CN113433996A - Auxiliary power supply circuit with wide input voltage range - Google Patents
Auxiliary power supply circuit with wide input voltage range Download PDFInfo
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- CN113433996A CN113433996A CN202010206050.0A CN202010206050A CN113433996A CN 113433996 A CN113433996 A CN 113433996A CN 202010206050 A CN202010206050 A CN 202010206050A CN 113433996 A CN113433996 A CN 113433996A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an auxiliary power supply circuit with a wide input voltage range, which is used for supplying power to be connected with a working voltage conversion circuit of a direct current power converter with the wide input voltage range and comprises a voltage follower unit and a voltage comparison unit, wherein the voltage follower unit comprises an electronic switch, a resistor and a voltage stabilizing diode; the second terminal of the electronic switch can provide a stable auxiliary voltage before and after the input voltage rises to the breakdown of the voltage regulator diode.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a power supply circuit, and more particularly to an auxiliary power supply circuit with a wide input voltage range.
Background
The wide input voltage range DC power converter is characterized by that it can receive input voltage range from low voltage to high voltage, and after conversion it can produce an output voltage, and said output voltage can be kept at a certain value, and can be supplied to next-stage circuit (load). For example, the circuit architecture of the wide input voltage range dc power converter may include electronic components such as a transformer, an operating voltage converting circuit, an Integrated Circuit (IC), such as a pulse width modulation controller (PWM controller), a feedback circuit, and a transistor ….
In the aforementioned wide input voltage range dc power converter, the operating voltage of the electronic component is from the operating voltage converting circuit, and the operating voltage converting circuit may be, for example, a Buck converter (Buck converter), the input voltage received by the Buck converter is the same as the dc power converter, and also falls within the wide input voltage range, and the Buck converter converts the input voltage into the operating voltage required by the electronic component.
However, in actual operation of the buck-type circuit, before reaching a stable voltage state, for example, when the input voltage of the buck-type circuit is close to the output voltage (i.e., the operating voltage), the waveform of the output voltage of the buck-type circuit may generate a ripple (ripple) instability phenomenon, which causes the operating voltage provided to the electronic component to be unstable, and directly affects the normal operation of the electronic component.
Disclosure of Invention
The main objective of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary power supply circuit with a wide input voltage range, which is electrically connected to a working voltage conversion circuit of a dc power converter with a wide input voltage range, so that the present invention provides a stable working voltage required by the electronic device before the working voltage conversion circuit reaches a voltage stabilization state, so as to overcome the disadvantage that the electronic device in the prior art cannot receive a stable working voltage and cannot operate normally.
The invention provides an auxiliary power supply circuit with wide input voltage range for supplying power to a working voltage conversion circuit of a direct current power converter with wide input voltage range, comprising:
a voltage follower unit, comprising:
the electronic switch is provided with a first end, a second end and a control end, wherein the first end is electrically connected with a voltage input end of the working voltage conversion circuit, and the second end is electrically connected with a voltage output end of the working voltage conversion circuit;
a resistor electrically connected between the first end and the control end of the electronic switch; and
a voltage stabilizing diode, the cathode end of which is electrically connected with the control end of the electronic switch; and
and the voltage comparison unit comprises a detection end and an output end, the detection end is electrically connected with the voltage input end of the working voltage conversion circuit, and the output end of the voltage comparison unit is electrically connected with the control end of the electronic switch.
In the aforementioned auxiliary power supply circuit with a wide input voltage range, the electronic switch of the voltage follower unit is a first electronic switch, the breakdown voltage of the zener diode is less than a threshold voltage, the threshold voltage is equal to a steady-state output voltage of the operating voltage converting circuit, and the breakdown voltage of the zener diode is less than the steady-state output voltage; the voltage comparison unit includes: the comparator is provided with a normal phase input end, an inverted phase input end and an output end, the normal phase input end is used as the detection end of the voltage comparison unit, the inverted phase input end is electrically connected with a reference voltage, the reference voltage corresponds to a protection voltage, and the protection voltage is greater than the threshold voltage; and the second electronic switch is provided with a first end, a second end and a control end, the first end of the second electronic switch is used as the output end of the voltage comparison unit, the second end of the second electronic switch is grounded, and the control end of the second electronic switch is electrically connected with the output end of the comparator.
In the aforementioned auxiliary power supply circuit with a wide input voltage range, the first electronic switch is a bipolar junction transistor, and the first terminal, the second terminal and the control terminal thereof are a collector terminal, an emitter terminal and a base terminal, respectively.
In the aforementioned auxiliary power supply circuit with a wide input voltage range, the second electronic switch is an N-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, and the first terminal, the second terminal and the control terminal thereof are a drain terminal, a source terminal and a gate terminal, respectively.
When the input voltage received by the working voltage conversion circuit is close to the output voltage in the voltage stabilizing state, the output voltage generates an unstable phenomenon of voltage ripple (ripple), and at this time, according to the circuit architecture of the auxiliary power supply circuit with the wide input voltage range, in the voltage follower, when the input voltage rises to the breakdown of the voltage stabilizing diode, the voltage of the second end of the electronic switch is approximately equal to the input voltage, and the voltage can be directly provided as the auxiliary voltage to the electronic element of the direct current power converter with the wide input voltage range; when the input voltage rises to the breakdown of the voltage stabilizing diode, the second end of the electronic switch can provide the stabilized auxiliary voltage to the electronic component. As described above, before and after the input voltage rises to the breakdown of the zener diode, the electronic device can normally operate under the stable operating voltage, and the disadvantage that the electronic device cannot normally operate because the electronic device cannot receive the stable operating voltage in the prior art is overcome. Along with the increase of the input voltage, after the working voltage conversion circuit reaches a voltage stabilization state, the output voltage is stabilized, and the voltage comparison unit can close the electronic switch of the voltage follower unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an auxiliary power supply circuit electrically connected to a wide input voltage range DC power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an auxiliary power supply circuit with a wide input voltage range according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an auxiliary power supply circuit with a wide input voltage range according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a voltage timing diagram of an embodiment of an auxiliary power supply circuit with a wide input voltage range according to the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
10 wide input voltage range DC power converter
100 operating voltage converting circuit 101 voltage input terminal
102 voltage output terminal 200 auxiliary power supply circuit
20 voltage follower unit 300 output terminal
30 voltage comparison unit 31 comparator
Vin input voltage Vout output voltage
VBOutput voltage Vcc operating voltage
Q1 electronic switch R3 resistor
ZD1 zener diode VEAuxiliary voltage
VDETResistor with detection end R1
R2 resistor Q2 second electronic switch
VZBreakdown voltage C1 capacitor
VXVoltage of control terminal of electronic switch
Detailed Description
The technical means adopted by the invention to achieve the predetermined object of the invention are further described below with reference to the drawings and the preferred embodiments of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the wide input voltage range auxiliary power supply circuit 200 of the present invention can be applied to a wide input voltage range dc power converter 10. the wide input voltage range dc power converter 10 is characterized by receiving an input voltage range from a low voltage to a high voltage, and generating an output voltage Vout after conversion, wherein the output voltage Vout can be maintained at a certain value to be supplied to a next stage circuit (load). Generally, the circuit architecture of the wide input voltage range dc power converter 10 may include, for example, electronic components such as a transformer, an operating voltage converting circuit, an Integrated Circuit (IC), a feedback circuit, and a transistor …, and the operating voltage of the electronic components is derived from the operating voltage converting circuit; for example, the Integrated Circuit (IC) may be a pulse width modulation controller (PWM controller) …, for example.
Referring to fig. 2, the operating voltage converting circuit 100 has a voltage input terminal 101 and a voltage output terminal 102, the voltage input terminal 101 is for receiving an input voltage Vin of a dc, the input voltage Vin has a wide input voltage range, and the voltage output terminal 102 generates an output voltage VB. When the input voltage Vin is greater than a threshold voltage, the operating voltage converting circuit 100 can reach a stable voltage state,let the output voltage VBCan be kept at a certain value to form a steady-state output voltage which can be used as the working voltage Vcc of the electronic element, wherein the threshold voltage can be equal to the steady-state output voltage; for example, the input voltage Vin may be a dc voltage ranging from 0V to 160V, and the steady-state output voltage and the threshold voltage may be constant values of 12V, but not limited to the above voltage values. The operating voltage converting circuit 100 may be, for example, a conventional Buck (Buck) circuit, a Forward (Forward) circuit, a Flyback (Flyback) circuit, a Push-Pull (Push-Pull) circuit …, and the operating voltage converting circuit 100 is exemplified by a Buck (Buck) circuit.
As shown in fig. 2, the auxiliary power supply circuit 200 of the present invention includes a voltage follower unit 20 and a voltage comparator unit 30.
The voltage follower unit 20 includes an electronic switch Q1, a resistor R3, and a Zener diode (Zener diode) ZD 1. The electronic switch Q1 is a three-terminal device and has a first terminal electrically connected to the voltage input terminal 101 of the working voltage converting circuit 100, a second terminal electrically connected to the voltage output terminal 102 of the working voltage converting circuit 100, and a control terminal for outputting an auxiliary voltage VEThe auxiliary voltage VEMay be slightly less than the steady state output voltage, e.g., may be less than 1V; the resistor R3 is electrically connected between the first terminal and the control terminal of the electronic switch Q1; the cathode terminal of the zener diode ZD1 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the electronic switch Q1, the anode terminal of the zener diode ZD1 is grounded, and the breakdown voltage V of the zener diode ZD1ZLess than the steady state output voltage. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the electronic switch Q1 may be a transistor, such as a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT), but not limited thereto, the first terminal of the electronic switch Q1 is a Collector terminal (Collector), the second terminal thereof is an Emitter terminal (Emitter), and the control terminal thereof is a Base terminal (Base). Therefore, the connection structure of the electronic switch Q1 and the resistor R3 forms an Emitter follower (Emitter follower), and when the electronic switch Q1 is turned on, the auxiliary voltage V is appliedEThe base voltage of the electronic switch Q1 is reduced by 0.7V; when the electricity is generatedThe sub-switch Q1 is turned off, and the auxiliary voltage VEOff with no output.
The voltage comparison unit 30 includes a detection terminal VDETAnd an output terminal 300, the detection terminal VDETThe voltage input terminal 101 of the operating voltage converting circuit 100 is electrically connected to detect the magnitude of the input voltage Vin, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the detecting terminal V of the voltage comparing unit 30DETA voltage dividing circuit formed by two resistors R1, R2 to detect the magnitude of the input voltage Vin; the output terminal 300 of the voltage comparing unit 30 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the electronic switch Q1, so as to drive the electronic switch Q1 to turn on or off according to the magnitude of the input voltage Vin.
In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, for convenience of description, the electronic switch Q1 of the voltage follower unit 20 is referred to as a first electronic switch, and the possible embodiment of the voltage comparison unit 30 may include a comparator 31 and a second electronic switch Q2.
The comparator 31 has a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal and an output terminal, the positive input terminal is used as the detection terminal V of the voltage comparison unit 30DETThe inverting input terminal is electrically connected to a reference voltage Vref, the reference voltage Vref corresponds to a protection voltage, the protection voltage is greater than the threshold voltage, and the reference voltage Vref may be equal to the divided voltage of the protection voltage at the resistor R2, such as the voltage value mentioned above, the threshold voltage may be 12V, and the protection voltage may be 15V; the second electronic switch Q2 is a three-terminal device and has a first terminal, a second terminal and a control terminal, the first terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 is used as the output terminal 300 of the voltage comparing unit 30, the second terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 is connected to ground, and the control terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the comparator 31. In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the second electronic switch Q2 is an N-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (N-channel MOSFET), for example, and has a first terminal serving as a Drain terminal (Drain), a second terminal serving as a Source terminal (Source), and a control terminal serving as a Gate terminal (Gate).
The following description, in conjunction with the waveform diagram shown in fig. 4, illustrates the technical effects achieved by the circuit architecture of the present invention. Whether the operating voltage converting circuit 100 reaches a stable voltage state is determined according to whether the input voltage Vin is greater than the threshold value. The voltage at the second terminal of the electronic switch Q1 is approximately equal to the input voltage Vin, and can be directly provided as the auxiliary voltage V based on the characteristics of the emitter follower before the time point t1 when the input voltage Vin starts from 0VEFor the electronic components of the wide input voltage range dc power converter 10, the input voltage Vin is still small and cannot cause the breakdown of the zener diode ZD1, and the detection terminal VDETIs less than the reference voltage Vref, so that the comparator 31 outputs a low voltage, the second electronic switch Q2 is turned off, and the voltage V at the control terminal of the electronic switch Q1 is lowXReference may be made to fig. 4.
Between time t1 and t2, the input voltage Vin approaches the output voltage VBResulting in the operating voltage converting circuit 100 not reaching a stable voltage state, so the output voltage VBThe waveform between time t1 and time t2 is seen as an unstable voltage ripple (ripple) with a voltage drop, when the input voltage Vin is so large that the zener diode ZD1 breaks down, the voltage V at the control terminal of the electronic switch Q1XIs maintained at the breakdown voltage V of the zener diode ZD1ZThe breakdown voltage VZThe electronic switch Q1 can be turned on, so that VE＝VZ-0.7 (V). Since the electronic switch Q1 is turned on, the auxiliary voltage V can be outputtedETo supply said operating voltage Vcc, from an auxiliary voltage VEThe voltage drop of the compensation voltage ripple is used to maintain the stability of the operating voltage Vcc. Between time t1 and t2, the input voltage Vin is still less than the threshold voltage, and the detection terminal VDETIs still less than the reference voltage Vref, the second electronic switch Q2 is still turned off.
Between time t2 and time t3, the input voltage Vin reaches the threshold voltage, which means that the operating voltage converting circuit 100 is in a stable state and a stable output voltage V can be outputB(steady state output voltage) as the operating voltage Vcc. At this time, the input voltage Vin still does not reach the protection voltage, soThe detection end VDETIs still less than the reference voltage Vref, the second electronic switch Q2 is still turned off. On the other hand, as described above, the breakdown voltage V of the zener diode ZD1ZLess than the output voltage V which remains constant after voltage stabilizationB(Steady-state output voltage), so for the electronic switch Q1, its emitter terminal and base terminal are in reverse-bias state, resulting in auxiliary voltage VEPassively closed, mainly by the output voltage VBThe operating voltage Vcc is provided (steady state output voltage).
After time t3, the output voltage V has already been adjustedBThe operating voltage Vcc is provided (steady state output voltage). When the input voltage Vin reaches the protection voltage, the detection terminal V is enabledDETIs greater than the reference voltage Vref, the comparator 31 outputs a high voltage, the second electronic switch Q2 is turned on, and the base terminal of the electronic switch Q1 of the voltage follower 20 is turned off at a low voltage. It should be noted that the present invention first provides the auxiliary voltage V from time t2 to time t3EThe electronic switch Q1 is turned off passively instead of directly at the time point t2, so that the auxiliary voltage V can be effectively prevented from being turned on at the moment of high voltageERise rate ratio output voltage VBMore quickly, the electronic switch Q1 will be momentarily subjected to high power resulting in a burn-out condition.
In summary, when the input voltage Vin is close to the threshold voltage, the output voltage V is detectedBAn unstable phenomenon of voltage ripple (ripple) is generated, but a relatively stable auxiliary voltage V is provided by the second terminal of the electronic switch Q1 of the voltage follower 20 of the present inventionEThereby achieving the technical effect of enabling the electronic component to normally operate under the stable operating voltage Vcc. When the input voltage Vin is greater than the threshold voltage, it represents that the operating voltage converting circuit 100 enters a stable voltage state, so the voltage output terminal 102 provides the output voltage VB(steady state output voltage) as the operating voltage Vcc to the electronic component. In general, the operating voltage Vcc is stable regardless of whether the input voltage Vin is at a low voltage or a high voltage, so as to ensure that the electronic device can operate normally.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. An auxiliary power supply circuit with a wide input voltage range, characterized in that, a working voltage conversion circuit for supplying power to a direct current power converter with a wide input voltage range, comprises:
a voltage follower unit, comprising:
the electronic switch is provided with a first end, a second end and a control end, wherein the first end is electrically connected with a voltage input end of the working voltage conversion circuit, and the second end is electrically connected with a voltage output end of the working voltage conversion circuit;
the resistor is electrically connected between the first end and the control end of the electronic switch; and
the cathode end of the voltage stabilizing diode is electrically connected with the control end of the electronic switch; and
and the voltage comparison unit comprises a detection end and an output end, the detection end is electrically connected with the voltage input end of the working voltage conversion circuit, and the output end of the voltage comparison unit is electrically connected with the control end of the electronic switch.
2. The wide input voltage range auxiliary power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein the electronic switch of the voltage follower unit is a first electronic switch, the breakdown voltage of the zener diode is less than a threshold voltage, the threshold voltage is equal to a steady-state output voltage of the operating voltage converting circuit, and the breakdown voltage of the zener diode is less than the steady-state output voltage;
the voltage comparison unit includes:
the voltage comparison unit is provided with a positive phase input end, a negative phase input end and an output end, wherein the positive phase input end is used as the detection end of the voltage comparison unit, the negative phase input end is electrically connected with a reference voltage, the reference voltage corresponds to a protection voltage, and the protection voltage is greater than the threshold voltage; and
the second electronic switch is provided with a first end, a second end and a control end, the first end of the second electronic switch is used as the output end of the voltage comparison unit, the second end of the second electronic switch is grounded, and the control end of the second electronic switch is electrically connected with the output end of the comparator.
3. The auxiliary power supply circuit with wide input voltage range of claim 2, wherein the first electronic switch is a bipolar junction transistor, and the first terminal, the second terminal and the control terminal thereof are a collector terminal, an emitter terminal and a base terminal, respectively.
4. The auxiliary power supply circuit of claim 2, wherein the second electronic switch is an N-channel mosfet having a drain terminal, a source terminal and a gate terminal respectively at the first terminal, the second terminal and the control terminal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010206050.0A CN113433996B (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Auxiliary power supply circuit with wide input voltage range |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010206050.0A CN113433996B (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Auxiliary power supply circuit with wide input voltage range |
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| CN113433996B CN113433996B (en) | 2023-05-23 |
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| US20150160666A1 (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-11 | Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co. Ltd. | Circuit and method for optimizing input voltage range of ic chip |
| CN205318269U (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-06-15 | 北京动力源科技股份有限公司 | Adjustable linear stabilized power supply and have electrical equipment of this power |
| CN206452296U (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-08-29 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | A kind of ultra-wide input voltage range Switching Power Supply start-up circuit |
| CN108173426A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-06-15 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | A kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop |
| TWM591640U (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-03-01 | 捷拓科技股份有限公司 | Power conversion circuit with single-stage double-switch wide input range |
| CN211506286U (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-09-15 | 捷拓科技股份有限公司 | Auxiliary power supply circuit with wide input voltage range |
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2020
- 2020-03-23 CN CN202010206050.0A patent/CN113433996B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH03195359A (en) * | 1989-12-21 | 1991-08-26 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Dc power device |
| CN1275727A (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2000-12-06 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Voltage generating circuit capable of stable supplying voltage without over-rated-voltage for power supply |
| CN2419735Y (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2001-02-14 | 海信集团公司 | Switch electric power with wide inputting range |
| JP2001309653A (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2001-11-02 | Sony Corp | Switching power supply device |
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