CN113439637B - Light simplified seedling substrate for tillered seedlings of date palm and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light simplified seedling substrate for tillered seedlings of date palm and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113439637B CN113439637B CN202110711966.6A CN202110711966A CN113439637B CN 113439637 B CN113439637 B CN 113439637B CN 202110711966 A CN202110711966 A CN 202110711966A CN 113439637 B CN113439637 B CN 113439637B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A01N39/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing aryloxy- or arylthio-aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds, containing the group or, e.g. phenoxyethylamine, phenylthio-acetonitrile, phenoxyacetone
- A01N39/02—Aryloxy-carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
- A01N39/04—Aryloxy-acetic acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a light simplified seedling substrate for tillering seedlings of date palm and a preparation method thereof, and the substrate comprises a reagent A, a reagent B and a reagent C, wherein the reagent A is 1/4MS salt solution containing carbendazim which is diluted 800-1200 times and azoxystrobin which is diluted 800-1200 times; the reagent B is a mixed solution containing 300-600mg/L of naphthalene acetic acid solution, 100-200mg/L of indolebutyric acid solution and 50-100mg/L of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution; and the volume ratio of the naphthalene acetic acid solution to the indolebutyric acid solution to the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution is 2:1:1.5; the reagent C is a naphthalene acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.3-0.7 mg/L. The rooting medium also comprises a fixing matrix B and a rooting matrix C; wherein the rooting matrix C comprises 65-75% of decomposed coconut husk, 7-15% of perlite, 5-10% of organic fertilizer, 7-15% of vermiculite and 0.1-0.4% of slow release fertilizer by volume percentage. The invention adopts an external intervention method to carry out in vitro culture on the tillered seedlings of the date palm, promotes rooting culture, and has the functions of disease resistance and insect prevention, wound repair promotion, rooting acceleration, sufficient nutrient guarantee, survival rate improvement, easy loading and fixation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant biology, in particular to a light and simplified seedling raising matrix for tillering seedlings of date palm and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Coconut jujube (school name: phoenix dactylifera L.) belongs to genus Ipomoea of Palmae, is native to desert oasis in North Africa or Bos bay surrounding area in southwest Asia, is one of four biggest fruit trees cultivated by earliest domestication of human beings, and is cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas such as Hainan, fujian, guangxi, yunnan, guangdong, etc. in China at present. The coconut date has rich nutritive value, contains sugar up to 55% -70%, protein 3%, various amino acids, and the like, and is one of main grains of Arabic.
The date palm belongs to perennial crops of male and female different strains, the seedling character is seriously separated, and the good character of the female parent cannot be maintained. In order to ensure the planting yield and quality of the coconut jujube tree in unit area, the traditional commercial cultivation mainly carries out asexual propagation by cutting tillered seedlings of female plants. At present, the international market has huge demands on commercial seedlings of the date palm, however, the date palm mother plant can only produce 15-30 mature tillering seedlings for one life, the tillering seedlings growing for 3-5 years on the mother plant can be taken down for in-vitro propagation, the quantity of the tillering seedlings is limited, and the cultivation survival rate is not high, so that the rapid propagation of excellent seedlings is limited.
In abroad, two methods are generally adopted for cultivating tillered seedlings. One method is that after the tillered seedling grows and matures on the parent body, the tillered seedling is cut off directly and transferred into a nursery for hilling cultivation. Another method is to take different operations on the tillered seedlings growing on different parts of the parent body in order to promote rooting, firstly, the tillered seedlings growing on the base part of the parent body are covered with moist soil for 12 months before being removed, so as to promote rooting; secondly, tillering seedlings growing at the higher positions of the trunk of the parent body are fixed and moisturized at the base parts of the tillering seedlings by adopting plastic bags or burlap with matrixes for promoting rooting 12 months before removal. Therefore, the following problems exist in the existing tillering seedling cultivation technology: 1. the tillered seedlings taken off from the parent are easy to be infected by diseases and insect pests, and the survival rate is not high; 2. the tillering seedling cultivation period is long, and the seedling cultivation cost is high; 3. the light and simple seedling substrate for promoting root, preserving moisture and preserving fertilizer is not targeted.
Therefore, how to increase the survival rate of the cultivation of the tillered seedlings and increase the seedling raising speed under the condition that the quantity of the tillered seedlings is limited is a problem which needs to be solved by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a light simplified seedling substrate for the tillered seedlings of the date palm and a preparation method thereof, and the tillered seedlings of the date palm are subjected to in vitro culture by adopting an external intervention method, so that rooting culture is promoted, and the substrate has the functions of resisting diseases and insect, promoting wound repair, accelerating rooting, ensuring sufficient nutrients, improving survival rate, being easy to transport and fix planting and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a light simplified seedling substrate for tillering seedlings of date palm comprises a reagent A, a reagent B and a reagent C;
the reagent A is 1/4MS salt solution containing 800-1200 times diluted carbendazim and 800-1200 times diluted azoxystrobin; the reagent B is a mixed solution containing 300-600mg/L of naphthalene acetic acid solution, 100-200mg/L of indolebutyric acid solution and 50-100mg/L of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution; and the volume ratio of the naphthalene acetic acid solution to the indolebutyric acid solution to the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution is 2:1:1.5; the reagent C is a naphthalene acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.3-0.7 mg/L.
Further, the light simplified seedling substrate for the tillered seedlings of the date palm further comprises a fixed substrate B and a rooting substrate C; wherein the fixed substrate B is a substrate with the function of supporting the tillering seedlings of the date, is preferably a mixture of vermiculite and quartz sand, and the volume ratio of the vermiculite to the quartz sand is (80-90): (10-20); the rooting matrix C comprises 65-75% of decomposed coconut coir, 7-15% of perlite, 5-10% of organic fertilizer, 7-15% of vermiculite and 0.1-0.4% of slow release fertilizer by volume percentage.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the reagent A, 1/4MS salt solution is used as a nutrition buffer for preventing the tillered seedlings from instantaneously losing nutrition supply after being separated from the parent; carbendazim is used as a broad-spectrum bactericide, has high efficiency and low toxicity, and has systemic treatment and protection effects; azoxystrobin is mainly used for preventing and killing infectious diseases caused by fungi in coconut jujube trees. The invention uses carbendazim and azoxystrobin in a matched manner, has a synergistic effect on the treatment of the wound at the root of the tillering base, and can achieve the effects of preventing the root of the tillering seedling from being impregnated by germs, accelerating the incision repair and improving the survival rate of the tillering seedling.
In the reagent B, naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) has the functions of inducing root germination and promoting rooting; indolebutyric acid (IBA) and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) act as auxin substances, promoting wound repair and forming parenchyma cells. According to the invention, three high-concentration hormones of naphthalene acetic acid, indolebutyric acid and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid are subjected to rapid dipping treatment, so that callus is stimulated at the wound to generate, and the effects of promoting rapid rooting of tillered seedlings and shortening the tillered seedling-recovering period can be achieved.
The decomposed coconut coir, perlite and vermiculite in the rooting matrix C are matched for use, so that an external environment for rapid growth of root systems can be provided, the tillered seedlings can uniformly absorb needed nutrition, and the stable and healthy growth of the root systems is maintained under the long-term continuous action of low-concentration naphthylacetic acid. The organic fertilizer and the slow release fertilizer are matched for use, so that the nutrition in the seedling stage is stably and continuously supplied. The light and simple rooting matrix has the effects of moisturizing and fertilizer retention, accelerating the penetrability of root systems, strengthening seedlings and facilitating shipment and transplanting.
Further, the reagent A is a 1/4MS salt solution containing 1000 times diluted carbendazim and 800 times diluted azoxystrobin; the reagent B is a mixed solution containing 400mg/L of naphthalene acetic acid solution, 150mg/L of indolebutyric acid solution and 80mg/L of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution; reagent C is a 0.5mg/L solution of naphthylacetic acid.
Further, the rooting matrix C comprises 70% of decomposed coconut husk, 10% of perlite, 8% of organic fertilizer, 11.8% of vermiculite and 0.2% of slow release fertilizer in percentage by volume.
Further, the fertilizer efficiency of the slow release fertilizer is more than 180 days, and is (15-9-11+2MgO+TE).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the light simplified seedling substrate for the date tillering seedling, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of reagent A: preparing 1/4MS salt solution by using sterile water, weighing carbendazim and azoxystrobin with corresponding dilution factors, and dissolving the carbendazim and azoxystrobin in the 1/4MS salt solution to obtain a reagent A;
(2) Preparation of reagent B: weighing naphthalene acetic acid, indolebutyric acid and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, respectively, completely dissolving the naphthalene acetic acid, the indolebutyric acid and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by using sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6.0, adding sterile water to fix the volume to corresponding concentration, and mixing according to the volume ratio of the naphthalene acetic acid solution, the indolebutyric acid solution and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution of 2:1:1.5 to obtain a reagent B;
(3) Preparation of reagent C: weighing naphthalene acetic acid, completely dissolving with sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting pH to 5.5-6.0, adding sterile water to constant volume to corresponding concentration, and obtaining reagent C.
Further, in both steps (2) and (3), the molar concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution was 1mol/L.
Further, the preparation method of the light simplified seedling substrate for the tillering seedlings of the date palm further comprises the following steps:
(4) Preparing a fixed substrate B: sterilizing the fixed substrate B, and soaking the fixed substrate B in sterile water for later use;
preferably, the kraft paper is used for wrapping the fixed substrate B and then high-temperature high-pressure moist heat sterilization is carried out;
(5) Preparing a rooting matrix C: uniformly mixing sterilized decomposed coconut husk, perlite, organic fertilizer, vermiculite and slow release fertilizer according to a proportion for standby.
The beneficial effects are that: in the invention, the growth hormone such as the naphthylacetic acid is dissolved by adopting a sodium hydroxide solution, the naphthylacetic acid, the indolebutyric acid and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in an analytically pure state are in powder form, and are dissolved by using methanol or ethanol to prepare the required solution concentration, but the inventor finds that the naphthylacetic acid, the indolebutyric acid and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid which are dissolved by using the methanol or the ethanol are easy to be separated out after being placed in a long-term experiment, snowflake substances are separated out in the solution, the solution after being dissolved by using the sodium hydroxide has stable property, and no medicine separation phenomenon exists in the storage period.
The invention also aims to provide a use method of the light simplified seedling substrate for the tillering seedlings of the date palm, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreating the date tillering seedlings;
(2) Taking down the tillering seedling of the date palm from the parent body, immersing the basal part of the tillering seedling in the reagent A for 15-20min, taking out, and washing with sterile water to obtain the tillering Miao of the date palm;
(3) Soaking the basal part of the tillering seedling I of the date palm in the reagent B for 40-50min, taking out, then planting in the fixed matrix B, planting one plant in each pot, spraying sterile water each day to keep the basal part of the tillering seedling moist, culturing for 30-40 days, and taking out to obtain the tillering Miao of the date palm;
(4) Adding a reagent C into a rooting matrix C, wherein the volume ratio is the rooting matrix C: the reagent C=2:1, then planting the date tillering seedling II, planting one plant in each pot, irrigating 1L of the reagent C every 25-35 days, continuously irrigating 3-5 times, and spraying sterile water during the period to keep the substrate C moist, so as to obtain date tillering seedling with solid root;
(5) And (5) strengthening seedlings and transplanting.
Further, in the step (1), the specific operations of the pretreatment of the date tillering seedling are as follows: removing the dead branches and basal impurities of the date palm tillers before the date palm tillers are taken down, spraying the whole date palm tillers by mixing 3% thiacloprid microcapsule suspending agent 1500-2000 times diluent and 20% propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate 1200-1500 times diluent, spraying again after 14 days at intervals, and taking down the date palm tillers from the parent body after 7 days.
The beneficial effects are that: before the tillering seedlings are separated from the parent body, the dry branches and the basal impurities of the tillering seedlings are removed, so that the basal parts of the tillering seedlings are exposed, and then the pesticide and the bactericide are used for spraying treatment, so that the ova and germs carried by the tillering seedlings are reduced, and the probability of being impregnated and dyed by the tillering seedlings can be reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention uses carbendazim and azoxystrobin in a matched manner, has a synergistic effect on the treatment of the wound at the root of the tillering base, and can achieve the effects of preventing the root of the tillering seedling from being impregnated by germs, accelerating the incision repair and improving the survival rate of the tillering seedling.
2. According to the invention, three high-concentration hormones of naphthalene acetic acid, indolebutyric acid and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid are subjected to rapid dipping treatment, so that the effects of promoting rapid rooting of tillered seedlings and shortening the period of tillered seedlings.
3. The invention combines the low-concentration hormone, the nutrition matrix and the rooting matrix, thereby not only ensuring the healthy growth of the tillered seedlings, but also promoting the development of root systems of the tillered seedlings; the nutrient substrate and the rooting substrate have the advantages of good permeability, moisture retention, fertilizer retention and the like, the penetration of root systems and the absorption of nutrients are accelerated, and the seedling strengthening period is shortened; and the weight of the nutrition matrix and the rooting matrix is lighter, which is beneficial to the shipment and transplanting of the tillered seedlings in the later period and saves the labor cost.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The light simplified seedling substrate for the tillered seedlings of the date palm comprises a reagent A, a reagent B and a reagent C; wherein, the reagent A is 1/4MS salt solution containing 800 times diluted carbendazim and 1200 times diluted azoxystrobin; the reagent B is a mixed solution containing 300mg/L of naphthalene acetic acid solution, 200mg/L of indolebutyric acid solution and 100mg/L of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution; and the volume ratio of the naphthalene acetic acid solution to the indolebutyric acid solution to the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution is 2:1:1.5; reagent C is a solution of 0.3mg/L of naphthylacetic acid.
The light simplified seedling substrate for the tillered seedlings of the date palm also comprises a fixed substrate B and a rooting substrate C; wherein the fixed matrix B comprises 80 percent of vermiculite and 20 percent of quartz sand by volume percent; the rooting matrix C comprises 65% of decomposed coconut husk, 15% of perlite, 5% of organic fertilizer, 14.9% of vermiculite and 0.1% of slow release fertilizer by volume percentage. The slow release fertilizer comprises (15-9-11+2MgO+TE).
The preparation method of the seedling substrate for the tillering seedlings of the date palm specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of reagent A: preparing 1/4MS salt solution by using sterile water, weighing carbendazim and azoxystrobin with corresponding dilution factors, and dissolving the carbendazim and azoxystrobin in the 1/4MS salt solution to obtain a reagent A;
(2) Preparation of reagent B: weighing naphthalene acetic acid, indolebutyric acid and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, respectively, completely dissolving by using 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6.0, adding sterile water to fix the volume to corresponding concentration, and mixing according to the volume ratio of the naphthalene acetic acid solution, the indolebutyric acid solution and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution of 2:1:1.5 to obtain a reagent B;
(3) Preparation of reagent C: weighing naphthalene acetic acid, completely dissolving with 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting pH to 5.5-6.0, adding sterile water, and fixing volume to corresponding concentration to obtain reagent C.
(4) Preparing a fixed substrate B: mixing vermiculite and quartz sand, wrapping with kraft paper, performing high-temperature high-heat sterilization, taking out, and soaking with sterile water for later use;
(5) Preparing a rooting matrix C: uniformly mixing sterilized decomposed coconut husk, perlite, organic fertilizer, vermiculite and slow release fertilizer according to a proportion for standby.
The application method of the substrate for culturing the seedling of the tillering date of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreating the date palm tillering seedlings, removing dead branches and basal impurities of the date palm tillering seedlings, mixing 1500 times of diluent of 3% thiacloprid microcapsule suspending agent and 1500 times of diluent of 20% propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate to spray the whole date palm tillering seedlings, spraying again after 14 days intervals, and taking the date palm tillering seedlings off the parent body after 7 days;
(2) Taking down the tillering seedling of the date palm from the parent body, immersing the basal part of the tillering seedling in the reagent A for 15min, taking out, and washing with sterile water to obtain the tillering Miao of the date palm;
(3) Soaking the basal part of the date tillering seedling I in a reagent B for 40min, taking out, then planting in a fixed matrix B, planting one strain in each pot, spraying sterile water to keep the environment moist, checking the rooting condition of a wound regularly, culturing for 30 days, and taking out to obtain date tillering Miao;
(4) Adding a reagent C into a rooting matrix C, wherein the volume ratio is the rooting matrix C: the reagent C=2:1, then planting the tillering seedling II of the date, planting one plant in each pot, irrigating 1L of the reagent C every 25 days, and continuously irrigating 5 times, wherein during the period, sterile water is sprayed to keep the substrate C moist, so as to obtain the tillering seedling of the date with solid roots;
(5) And (5) strengthening seedlings and transplanting.
Example 2
The light simplified seedling substrate for the tillered seedlings of the date palm comprises a reagent A, a reagent B and a reagent C; wherein, the reagent A is 1/4MS salt solution containing 1000 times diluted carbendazim and 800 times diluted azoxystrobin; the reagent B is a mixed solution containing 400mg/L of naphthalene acetic acid solution, 150mg/L of indolebutyric acid solution and 80mg/L of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution; and the volume ratio of the naphthalene acetic acid solution to the indolebutyric acid solution to the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution is 2:1:1.5; reagent C is a solution of 0.5mg/L of naphthylacetic acid.
The light simplified seedling substrate for the tillered seedlings of the date palm also comprises a fixed substrate B and a rooting substrate C; wherein the fixed matrix B comprises, by volume, vermiculite 85% and quartz sand 15%; the rooting matrix C comprises 70% of decomposed coconut husk, 10% of perlite, 8% of organic fertilizer, 11.8% of vermiculite and 0.2% of slow release fertilizer by volume percentage.
The preparation method of the seedling substrate for the tillering seedlings of the date palm specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of reagent A: preparing 1/4MS salt solution by using sterile water, weighing carbendazim and azoxystrobin with corresponding dilution factors, and dissolving the carbendazim and azoxystrobin in the 1/4MS salt solution to obtain a reagent A;
(2) Preparation of reagent B: weighing naphthalene acetic acid, indolebutyric acid and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, respectively, completely dissolving by using 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6.0, adding sterile water to fix the volume to corresponding concentration, and mixing according to the volume ratio of the naphthalene acetic acid solution, the indolebutyric acid solution and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution of 2:1:1.5 to obtain a reagent B;
(3) Preparation of reagent C: weighing naphthalene acetic acid, completely dissolving with 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting pH to 5.5-6.0, adding sterile water, and fixing volume to corresponding concentration to obtain reagent C.
(4) Preparing a fixed substrate B: mixing vermiculite and quartz sand, wrapping with kraft paper, performing high-temperature high-heat sterilization, taking out, and soaking with sterile water for later use;
(5) Preparing a rooting matrix C: uniformly mixing sterilized decomposed coconut husk, perlite, organic fertilizer, vermiculite and slow release fertilizer according to a proportion for standby.
The application method of the substrate for culturing the seedling of the tillering date of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreating the date palm tillering seedlings, removing dead branches and basal impurities of the date palm tillering seedlings, mixing 1800 times of diluent of 3% thiacloprid microcapsule suspending agent and 1300 times of diluent of 20% propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, spraying the whole date palm tillering seedlings, spraying again after 14 days intervals, and taking the date palm tillering seedlings off the parent body after 7 days;
(2) Removing the tillering seedling of the date palm from the parent body, immersing the basal part of the tillering seedling in the reagent A, taking out after 18, and washing with sterile water to obtain the tillering Miao of the date palm;
(3) Soaking the basal part of a date tillering seedling I in a reagent B for 45min, taking out, then planting in a fixed matrix B, planting one plant in each pot, spraying sterile water every day to keep the environment moist, checking the rooting condition of a wound regularly, culturing for 35 days, and taking out to obtain date tillering Miao;
(4) Adding a reagent C into a rooting matrix C, wherein the volume ratio is the rooting matrix C: the reagent C=2:1, then planting the tillering seedling II of the date, planting one plant in each pot, quantitatively irrigating 1L of the reagent C every 30 days, continuously irrigating 4 times, and spraying sterile water to keep the substrate C moist during the period, so as to obtain the tillering seedling of the date with solid roots;
(5) And (5) strengthening seedlings and transplanting.
Example 3
The light simplified seedling substrate for the tillered seedlings of the date palm comprises a reagent A, a reagent B and a reagent C; wherein, the reagent A is 1/4MS salt solution containing 1200 times diluted carbendazim and 1000 times diluted azoxystrobin; the reagent B is a mixed solution containing 600mg/L of naphthalene acetic acid solution, 100mg/L of indolebutyric acid solution and 50mg/L of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution; and the volume ratio of the naphthalene acetic acid solution to the indolebutyric acid solution to the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution is 2:1:1.5; reagent C is a solution of 0.7mg/L of naphthylacetic acid.
The light simplified seedling substrate for the tillered seedlings of the date palm also comprises a fixed substrate B and a rooting substrate C; wherein the fixed matrix B comprises 90% of vermiculite and 10% of quartz sand by volume percent; the rooting matrix C comprises 75% of decomposed coconut husk, 7% of perlite, 10% of organic fertilizer, 7.6% of vermiculite and 0.4% of slow release fertilizer by volume percentage.
The preparation method of the seedling substrate for the tillering seedlings of the date palm specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of reagent A: preparing 1/4MS salt solution by using sterile water, weighing carbendazim and azoxystrobin with corresponding dilution factors, and dissolving the carbendazim and azoxystrobin in the 1/4MS salt solution to obtain a reagent A;
(2) Preparation of reagent B: weighing naphthalene acetic acid, indolebutyric acid and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, respectively, completely dissolving by using 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6.0, adding sterile water to fix the volume to corresponding concentration, and mixing according to the volume ratio of the naphthalene acetic acid solution, the indolebutyric acid solution and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution of 2:1:1.5 to obtain a reagent B;
(3) Preparation of reagent C: weighing naphthalene acetic acid, completely dissolving with 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting pH to 5.5-6.0, adding sterile water, and fixing volume to corresponding concentration to obtain reagent C.
(4) Preparing a fixed substrate B: mixing vermiculite and quartz sand, wrapping with kraft paper, performing high-temperature high-heat sterilization, taking out, and soaking with sterile water for later use;
(5) Preparing a rooting matrix C: uniformly mixing sterilized decomposed coconut husk, perlite, organic fertilizer, vermiculite and slow release fertilizer according to a proportion for standby.
The application method of the substrate for culturing the seedling of the tillering date of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreating the date palm tillering seedlings, removing dead branches and basal impurities of the date palm tillering seedlings, mixing 2000-time diluent of 3% thiacloprid microcapsule suspending agent and 1200-time diluent of 20% propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, spraying the whole date palm tillering seedlings, spraying again after 14 days intervals, and taking out the date palm tillering seedlings from the parent body after 7 days;
(2) Removing the tillering seedling of the date palm from the parent body, soaking the basal part of the tillering seedling in the reagent A for 20min, taking out, and washing with sterile water to obtain the tillering Miao of the date palm;
(3) Soaking the basal part of a date tillering seedling I in a reagent B for 50min, taking out, then planting in a fixed matrix B, planting one plant in each pot, spraying sterile water every day to keep the environment moist, checking the rooting condition of a wound regularly, culturing for 40 days, and taking out to obtain date tillering Miao;
(4) Adding a reagent C into a rooting matrix C, wherein the volume ratio is the rooting matrix C: the reagent C=2:1, then planting the tillering seedlings II of the date, planting one plant in each pot, irrigating 1L of the reagent C every 35 days, and continuously irrigating 3 times, wherein during the period, sterile water is sprayed to keep the substrate C moist, so as to obtain the tillering seedlings of the date with solid roots;
(5) And (5) strengthening seedlings and transplanting.
Comparative example 1
The seedling raising substrate for the tillered seedlings of the date palm is different from the seedling raising substrate of the example 2 only in that the substrate does not contain the reagent A.
Comparative example 2
The seedling raising substrate for the tillered seedlings of the date palm is different from the seedling raising substrate of the example 2 only in that the substrate B and the reagent B are not contained.
Comparative example 3
The substrate for cultivating the tillering seedlings of the date palm is different from the substrate of the embodiment 2 only in that the substrate C and the reagent C are not contained, and the substrate is directly put into a culture bag of sandy loam for cultivating seedlings after 1-3 steps in the using method of the substrate for cultivating the tillering seedlings of the date palm of the embodiment 2 are completed.
Comparative example 4
The method is characterized in that pretreatment is not carried out, and the date tillering seedlings are directly put into a sandy loam culture bag for seedling cultivation after being treated by the reagent A.
Performance testing
The number of roots, the period of strong seedlings and the final survival rate of the date tillers before strong seedlings of the date palm of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 were counted.
After 150 days from the time of taking down the tillered seedlings to the time of processing and raising the seedlings, the numbers of the primary roots and the secondary roots are uniformly recorded, the period and the survival rate of strong seedlings are counted after 365 days are reached, and the statistical results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 statistical results of seedlings for examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4
As can be seen from Table 1, the first-stage root and second-stage root numbers and the seedling strengthening period of the date palm tillers treated with the substrate for raising date palm tillers of comparative examples 1 to 3 are all improved to some extent as compared with comparative example 4.
Compared with comparative example 4, the number of the first-stage roots, the second-stage roots and the seedling strengthening period of the date palm tillering seedlings treated by the date palm tillering seedling raising substrate in examples 1-3 are remarkably improved and are remarkably higher than those in comparative examples 1-3. The invention realizes the effects of improving the seedling strengthening period of the tillering seedlings of the date palm and accelerating the seedling raising speed.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The light simplified seedling substrate for the tillered seedlings of the date palm is characterized by comprising a reagent A, a reagent B and a reagent C;
the reagent A is 1/4MS salt solution containing 800-1200 times diluted carbendazim and 800-1200 times diluted azoxystrobin;
the reagent B is a mixed solution containing 300-600mg/L of naphthalene acetic acid solution, 100-200mg/L of indolebutyric acid solution and 50-100mg/L of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution; and the volume ratio of the naphthalene acetic acid solution to the indolebutyric acid solution to the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution is 2:1:1.5;
the reagent C is 0.3-0.7mg/L of naphthalene acetic acid solution;
the rooting medium also comprises a fixing matrix B and a rooting matrix C; the fixing matrix B is a mixture of vermiculite and quartz sand, and the volume ratio of the vermiculite to the quartz sand is (80-90): (10-20); the rooting matrix C comprises 65-75% of decomposed coconut coir, 7-15% of perlite, 5-10% of organic fertilizer, 7-15% of vermiculite and 0.1-0.4% of slow release fertilizer by volume percentage.
2. The light simplified seedling raising substrate for date tillering seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the reagent A is 1/4MS salt solution containing 1000-fold diluted carbendazim and 800-fold diluted azoxystrobin;
the reagent B is a mixed solution containing 400mg/L of naphthalene acetic acid solution, 150mg/L of indolebutyric acid solution and 80mg/L of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution;
reagent C is a 0.5mg/L solution of naphthylacetic acid.
3. The light simplified seedling raising matrix for the tillered seedlings of date palm according to claim 1, wherein the rooting matrix C comprises 70% of decomposed coconut husk, 10% of perlite, 8% of organic fertilizer, 11.8% of vermiculite and 0.2% of slow release fertilizer in percentage by volume.
4. A method for preparing the light simplified seedling substrate for the tillering seedlings of the date palm according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparation of reagent A: preparing 1/4MS salt solution by using sterile water, weighing carbendazim and azoxystrobin with corresponding dilution factors, and dissolving the carbendazim and azoxystrobin in the 1/4MS salt solution to obtain a reagent A;
(2) Preparation of reagent B: weighing naphthalene acetic acid, indolebutyric acid and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, respectively dissolving the naphthalene acetic acid, the indolebutyric acid and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in sodium hydroxide solution, adding sterile water to a certain volume to corresponding concentration, and mixing according to the volume ratio of the naphthalene acetic acid solution, the indolebutyric acid solution and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution of 2:1:1.5 to obtain a reagent B;
(3) Preparation of reagent C: weighing naphthalene acetic acid, completely dissolving by using sodium hydroxide solution, and adding sterile water to fix the volume to the corresponding concentration to obtain a reagent C.
5. The method for preparing a light simplified seedling substrate for date tillering seedlings according to claim 4, wherein in the steps (2) and (3), the molar concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1mol/L.
6. The method for preparing the light simplified seedling substrate for the tillering seedlings of the date palm according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising:
(4) Preparing a fixed substrate B: sterilizing the fixed substrate B, and soaking the fixed substrate B in sterile water for later use;
(5) Preparing a rooting matrix C: uniformly mixing sterilized decomposed coconut husk, perlite, organic fertilizer, vermiculite and slow release fertilizer according to a proportion for standby.
7. A method for using the light simplified seedling substrate for tillering seedlings of date palm according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Pretreating the date tillering seedlings;
(2) Taking down the tillering seedling of the date palm from the parent body, immersing the basal part of the tillering seedling in the reagent A for 15-20min, taking out, and washing with sterile water to obtain the tillering Miao of the date palm;
(3) Soaking the basal part of the tillering seedling I of the date palm in the reagent B for 40-50min, taking out, then planting in the fixed matrix B, planting one plant in each pot, spraying sterile water each day to keep the basal part of the tillering seedling moist, culturing for 30-40 days, and taking out to obtain the tillering Miao of the date palm;
(4) Adding a reagent C into a rooting matrix C, wherein the volume ratio is the rooting matrix C: the reagent C=2:1, then planting the date tillering seedling II, planting one plant in each pot, irrigating 1L of the reagent C every 25-35 days, continuously irrigating 3-5 times, and spraying sterile water during the period to keep the substrate C moist, so as to obtain date tillering seedling with solid root;
(5) And (5) strengthening seedlings and transplanting.
8. The method for using the light simplified seedling substrate for tillering seedlings of date palm according to claim 7, wherein the specific operation of the pretreatment of the tillering seedlings of date palm in the step (1) is as follows: removing the dead branches and basal impurities of the date palm tillers before the date palm tillers are taken down, spraying the whole date palm tillers by mixing 3% thiacloprid microcapsule suspending agent 1500-2000 times diluent and 20% propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate 1200-1500 times diluent, spraying again after 14 days at intervals, and taking down the date palm tillers from the parent body after 7 days.
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