CN113437506A - Patch radiating element and array antenna - Google Patents
Patch radiating element and array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN113437506A CN113437506A CN202110749838.0A CN202110749838A CN113437506A CN 113437506 A CN113437506 A CN 113437506A CN 202110749838 A CN202110749838 A CN 202110749838A CN 113437506 A CN113437506 A CN 113437506A
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- feeding
- radiation
- radiating element
- balun
- feeding element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a patch radiating element and an array antenna, comprising: a radiating element, a feeding element and a microstrip pad; the feed element and the radiation element are connected in an inserting mode and are welded and fixed through respective welding pads; the feeding element is disposed directly below the radiating element and mounted on the microstrip pad. The patch radiating unit provided by the invention realizes the characteristics of low section, wide bandwidth and high cross polarization ratio, wherein, the inductive and capacitive structures are added to form resonance to improve the working bandwidth of the radiating unit, the working bandwidth is expanded to 3300 and 3800MHz, and the four-side corner cut is used to improve the cross polarization ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a patch radiating unit and an array antenna.
Background
With the increasing demand for communication in life, higher speed and more massive data exchange are required, and the development and alternation of communication are promoted. Nowadays, the deployment of 5G era and 5G network for commercial test has been met, and it is marked that the integration of base station host equipment and large-scale array antenna is inevitably the trend of 5G communication, the demand of massive MIMO antenna is far greater than that of traditional antenna, and the requirements for portability and low cost of 5G antenna are higher and higher.
The large-scale antenna array in the 5G era has higher requirements on the radiation unit, including improvement of the working frequency band of the transmission information amount, improvement of the high cross polarization ratio index of the information transfer accuracy rate, and the like, and all of them provide new challenges for the design of the 5G antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a patch radiating element and an array antenna, which are used for solving the defects of high cost and low cross polarization of the radiating element in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a patch radiating element comprising:
a radiating element, a feeding element and a microstrip pad;
the feed element and the radiation element are connected in an inserting mode and are welded and fixed through respective welding pads;
the feeding element is disposed directly below the radiating element and mounted on the microstrip pad.
In one embodiment, the radiating element comprises a radiating surface, a radiating medium substrate and a coupling line;
the radiation surface is an octahedral copper clad layer on the upper surface of the radiation medium substrate, triangular tangential angles are formed in the directions of four corners of the square radiation medium substrate respectively, and the four triangular tangential angles are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the radiation surface respectively;
the radiation medium substrate comprises four rectangular holes, the four rectangular holes are respectively arranged in a central symmetry mode relative to the central axis of the radiation medium substrate, coupling lines are respectively covered above the four rectangular holes, the coupling lines and the middle of the radiation surface are separated through coupling gaps, and the coupling lines are arranged in a central symmetry mode along the central axis of the radiation medium substrate.
In one embodiment, the feeding elements comprise a first feeding element and a second feeding element, the first feeding element and the second feeding element are arranged in a crisscross manner, and are connected and fixed through a balun rectangular hole located above or below the middle area of the feeding elements.
In one embodiment, the first feeding element and the second feeding element respectively comprise a feeding line, a balun dielectric substrate, a pin and the balun rectangular hole;
the balun rectangular holes are respectively positioned in the middle positions of the first feeding element and the second feeding element;
the first feeding element and the second feeding element are respectively provided with two feeding lines, and the feeding lines are symmetrically distributed on the balun dielectric substrate along the balun rectangular hole and are used for receiving an excitation signal transmitted from the microstrip line of the microstrip pad and then conducting the excitation signal to the radiation surface;
two ends of the feeder line are respectively provided with a pin, four pins above the balun dielectric substrate are used for being connected with the radiation element in a welding mode, and four pins below the balun dielectric substrate are used for being connected with the microstrip bonding pad.
In one embodiment, the feeding element and the radiating element are both fabricated from printed circuit boards.
In one embodiment, the patch radiating element cross-sectional height is only 0.132 times the maximum wavelength.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an array antenna, including the patch radiating element in the above technical solution.
The patch radiation unit and the array antenna provided by the invention realize the characteristics of low section, wide bandwidth and high cross polarization ratio, wherein the bandwidth is improved by utilizing the coupling feed structure, so that the working bandwidth is expanded to the frequency band of 3300-; the cross polarization ratio is improved by utilizing the four-side corner cut.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a patch radiating unit provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a radiating element provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding element provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first feeding element provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second feeding element provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a radiation unit; 10: a radiating element; 101: a radiating surface;
102: a radiation dielectric substrate; 103: a coupling line; 104: carrying out triangular corner cutting;
105: a rectangular hole; 106: a coupling gap; 20: a feeding element;
201: a first feeding element; 202: a second feeding element; 203: a feed line;
204: a balun dielectric substrate; 205: a pin; 206: a balun rectangular hole;
210: a microstrip pad.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a patch radiating unit and an array antenna, wherein the patch radiating unit has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low section, easy integration and low cost, and is suitable for batch production; the common use of the patch radiating element generally has two feed modes of direct feed and coupling feed, and the coupling feed can improve the impedance bandwidth of the antenna.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a patch radiating unit provided in the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, including:
a radiating element, a feeding element and a microstrip pad;
the feed element and the radiation element are connected in an inserting mode and are welded and fixed through respective welding pads;
the feeding element is disposed directly below the radiating element and mounted on the microstrip pad.
The patch radiating unit provided by the invention realizes the characteristics of low section, wide bandwidth and high cross polarization ratio, wherein the bandwidth is improved by utilizing the coupling feed structure, so that the working bandwidth is expanded to the frequency band of 3300-; the cross polarization ratio is improved by utilizing the four-side corner cut.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the radiation unit 1 provided by the present invention includes, from top to bottom, a radiation element 10, a feed element 20, and a microstrip pad 210.
Wherein, the feeding element 20 is disposed right below the radiating element 10, and is fixed by welding through respective bonding pads, so that the feeding element 20 supports the radiating element 10; the feeding element 20 is mounted above the microstrip pad which acts as an integral support.
Based on the above embodiment, the radiating element includes a radiating surface, a radiating dielectric substrate, and a coupling line;
the radiation surface is an octahedral copper clad layer on the upper surface of the radiation medium substrate, triangular tangential angles are formed in the directions of four corners of the square radiation medium substrate respectively, and the four triangular tangential angles are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the radiation surface respectively;
the radiation medium substrate comprises four rectangular holes, the four rectangular holes are respectively arranged in a central symmetry mode relative to the central axis of the radiation medium substrate, coupling lines are respectively covered above the four rectangular holes, the coupling lines and the middle of the radiation surface are separated through coupling gaps, and the coupling lines are arranged in a central symmetry mode along the central axis of the radiation medium substrate.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the uppermost radiating element 10 includes a radiating surface 101, a radiating dielectric substrate 102, and a coupling line 103;
the radiation surface 101 is a copper-clad layer on the upper surface of the radiation dielectric substrate 102, the radiation surface 101 is in an octagon structure, the radiation surfaces 101 in the four-corner directions of the square radiation dielectric substrate 102 are respectively provided with a triangular cutting angle 104, the existence of the triangular cutting angle 104 improves the cross polarization ratio of the antenna, and the larger the cutting angle is, the more obvious the cross polarization ratio is improved.
Four rectangular ring-shaped coupling slits 106 are respectively arranged on the radiation 101, and four coupling lines 103 symmetrically divided along the central axis are surrounded by the coupling slits; it is obtained that the central region of the radiating plane 101 comprises four coupled lines 103, the four coupled lines 103 being arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the radiating element 10 and being 90 ° apart from each other.
Four rectangular holes 105 are formed in the radiation medium substrate, the four rectangular holes 105 are respectively arranged in a central symmetry mode about a central axis of the medium substrate, four rectangular holes are formed in an area surrounded by the coupling line 103 and are not directly connected with most of copper-clad areas of the radiation surface 101, and the middle of the four rectangular holes are separated through the coupling gap 106, so that coupling feeding is achieved.
Based on any embodiment of the above, the feeding element includes a first feeding element and a second feeding element, and the first feeding element and the second feeding element are disposed in a crisscross manner and are connected and fixed through a balun rectangular hole located above or below a middle area of the feeding element.
The first feeding element and the second feeding element respectively comprise a feeding line, a balun dielectric substrate, a pin and the balun rectangular hole;
the balun rectangular holes are respectively positioned in the middle positions of the first feeding element and the second feeding element;
the first feeding element and the second feeding element are respectively provided with two feeding lines, and the feeding lines are symmetrically distributed on the balun dielectric substrate along the balun rectangular hole and are used for receiving an excitation signal transmitted from the microstrip line of the microstrip pad and then conducting the excitation signal to the radiation surface;
two ends of the feeder line are respectively provided with a pin, four pins above the balun dielectric substrate are used for being connected with the radiation element in a welding mode, and four pins below the balun dielectric substrate are used for being connected with the microstrip bonding pad.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the feeding element 20 includes a first feeding element 201 and a second feeding element 202, and balun rectangular holes 206 are respectively opened on balun dielectric substrates 204 of the two feeding elements, and the balun rectangular holes 206 are respectively arranged above the middle of the first feeding element 201, as shown in fig. 4, and below the middle of the second feeding element 202, as shown in fig. 5, so that the two feeding elements are disposed in a crisscross manner.
Eight pins 205 are respectively arranged on the feeding element 20, wherein four pins pass through four rectangular holes 105 of the radiating element 10 to fix the radiating element 10 right above the feeding element 20, and for further fixing the radiating element 10, four pins 205 are usually fixed on the radiating element 10 by welding; and four other pins 205 connected to the microstrip pad 210.
Four feed lines 203 are provided on the feed element 20, and an electric signal is excited by the microstrip line at the microstrip pad 210, conducted to the radiation surface 101 via the feed line 203 and radiated.
It can be understood that, in the differential feeding manner adopted by this radiation unit 1, the input signals between the opposite microstrip pads 210 are equal in amplitude and 180 ° out of phase, the differential signals are coupled to the radiation plane 101 via the coupling line 103 through the feeding lines 203 on the first feeding element 201 and the second feeding element 202, the first feeding element 201 and the second feeding element 202 respectively implement two polarizations of the radiation unit 1, the second feeding element 202 shown in fig. 3 implements a positive 45 ° polarization, and the first feeding element 201 implements a negative 45 ° polarization.
It should be noted that the radiation surface 101 couples and inputs energy through the coupling line 103 and radiates out, wherein the coupling slot 106 is capacitive, and the feeder 203 of the feeder element 20 is similar to the probe in operation, and exhibits inductance, and the capacitive and inductive modules are superposed, thereby increasing the resonant frequency point of the antenna, widening the impedance bandwidth of the antenna, and enabling the antenna to have the characteristic of high bandwidth.
Based on any embodiment, the feeding element and the radiating element are both made of printed circuit boards, and the cross-sectional height of the patch radiating element is only 0.132 times of the maximum wavelength.
Specifically, the present invention provides that the radiating element 10 and the feeding element 20 are both made of Printed Circuit Board (PCB), for example, the radiating element 10 and the feeding element 20 can both be made of FR4 board material, so as to reduce the cost, and the application of high dielectric constant material can reduce the size of the radiating plane, thereby realizing the requirement of miniaturization.
The overall cross-sectional height of the patch radiating unit is only 0.132 times of the maximum wavelength, and the patch radiating unit has the characteristics of miniaturization and high integration level.
The patch radiating unit provided by the invention adopts a differential feed microstrip patch mode, on the basis of a low profile, the impedance bandwidth is expanded by using a coupling feed mode, the cross polarization ratio is improved by using a four-side corner cutting mode, and in addition, the radiating unit is realized by adopting a printed circuit board, so that the cost is low, and the design is flexible.
Based on any of the above embodiments, an array antenna is composed of the patch radiating elements in the foregoing embodiments.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A patch radiating element, comprising: a radiating element, a feeding element and a microstrip pad;
the feed element and the radiation element are connected in an inserting mode and are welded and fixed through respective welding pads;
the feeding element is disposed directly below the radiating element and mounted on the microstrip pad.
2. A patch radiating element according to claim 1, wherein the radiating element comprises a radiating surface, a radiating dielectric substrate, a coupling line;
the radiation surface is an octahedral copper clad layer on the upper surface of the radiation medium substrate, triangular tangential angles are formed in the directions of four corners of the square radiation medium substrate respectively, and the four triangular tangential angles are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the radiation surface respectively;
the radiation medium substrate comprises four rectangular holes, the four rectangular holes are respectively arranged in a central symmetry mode relative to the central axis of the radiation medium substrate, coupling lines are respectively covered above the four rectangular holes, the coupling lines and the middle of the radiation surface are separated through coupling gaps, and the coupling lines are arranged in a central symmetry mode along the central axis of the radiation medium substrate.
3. A patch radiating element according to claim 1, wherein the feeding element comprises a first feeding element and a second feeding element, the first feeding element and the second feeding element are arranged in a crisscross manner, and are connected and fixed through a balun rectangular hole above or below the middle area of the feeding elements.
4. A patch radiating element according to claim 3, wherein the first and second feeding elements comprise a feed line, a balun dielectric substrate, a pin and the balun rectangular hole, respectively;
the balun rectangular holes are respectively positioned in the middle positions of the first feeding element and the second feeding element;
the first feeding element and the second feeding element are respectively provided with two feeding lines, and the feeding lines are symmetrically distributed on the balun dielectric substrate along the balun rectangular hole and are used for receiving an excitation signal transmitted from the microstrip line of the microstrip pad and then conducting the excitation signal to the radiation surface;
two ends of the feeder line are respectively provided with a pin, four pins above the balun dielectric substrate are used for being connected with the radiation element in a welding mode, and four pins below the balun dielectric substrate are used for being connected with the microstrip bonding pad.
5. A patch radiating element according to claim 1, wherein the feed element and the radiating element are fabricated from printed circuit boards.
6. A patch radiating element according to claim 1, wherein the patch radiating element cross-sectional height is only 0.132 times the maximum wavelength.
7. An array antenna comprising the patch radiating element of any one of claims 1 to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110749838.0A CN113437506B (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2021-07-02 | Patch radiating element and array antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110749838.0A CN113437506B (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2021-07-02 | Patch radiating element and array antenna |
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| CN113437506A true CN113437506A (en) | 2021-09-24 |
| CN113437506B CN113437506B (en) | 2022-12-09 |
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| CN202110749838.0A Active CN113437506B (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2021-07-02 | Patch radiating element and array antenna |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105356053A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-24 | 华南理工大学 | Differential broadband dual-polarization base station antenna for improving cross polarization ratio |
| CN109216911A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-15 | 深圳国人通信股份有限公司 | A kind of dual-polarization radiating unit |
| CN110048216A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-23 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | Small capacity double polarization aerial radiation device and communication equipment |
| CN110867646A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-03-06 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | Radiation unit and antenna |
| CN210744157U (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-06-12 | 昆山恩电开通信设备有限公司 | High-performance ultra-wideband radiation unit applied to 5G system |
| WO2020151297A1 (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-30 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | Microstrip radiation unit and array antenna |
| CN113036404A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-25 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element, antenna array and base station equipment |
-
2021
- 2021-07-02 CN CN202110749838.0A patent/CN113437506B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105356053A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-24 | 华南理工大学 | Differential broadband dual-polarization base station antenna for improving cross polarization ratio |
| CN109216911A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-15 | 深圳国人通信股份有限公司 | A kind of dual-polarization radiating unit |
| WO2020151297A1 (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-30 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | Microstrip radiation unit and array antenna |
| CN110048216A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-23 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | Small capacity double polarization aerial radiation device and communication equipment |
| CN210744157U (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-06-12 | 昆山恩电开通信设备有限公司 | High-performance ultra-wideband radiation unit applied to 5G system |
| CN110867646A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-03-06 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | Radiation unit and antenna |
| CN113036404A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-25 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element, antenna array and base station equipment |
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| CN113437506B (en) | 2022-12-09 |
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