CN113437272B - Silica material, treatment method thereof and secondary battery cathode - Google Patents

Silica material, treatment method thereof and secondary battery cathode Download PDF

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CN113437272B
CN113437272B CN202110707043.3A CN202110707043A CN113437272B CN 113437272 B CN113437272 B CN 113437272B CN 202110707043 A CN202110707043 A CN 202110707043A CN 113437272 B CN113437272 B CN 113437272B
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CN113437272A (en
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刘东海
王志勇
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Hunan Shinzoom Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/483—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides for non-aqueous cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/628—Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The application relates to the field of battery materials, in particular to a silica material, a processing method thereof and a secondary battery cathode. The processing method of the silicon-oxygen material comprises the steps of carrying out first-stage fluidization on silicon-oxygen single particles and asphalt particles at the temperature of 150-350 ℃ in an inert atmosphere; then carrying out second-stage fluidization at 400-600 ℃; then carrying out third-stage fluidization in reducing gas containing carbon at 700-1200 ℃; wherein the particle size of the asphalt particles is 2-20 μm. Under the effect of air current, the silica single particle is in the continuous motion in-process, and the collision probability in the space between the granule is equal, and at the in-process of continuous collision, the granule is reunited at random collision in-process, and the marginal angle that forms in the broken in-process of single particle in earlier stage becomes more mellow and more, has eliminated the sharp-pointed edges and corners of granule, and the preparation technology of easy follow-up battery is smooth and easy. The treatment method can improve the electrochemical characteristics of the silicon single particles.

Description

Silica material, treatment method thereof and secondary battery cathode
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of battery materials, in particular to a silica material, a processing method thereof and a secondary battery cathode.
Background
The silicon-based negative electrode material becomes a negative electrode material with excellent development potential due to the ultrahigh specific capacity, and the problem of volume expansion of the silicon material is solved by adopting a method of modifying a silica material by using a porous carbon material because the volume expansion of the silicon material is larger. For example, the chemical vapor deposition method is adopted to coat the statically stacked nano-particle material, and how to improve the electrical property of the carbon material modified silicon oxygen material is a problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a silicon-oxygen material, a processing method thereof and a secondary battery negative electrode, which aim to improve the electrical property of the silicon-oxygen material.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for treating a silicon oxygen material, comprising:
carrying out first-stage fluidization on the silica single particles and the asphalt particles in a mass ratio of (80-98) to (2-20) at the temperature of 150-350 ℃ in an inert atmosphere;
then carrying out second-stage fluidization at 400-600 ℃ in an inert atmosphere; then carrying out third-stage fluidization in reducing gas containing carbon at 700-1200 ℃ to crack the reducing gas;
wherein the particle size of the asphalt particles is 2-20 μm.
By adopting three-stage fluidization, asphalt exists on the surface of the silica single particle in a dot form in the first fluidization stage, the agglomeration chance of different particles in all directions is increased, and meanwhile, the step adopts larger air flow velocity, so that the collision of asphalt materials of particle materials can be continuously increased, and the adhesion of the asphalt on the surface of graphite particles is realized. The second fluidization stage can realize the bonding process between single particles by using higher temperature. In the third step of fluidization, the gas-phase carbon source is cracked at high temperature to generate carbon atoms, so that the uniform deposition of carbon on the particle surface is realized, and the electrochemical properties of the silica single particles are improved.
Under the effect of air current, the silica single particle is in the continuous motion in-process, and the collision probability in the space between the granule is equal, and at the in-process of continuous collision, the granule is reunited at random collision in-process, and the marginal angle that forms in the broken in-process of single particle in earlier stage becomes more mellow and more, has eliminated the sharp-pointed edges and corners of granule, and the preparation technology of easy follow-up battery is smooth and easy.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the silica single particles have a particle size of 4 to 15 μm.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present disclosure, the carbon-containing reducing gas is selected from at least one of methane, ethane, propane, ethylene, propylene, and acetylene.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the first stage fluidization is preceded by a temperature increase to 150-350 ℃ at a temperature increase rate of 1-10 ℃/min; the first stage fluidization time is 1-8h.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the second stage fluidization is performed after the first stage fluidization by raising the temperature to 400-600 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 1-10 ℃/min.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the second stage fluidization time is from 1 to 5 hours.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the second stage fluidization is followed by a heating to 700-1200 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-10 ℃/min and then the third stage fluidization is performed.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the third stage fluidization is for a time period of 1 to 10 hours.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a silicon oxygen material, which is prepared by the above-mentioned processing method of silicon oxygen material.
The silicon-oxygen material provided by the application has better cycle stability.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a secondary battery negative electrode comprising a substrate and the above-described silica material supported on at least one surface of the substrate.
The application provides a secondary battery negative pole's cycling stability is better.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 shows an SEM image of the silicon oxygen material prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
In the process of carrying out carbon atom vapor deposition by using a static process, the contact probability of carbon atoms and the surface of the silicon-oxygen material is different, so that the thickness of the coating layer on the surface of the silicon-oxygen material is very easy to be different in the whole atom deposition process, the contact between the surface of the silicon-oxygen material and electrolyte can be caused due to the non-uniform coating layer, the occurrence of side reaction is accelerated, and the consumption of the electrolyte is caused.
The following will specifically describe the silicon oxide material, the method of treating the same, and the secondary battery negative electrode according to the examples of the present application.
A method for processing silica materials comprises three stages of fluidization of silica single particles and asphalt particles; in detail, the first-stage fluidization is carried out on the silica single particles and the asphalt particles in a mass ratio of (80-98) to (2-20) at the temperature of 150-350 ℃ in an inert atmosphere; then, second-stage fluidization is carried out at 400-600 ℃ in inert atmosphere; then carrying out third-stage fluidization in reducing gas containing carbon at 700-1200 ℃ to crack the reducing gas; wherein the particle size of the asphalt particles is 2-20 μm.
As an example, the mass ratio of the silica single particles to the pitch particles is (80-98): 2-20, and can be, for example, 80: 4. 97, 98.
In the present application, the particle diameter of the asphalt particles is 2 to 20 μm, and may be, for example, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 17 μm, 18 μm, 19 μm, 20 μm, or the like.
The particle size of the silica single particles can be adjusted as desired, for example, in some embodiments, to reduce the transport path of electrons within the silica material, the silica single particles have a particle size of 4-15 μm, such as 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 15 μm, and so forth.
First-stage fluidization: at 150-350 deg.c in inert atmosphere; for example, the temperature may be 150 ℃, 152 ℃, 160 ℃, 170 ℃, 180 ℃, 190 ℃, 200 ℃, 209 ℃, 217 ℃, 256 ℃, 286 ℃, 301 ℃, 321 ℃, 342 ℃, 350 ℃ and the like. The inert atmosphere may be, for example, nitrogen, helium, or the like.
In some embodiments of the present application, the silica single particles and the asphalt particles are placed in a fluidized bed, and the temperature is raised to 150-350 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 1-10 ℃/min for a first stage of fluidization, wherein the temperature raising rate can be, for example, 1 ℃/min, 2 ℃/min, 3 ℃/min, 5 ℃/min, 7 ℃/min, 8 ℃/min, 9 ℃/min, 10 ℃/min, and the like.
Illustratively, the first stage fluidization time is 1-8h, and may be, for example, 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h, 8h, and the like.
In some embodiments of the present application, the velocity of the gas stream during the first stage of fluidization is 10-40L/min, for example 10L/min, 15L/min, 19L/min, 22L/min, 30L/min, 36L/min, 40L/min.
The first stage of fluidization is carried out at low temperature, asphalt particles and silica single particles are in a flowing state, asphalt and silica single particle materials are subjected to continuous collision, and in the process, asphalt exists on the surfaces of the silica single particles in a dotted form, so that the agglomeration opportunities among different particles in all directions are increased, and the silica single particles are uniformly adhered to the asphalt particles in all directions.
The velocity of the gas stream during the first stage of fluidization is 10-40L/min, and a higher gas velocity also prevents agglomeration of particles during the first stage of fluidization.
The first stage fluidization is followed by the second stage fluidization, which in this example is followed by the second stage fluidization after the temperature increase to 400-600 ℃ at a rate of 1-10 ℃/min. As an example, the temperature rise rate may be, for example, 1 deg.C/min, 2 deg.C/min, 3 deg.C/min, 5 deg.C/min, 7 deg.C/min, 8 deg.C/min, 9 deg.C/min, 10 deg.C/min, or the like.
The second section fluidization temperature is 400-600 ℃; for example, the temperature may be 400 ℃, 410 ℃, 420 ℃, 430 ℃, 440 ℃, 450 ℃, 470 ℃, 480 ℃, 495 ℃, 513 ℃, 524 ℃, 545 ℃, 569 ℃, 575 ℃, 580 ℃, 600 ℃ or the like.
The second stage fluidization is also carried out in an inert atmosphere, for example, in an atmosphere of nitrogen or helium.
Illustratively, the second stage fluidization time may be 1-5h, e.g., 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, and the like.
In some embodiments of the present application, the velocity of the gas stream in the second stage fluidization process is 1-8L/min, and may be, for example, 1L/min, 2L/min, 3L/min, 4L/min, 6L/min, 7L/min, 8L/min.
And (2) performing second-stage fluidization at a higher temperature, wherein asphalt particles attached to the surfaces of the silica single particles are mutually bonded, part of light components in the asphalt are gradually volatilized at 400-600 ℃, the asphalt is mutually bonded, so that the silica single particles are agglomerated, in the fluidization process, collision opportunities of each position on the surfaces of the particles and other particles are almost equal, and on the basis, the agglomerated particles are relatively uniform in size.
The second stage of fluidization is followed by a third stage of fluidization, which in some embodiments is followed by a second stage of fluidization followed by a temperature increase to 700-1200 ℃ at a rate of 1-10 ℃/min. As an example, the temperature rise rate can be 1 deg.C/min, 2 deg.C/min, 3 deg.C/min, 5 deg.C/min, 7 deg.C/min, 8 deg.C/min, 9 deg.C/min, 10 deg.C/min, and the like.
The third stage fluidization is carried out in a reducing gas containing carbon at 700 to 1200 deg.C, and the temperature of the third stage fluidization may be 700 deg.C, 740 deg.C, 760 deg.C, 780 deg.C, 810 deg.C, 830 deg.C, 850 deg.C, 870 deg.C, 890 deg.C, 930 deg.C, 980 deg.C, 1030 deg.C, 1070 deg.C, 1100 deg.C, 1150 deg.C, 1200 deg.C, etc., as an example.
Illustratively, the carbon-containing reducing gas is selected from at least one of methane, ethane, propane, ethylene, propylene, and acetylene. The temperature of the third stage fluidization is higher than the cracking temperature of the carbon-containing reducing gas selected correspondingly, so that the carbon-containing reducing gas is cracked in the third stage fluidization process to generate carbon simple substances which are deposited on the surfaces of the particles.
In other embodiments of the present application, the carbon-containing reducing gas may be other carbon-containing gas, and may be cracked into carbon at 700-1200 ℃.
In the present application, the time for the third stage fluidization is 1 to 10h, and may be, for example, 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h, 8h, 9h, 10h, and the like.
In some embodiments of the present application, the velocity of the gas stream during the third stage of fluidization is from 4 to 20L/min, and may be, for example, 4L/min, 5L/min, 9L/min, 10L/min, 12L/min, 16L/min, 20L/min, and the like.
In the third stage of fluidization, the carbon-containing reducing gas is cracked, the generated carbon atoms are deposited on the surfaces of the particles after the second stage of fluidization, and in the deposition process, the particles are in a suspension state, so that the carbon atoms can be uniformly deposited on the surfaces of the particles. After carbon atoms are uniformly deposited on the surface of the particles, a silicon-oxygen material with a uniform carbon coating layer can be constructed, and the electrochemical properties of the silicon-oxygen material can be greatly improved.
The treatment method of the silicon oxygen material provided by the application has at least the following advantages:
under the action of air flow, the silica single particles continuously move, under the fluidization state, the probability that each position on the surface of each particle is contacted and collided with other particles is almost equal, and the particles are agglomerated in the random collision process to form particles with uniform particle size; in addition, the edge angle formed in the early single-particle crushing process becomes more rounded, the sharp edges and corners of the particles are eliminated, and the preparation process of the subsequent battery is easy to smooth. The treatment method can enable the carbon layer to be uniformly coated on the surface of the silicon-oxygen particles, and improve the electrochemical characteristics of the silicon-oxygen single particles.
The application also provides a silicon-oxygen material, and the silicon-oxygen material is prepared by the silicon-oxygen material treatment method.
In light of the foregoing, embodiments of the present application provide a silicone material that eliminates sharp edges of the particles; the silicon-oxygen material provided by the application has better electrical property, and the first effect of the battery can be improved when the silicon-oxygen material is used for preparing the negative electrode of the battery.
The application also provides a secondary battery cathode, which comprises a substrate and the silicon-oxygen material loaded on at least one surface of the substrate.
Accordingly, the secondary battery negative electrode contains the silicon-oxygen material, and the cycle performance of the battery is favorably improved.
The features and properties of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a silicon-oxygen material which is mainly obtained by processing silicon-oxygen single particles, and the specific processing process is as follows:
1) According to the mass ratio of 20:80 taking asphalt particles with the particle size of 20 mu m and silica single particles with the particle size of 4 mu m, mixing and placing in a fluidized bed.
2) Heating to 150 deg.C at a heating rate of 10 deg.C/min, introducing nitrogen into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at an air flow rate of 10L/min for 8 hr.
3) Heating to 400 deg.C at a heating rate of 10 deg.C/min, introducing nitrogen into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at an air flow rate of 2L/min for 5 hr.
4) Heating to 1000 deg.C at a heating rate of 10 deg.C/min, introducing methane into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at an air flow rate of 5L/min for 1 hr.
5) Cooling to room temperature, taking out, sieving and removing magnetism to obtain the silica material.
Fig. 1 shows an SEM image of the silicon oxide material prepared in example 1, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that the treatment method provided in example 1 effectively realizes the conversion of silicon oxide material particles into secondary particles, and such secondary particles with a micro-pore structure can effectively improve the cycle performance of the silicon oxide material.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a silicon-oxygen material which is mainly obtained by processing silicon-oxygen single particles, and the specific processing process is as follows:
1) According to the mass ratio of 2:98 taking the asphalt particles with the particle size of 2 mu m and the silica single particles with the particle size of 10 mu m, mixing and placing in a fluidized bed.
2) Heating to 150 deg.C at a heating rate of 10 deg.C/min, introducing nitrogen into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at a gas flow rate of 30L/min for 8 hr.
3) Heating to 400 deg.C at a heating rate of 8 deg.C/min, introducing nitrogen into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at an air flow rate of 3L/min for 3 hr.
4) Raising the temperature to 1200 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 6 ℃/min, introducing ethane into the fluidized bed for fluidization, wherein the air flow rate is 6L/min, and the fluidization is carried out for 5 hours.
5) Cooling to room temperature, taking out, sieving and removing magnetism to obtain the silica material.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a silicon-oxygen material which is mainly obtained by processing silicon-oxygen single particles, and the specific processing process is as follows:
1) According to the mass ratio of 15:85 the asphalt particles with the particle size of 10 mu m and the silica single particles with the particle size of 8 mu m are mixed and then are placed in a fluidized bed.
2) Heating to 200 deg.C at a heating rate of 1 deg.C/min, introducing nitrogen into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at a gas flow rate of 30L/min for 8 hr.
3) Heating to 400 deg.C at a heating rate of 1 deg.C/min, introducing nitrogen into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at an air flow rate of 5L/min for 5 hr.
4) Heating to 700 deg.C at a rate of 1 deg.C/min, introducing acetylene into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at an air flow rate of 6L/min for 3h.
5) Cooling to room temperature, taking out, sieving and removing magnetism to obtain the silica material.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a silicon-oxygen material which is mainly obtained by processing silicon-oxygen single particles, and the specific processing process is as follows:
1) According to the mass ratio of 2:98 taking asphalt particles with the particle size of 2 mu m and silica single particles with the particle size of 4 mu m, mixing and placing in a fluidized bed.
2) Heating to 251 deg.C at a heating rate of 5 deg.C/min, introducing nitrogen into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at an air flow rate of 15L/min for 6 hr.
3) Heating to 500 deg.C at a rate of 5 deg.C/min, introducing nitrogen into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at an air flow rate of 5L/min for 4 hr.
4) Heating to 900 deg.C at a heating rate of 6 deg.C/min, introducing propane into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at an air flow rate of 5L/min for 8 hr.
5) Cooling to room temperature, taking out, sieving and removing magnetism to obtain the silica material.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a silicon-oxygen material which is mainly obtained by processing silicon-oxygen single particles, and the specific processing process is as follows:
1) According to the mass ratio of 10:90 taking asphalt particles with the particle size of 6 mu m and silica single particles with the particle size of 8 mu m, mixing and placing in a fluidized bed.
2) Heating to 250 deg.C at a heating rate of 9 deg.C/min, introducing nitrogen into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at a gas flow rate of 30L/min for 7h.
3) Heating to 500 deg.C at a heating rate of 7 deg.C/min, introducing nitrogen into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at an air flow rate of 6L/min for 3 hr.
4) Heating to 900 deg.C at a heating rate of 7 deg.C/min, introducing methane into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at an air flow rate of 10L/min for 5 hr.
5) Cooling to room temperature, taking out, sieving and removing magnetism to obtain the silica material.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a silicone material, obtained mainly by treatment of a single particle of silicone, see example 1, which differs from example 1 in that it is not carried out in a fluidized bed; in this comparative example, step 2), step 3), step 4) were as follows:
2) Putting the material obtained in the step 1) into rotary furnace equipment, filling nitrogen into the equipment, and stirring for 8 hours at 150 ℃.
3) Heating to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, introducing nitrogen and stirring for 5h.
4) Heating to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, introducing methane and stirring for 1h.
5) Cooling to room temperature, taking out, sieving and removing magnetism to obtain the silica material.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a silicone material, obtained mainly by treatment of a silicone single particle, see example 1, which differs from example 1 in that step 3) is not carried out), step 4) being carried out directly after step 2) is completed.
1) According to the mass ratio of 20:80 taking asphalt particles with the particle size of 20 mu m and silica single particles with the particle size of 4 mu m, mixing and placing in a fluidized bed.
2) Heating to 1000 deg.C at a heating rate of 10 deg.C/min, introducing methane into the fluidized bed for fluidizing at an air flow rate of 5L/min for 1 hr. 3) Cooling to room temperature, taking out, sieving and removing magnetism to obtain the silica material.
Examples of the experiments
Examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were examined.
(1) And (3) morphology testing: carrying out morphology detection on the graphite composite material prepared in the example 1 by adopting a scanning electron microscope (SEM, SU81510 type);
(2) Testing the particle size distribution of the material: d50 test of the resulting material the material was obtained from the malvern 3000 instrument test.
(3) And (3) electrochemical performance testing:
uniformly mixing the obtained negative electrode material with SBR, CMC and SP in a ratio of 85 to 1.8, coating the mixture on a copper foil, preparing a pole piece with the diameter of 12mm by drying, rolling and cutting, and assembling the pole piece and a metal lithium piece into a button cell, wherein the electrolyte is conventional lithium ion battery electrolyte, and the diaphragm is a PP diaphragm. Electrochemical performance testing conventional battery charging and discharging was performed on a blue tester.
The capacity of the negative electrode material is the half-cell specific mass capacity measured at a rate of 0.1C. The test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003131482740000111
As can be seen from table 1: after the treatment process, the silica material can effectively construct an agglomeration system of secondary particles, and compared with the preparation process of a conventional rotary furnace, the obtained particles are smaller in size and are not easy to form large particle agglomeration. Compared with a single-particle silicon oxygen material, the formed secondary particle material has more excellent cycle performance, and the cycle service life of the battery is prolonged.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A method for treating a silicon-oxygen material, comprising:
carrying out first-stage fluidization on the silica single particles and the asphalt particles at the temperature of 150-350 ℃ in an inert atmosphere;
then carrying out second-stage fluidization at 400-600 ℃ in an inert atmosphere; then the
Carrying out third-stage fluidization in reducing gas containing carbon at 700-1200 ℃ to crack the reducing gas;
wherein the particle size of the asphalt particles is 2-20 μm; the speed of the gas flow in the first section of fluidization is 10-40L/min.
2. The method of processing a silicone material according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the silicone single particles is 2 to 10 μm.
3. The method for treating a silicon material according to claim 1,
the carbon-containing reducing gas is selected from at least one of methane, ethane, propane, ethylene, propylene and acetylene.
4. The method for treating a silicone material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first-stage fluidization is further performed after the temperature is raised to 150 to 350 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 1 to 10 ℃/min before the first-stage fluidization; the first stage fluidization time is 1-8h.
5. The method for treating a silicone material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second-stage fluidization is performed after the first-stage fluidization by raising the temperature to 400 to 600 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 1 to 10 ℃/min.
6. The process for treating a silicone material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second stage of fluidization is carried out for a period of time ranging from 1 to 5 hours.
7. The method for treating a silicone material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second stage fluidization is followed by heating to 700 to 1200 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 to 10 ℃/min and then carrying out the third stage fluidization.
8. The process for treating a silicone material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the third stage of fluidization is carried out for a period of time ranging from 1 to 10 hours.
9. A silicone material, characterized in that it is obtained by a process for treating a silicone material according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A negative electrode for a secondary battery, comprising a substrate and the silicon oxygen material according to claim 9 supported on at least one surface of the substrate.
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