CN113417249A - Hydraulic engineering retaining wall and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Hydraulic engineering retaining wall and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113417249A CN113417249A CN202110574478.5A CN202110574478A CN113417249A CN 113417249 A CN113417249 A CN 113417249A CN 202110574478 A CN202110574478 A CN 202110574478A CN 113417249 A CN113417249 A CN 113417249A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/066—Quays
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/08—Structures of loose stones with or without piles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a hydraulic engineering retaining wall and a construction method thereof, wherein the retaining wall comprises a plurality of groups of wall units which are spliced with each other along the horizontal direction, one side of each wall unit, facing a water body, is detachably connected with a buffer assembly, the buffer assembly comprises a buffer plate and a buffer spring fixed on one side, close to the wall unit, of the buffer plate, and one end, far away from the buffer plate, of the buffer spring is abutted against the wall unit; the wall unit is provided with a limiting part and a blocking part, the limiting part is used for blocking the horizontal movement of the buffer board along the direction parallel to the splicing of the wall unit, the blocking part is used for blocking the vertical movement of the buffer board along the direction perpendicular to the extension of the buffer spring, and the blocking part can be detachably arranged on the wall unit. The method and the device have the effect of low maintenance difficulty after cracking.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a retaining wall of the hydraulic engineering and a construction method of the retaining wall.
Background
Hydraulic engineering is an engineering built for controlling and allocating surface water and underground water in nature to achieve the purposes of removing harmful substances and benefiting. The retaining wall is a type of hydraulic engineering and has the functions of supporting filled soil or soil bodies and preventing the filled soil or the soil bodies from deforming and collapsing due to instability.
Hydraulic engineering retaining wall among the correlation technique adopts the stone to build usually and forms, and the retaining wall is owing to receive the impact of the water before the slope, and the easy fracture of surface and formation crack after long-time the use to this crack can be along with the continuous impact of water and progressively increase, leads to the firm degree of retaining wall to reduce, therefore need in time repair the crack after the retaining wall fracture.
However, the retaining wall in the related art is a whole after the construction is completed, so that an operator is inconvenient to repair a crack extending into the retaining wall, and the retaining wall is difficult to maintain after cracking and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce the maintenance difficulty after cracking, the application provides a hydraulic engineering retaining wall and a construction method thereof.
First aspect, the application provides a hydraulic engineering retaining wall adopts following technical scheme:
a retaining wall for hydraulic engineering comprises a plurality of groups of wall units which are spliced with each other along the horizontal direction, wherein one side, facing a water body, of each wall unit is detachably connected with a buffer assembly, each buffer assembly comprises a buffer plate and a buffer spring fixed on one side, close to the wall unit, of the buffer plate, and one end, far away from the buffer plate, of each buffer spring is abutted against the corresponding wall unit; the wall unit is provided with a limiting part and a blocking part, the limiting part is used for blocking the horizontal movement of the buffer board along the direction parallel to the splicing of the wall unit, the blocking part is used for blocking the vertical movement of the buffer board along the direction perpendicular to the extension of the buffer spring, and the blocking part can be detachably arranged on the wall unit.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the buffering subassembly sets up the one side that is close to the water at wall body unit, when the water rocks because of receiving exogenic action such as wind-force, the water can produce the impact to the buffer board before the slope, make the buffer board compression rather than continuous buffer spring, thereby convert the water to the partial impact force of buffer board to buffer spring's pressure, in order to reduce the water to the impact of buffer board, the buffer board is not fragile fracture, retaining wall's shock-absorbing capacity is high, long service life.
When the buffer board was because of receiving the water body effect displacement, the locating part can stop the buffer board along the direction horizontal movement that is on a parallel with the concatenation of wall body unit, and the piece of blockking can stop the buffer board along the flexible direction vertical motion of perpendicular to buffer spring, has improved the stability of buffer board. When the buffer board damages the fracture back, operating personnel can separate earlier and stop piece and wall body unit, and equipment such as reuse hoist lifts the buffer board after the fracture to separate original buffer board and wall body unit, so that operating personnel maintains the buffer board after the fracture, compare in directly on the retaining wall operation prosthetic mode staff's activity space bigger, the maintenance degree of difficulty is lower. In addition, because the space for installing the buffer spring is reserved between the buffer board and the wall unit, when the buffer board is impacted, the impact force is not easy to be transmitted to the wall unit from the buffer board, and the depth of the crack of the retaining wall is small and the loss degree is low.
Optionally, the wall body unit includes the base plate, is located roof directly over the base plate, sets up panel and fixed plate and two backplates of establishing in the base plate both sides between base plate and roof, base plate, roof, panel, fixed plate and backplate are concrete slab and enclose to close and are formed with fixed chamber, the panel slope sets up in one side of fixed plate towards the water to the side of panel towards the water is the obtuse angle with the contained angle that the base plate formed.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the wall body unit is assembled by the prefabricated concrete slab of polylith and forms, compares in the time of the outdoor construction of the mode of building by laying bricks or stones on the spot shorter, efficiency is higher. The panel is the slope setting and can effectively reduce the impact force of water to the wall body unit, improves the shock resistance of wall body unit.
Optionally, the locating part includes that two are relative to be set up the limiting plate of keeping away from fixed plate one side at the panel, and the terminal surface that two limiting plates are close to each other is equipped with the spacing groove respectively, the spacing groove extends along the flexible direction of perpendicular to buffer spring, and the width of spacing groove is greater than the thickness of buffer plate, the bottom butt of buffer plate slides respectively at the both ends of base plate upside, buffer plate and sets up in two spacing grooves.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, during the assembly buffer board, slide the both ends of buffer board respectively from the upper end opening of two spacing grooves and stretch into, the bottom butt of buffer board is at the upside of base plate, and is easy and simple to handle. At this moment, the two limiting blocks respectively support and block the two opposite sides of the buffer plate, so that the horizontal movement of the buffer plate can be effectively blocked, and the stability of the buffer plate is high.
Optionally, a horizontally extending dovetail groove is formed in the side surface of the top plate, the blocking member includes a dovetail block, one end of the dovetail block is slidably disposed in the dovetail groove, and the dovetail block abuts against the right upper side of the buffer plate when extending out of the dovetail groove; the upper side of the end part of the dovetail block, which is far away from the dovetail groove, is fixed with a pushing block, and the upper side groove wall of the dovetail groove is provided with a notch for the pushing block to slide and extend into at the opening end of the dovetail groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the buffer board installation back that targets in place, the dovetail is pushed out in order to the one end with the dovetail to the operation ejector pad for the dovetail butt is at the upside of buffer board, thereby avoids the buffer board to shift up when receiving the ascending impact of water slant, has further improved the stability of buffer board. When the buffer plate is detached for maintenance or replacement, the push block is operated to enable the push block to be accommodated into the notch, and the dovetail block is separated from the buffer plate, so that the buffer plate can move upwards relative to the face plate without being supported by the dovetail block.
Optionally, the number of the fixed plates is multiple, the fixed plates are arranged between the base plate and the top plate at intervals, a plurality of supporting plates fixed on the base plate are further arranged between the panel and the fixed plate close to the panel, the fixed plates and the supporting plates respectively comprise at least one prefabricated plate distributed along the vertical direction, and two adjacent prefabricated plates in the vertical direction are detachably connected through at least one group of connecting pieces.
By adopting the technical scheme, the number of the fixing plates is multiple, so that the structural strength inside the fixing cavity is enhanced, and the construction efficiency of the wall unit can be further improved; the supporting plate is abutted to the lower part of the panel and plays a role of assisting in supporting the panel. The fixed plate and the supporting plate comprise the prefabricated plates connected in a splicing mode, operators can conveniently correspondingly select the prefabricated plates in different quantities to assemble according to the condition of a construction site, the height of the fixed plate and the height of the supporting plate are changed, wall units with different heights can be formed conveniently, and the practicability is high.
Optionally, the connecting member includes a connecting plate, a water stop pad fixed on one side of the connecting plate close to the precast slab, and a plurality of connecting bolts respectively penetrating through the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate, and the connecting bolts are respectively in threaded connection with the precast slabs adjacent thereto.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the two prefabricated plates which are vertically distributed are assembled, the upper end and the lower end of the connecting plate are respectively abutted against different prefabricated plates, and then the connecting bolt penetrates through the connecting plate and is in threaded connection with the prefabricated plates, so that the connecting plate is fixed on the two prefabricated plates, the operation is simple and convenient, and the installation efficiency is high. When water seeps into the wall unit, the water stop pad can effectively prevent water from seeping outwards from the gap between the two prefabricated plates, and the waterproof performance of the wall unit is improved.
Optionally, a partition plate is connected between two adjacent prefabricated plates in the horizontal direction, the partition plate partitions the fixed cavity to form a plurality of partition cavities, and sand and gravel are filled in the partition cavities.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, sand gravel packs in the compartment, has further improved wall unit's structural strength and water impact resistance, has prolonged retaining wall's life.
Optionally, a through hole extending from the panel to the fixing plate is formed in the side face of the partition plate, a drainage hole is formed in the middle of the prefabricated plate, openings in two sides of the drainage hole are respectively communicated with the through holes adjacent to the drainage hole, a flow guide pipe communicated with the drainage hole adjacent to the flow guide pipe is fixed on the panel, and an overflow hole is formed in the top end of the buffer plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the buffer board did not appear the crack, highly being greater than the high back in overflow hole when the surface of water, the water that is higher than the overflow hole can follow the clearance of overflow hole seepage flow to buffer board and panel. After the crack appears in the buffer board, the water can be along above-mentioned crack seepage flow to the clearance of buffer board and panel to outwards discharge along the honeycomb duct that the panel bottom was seted up, the water is difficult for piling up between buffer board and panel and produces the impact to the panel, and the drainage is prevented leaking effectually.
Optionally, a waterproof blanket is laid on one side of the panel facing the buffer plate, and a reinforcing layer is arranged on one side of the waterproof blanket close to the buffer plate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the waterproof blanket can form a uniform high-density colloidal waterproof layer in the blanket when meeting water, so that water is effectively prevented from leaking to the panel, and the panel is prevented from being cracked and damaged; the reinforcing layer is located between waterproof blanket and the buffer board, not only plays the effect of the waterproof blanket of location, can also further strengthen the panel.
On the other hand, the construction method of the retaining wall of the hydraulic engineering adopts the following technical scheme,
a construction method of a retaining wall of a hydraulic engineering comprises the following steps:
s1, leveling the ground of the wall unit to be installed, and fixing the substrate on the leveled ground;
s2, mounting a fixed plate and a supporting plate, arranging a plurality of prefabricated plates on a base plate at intervals along the horizontal direction, filling sand gravel into a gap formed by two adjacent prefabricated plates in the horizontal direction, connecting a partition plate between the two adjacent prefabricated plates, and communicating the through hole with a drainage hole; then, arranging the other prefabricated plate on the installed prefabricated plate in a manner of being erected on the installed prefabricated plate, connecting the two prefabricated plates which are adjacent in the vertical direction through a connecting piece, laying a layer of sand gravel, and connecting a partition plate between the two prefabricated plates which are adjacent in the horizontal direction; repeating the steps to realize the assembly and fixation of the fixed plates and the supporting plates, wherein the number of the precast slabs contained in each fixed plate is equal, and the number of the precast slabs contained in the supporting plates is gradually reduced towards one side far away from the fixed plates;
s3, mounting a panel and a guide pipe, wherein the panel is obliquely fixed on the upper side of the substrate, so that the panel is abutted against the upper side of the support plate, and the guide pipe which is communicated with the adjacent drainage holes is fixed on the panel;
s4, mounting a top plate and a back plate, fixing the top plate above the panel and the precast plate at the uppermost end together, and fixing the back plates on two opposite sides of the base plate respectively;
s5, installing a buffer plate and a dovetail block, inserting two ends of the buffer plate into the limiting grooves respectively, enabling the buffer spring to be abutted against the panel, and then enabling the dovetail block to extend into the dovetail groove in a sliding mode, so that the dovetail block is abutted against the upper side of the buffer plate;
and S6, repeating S1-S5 to splice and mount the wall units on the ground along the horizontal direction, thereby forming the whole retaining wall.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. when the water body shakes under the action of external force, the water body in front of the slope can directly impact the buffer plate instead of the wall body unit, and the buffer spring is stressed and compressed to play a role in buffering and damping, so that the impact force of part of the water body on the buffer plate is dissipated, the buffer effect is good, and the service life of the retaining wall is long; after the buffer plate is cracked, an operator can separate the buffer assembly from the wall unit so as to enlarge the operation space when the crack is repaired and reduce the maintenance difficulty;
2. two ends of the buffer plate are respectively arranged in the limiting grooves in a sliding mode, and when the water body exerts horizontal acting force on the buffer plate, the buffer plate cannot horizontally move in a direction parallel to the splicing direction of the wall units; the dovetail block is abutted against the upper side of the buffer plate and used for preventing the buffer plate from moving upwards, so that the stability of the buffer plate is improved;
3. the fixed plate and the supporting plate respectively comprise at least one prefabricated plate, so that the outdoor construction time of the retaining wall is shortened, and the working efficiency is improved; two adjacent prefabricated plates in the vertical direction are connected with the connecting plate through connecting bolts, so that the assembly and disassembly are convenient; the arrangement of the flow guide pipe, the through hole and the drainage hole is beneficial to improving the drainage performance of the wall unit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at B in fig. 3.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a wall unit; 11. a substrate; 12. a top plate; 121. a dovetail groove; 122. a dovetail block; 123. a push block; 124. a notch; 125. planting grooves; 126. a yielding groove; 13. a panel; 131. a flow guide pipe; 132. a waterproof blanket; 133. a reinforcement layer; 14. a fixing plate; 15. a back plate; 16. a support plate; 161. a chamfer plane; 2. a buffer assembly; 21. a buffer plate; 211. an overflow aperture; 22. a buffer spring; 3. prefabricating a slab; 31. inserting a block; 32. a slot; 33. a butting block; 34. a drainage hole; 4. a connecting member; 41. a connecting plate; 42. a water stop pad; 43. a connecting bolt; 5. a partition plate; 51. a through hole; 6. a separation chamber; 7. sand gravel; 8. a limiting plate; 81. a limiting groove; 9. and a reinforcing plate.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-5.
The embodiment of the application discloses hydraulic engineering retaining wall. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the retaining wall of the hydraulic engineering includes a plurality of groups of wall units 1 spliced with each other in the horizontal direction, the number of the wall units 1 can be determined according to the length of the water body, and the wall units 1 are used as two groups to indicate the structure of the retaining wall. One side of each group of wall units 1 facing the water body is connected with a buffer assembly 2, and the buffer assemblies 2 are separated and blocked between the wall units 1 and the water body and used for weakening the impact of the water body on the wall units 1.
Referring to fig. 2, the wall unit 1 includes a base plate 11, a top plate 12, a face plate 13, three fixing plates 14 and two back plates 15, wherein the base plate 11, the top plate 12, the face plate 13, the fixing plates 14 and the back plates 15 are all prefabricated concrete plates, the top plate 12 is located right above the base plate 11, the fixing plates 14 and the face plates 13 are arranged between the top plate 12 and the base plate 11 at intervals, and the face plates 13 are located on one side of the fixing plates 14 close to the water body. The panel 13 is arranged in an inclined manner, and an included angle formed between the side facing the water body and the substrate 11 is an obtuse angle, so that the impact resistance of the wall unit 1 is improved. The two back plates 15 are respectively fixed on two opposite sides of the base plate 11, and a closed fixing cavity is formed by enclosing the base plate 11, the top plate 12, the face plate 13, the fixing plate 14 and the back plates 15.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, two support plates 16 are disposed above the base plate 11, and the support plates 16 are disposed between the face plate 13 and the fixing plate 14 adjacent to the face plate 13. The supporting plate 16 and the fixing plate 14 both comprise at least one precast slab 3 distributed along the vertical direction, the precast slab 3 is formed by casting concrete in advance, wherein the fixing plate 14 is formed by splicing three precast slabs 3, the supporting plate 16 close to the fixing plate 14 is formed by splicing two precast slabs 3, and the supporting plate 16 far away from the fixing plate 14 is formed by one precast slab 3. The prefabricated plate 3 positioned at the lowest position in the fixed plate 14 and the supporting plate 16 is fixedly arranged on the base plate 11, the prefabricated plate 3 positioned at the highest position in the fixed plate 14 is fixedly arranged on the top plate 12, the upper end of the prefabricated plate 3 in the supporting plate 16 is fixed on the panel 13, and the upper end of the supporting plate 16 is cut to form a chamfer 161 with the same inclination angle as that of the panel 13, so that the contact area of the supporting plate 16 and the panel 13 is increased, and the supporting effect of the supporting plate 16 on the panel 13 is improved.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, two adjacent prefabricated plates 3 in the vertical direction are detachably connected through two groups of connecting pieces 4, and the two groups of connecting pieces 4 are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the prefabricated plates 3. The connecting member 4 includes a connecting plate 41, a water stop 42 fixed on one side of the connecting plate 41 near the prefabricated plates 3, and a plurality of connecting bolts 43 respectively passing through the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate 41, the connecting bolts 43 passing through the upper end of the connecting plate 41 are in threaded connection with the prefabricated plates 3 located at the upper side of two adjacent prefabricated plates 3, and the connecting bolts 43 passing through the lower end of the connecting plate 41 are in threaded connection with the prefabricated plates 3 located at the lower side of two adjacent prefabricated plates 3. The stop pad is made of rubber material, when the connecting plate 41 is connected with the prefabricated plate 3, the stop pad is deformed by the extrusion of the connecting plate 41, thereby blocking the water from seeping outwards from the gap between two adjacent prefabricated plates 3, and the waterproof performance of the fixed plate 14 and the supporting plate 16 is high.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in order to align the prefabricated panels 3 to be spliced, an insert block 31 is fixed to the upper end surface of each prefabricated panel 3, and an insert groove 32 is formed in the lower end surface of each prefabricated panel 3, and the insert block 31 of the lower prefabricated panel 3 is inserted into the insert groove 32 of the upper prefabricated panel 3, thereby facilitating the initial positioning of the two prefabricated panels 3. However, in order to increase the connection area between the support plate 16 and the face plate 13, the insert block 31 is not provided in any of the precast slabs 3 positioned at the uppermost end of the support plate 16.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, in order to increase the connection area between the fixed plate 14 and the top plate 12 and initially position the top plate 12, three yielding grooves 126 are formed in the lower end surface of the top plate 12, and the insertion blocks 31 of the uppermost prefabricated plate 3 in the fixed plate 14 are inserted into the yielding grooves 126 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a partition plate 5 is connected between two prefabricated plates 3 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction, two abutting blocks 33 obliquely arranged are fixed on two opposite sides of each prefabricated plate 3, and two ends of the partition plate 5 are respectively overlapped above the abutting blocks 33 adjacent to the partition plate. And the abutting block 33 close to the panel 13 is lower than the abutting block 33 far from the panel 13, so that the separating plate 5 overlapped in place extends obliquely downwards from the panel 13 to the direction of the fixing plate 14. The partition plates 5 may partition the fixed chamber into a plurality of partitioned chambers 6, and each partitioned chamber 6 is filled with sand and gravel 7 to enhance the structural strength of the inside of the wall unit 1.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a horizontally extending through hole 51 is formed in the side surface of the partition plate 5, the through hole 51 extends obliquely downward from the panel 13 to the direction of the fixing plate 14, an oblique drainage hole 34 is formed in the middle of the prefabricated plate 3, openings on both sides of the drainage hole 34 are respectively located above the two abutting blocks 33, and the distance between the opening of the drainage hole 34 and the abutting block 33 adjacent to the opening is larger than the minimum distance between the through hole 51 and the bottom surface of the partition plate 5 and smaller than the maximum distance between the through hole 51 and the bottom surface of the partition plate 5, so that the openings on both sides of the drainage hole 34 are respectively communicated with the through holes 51 adjacent to the opening.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a plurality of draft tubes 131 are fixedly arranged on the panel 13 along the vertical direction, one side of each draft tube 131 is open and communicated with one side of the panel 13 far away from the fixed plate 14, and the other side of each draft tube 131 is communicated with the adjacent drainage hole 34, so that the moisture on the surface of the panel 13 is guided to the drainage hole 34 to be discharged out of the wall unit 1.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, a waterproof blanket 132 is laid on the side of the panel 13 away from the fixing plate 14, and the waterproof blanket 132 is made of high-expansion sodium bentonite filled between the geotextile and the non-woven fabric by needle punching, which can form a uniform high-density gelatinous waterproof layer in the blanket when encountering water, thereby effectively blocking water from permeating into the panel 13. The side of the waterproof blanket 132 away from the panel 13 is provided with a reinforcing layer 133, and in this embodiment, the reinforcing layer 133 may be made of masonry stone for reinforcing the panel 13. In order to facilitate drainage, holes communicated with the flow guide pipe 131 are formed in the reinforcing layer 133 and the waterproof blanket 132, and water can seep into the flow guide pipe 131 through the holes.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the buffering assembly 2 includes a buffering plate 21 and a plurality of buffering springs 22 fixed on one side of the buffering plate 21 close to the reinforcing layer 133, the buffering springs 22 are uniformly distributed on the buffering plate 21, and one end of the buffering spring 22 away from the buffering plate 21 abuts against the reinforcing layer 133. The lower end of the buffer plate 21 abuts on the base plate 11, and the upper end is slightly lower than the top plate 12. When the water produced the impact to the retaining wall, buffer board 21 can replace wall unit 1 and water contact and compression buffer spring 22, and buffer spring 22 plays the absorbing effect of buffering for the difficult fracture damage of buffer board 21.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the overflow hole 211 is formed at the top end of the side surface of the buffer plate 21, and when the water surface height is greater than the overflow hole 211, the water can flow to the gap between the buffer plate 21 and the reinforcing layer 133 through the overflow hole 211 and then is discharged out of the wall unit 1 through the draft tube 131, the drainage hole 34 and the through hole 51 in sequence.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, one side of the reinforcing layer 133 away from the panel 13 is provided with a limiting member, the limiting member includes two limiting plates 8 which are oppositely arranged on one side of the reinforcing layer 133 away from the fixing plate 14, the two limiting plates 8 are respectively close to two ends of the reinforcing layer 133, end faces of the two limiting plates 8 close to each other are respectively provided with two side-open limiting grooves 81, the limiting grooves 81 vertically extend in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the buffer springs 22, and two ends of the buffer plate 21 are respectively slidably arranged in the two limiting grooves 81. The width of the limiting groove 81 is larger than the thickness of the buffer plate 21, so that the buffer plate 21 can move along the limiting groove 81 to the direction parallel to the expansion and contraction of the buffer spring 22 when being impacted by water. However, the two sides of the buffer plate 21 are blocked by the side walls of the limiting grooves 81, so that the buffer plate cannot horizontally move in the direction parallel to the splicing direction of the wall units 1, and the stability of the buffer plate 21 is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, in order to improve the connection strength of two adjacent groups of wall units 1, a reinforcing plate 9 is arranged on one side of the limiting plate 8 away from the panel 13, and the reinforcing plate 9 is in threaded connection with the limiting plate 8 close to the two adjacent groups of wall units 1 through bolts.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, a blocking member is detachably connected to the top plate 12, a horizontally extending dovetail groove 121 is formed in a side surface of the top plate 12, the blocking member includes a dovetail block 122 having one end slidably disposed in the dovetail groove 121, and the dovetail block 122 abuts against an upper side of the buffer plate 21 and is used for blocking the buffer plate 21 from moving vertically in a direction perpendicular to a stretching direction of the buffer spring 22. The push block 123 is fixed on the upper side of the dovetail block 122, and the push block 123 is located at one end of the dovetail block 122 far away from the dovetail groove 121, so that the effect that an operator can conveniently push the dovetail block 122 is achieved. The upper side wall of the dovetail groove 121 is provided with a notch 124 at the opening end of the dovetail groove 121, the notch 124 can be used for the push block 123 to slide and extend into, when the push block 123 extends into the notch 124, the dovetail block 122 is separated from the buffer plate 21, so that the buffer plate 21 can be conveniently moved out to repair the cracks on the surface of the buffer plate.
Referring to fig. 1, a plurality of planting grooves 125 are formed in the upper end surface of the top plate 12, and the planting grooves 125 can be filled with organic soil to plant greening plants.
The implementation principle of a hydraulic engineering retaining wall of the embodiment of the application is: when the water body is impacted on the retaining wall under the action of external force, the buffer plate 21 can replace the wall unit 1 to contact with the water body, and the buffer spring 22 is compressed under the impact of the water body so as to disperse the impact force of the water body on the wall unit 1. Because there is the clearance between buffer board 21 and the panel 13, buffer board 21 is difficult after the atress with power transmission to panel 13 on, wall unit 1 is not fragile fracture, long service life. After the buffer plate 21 has a crack, an operator can drive the dovetail block 122 to be taken in the dovetail groove 121 through the push block 123, and then the buffer plate 21 is separated from the limiting plate 8 by using equipment such as a crane, so that the operation space for maintaining the buffer plate 21 is enlarged and the maintenance difficulty is reduced.
The embodiment of the application also discloses a construction method of the hydraulic engineering retaining wall, which comprises the following steps:
s1, leveling the ground of the wall unit 1 to be installed, and fixing the base plate 11 on the leveled ground;
s2, mounting the fixed plate 14 and the supporting plate 16, arranging a plurality of prefabricated plates 3 on the base plate 11 at intervals along the horizontal direction, filling sand gravel 7 into a gap formed by two adjacent prefabricated plates 3 in the horizontal direction, connecting the partition plate 5 between the two adjacent prefabricated plates 3, and communicating the through hole 51 with the drainage hole 34; then another prefabricated plate 3 is erected on the installed prefabricated plate 3, the two prefabricated plates 3 which are adjacent in the vertical direction are connected through a connecting piece 4, a layer of sand gravel 7 is laid, and a partition plate 5 is connected between the two prefabricated plates 3 which are adjacent in the horizontal direction; the steps are repeated to realize the assembly and fixation of the fixed plates 14 and the supporting plates 16, wherein the number of the precast slabs 3 contained in each fixed plate 14 is equal, and the number of the precast slabs 3 contained in the supporting plates 16 is gradually reduced towards the side far away from the fixed plates 14;
s3, mounting the panel 13 and the duct 131, fixing the panel 13 on the upper side of the base plate 11 in an inclined manner so that the panel 13 abuts on the upper side of the support plate 16, and fixing the duct 131 on the panel 13 to communicate with the adjacent flow guide holes 34;
s4, installing a top plate 12 and a back plate 15, fixing the top plate 12 above the panel 13 and the precast slab 3 positioned at the uppermost end together, and fixing the back plates 15 at two opposite sides of the base plate 11 respectively;
s5, installing the buffer plate 21 and the dovetail block 122, inserting two ends of the buffer plate 21 into the limiting grooves 81 respectively, enabling the buffer spring 22 to be abutted against the panel 13, and then sliding the dovetail block 122 into the dovetail groove 121 to enable the dovetail block 122 to be abutted against the upper side of the buffer plate 21;
and S6, repeating S1-S5 to splice and mount a plurality of wall units 1 on the ground along the horizontal direction, and connecting the reinforcing plate 9 with the adjacent limiting plates 8 in the two wall units 1 through bolts to form the whole retaining wall.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a hydraulic engineering retaining wall which characterized in that: the wall body unit comprises a plurality of groups of wall body units (1) which are spliced with each other in the horizontal direction, wherein one side, facing a water body, of each wall body unit (1) is detachably connected with a buffer component (2), each buffer component (2) comprises a buffer plate (21) and a buffer spring (22) fixed to one side, close to each wall body unit (1), of each buffer plate (21), and one end, far away from each buffer plate (21), of each buffer spring (22) abuts against each wall body unit (1); be provided with the locating part on wall unit (1) and block the piece, the locating part is used for blockking buffer board (21) along the direction horizontal motion that is on a parallel with wall unit (1) concatenation, block the piece and be used for blockking buffer board (21) along the flexible direction vertical motion of perpendicular to buffer spring (22), block the removable setting of piece on wall unit (1).
2. A hydraulic engineering retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: wall unit (1) includes base plate (11), is located roof (12) directly over base plate (11), sets up panel (13) and fixed plate (14) between base plate (11) and roof (12) and two and sets up backplate (15) in base plate (11) both sides, base plate (11), roof (12), panel (13), fixed plate (14) and backplate (15) are concrete slab and enclose to close and be formed with fixed chamber, panel (13) slope sets up in one side of fixed plate (14) towards the water to panel (13) are the obtuse angle towards the side of water and the contained angle that base plate (11) formed.
3. A hydraulic engineering retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: the locating part includes that two are relative to be set up limiting plate (8) of keeping away from fixed plate (14) one side in panel (13), and the terminal surface that two limiting plate (8) are close to each other is equipped with spacing groove (81) respectively, spacing groove (81) extend along the flexible direction of perpendicular to buffer spring (22), and the width of spacing groove (81) is greater than the thickness of buffer board (21), the bottom butt of buffer board (21) slides respectively at the both ends of base plate (11) upside, buffer board (21) and sets up in two spacing grooves (81).
4. A hydraulic engineering retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: a horizontally extending dovetail groove (121) is formed in the side face of the top plate (12), the blocking piece comprises a dovetail block (122) with one end arranged in the dovetail groove (121) in a sliding mode, and the dovetail block (122) abuts against the right upper side of the buffer plate (21) when extending out of the dovetail groove (121); a pushing block (123) is fixed on the upper side of the end part, far away from the dovetail groove (121), of the dovetail block (122), and a notch (124) for the pushing block (123) to extend into in a sliding mode is formed in the opening end of the dovetail groove (121) on the upper side groove wall of the dovetail groove (121).
5. A hydraulic engineering retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: the number of the fixing plates (14) is multiple, the fixing plates are arranged between the base plate (11) and the top plate (12) at intervals, a plurality of supporting plates (16) fixed on the base plate (11) are further arranged between the panel (13) and the fixing plate (14) close to the panel (13), the fixing plates (14) and the supporting plates (16) respectively comprise at least one prefabricated plate (3) distributed in the vertical direction, and two adjacent prefabricated plates (3) in the vertical direction are detachably connected through at least one group of connecting pieces (4).
6. A hydraulic engineering retaining wall according to claim 5, characterized in that: the connecting piece (4) comprises a connecting plate (41), a water stop pad (42) fixed on one side, close to the precast slab (3), of the connecting plate (41) and a plurality of connecting bolts (43) respectively penetrating through the upper end and the lower end of the connecting plate (41), wherein the connecting bolts (43) are respectively in threaded connection with the precast slabs (3) adjacent to the connecting plate.
7. A hydraulic engineering retaining wall according to claim 5, characterized in that: two adjacent prefabricated plates (3) in the horizontal direction are connected with a partition plate (5) respectively, the fixed cavity is partitioned by the partition plate (5) to form a plurality of partition cavities (6), and sand gravel (7) are filled in the partition cavities (6).
8. A hydraulic engineering retaining wall according to claim 7, characterized in that: the lateral surface of the partition plate (5) is provided with a through hole (51) extending from the panel (13) to the fixing plate (14), the middle part of the prefabricated plate (3) is provided with a drainage hole (34), openings at two sides of the drainage hole (34) are respectively communicated with the through holes (51) adjacent to the drainage hole, a guide pipe (131) communicated with the drainage hole (34) adjacent to the guide pipe is fixed on the panel (13), and the top end of the buffer plate (21) is provided with an overflow hole (211).
9. A hydraulic engineering retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: one side of the panel (13) facing the buffer plate (21) is paved with a waterproof blanket (132), and one side of the waterproof blanket (132) close to the buffer plate (21) is provided with a reinforcing layer (133).
10. A construction method of a retaining wall of a hydraulic engineering comprises the following steps:
s1, leveling the ground of the wall unit (1) to be installed, and fixing the base plate (11) on the leveled ground;
s2, mounting a fixed plate (14) and a supporting plate (16), arranging a plurality of prefabricated plates (3) on a base plate (11) at intervals along the horizontal direction, filling sand gravel (7) into a gap formed by two adjacent prefabricated plates (3) in the horizontal direction, connecting a partition plate (5) between the two adjacent prefabricated plates (3), and communicating a through hole (51) with a drainage hole (34); then another precast slab (3) is erected on the installed precast slabs (3), the two precast slabs (3) which are adjacent in the vertical direction are connected through a connecting piece (4), a layer of sand gravel (7) is laid, and a partition plate (5) is connected between the two precast slabs (3) which are adjacent in the horizontal direction; the steps are repeated to realize the assembly and fixation of the fixed plates (14) and the supporting plates (16), wherein the number of the precast slabs (3) contained in each fixed plate (14) is equal, and the number of the precast slabs (3) contained in the supporting plates (16) is gradually reduced towards one side far away from the fixed plates (14);
s3, a mounting panel (13) and a guide pipe (131), wherein the panel (13) is obliquely fixed on the upper side of the substrate (11) so that the panel (13) is abutted against the upper side of the support plate (16), and the guide pipe (131) which is communicated with the adjacent drainage hole (34) is fixed on the panel (13);
s4, installing a top plate (12) and a back plate (15), fixing the top plate (12) above the panel (13) and the precast plate (3) positioned at the uppermost end together, and fixing the back plates (15) at two opposite sides of the base plate (11) respectively;
s5, installing a buffer plate (21) and a dovetail block (122), inserting two ends of the buffer plate (21) into the limiting grooves (81) respectively, enabling the buffer spring (22) to abut against the panel (13), and then enabling the dovetail block (122) to stretch into the dovetail groove (121) in a sliding mode, so that the dovetail block (122) abuts against the upper side of the buffer plate (21);
and S6, repeating S1-S5 to splice and install the wall units (1) on the ground along the horizontal direction, thereby forming the whole retaining wall.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113863211A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-31 | 红安县水电建筑安装公司 | Reservoir danger-removing reinforcing structure and construction process thereof |
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| US6416260B1 (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2002-07-09 | Permawall Systems, Inc. | Self-connecting, reinforced retaining wall and masonry units therefor |
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