mud, wherein the water content of the blue algae mud can be reduced to 85% -90%. The blue algae mud needs to be deeply dehydrated to reduce the water content to about 65 percent, and then can be further treated to achieve harmless or resource utilization. The subsequent treatment comprises aerobic composting, drying incineration or biochar preparation and the like.
The extracellular capsular polysaccharide in a gel state exists outside the cyanobacteria cells, and in the nature, the cyanobacteria cells (such as microcystis aeruginosa) are aggregated together through the capsular polysaccharide which is insoluble in water to form large particles, so that the large particles can be prevented from being ingested by planktonic animals. Due to the existence of a large amount of exopolysaccharides, the filter-pressing specific resistance of the cyanobacteria mud is extremely large, and if the filter-pressing specific resistance of the cyanobacteria mud is directly measured, a solid filter cake is often difficult to form and exceeds the upper limit of a specific resistance measuring instrument. In the practical engineering application process, the main flocculating agents for deeply dehydrating the blue algae mud comprise calcium oxide, ferric chloride, polyaluminium chloride, polyferric sulfate, polyacrylamide and the like. Due to different seasons, fishing points, pretreatment processes and temporary storage time, the blue algae mud obtained by harvesting and primary separation has different dehydration performances, the difference of initial filter pressing specific resistance values is more than 5-20 times, great difficulty is brought to the concentrated deep dehydration treatment of the blue algae mud due to great fluctuation of the properties of raw materials, the difficulty degree of dehydration of the collected blue algae mud cannot be judged in real time in the flocculation conditioning process, and the flocculating agent formula and the filter pressing process are difficult to adjust according to the properties of the raw materials. In the actual production process, the dewatering speed is not as fast as possible, and the water content of the filter cake is closely related to the flocculation condition and the dewatering process. Seeking the optimum dewatering rate and water content of the filter cake often requires higher economic costs, and therefore in practical filter pressing processes, flocculation conditions need to be adjusted and controlled depending on the nature of the raw material.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a method for quickly adjusting the flocculation condition of the blue algae mud and the filter-pressing dehydration process, which minimizes the economic cost and seeks the balance between the dehydration performance and the economic cost on the premise of achieving the target dehydration performance by data acquisition, model establishment and model use.
The specific technical scheme is as follows: a method for rapidly adjusting flocculation conditions and a filter-pressing dehydration process of blue algae mud comprises the following steps:
data acquisition: under the condition that the cyanobacteria mud has the same water content and different amounts of flocculating agents are added, data for limiting the specific resistance of the filter cake, the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake and the specific resistance of the produced filter cake are obtained through analysis and measurement respectively.
Establishing a model: fitting analysis of experimental data and a mathematical model is carried out, and the mathematical model between the specific resistance of the filter cake and the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake is defined under the condition of different addition amounts of the flocculating agent;
using the model: and calculating the addition amount of the required flocculating agent according to a mathematical model, adding the flocculating agent into the blue algae mud, stirring and mixing, and pumping into a plate-and-frame filter press for filter pressing and dewatering.
Further, data acquisition: under the condition that the cyanobacteria mud has the same water content and different amounts of flocculating agents are added, data for limiting the specific resistance of the filter cake, the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake and the specific resistance of the produced filter cake are obtained through respective analysis and measurement, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
adjusting the water content of the blue algae mud raw material, measuring and limiting the Specific Resistance (SRF) of the filter caked): firstly, adjusting the water content of the cyanobacteria mud to a first water content, adding a certain amount of water to adjust the water content of the cyanobacteria mud to a limit value, then adding a certain amount of ferric chloride and calcium oxide, stirring and mixing, measuring the specific resistance of a filter cake, wherein the obtained specific resistance of the filter cake is the specific resistance of the limited filter cake (SRF)d)；
Adjusting the raw material of the blue algae mud to a first water content, and measuring the Specific Resistance (SRF) of the experimental filter caked): under the condition of adding different amounts of flocculating agents, measuring the specific resistance of an experimental filter cake of the blue algae mud, wherein the addition amount of calcium oxide is 10-50% of the dry weight of the blue algae mud, the addition amount of ferric chloride is 2-8% of the dry weight of the blue algae mud, stirring and mixing, measuring the specific resistance of the filter cake, and obtaining the specific resistance of the filter cake, namely the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake (SRF)e)；
Adjusting the cyanobacteria mud in the production workshop to a first water content, and measuring the Specific Resistance (SRF) of the produced filter cakep): adding CaO and FeCl into the blue algae mud3Stirring and mixing, conveying into a plate-and-frame filter press by a screw pump, and obtaining the Specific Resistance (SRF) of the produced filter cake according to a basic filtration equationp)。
Further, a model is established: through the fitting analysis of experimental data and mathematical model, establish the different addition flocculant conditions, inject the mathematical model between filter cake specific resistance and experiment filter cake specific resistance, specifically include:
SRFe＝0.241×SRFd×G-1.04F-0.0371 (a)
wherein G is the addition amount (%) of calcium oxide, SRFdDefined Filter cake specific resistance (m/kg), SRF, for blue algae mudeFor the experiment of the specific resistance (m/kg) of the filter cake, F is the addition amount (%) of ferric chloride, and 0.211, -1.04 and-0.0371 are model parameters obtained by fitting experimental data with a mathematical model.
Further, after the same amount of flocculant was added to the same cyanobacterial sludge raw material, the experimental filter cake specific resistance (SRFe) and the production filter cake Specific Resistance (SRF) were measured respectivelyp) Obtaining a mathematical model equation of correlation
SRFp＝0.877×SRFe (b)
Coefficient of correlation R20.93, from equations (a) and (b),
SRFp＝0.211×SRFd×G-1.04F-0.0371 (c)
further, using the model: calculating the addition of the required flocculating agent according to a mathematical model, adding the flocculating agent into the blue algae mud, stirring and mixing the flocculating agent, and pumping the mixture into a plate-and-frame filter press for filter pressing and dehydration, and specifically comprises the following steps:
in the production process of deep dehydration of the blue algae mud, adjusting the water content of the blue algae mud, adding water into the blue algae mud raw material to adjust the water content to 94-97%, converting according to a formula (c), substituting into a production filter cake specific resistance target value to obtain a formula model formula (d), calculating the using amount of a flocculating agent, adding the flocculating agent, and stirring and mixing;
Figure BDA0003194312520000031
wherein G is the addition amount (%) of calcium oxide; SRFdDefined Filter cake specific resistance (m/kg), SRF, for blue algae mudp，tThe specific resistance (m/kg) of the blue algae mud filter cake acceptable for a production workshop, namely the target value of the specific resistance of the produced filter cake, is generally 5-10 multiplied by 1011m/kg; f is the addition amount of ferric chloride, and the general dosage of the F is 2-8% of the dry weight of the blue algae mud.
Further, the filter-pressing dehydration conditions are as follows: gradually increasing the pressure of the filter pressing to 0.2MPa, 0.4MPa, 0.6MPa, 0.8MPa and 1.0MPa, carrying out filter pressing dehydration, and discharging the filter cake after the filter pressing is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention establishes the method for directly calculating and producing the specific resistance of the filter cake (SRF) by utilizing the real-time data of the feeding flow, the real-time data of the feeding pressure and the water content of the raw material under the industrial production scalep) The method can obtain the specific resistance data of the produced filter cake immediately after the pressure filtration and constant pressure stage, and does not depend on the integral completion of the pressure filtration, and then the filter frame is opened to extract the filter cakeThe water content of the obtained filter cake can be measured later, and the specific resistance of the produced filter cake can be quickly obtained;
2. the invention is realized by limiting the specific resistance of filter cake (SRF)d) The flocculating agent formula, the experimental filter cake specific resistance and the production filter cake specific resistance are subjected to mathematical modeling, the flocculating agent adding formula suitable for different blue algae mud and the production filter cake specific resistance predicted value are obtained through reverse calculation, the blue algae mud dehydration process can be rapidly optimized according to the raw material characteristics of the blue algae mud, and the predictability and the economic benefit of the blue algae mud filtration process are improved;
3. the process is suitable for the sludge raw material with unstable dehydration performance or the sludge raw material with easily changed source and composition, and has wide industrial application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the technological process of fast regulating the pressure filtering and dewatering performance of blue algae mud and implementing the pressure filtering and dewatering.
FIG. 2 shows a certain batch of filter pressing process in a production workshop: (a) feed flow curve, (b) VoutAnd t/VoutA curve; qinIs the feed flow (m)3/h)，VoutIs the cumulative volume of filtrate (m)3) And P is the operating pressure (MPa).
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms referred to in this application are explained as follows:
limiting filter cake Specific Resistance (SRF)d): the actual filter cake specific resistance value of the cyanobacteria mud is larger and exceeds the specific resistance measurement range of a common filtration experiment. Therefore, the preset flocculant formula is adopted, and the specific resistance of the obtained filter cake is measured after flocculation and filter pressing operations are carried out on the cyanobacteria mud raw material, so that the specific resistance is used for evaluating the dehydration performance of the cyanobacteria mud. The specific resistance measurement condition of the limited filter cake is that the blue algae mud is diluted to the water content of94 percent, then adding iron chloride and calcium oxide (such as 20 percent) with a limited dry weight (such as 5 percent) of the cyanobacteria mud, stirring and mixing, and performing filter pressing by using a filter pressing funnel to obtain a filter cake with a limited specific resistance.
Experimental Filter cake Specific Resistance (SRF)e): in order to establish a mathematical model under experimental conditions, blue algae mud is diluted, a flocculating agent is added, and the like, and the specific resistance obtained by measuring under different experimental conditions is the experimental filter cake specific resistance.
Production of filter cake Specific Resistance (SRF)p): and (3) under the scale of a production workshop, adopting a large-scale filter pressing device, and carrying out real-time calculation according to the real-time data of the feeding flow, the real-time data of the feeding pressure, the performance parameters of the plate frame machine, the water content of the filter cake and the like to obtain the specific resistance of the produced filter cake.
Production filter cake specific resistance target (SRF)p，t): in the production process, excessive flocculant is added, so that the specific resistance of a produced filter cake is too low, and the waste of raw materials is caused; and too little flocculant can result in too high specific resistance of the produced filter cake, too long a filtering operation time and low production efficiency. According to production experience, reasonably producing a filter cake specific resistance target value SRFp，tIn the range of 5 to 10 x 1011m/kg, and preferably, the specific target value can be adjusted according to the treatment task and the dehydration difficulty of the blue algae mud. If the dehydration task of the blue algae mud is less, a higher target value is preferably selected, and if the dehydration task is higher, a lower target value is preferably selected.
Filter cake specific resistance analog value: and calculating a filter cake specific resistance simulation value through a mathematical model equation according to the mathematical relationship among the specific resistance of the limited filter cake, the type and the addition of the flocculating agent and the experimental filter cake specific resistance.
Example 1
The mathematical acquisition and modeling process specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) accurately weighing a certain volume of blue algae mud, adding water to adjust the water content to 94% (w), adding ferric chloride with the dry matter concentration of 5%, stirring for 10min, then adding calcium oxide with the dry matter concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%, continuously stirring for 10min, respectively loading 90g of the mixture into a filter pressing funnel for filter pressing after the treatment is completed, recording the volumes of filtrates at different times, and calculating the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake.
(2) Accurately weighing a certain volume of blue algae mud, adding water to adjust the water content to 94% (w), respectively adding ferric chloride with dry matter concentration of 3%, 5%, 7%, 9% and 11%, stirring for 10min, then adding calcium oxide with dry matter concentration of 30%, continuously stirring for 10min, respectively taking 90g of the mixture after the treatment is finished, loading the mixture into a filter-pressing funnel, performing filter-pressing to record the volumes of filtrate at different times, and calculating the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake.
(3) Recording the specific resistance of the experimental filter cakes under the conditions of adding different calcium oxides and different ferric chlorides, fitting the equation,
SRFe＝k·SRFd·GxFy (e)
g is the addition amount (%) of calcium oxide and F is the addition amount (%) of ferric chloride. The fitting parameters of the equation are obtained as k is 0.241, x is-1.04, y is-0.0371, and the fitting correlation coefficient R is2＝0.927。
(4) After the same amount of flocculant is added to the same raw material of cyanobacteria mud, the specific resistance of experimental filter cake (SRF) is measured respectivelye) And production of filter cake Specific Resistance (SRF)p) And the two are found to have obvious correlation, and the mathematical model equation for obtaining the correlation is as follows,
SRFp＝m×SRFe (f)
the fitting parameter of the equation is obtained as m is 0.877, and the correlation coefficient R is fitted2＝0.93。
Example 2
In the operation process of a production workshop, the control center automatically records the real-time flow data of the screw feeding pump; automatic record filter-pressing in-process flow QinAccording to the feed rate QinAnd time t, for feed flow QinThe integral of the time t is calculated to obtain the feed volume Vin(ii) a According to the law of conservation of mass, deducting the volume of filter cavity of filter press to obtain volume V of filtrateoutCurve with time t (fig. 2a), fig. 2b is t/V calculated from the feed flow and time curve derivationoutAnd VoutThe process curve of (2). And when the pressure is constant, t/VoutAnd VoutThere is a linear relationship between them, and the specific resistance to filter cake (SRFp) produced can be solved according to the basic filtration equation, which is known in the art.
According to the process route shown in figure 1, the operation steps are as follows:
(1) analyzing the water content of the cyanobacteria mud transported to a processing center by a certain cyanobacteria water separation station and measuring the specific resistance of a limited filter cake, wherein the water content is 90 percent, and the specific resistance of the limited filter cake is 8.3 multiplied by 1011m/kg. The specific resistance target value of the filter cake in the workshop is 10 multiplied by 1011m/kg, setting the dosage of ferric chloride to be 5%, and calculating the dosage of the obtained calcium oxide to be 31.7% of the dry weight of the blue algae mud according to the formula (e) and the formula (f).
(2) 50m3Diluting blue algae mud (with water content of 90%) to 94% with water, namely adding 667kg of water, 5kg of ferric chloride and 32kg of calcium oxide into each ton of blue algae mud, stirring and mixing, pumping into a plate-and-frame filter press, gradually increasing the pressure of filter pressing under the conditions of 0.2MPa, 0.6MPa and 1.0MPa, carrying out algae pressing and dewatering operation, and finishing the filter pressing process after 1 h. The water content of the obtained filter cake is 60 percent, and the volume reduction rate of the blue algae mud is 65.8 percent.
Example 3
According to the process route shown in figure 1, the operation steps are as follows:
(1) analyzing the water content of the cyanobacteria mud transported to a processing center by a certain cyanobacteria water separation station and measuring the specific resistance of a limited filter cake, wherein the water content is 88 percent, and the specific resistance of the limited filter cake is 15 multiplied by 1011m/kg. The specific resistance target value of the filter cake in the workshop is 10 multiplied by 1011m/kg, setting the dosage of ferric chloride to be 8%, and calculating the dosage of the obtained calcium oxide to be 55% of the dry weight of the blue algae mud according to the formula (e) and the formula (f).
(2) Will be 40m3Diluting blue algae mud (water content 88%) with water to 94%, namely adding 1000kg of water, 9.6kg of ferric chloride and 66kg of calcium oxide into each ton of blue algae mud, stirring and mixing, pumping into a plate-and-frame filter press, gradually increasing the filter pressing pressure under the conditions of 0.2MPa, 0.4MPa, 0.6MPa, 0.8MPa and 1.0MPa, carrying out algae pressing and dewatering operation, and finishing the filter pressing process after 1.2 h. The water content of the obtained filter cake is 61.5 percent, and the volume reduction rate of the blue algae mud is 49.1 percent.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A method for rapidly adjusting flocculation conditions and a filter-pressing dehydration process of blue algae mud is characterized by comprising the following steps:
data acquisition: respectively analyzing and measuring to obtain data for limiting the specific resistance of the filter cake, the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake and the specific resistance of the produced filter cake under the conditions that the cyanobacteria mud has the same water content and different amounts of flocculating agents are added;
establishing a model: fitting analysis of experimental data and a mathematical model is carried out, and the mathematical model between the specific resistance of the filter cake and the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake is defined under the condition of different addition amounts of the flocculating agent;
using the model: and calculating the addition amount of the required flocculating agent according to a mathematical model, adding the flocculating agent into the blue algae mud, stirring and mixing, and pumping into a plate-and-frame filter press for filter pressing and dewatering.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the measuring data of the specific resistance of the filter cake, the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake and the specific resistance of the produced filter cake under the conditions that the cyanobacteria mud has the same water content and different amounts of the flocculating agent are added comprises the following steps:
adjusting the water content of the blue algae mud raw material, and measuring SRFd: firstly, adjusting the water content of the cyanobacteria mud to a first water content, adding water to adjust the water content of the cyanobacteria mud to a limit value, then adding quantitative ferric chloride and calcium oxide, stirring and mixing, measuring the specific resistance of a filter cake, wherein the obtained specific resistance of the filter cake is SRFd；
Adjusting the raw material of the blue algae mud to a first water content, and measuring SRFd: under the condition of adding different amounts of flocculating agentMeasuring the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake of the cyanobacteria mud, wherein the addition amount of calcium oxide is 10-50% of the dry weight of the cyanobacteria mud, the addition amount of ferric chloride is 2-8% of the dry weight of the cyanobacteria mud, stirring and mixing, measuring the specific resistance of the filter cake, and obtaining the specific resistance of the filter cake, namely the SRFe；
Adjusting the cyanobacteria mud of the production workshop to a first water content, and measuring SRFp: adding CaO and FeCl3 into the blue algae mud, stirring and mixing, conveying the mixture into a plate-and-frame filter press by using a screw pump, and obtaining SRFp according to a basic filtration equation;
the SRFdTo define the specific resistance of the filter cake, the SRFeFor experimental filter cake specific resistance, the SRFpTo produce a filter cake specific resistance.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the mathematical model for limiting the specific resistance of the filter cake and the specific resistance of the experimental filter cake under the condition of different addition amounts of the flocculant is established through fitting analysis of experimental data and the mathematical model, and specifically comprises the following steps:
SRFe＝0.241×SRFd×G-1.04F-0.0371 (a)
wherein G is the addition amount (%) of calcium oxide, SRFdDefined Filter cake specific resistance (m/kg), SRF, for blue algae mudeFor the experiment of the specific resistance (m/kg) of the filter cake, F is the addition amount (%) of ferric chloride, and 0.211, -1.04 and-0.0371 are model parameters obtained by fitting experimental data with a mathematical model.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the SRF is measured for the same cyanobacteria sludge raw material and the same amount of flocculant is addedeAnd SRFpObtaining a mathematical model equation of correlation
SRFp＝0.877×SRFe (b)
From equations (a) and (b),
SRFp＝0.211×SRFd×G-1.04F-0.0371 (c)。
5. the method according to claim 4, wherein the required addition amount of the flocculating agent is calculated according to a mathematical model, and the flocculating agent is added into the blue algae mud, stirred and mixed, and then pumped into a plate-and-frame filter press for filter pressing and dehydration, specifically:
in the production process of deep dehydration of the blue algae mud, adjusting the water content of the blue algae mud, adding water into the blue algae mud raw material to adjust the water content to 94-97%, converting according to a formula (c), substituting into a production filter cake specific resistance target value to obtain a formula model formula (d), calculating the using amount of a flocculating agent, adding the flocculating agent, and stirring and mixing;
Figure FDA0003194312510000021
wherein G is the addition amount (%) of calcium oxide; SRFdDefined Filter cake specific resistance (m/kg), SRF, for blue algae mudp，tThe specific resistance (m/kg) of the blue algae mud filter cake is acceptable for a production workshop, namely the specific resistance target value of the produced filter cake; f is the addition amount of ferric chloride.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the specific resistance target value of the produced filter cake is 5-10 x 1011m/kg; the addition amount of the ferric chloride is 2-8% of the dry weight of the blue algae mud.
7. The process according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the press-filtration dewatering conditions are: gradually increasing the pressure of the filter pressing to 0.2MPa, 0.4MPa, 0.6MPa, 0.8MPa and 1.0MPa, carrying out filter pressing dehydration, and discharging the filter cake after the filter pressing is finished.
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