CN113443792A - Zero-energy-consumption sewage treatment system for multistage subsurface flow constructed wetland - Google Patents
Zero-energy-consumption sewage treatment system for multistage subsurface flow constructed wetland Download PDFInfo
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- CN113443792A CN113443792A CN202110881673.2A CN202110881673A CN113443792A CN 113443792 A CN113443792 A CN 113443792A CN 202110881673 A CN202110881673 A CN 202110881673A CN 113443792 A CN113443792 A CN 113443792A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a zero-energy-consumption sewage treatment system for a multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland, which comprises the constructed wetland, wherein the constructed wetland is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the constructed wetland sequentially comprises a first biochar layer, a volcanic stone layer, a second biochar layer, a gravel layer and a sand layer from top to bottom, and wetland plants are planted in the first biochar layer; the water inlet is a water inlet channel which is arranged on the first biochar layer so as to introduce the water into the first biochar layer; the water outlet is a water outlet channel which is arranged at the bottom of the artificial wetland and communicated with the sand layer; the water dropping channel is arranged above the artificial wetland and is arranged above the water inlet channel, so that the water body in the water dropping channel can conveniently drop into the water inlet channel. The treatment system combines the topographic features of mountainous villages and towns, realizes zero-energy-consumption treatment of rural domestic sewage, and has high sewage treatment efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a zero-energy-consumption sewage treatment system for a multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland.
Background
Along with the improvement of rural urbanization and the living standard of farmers, the problem of effective treatment of domestic sewage in rural areas is increasingly prominent. And the drainage system of most villages and towns in China is incomplete, the sewage treatment facilities are few, and the topographic features of local villages and towns are not combined.
The artificial wetland is a technology for treating sewage and sludge by using the physical, chemical and biological triple synergistic action of soil, artificial medium, plants and microorganisms in the process of flowing along a certain direction by using sewage and sludge which are controllably dosed to the artificially constructed wetland from the artificially constructed and controlled-operation ground similar to the marshland. The constructed wetland has the advantages of simple structure, simple operation and maintenance, small investment and the like, and how to combine the topographic features of mountainous villages and towns develops a sewage treatment system to be suitable for rural domestic sewage treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland zero-energy-consumption sewage treatment system, which combines the terrain and the topography of mountainous villages and towns to realize zero-energy-consumption treatment of rural domestic sewage and has high sewage treatment efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland zero-energy consumption sewage treatment system comprises an constructed wetland, wherein the constructed wetland is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the constructed wetland comprises a first biochar layer, a volcanic stone layer, a second biochar layer, a gravel layer and a sand layer from top to bottom in sequence, and wetland plants are planted in the first biochar layer; the water inlet is a water inlet channel which is arranged on the first biochar layer so as to introduce the water into the first biochar layer; the water outlet is a water outlet channel which is arranged at the bottom of the artificial wetland and communicated with the sand layer so as to discharge the water body treated by the artificial wetland; the water dropping channel is arranged above the artificial wetland and is arranged above the water inlet channel, so that the water body in the water dropping channel can conveniently drop into the water inlet channel.
Furthermore, the number of the artificial wetlands is two, and the two artificial wetlands are respectively called as a first-stage artificial wetland and a second-stage artificial wetland; the water falling channel is positioned above the first-stage artificial wetland water inlet channel, so that the water in the water falling channel falls into the first-stage artificial wetland water inlet channel, the second-stage artificial wetland water inlet channel is positioned below the first-stage artificial wetland water outlet channel, and the water can fall into the second-stage artificial wetland water inlet channel from the first-stage artificial wetland water outlet channel conveniently.
Further, the thickness of the first biochar layer is 400-500 mm, and the density is 1.32-2.31 g/cm3(ii) a The thickness of the volcanic stone layer is 200-300 mm, and the particle size is 3-7 mm; the thickness of the second biochar layer is 120-270 mm, and the density of the second biochar layer is 1.56-2.12 g/cm3(ii) a The thickness of the gravel layer is 200-300 mm, and the particle size is 3-20 mm; the thickness of the sand layer is 150-300 mm, and the particle size is 0.1-4.25 mm.
Further, the wetland plant is one or two of reed or canna.
Further, the biochar in the first biochar layer and the second biochar layer is prepared by calcining straws produced by wetland plants as a raw material at 300-400 ℃ by using a zinc chloride solution with the mass fraction of 30% as an activating agent.
Furthermore, the height difference between the water dropping channel and the first-stage artificial wetland water inlet channel is more than or equal to 0.8 m.
Furthermore, the height difference between the first-stage artificial wetland water outlet channel and the second-stage artificial wetland water inlet channel is more than or equal to 0.6 m.
Furthermore, the water inlet channel comprises a water collecting tank and a plurality of water distribution pipes, the water collecting tank is positioned at one edge of the artificial wetland and corresponds to the edge length, all the water distribution pipes are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the water collecting tank, the upper ends of the water distribution pipes are communicated with the water collecting tank, and the lower ends of the water distribution pipes are inserted into the water body of the artificial wetland.
Further, the inlet channel and the outlet channel are arranged oppositely.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, by utilizing the terrain height difference, the water body falls into the first-stage artificial wetland from a high position, and the effluent of the first-stage artificial wetland falls into the second-stage artificial wetland in the same way, so that the drop aeration is realized, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the sewage is improved, and the removal of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matters and the like of the artificial wetland is favorably enhanced.
2. The artificial wetland comprises a first biochar layer, a volcano stone layer, a second biochar layer, a gravel layer and a sand layer from top to bottom, wherein the first biochar layer can efficiently filter particle impurities and the like in a water body, the biochar has large pores, the air permeability of the rhizosphere of wetland plants is greatly increased, oxygen is conveniently conveyed to the roots of the wetland plants, a good habitat for growth and reproduction of root microorganisms is provided, and the water conveying capacity of a medium can be enhanced and maintained, so that a good environment is provided for the growth of the wetland plants, and the BOD in the water body is promoted5The ammonia nitrogen in the water body can be oxidized into nitrate nitrogen at the same time; the volcanic rocks in the volcanic rock layer can adsorb impurities in the water body, so that the phosphorus in the water body can be removed; along with the flow of the water body to the bottom of the artificial wetland, the content of dissolved oxygen in the water body is reduced, the water body flows through the second biochar layer, and nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrogen through the biological denitrification effect, so that the aim of denitrification is fulfilled; the gravel layer and the sand layer carry out two-stage filtration on the water body to ensure the quality of the effluent.
3. The biochar is prepared from straws produced by wetland plants as raw materials, so that the condition that the straws enter the artificial wetland after being rotten to cause blockage of the artificial wetland is avoided, and resource utilization is realized.
4. The whole process of the invention is carried out spontaneously by means of gravitational potential energy, zero energy consumption operation is realized, and the operation cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1-schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2-schematic view of the structure of the water channel.
Wherein: 01-first stage artificial wetland; 02-second-stage artificial wetland; 1-a first biochar layer; 2-a volcanic stone layer; 3-a second biochar layer; 4-a gravel layer; 5-a sand layer; 6-wetland plants; 7-water drop; 8-water inlet channel; 81-a water collecting tank; 82-water distribution pipes; 9-water outlet channel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland zero-energy consumption sewage treatment system comprises an artificial wetland, wherein the artificial wetland is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the artificial wetland sequentially comprises a first biochar layer 1, a volcanic stone layer 2, a second biochar layer 3, a gravel layer 4 and a sand layer 5 from top to bottom, and wetland plants 6 are planted in the first biochar layer 1; the water inlet is an inlet channel 8, and the inlet channel 8 is arranged on the first biochar layer 1 so as to introduce water into the first biochar layer 1; the water outlet is a water outlet channel 9, the water outlet channel 9 is arranged at the bottom of the artificial wetland and is communicated with the sand layer 5 so as to discharge the water body treated by the artificial wetland; a water dropping channel 7 is arranged above the artificial wetland, the water dropping channel 7 is arranged above the water inlet channel 8, and the water body in the water dropping channel 7 can drop into the water inlet channel 8 conveniently.
The water body is pretreated before entering the sewage treatment system, the pretreated water body falls into the water inlet channel from the water falling channel at the high position from the outlet, and then the sewage in the water inlet channel is uniformly distributed by the plurality of water distribution pipes and sequentially flows through the first biochar layer, the volcanic stone layer, the second biochar layer, the gravel layer and the sand layer. In the process that a water body falls into an inlet channel from a drop channel, because water flow is divided into water drops by air resistance, the water drops are fully contacted with air, dissolved oxygen in the water body is increased, sewage in the inlet channel firstly enters a first biochar layer through a water distribution pipe, which is equivalent to an aerobic area, the first biochar layer can efficiently filter particle impurities and the like in the water body, the pores of the biochar are large, the air permeability of the rhizosphere of wetland plants is greatly increased, oxygen is conveniently conveyed to the roots of the wetland plants, good growth and breeding habitats are provided for the microorganisms at the roots, meanwhile, the water conveying capacity of media to water can be enhanced and maintained, and good environment is provided for the growth of the wetland plants, so that BOD in the water body is promoted5The removal and the degradation of organic matters, and the ammonia nitrogen in the water bodyOxidized into nitrate nitrogen. The treated sewage enters the volcanic rock layer, and volcanic rocks in the volcanic rock layer have an adsorption effect on impurities in the water body, so that phosphorus in the water body can be removed.
Along with the water body flowing to the bottom of the artificial wetland, the dissolved oxygen content in the water body is reduced, the water body flows through the second biochar layer, which is equivalent to an anoxic zone, and denitrifying bacteria in the anoxic zone convert nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen through biological denitrification, so that the aim of denitrification is fulfilled. The arrangement of the gravel layer and the sand layer is used for filtering the water body again.
In specific implementation, two artificial wetlands are provided, namely a first-stage artificial wetland 01 and a second-stage artificial wetland 02; the water dropping channel 7 is positioned above the water inlet channel 01 of the first-stage artificial wetland, so that the water in the water dropping channel 7 drops into the water inlet channel 01 of the first-stage artificial wetland, the water inlet channel 02 of the second-stage artificial wetland is positioned below the water outlet channel 01 of the first-stage artificial wetland, and the water can drop into the water inlet channel 02 of the second-stage artificial wetland conveniently from the water outlet channel 01 of the first-stage artificial wetland.
Therefore, in order to utilize the terrain height difference of mountain villages and towns to a greater extent, the first-stage artificial wetland is connected with the second-stage artificial wetland, the structure of the first-stage artificial wetland is the same as that of the first stage artificial wetland, and the main purpose is to enhance the sewage treatment effect and ensure the quality of the effluent water. The sewage treatment effect can be effectively improved through the two-stage artificial wetland, and meanwhile, the effluent of the first-stage artificial wetland enters the second-stage artificial wetland in a drop aeration mode, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water body of the second-stage artificial wetland is ensured, and the denitrification and descaling effects are improved.
In specific implementation, the thickness of the first biochar layer 1 is 400-500 mm, and the density is 1.32-2.31 g/cm3(ii) a The thickness of the volcanic stone layer 2 is 200-300 mm, and the particle size is 3-7 mm; the thickness of the second biochar layer 3 is 120-270 mm, and the density is 1.56-2.12 g/cm3(ii) a The thickness of the gravel layer 4 is 200-300 mm, and the particle size is 3-20 mm; the thickness of the sand layer 5 is 150-300 mm, and the particle size is 0.1-4.25 mm.
In specific implementation, the wetland plant 6 is one or two of reed or canna.
In specific implementation, the biochar in the first biochar layer 1 and the second biochar layer 3 is prepared by calcining straws produced by wetland plants as a raw material and a zinc chloride solution with the mass fraction of 30% as an activating agent at 300-400 ℃. After the raw materials are calcined, the organic humus is carbonized and cracked, so that the appearance and surface groups of the organic humus are obviously changed, more tiny gaps are generated, and the specific surface area of the finally obtained biochar can be increased by 4-6 times compared with the prior art.
If the straws produced by the wetland plants are not treated in time, the straws enter the artificial wetland and can be rotten after a long time to block the artificial wetland, so that the treatment capacity of the artificial wetland is influenced.
In specific implementation, the height difference between the water dropping channel 7 and the water inlet channel of the first-stage artificial wetland 01 is more than or equal to 0.8 m; the height difference between the water outlet channel of the first-stage artificial wetland 01 and the water inlet channel of the second-stage artificial wetland 02 is more than or equal to 0.6 m.
Thus, the drop aeration effect can be ensured.
In specific implementation, referring to fig. 2, the water inlet channel 8 includes a water collecting tank 81 and a plurality of water distribution pipes 82, the water collecting tank 81 is located at one edge of the artificial wetland and corresponds to the edge length, all the water distribution pipes 82 are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the water collecting tank 81, the upper ends of the water distribution pipes 82 are communicated with the water collecting tank 81, and the lower ends of the water distribution pipes are inserted into the water body of the artificial wetland.
Therefore, the water body can uniformly enter the artificial wetland, and the impact of the water body on the first biochar layer and wetland plants can be dispersed, so that the water body can more gently enter the artificial wetland.
In specific implementation, the water inlet channel 8 and the water outlet channel 9 are arranged oppositely.
Therefore, the retention time of the water body in the artificial wetland can be effectively increased, and the sewage treatment effect is enhanced.
Examples
The sewage in a certain rural area in Chongqing city is taken as a treatment object, and the inlet water quality is COD =260 mg/L, SS =180 mg/L, TP =10 mg/L, TN = 42 mg/L, NH3-N =45 mg/L. After raw sewage is pretreated by a septic tank and an oil separation regulating tank, the sewage treatment system is adoptedThe treatment was carried out with a residence time of 7 h. The COD of the treated effluent is less than or equal to 50 mg/L, TP and less than or equal to 2 mg/L, SS and less than or equal to 20 mg/L, NH3-N≤10 mg/L。
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned examples of the present invention are only examples for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Variations and modifications in other variations will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. All obvious changes and modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland zero-energy consumption sewage treatment system comprises an constructed wetland, wherein the constructed wetland is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and is characterized by comprising a first biochar layer, a volcanic stone layer, a second biochar layer, a gravel layer and a sand layer from top to bottom in sequence, and wetland plants are planted in the first biochar layer; the water inlet is a water inlet channel which is arranged on the first biochar layer so as to introduce the water into the first biochar layer; the water outlet is a water outlet channel which is arranged at the bottom of the artificial wetland and communicated with the sand layer so as to discharge the water body treated by the artificial wetland; the water dropping channel is arranged above the artificial wetland and is arranged above the water inlet channel, so that the water body in the water dropping channel can conveniently drop into the water inlet channel.
2. The system for treating sewage with zero energy consumption of the multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland according to claim 1, wherein two constructed wetlands are respectively called a first-stage constructed wetland and a second-stage constructed wetland; the water falling channel is positioned above the first-stage artificial wetland water inlet channel, so that the water in the water falling channel falls into the first-stage artificial wetland water inlet channel, the second-stage artificial wetland water inlet channel is positioned below the first-stage artificial wetland water outlet channel, and the water can fall into the second-stage artificial wetland water inlet channel from the first-stage artificial wetland water outlet channel conveniently.
3. According to the rightThe zero-energy-consumption sewage treatment system of the multistage subsurface flow constructed wetland according to claim 2, characterized in that the thickness of the first biochar layer is 400-500 mm, and the density is 1.32-2.31 g/cm3(ii) a The thickness of the volcanic stone layer is 200-300 mm, and the particle size is 3-7 mm; the thickness of the second biochar layer is 120-270 mm, and the density of the second biochar layer is 1.56-2.12 g/cm3(ii) a The thickness of the gravel layer is 200-300 mm, and the particle size is 3-20 mm; the thickness of the sand layer is 150-300 mm, and the particle size is 0.1-4.25 mm.
4. The system of claim 2, wherein the wetland plants are one or both of reed and canna.
5. The system for treating sewage with zero energy consumption of the multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland according to claim 2, wherein the biochar in the first biochar layer and the second biochar layer is prepared by calcining straws produced by wetland plants as a raw material at 300-400 ℃ by using a zinc chloride solution with the mass fraction of 30% as an activating agent.
6. The system for treating sewage with zero energy consumption of the multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland according to claim 2, wherein the height difference between the water drop channel and the water inlet channel of the first stage constructed wetland is more than or equal to 0.8 m.
7. The system for treating sewage with zero energy consumption by using the multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetlands as claimed in claim 2, wherein the height difference between the water outlet channel of the first stage constructed wetland and the water inlet channel of the second stage constructed wetland is more than or equal to 0.6 m.
8. The system for treating sewage with zero energy consumption by using the multistage subsurface flow constructed wetland according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet channel comprises a water collecting tank and a plurality of water distribution pipes, the water collecting tank is positioned at one edge of the constructed wetland and corresponds to the edge length, all the water distribution pipes are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the water collecting tank, the upper ends of the water distribution pipes are communicated with the water collecting tank, and the lower ends of the water distribution pipes are inserted into the water body of the constructed wetland.
9. The system for treating sewage with zero energy consumption of the multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel are oppositely arranged.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114455713A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-10 | 山西农业大学 | Domestic sewage purification artificial wetland system for distributed villages |
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| CN114455713A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-10 | 山西农业大学 | Domestic sewage purification artificial wetland system for distributed villages |
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Application publication date: 20210928 |