CN113437518A - Scanning capture method based on paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna - Google Patents
Scanning capture method based on paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN113437518A CN113437518A CN202110728178.8A CN202110728178A CN113437518A CN 113437518 A CN113437518 A CN 113437518A CN 202110728178 A CN202110728178 A CN 202110728178A CN 113437518 A CN113437518 A CN 113437518A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/267—Phased-array testing or checking devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/16—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a scanning capture method based on a paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna, which is implemented according to the following steps: step 1, testing the signal locking time and the effective beam width of the unified measurement and control antenna; step 2, calculating the space domain range to be covered by the antenna scanning according to the signal locking time and the effective beam width obtained in the step 1; step 3, screening an optimal scanning mode through an airspace range to be covered by antenna scanning; and 4, converting the obtained scanning model and inputting the scanning model into the unified measurement and control antenna, and completing the acquisition of the antenna as long as the target appears in the scanning range. The problem that the target is difficult to capture and track by a large paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna under the condition that the target track number and the theoretical track deviation are large in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement, control and application of spacecrafts, and relates to a scanning capture method based on a paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna.
Background
The acquisition mode of the antenna system for the spacecraft is determined by the antenna type. At present, a scanning and capturing mode is widely applied to radar antennas and phased array antennas, and tracking objects of the antennas are usually non-cooperative targets and are characterized in that target motion tracks are uncertain. The radar antenna mainly adopts a rapid mechanical scanning mode to capture a target, and the phased array antenna mainly adopts an electric beam synthesis mode to realize scanning capture.
Although phased array antennas have also been introduced in the field of spacecraft measurement and control to adapt to multi-target measurement and control, the main problem to be solved is that multi-beam corresponds to multi-target or beam synthesis to improve antenna gain, rather than scanning and capturing. At present, a ground measurement and control system widely adopts a large-caliber paraboloid measurement and control antenna, as a tracked object is a cooperative target, a main capture mode is to calculate a guide angle according to the number of tracks or track data, then wait for the target to enter a beam range at a waiting point according to the guide angle (called waiting point capture), or control the antenna to continuously move to approach the target to complete capture in a time-coincidence mode (called guide capture), and the two modes are characterized by being very dependent on the number of tracks or the accuracy of a theoretical track.
Due to the limitation of the use mode, the large-scale paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna does not consider the scanning and capturing requirements during design and development, and does not have the function of capturing the target according to the track scanning. Under the conditions that the spacecraft has large dynamic and is greatly influenced by the space environment, no radar is available on the running track to track the spacecraft so as to provide guiding data, the theoretical orbit or the actual orbit of the spacecraft has large uncertainty, and if the parabolic antenna still adopts the traditional waiting point capturing and guiding capturing mode, a target can not enter a beam range to complete capturing and tracking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a scanning and capturing method based on a paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna, which solves the problem that the target is difficult to capture and track by a large paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna under the condition of large target track number and theoretical track deviation in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a scanning and capturing method based on a paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, testing the signal locking time and the effective beam width of the unified measurement and control antenna;
step 2, calculating the space domain range to be covered by the antenna scanning according to the signal locking time and the effective beam width obtained in the step 1;
step 3, screening an optimal scanning mode through an airspace range to be covered by antenna scanning;
and 4, converting the obtained scanning model and inputting the scanning model into the unified measurement and control antenna, and completing the acquisition of the antenna as long as the target appears in the scanning range.
The invention is also characterized in that:
in the step 1: the signal locking time, which is how long the downlink signal lasts for the antenna to lock the signal; the effective beam width, namely the target enters the effective beam width range, the antenna can complete the capture, the data implies the gain and the convergence characteristic of the antenna, the time of the target passing through the beam is calculated according to the target theoretical orbit and the effective beam width, and the target can be captured when the time is longer than the signal locking time of the antenna.
The step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: and calculating to obtain the space domain range to be covered by the antenna scanning according to the divergence of the theoretical track by using the signal locking time and the effective beam width.
The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: and optimizing to obtain the optimal scanning mode according to the shortest time for scanning the whole target airspace range and the longest time for keeping the target in the effective beam.
The step 4 specifically comprises the following steps: and converting the scanning model obtained by calculation into a continuous angle control command, outputting the continuous angle control command to an angle control unit of the unified measurement and control antenna, and controlling the antenna to point to a target.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a scanning and capturing method based on a paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna, which solves the problem that the target is difficult to capture and track by a large paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna under the condition of large target track number and theoretical track deviation in the prior art. And realizing automatic scanning capture according to the number of target tracks or the scattering characteristic of theoretical tracks and the original performance of the system. The unified measurement and control antenna with the single-pointing control function has the scanning capture function, and can automatically calculate the scanning parameters and complete capture according to the target theoretical orbit and the divergence thereof, thereby improving the automation performance of the measurement and control system and saving the labor cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a scanning capture method based on a parabolic unified measurement and control antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of analysis of different positions of a target traversing beam in the scanning and capturing method based on the parabolic unified measurement and control antenna;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of analysis of a target motion component in a scanning capture method based on a parabolic unified measurement and control antenna according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an access relationship between a scanning capture module and an original system of a measurement and control antenna in the scanning capture method based on the parabolic unified measurement and control antenna.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a scanning and capturing method based on a paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna, which is implemented according to the following steps as shown in figure 1:
step 1, testing the signal locking time and the effective beam width of the unified measurement and control antenna;
in the step 1: the signal locking time, which is how long the downlink signal lasts for the antenna to lock the signal; as shown in fig. 2, the effective beam width, i.e. the range of the effective beam width into which the target enters, can be captured by the antenna, and the data implies the gain and convergence characteristics of the antenna. The two data are taken as antenna performance parameters and packaged into a scanning acquisition module for subsequent calculation. And calculating the time of the target passing through the beam according to the target theoretical orbit and the effective beam width, wherein the time is more than the signal locking time of the antenna, and the target can be captured.
Step 2, calculating the space domain range to be covered by the antenna scanning according to the signal locking time and the effective beam width obtained in the step 1; the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: and calculating to obtain the space domain range to be covered by the antenna scanning according to the divergence of the theoretical track by using the signal locking time and the effective beam width.
Step 3, screening an optimal scanning mode through an airspace range to be covered by antenna scanning; the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 3, the optimal scanning mode (linear scanning, circular scanning, spiral scanning) and scanning parameters (scanning speed, scanning range) are obtained by optimizing the shortest time for scanning the whole target spatial range and the longest time for keeping the target present in the effective beam.
And 4, converting the obtained scanning model and inputting the scanning model into the unified measurement and control antenna, and completing the acquisition of the antenna as long as the target appears in the scanning range. The step 4 specifically comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 4, the scanning model obtained by calculation is converted into a continuous angle control command and output to the angle control unit of the unified measurement and control antenna, the antenna is controlled to point to the target, and as long as the target appears in the scanning range, the scanning parameters guarantee that the antenna self-tracking condition is necessarily met, and the antenna can complete the capturing.
As shown in fig. 2, the antenna gain at the center point of the antenna beam width is the largest and the convergence characteristic is the best, and the target is easily captured by the antenna at this position; if the range of the antenna beam is exceeded, the antenna gain is sharply reduced, the antenna convergence characteristic is reduced, and the target cannot be captured by the antenna when the target is located at the edge of the antenna beam.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of analysis of a target motion component in the scanning capture method based on the parabolic unified measurement and control antenna. As shown in fig. 3, according to the motion characteristics of the target, the target position has an azimuth component and a pitch component in space for the antenna system, the antenna needs to perform azimuth and pitch combined scanning on the target trajectory when capturing the target, and if the time for scanning the whole target airspace range is shortest and the time for keeping the target appearing in the antenna effective beam is longest, the optimal antenna scanning mode (linear scanning, circular scanning, spiral scanning) and scanning parameters (scanning speed, scanning range) are optimized.
As shown in fig. 4. The invention adds a scanning capture module in the original servo control system of the system, converts a scanning model obtained by calculation into a continuous angle control command by setting different scanning capture parameters, outputs the continuous angle control command to an angle control unit of a unified measurement and control antenna, and controls the antenna to point to a target.
The invention discloses a scanning and capturing method based on a paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna, which aims to solve the problem that a large paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna is difficult to capture and track a target under the condition of large target track number and theoretical track deviation, and realizes automatic scanning and capturing according to the target track number or the scattering characteristic of the theoretical track and the original performance of a system. According to the shortest time for scanning the whole target airspace range and the longest time for keeping the target in the effective beam, the optimal scanning mode (linear scanning, circular scanning and spiral scanning) and scanning parameters (scanning speed and scanning range) can be obtained through optimization. And converting the scanning model obtained by calculation into a continuous angle control command, outputting the continuous angle control command to an angle control unit of the unified measurement and control antenna, and controlling the antenna to point to a target.
The invention discloses a scanning and capturing method based on a paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna, which mainly solves the problem that the unified measurement and control antenna completes high-reliability capturing and tracking on a target under the condition that the orbit of a spacecraft has larger uncertainty. Track deviation analysis and scanning parameter calculation are added before the pointing control, and finally the scanning angle is output to the antenna pointing control unit, so that large-scale scanning capture of the large-scale unified measurement and control antenna is realized. The use of the patent can greatly improve the capture probability of the measurement and control system to the target.
The invention discloses a scanning and capturing method based on a paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna, which solves the problem that the target is difficult to capture and track by a large paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna under the condition of large target track number and theoretical track deviation in the prior art. And realizing automatic scanning capture according to the number of target tracks or the scattering characteristic of theoretical tracks and the original performance of the system. The unified measurement and control antenna with the single-pointing control function has the scanning capture function, and can automatically calculate the scanning parameters and complete capture according to the target theoretical orbit and the divergence thereof, thereby improving the automation performance of the measurement and control system and saving the labor cost.
Claims (5)
1. A scanning capture method based on a paraboloid unified measurement and control antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, testing the signal locking time and the effective beam width of the unified measurement and control antenna;
step 2, calculating the space domain range to be covered by the antenna scanning according to the signal locking time and the effective beam width obtained in the step 1;
step 3, screening an optimal scanning mode through an airspace range to be covered by antenna scanning;
and 4, converting the obtained scanning model and inputting the scanning model into the unified measurement and control antenna, and completing the acquisition of the antenna as long as the target appears in the scanning range.
2. The scanning and capturing method based on the parabolic unified measurement and control antenna according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1: the signal locking time, which is how long the downlink signal lasts for the antenna to lock the signal; the effective beam width, namely the target enters the effective beam width range, the antenna can complete the capture, the data implies the gain and the convergence characteristic of the antenna, the time of the target passing through the beam is calculated according to the target theoretical orbit and the effective beam width, and the target can be captured when the time is longer than the signal locking time of the antenna.
3. The scanning and capturing method based on the parabolic unified measurement and control antenna according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises: and calculating to obtain the space domain range to be covered by the antenna scanning according to the divergence of the theoretical track by using the signal locking time and the effective beam width.
4. The scanning and capturing method based on the parabolic unified measurement and control antenna according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 specifically comprises: and optimizing to obtain the optimal scanning mode according to the shortest time for scanning the whole target airspace range and the longest time for keeping the target in the effective beam.
5. The scanning and capturing method based on the parabolic unified measurement and control antenna according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 specifically comprises: and converting the scanning model obtained by calculation into a continuous angle control command, outputting the continuous angle control command to an angle control unit of the unified measurement and control antenna, and controlling the antenna to point to a target.
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Cited By (1)
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CN115355909A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Servo and phased array integrated capturing method and system under maneuvering platform |
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Cited By (2)
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CN115355909A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Servo and phased array integrated capturing method and system under maneuvering platform |
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