CN113417151B - Environment-friendly PU artificial leather with oily-like cellular structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Environment-friendly PU artificial leather with oily-like cellular structure and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113417151B
CN113417151B CN202110773571.9A CN202110773571A CN113417151B CN 113417151 B CN113417151 B CN 113417151B CN 202110773571 A CN202110773571 A CN 202110773571A CN 113417151 B CN113417151 B CN 113417151B
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friendly
environment
artificial leather
water
base cloth
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CN113417151A (en
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仲鸿天
龚纯飞
董朋
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Jiangsu Jujie Microfibers Group Ltd
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Jiangsu Jujie Microfibers Group Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
    • D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
    • D06M11/13—Ammonium halides or halides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
    • D06N3/0052—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by leaching out of a compound, e.g. water soluble salts, fibres or fillers; obtained by freezing or sublimation; obtained by eliminating drops of sublimable fluid
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
    • D06N3/0075—Napping, teasing, raising or abrading of the resin coating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/16—Properties of the materials having other properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/16—Properties of the materials having other properties
    • D06N2209/1642—Hardnes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly PU artificial leather with an oily-like cellular structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the environment-friendly PU artificial leather comprises the following steps: preparing aqueous PU slurry, wherein the aqueous PU slurry comprises the following components: deionized water, aqueous PU resin and an auxiliary agent; enabling the base cloth to pass through an immersion tank, and fully infiltrating the base cloth by the aqueous PU slurry; passing the impregnated base fabric through a mangle shaft to extrude redundant slurry; treating the base cloth after the mangling through a salt coagulation bath; the salt coagulation bath comprises water-soluble salt, a surfactant and water; drying the base cloth treated by the salt coagulation bath; polishing two surfaces of the dried semi-finished product; and washing the sanded semi-finished product, and then drying to obtain the environment-friendly PU artificial leather with the oily-like cellular structure. The environment-friendly PU artificial leather obtained by the preparation method has the advantages of higher PU content, rich surface fluff, strong meat thickness and soft hand feeling, and can meet the high requirements on hand feeling and style.

Description

Environment-friendly PU artificial leather with oily-like cellular structure and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial leather, and particularly relates to environment-friendly PU artificial leather with an oil-like cellular structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The oily artificial leather is prepared by processing a base cloth by a slurry prepared from DMF, PU resin and an auxiliary agent, and then performing coagulation bath treatment to exchange DMF in the base cloth with water; because the PU resin is insoluble in water, the PU resin is solidified in the base cloth, and water is evaporated in the drying process, so that a plurality of cells are formed in the PU.
With the stricter environmental protection policies of various countries, the production and export of the oily leather are greatly restricted. The water-based leather is used as an environment-friendly leather product and has good economic and environment-friendly values. The water-based leather is prepared by impregnating water-based PU (polyurethane) and environment-friendly auxiliary agent into base cloth; the aqueous PU product obtained by the conventional impregnation, drying and sanding processes has hard hand feeling and is a deviated board; this is because there is no cell structure like oily artificial leather in the aqueous artificial leather, which affects the application and added value of the aqueous artificial leather. In addition, in the preparation technology of environmental protection PU synthetic leather, because PU is water-soluble, in the stoving process after soaking, PU can produce the migration along with the evaporation of moisture, and most PU in the base cloth easily migrates to the surface, and the fine hair and the PU on fabric surface are ground off very easily during the sanding, make the PU content in the finished product that obtains lower, and increased the cost of raw and other materials, have reduced the value of product.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the environment-friendly PU artificial leather with the oiliness-like cellular structure and the preparation method thereof; the environment-friendly PU artificial leather obtained by the preparation method has the advantages of high PU content, rich surface fluff, strong meat thickness and soft hand feeling, and can meet the high requirements of the water-based environment-friendly synthetic leather fabric on hand feeling and style.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of environment-friendly PU artificial leather with an oily-like cellular structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of aqueous PU slurry
The aqueous PU slurry comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-80% of deionized water, 15-40% of aqueous PU resin and 1-8% of auxiliary agent; stirring and mixing the raw materials to obtain aqueous PU slurry;
(2) Impregnation treatment
The base cloth passes through the soaking tank at a certain speed, and the water-based PU slurry in the soaking tank fully soaks the base cloth;
(3) Mangle treatment
Passing the impregnated base cloth through a pair of mangle shafts to extrude redundant slurry;
(4) Salt coagulation bath treatment
Treating the base cloth after the mangling through a salt coagulation bath; the salt coagulation bath comprises water-soluble salt, a surfactant and water;
(5) Drying
Drying the base cloth treated by the salt coagulation bath at a certain speed by drying equipment;
(6) Sanding
Polishing two sides of the dried semi-finished product by using a leather polisher;
(7) Washing machine
Washing the sanded semi-finished product by using a washing solution at a certain temperature;
(8) Drying the semi-finished product
And drying the washed semi-finished product to obtain the environment-friendly PU artificial leather with the oil-like cellular structure.
Further, the auxiliary agent comprises a leveling agent, an aqueous anti-skinning stabilizer, a cross-linking agent, a defoaming agent and a thickening agent.
Further, the aqueous PU slurry comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60 to 80 percent of deionized water, 15 to 40 percent of water-based PU resin, 0.1 to 1 percent of flatting agent, 0.5 to 3 percent of water-based anti-skinning stabilizer, 0.5 to 3 percent of cross-linking agent, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of defoaming agent and 0.02 to 0.5 percent of thickening agent.
Further, in the step (3), the distance between the two mangle shafts is 0.75-0.9 times of the thickness of the base fabric.
Further, the water-soluble salt is selected from NaCl and Na 2 SO 4 、KCl、MgCl、NaCO 3 、CaCl 2 To (3) is provided.
Furthermore, in the salt coagulation bath, the concentration of the water-soluble salt is 2% -5%, and the concentration of the surfactant is 0.2% -3%.
Further, the concentration of the water-soluble salt in the salt coagulation bath is monitored by an online ion detector to replenish the water-soluble salt according to the concentration change, so that the concentration of the water-soluble salt is maintained to be stable.
Further, the drying temperature in the step (5) is 80-150 ℃; the drying temperature in the step (8) is 100-130 ℃.
Further, the washing liquid adopted in the step (7) is soap washing liquid, the washing temperature is 50-90 ℃, and the washing time is 30-60min; after washing, the salt in the base cloth is removed, so that a plurality of foam holes are formed between the base cloth and the PU.
The invention also provides the environment-friendly PU artificial leather with the oily-like cellular structure, which is obtained by the preparation method; the PU content of the environment-friendly PU artificial leather is 30-40%; the interior of the environment-friendly PU artificial leather is distributed with a cellular structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the invention, the base cloth impregnated with the aqueous PU slurry is treated by the salt coagulation bath, water-soluble salt in the salt coagulation bath enters the base cloth and generates flocculation with PU resin in the base cloth, and during the drying process, the flocculation of the water-soluble salt and the PU resin can greatly reduce the migration speed of the PU during the water evaporation, so that more PU resin can be retained in the base cloth, the fluff is easier to grind in the sanding process, the loss of the PU in the sanding process is low, the PU content in the environment-friendly PU artificial leather finished product is increased, the fluff feeling of the PU leather is enriched, the meat thickness feeling of the PU leather is good, and the additional value of the PU leather is increased;
the salt in the sanded artificial leather semi-finished product is dissolved by washing, so that a plurality of foam holes are formed between the base cloth and the PU; in addition, the surfactant in the salt coagulation bath can adjust the permeability of water-soluble salt and control the coagulation speed of PU in the base fabric; through the kind and the quantity that change surfactant active, can form different void structure's PU skeleton, after drying, make the synthetic leather form different cells.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of environment-friendly PU artificial leather with an oily-like cellular structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of aqueous PU slurries
The aqueous PU slurry comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65% of deionized water, 33% of water-based PU resin, 0.35% of leveling agent, 0.5% of water-based anti-skinning stabilizer, 1% of cross-linking agent, 0.05% of defoaming agent and 0.1% of thickening agent; stirring and mixing the raw materials to obtain aqueous PU slurry;
(2) Impregnation treatment
The base cloth after being split or dyed passes through an impregnation tank containing a plurality of pairs of pressing shafts at a certain speed, and the base cloth is fully impregnated by the aqueous PU slurry in the impregnation tank;
(3) Mangle treatment
Passing the impregnated base cloth through a pair of mangle shafts to extrude redundant slurry; the distance between the two mangle shafts is 0.8 times of the thickness of the base cloth;
(4) Salt coagulation bath treatment
Treating the base cloth after the mangling through a salt coagulation bath; the salt coagulation bath comprises NaCl, a sulfonate anionic surfactant and water, wherein the concentration of the NaCl is 5%, and the concentration of the sulfonate anionic surfactant is 2.5%; the concentration of the water-soluble salt is monitored by an online ion detector so as to supplement the water-soluble salt in time according to the change of the concentration, and the concentration of the water-soluble salt is kept stable;
(5) Drying
Drying the base cloth treated by the salt coagulation bath at a certain speed by drying equipment, wherein the drying temperature is 90 ℃;
(6) Sanding
Polishing two sides of the dried semi-finished product for 2 times by using a leather polisher;
(7) Washing machine
Washing the sanded semi-finished product by using a washing solution at a certain temperature; specifically, in this embodiment, the washing liquid used in the washing process is a soap washing liquid, the washing temperature is 80 ℃, and the washing time is 45min; after washing, removing salt in the base cloth to form a plurality of foam holes between the base cloth and the PU;
(8) Drying the semi-finished product
And drying the washed semi-finished product at 120 ℃ to obtain the environment-friendly PU artificial leather with the oil-like cellular structure.
The environment-friendly PU artificial leather with an oil-like cellular structure obtained by the preparation method of the embodiment 1 has a PU content of 40%, and cellular structures are distributed in the environment-friendly PU artificial leather. The PU artificial leather has rich surface fluff and good meat thickness.
Example 2
A preparation method of environment-friendly PU artificial leather with an oily-like cellular structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of aqueous PU slurry
The aqueous PU slurry comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of deionized water, 23.5% of water-based PU resin, 0.4% of flatting agent, 3% of water-based anti-skinning stabilizer, 3% of cross-linking agent, 0.05% of defoaming agent and 0.05% of thickening agent; stirring and mixing the raw materials to obtain aqueous PU slurry;
(2) Impregnation treatment
The base cloth after being split or dyed passes through an impregnation tank containing a plurality of pairs of pressing shafts at a certain speed, and the base cloth is fully infiltrated by the aqueous PU slurry in the impregnation tank;
(3) Mangle treatment
Passing the impregnated base cloth through a pair of mangle shafts to extrude redundant slurry; the distance between the two mangle shafts is 0.8 times of the thickness of the base cloth;
(4) Salt coagulation bath treatment
Treating the base cloth after the mangling through a salt coagulation bath; the salt coagulation bath comprises NaCl, a sulfonate type anionic surfactant and water, wherein the concentration of the NaCl is 3%, and the concentration of the phosphate type anionic surfactant is 2.5%; the concentration of the water-soluble salt is monitored by an online ion detector so as to supplement the water-soluble salt in time according to the change of the concentration, and the concentration of the water-soluble salt is kept stable;
(5) Drying
Drying the base cloth treated by the salt coagulation bath at a certain speed by drying equipment, wherein the drying temperature is 100 ℃;
(6) Sanding
Polishing two sides of the dried semi-finished product for 2 times by using a leather polisher;
(7) Washing machine
Washing the sanded semi-finished product by using a washing solution at a certain temperature; specifically, in this embodiment, the washing liquid used in the washing process is soap washing liquid, the washing temperature is 80 ℃, and the washing time is 45min; after washing, removing salt in the base cloth to form a plurality of foam holes between the base cloth and the PU;
(8) Drying the semi-finished product
And drying the washed semi-finished product at 130 ℃ to obtain the environment-friendly PU artificial leather with the oil-like cellular structure.
The environmental-friendly PU artificial leather with an oily-like cellular structure obtained by the preparation method of the embodiment 2 has a PU content of 37%, and cellular structures are distributed in the environmental-friendly PU artificial leather. The PU artificial leather has rich surface fluff and good meat thickness.
Example 3
A preparation method of environment-friendly PU artificial leather with an oily-like cellular structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of aqueous PU slurries
The aqueous PU slurry comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 80% of deionized water, 16% of water-based PU resin, 0.45% of flatting agent, 1.5% of water-based anti-skinning stabilizer, 2% of cross-linking agent, 0.01% of defoaming agent and 0.04% of thickening agent. Stirring and mixing the raw materials to obtain aqueous PU slurry;
(2) Impregnation treatment
The base cloth after being split or dyed passes through an impregnation tank containing a plurality of pairs of pressing shafts at a certain speed, and the base cloth is fully infiltrated by the aqueous PU slurry in the impregnation tank;
(3) Mangle treatment
Passing the impregnated base cloth through a pair of mangle shafts to extrude redundant slurry; the distance between the two mangle shafts is 0.8 times of the thickness of the base cloth;
(4) Salt coagulation bath treatment
Treating the base cloth after the mangling through a salt coagulation bath; the salt coagulation bath comprises NaCl, a sulfonate type anionic surfactant and water, wherein the concentration of the NaCl is 3.5%, and the concentration of the phosphate type anionic surfactant is 3%; the concentration of the water-soluble salt is monitored by an online ion detector so as to supplement the water-soluble salt in time according to the change of the concentration, and the concentration of the water-soluble salt is kept stable;
(5) Drying
Drying the base cloth treated by the salt coagulation bath at a certain speed by drying equipment, wherein the drying temperature is 100 ℃;
(6) Sanding
Polishing two sides of the dried semi-finished product for 2 times by using a leather polisher;
(7) Washing machine
Washing the sanded semi-finished product by using a washing solution at a certain temperature; specifically, in this embodiment, the washing liquid used in the washing process is a soap washing liquid, the washing temperature is 80 ℃, and the washing time is 45min; after washing, removing salt in the base cloth to form a plurality of foam holes between the base cloth and the PU;
(8) Drying the semi-finished product
And drying the washed semi-finished product at 130 ℃ to obtain the environment-friendly PU artificial leather with the oil-like cellular structure.
The environmental-friendly PU artificial leather with an oily-like cellular structure obtained by the preparation method of the embodiment 3 has a PU content of 37%, and cellular structures are distributed in the environmental-friendly PU artificial leather. The PU artificial leather has rich surface fluff and good meat thickness.
Comparative example
The aqueous PU slurry of the comparative example comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65% of deionized water, 33% of water-based PU resin, 0.35% of flatting agent, 0.5% of water-based antiskinning stabilizer, 1% of cross-linking agent, 0.05% of defoaming agent and 0.1% of thickening agent. Enabling the base cloth after fiber opening or dyeing to pass through the soaking tank at a certain speed, and fully soaking the base cloth by the aqueous PU slurry in the soaking tank; passing the impregnated base cloth through a pair of mangle shafts to extrude redundant slurry; and drying the base cloth subjected to the mangling at 120 ℃, and then sanding to obtain the PU artificial leather of the comparative example. The PU artificial leather of the comparative example had a PU content of 10%, and the surface of the base fabric had fluff abrasion and bottom-exposed defects.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents made by the contents of the present invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of environment-friendly PU artificial leather with an oily-like cellular structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparation of aqueous PU slurries
The aqueous PU slurry comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-80% of deionized water, 15-40% of aqueous PU resin and 1-8% of auxiliary agent; stirring and mixing the raw materials to obtain aqueous PU slurry;
(2) Impregnation treatment
The base cloth passes through the soaking tank at a certain speed, and the aqueous PU slurry in the soaking tank fully soaks the base cloth;
(3) Mangle treatment
Passing the impregnated base cloth through a pair of mangle shafts to extrude redundant slurry;
(4) Salt coagulation bath treatment
Treating the base cloth after the mangling through a salt coagulation bath; the salt coagulation bath comprises water-soluble salt, a surfactant and water; the water soluble salt is selected from NaCl and Na 2 SO 4 、KCl、MgCl 2 、CaCl 2 One of (1);
(5) Drying the mixture
Drying the base cloth treated by the salt coagulation bath at a certain speed by drying equipment; the drying temperature is 80-150 ℃;
(6) Sanding
Polishing two sides of the dried semi-finished product by using a leather polisher;
(7) Washing machine
Washing the sanded semi-finished product by using a washing solution at a certain temperature;
(8) Drying the semi-finished product
Drying the washed semi-finished product to obtain the environment-friendly PU artificial leather with the oil-like cellular structure; wherein the drying temperature is 100-130 ℃.
2. The method for preparing the environment-friendly PU artificial leather with the oily cell structure imitation according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agents comprise a leveling agent, a water-based anti-skinning stabilizer, a cross-linking agent, a defoaming agent and a thickening agent.
3. The method for preparing the oily cell structure imitated environment-friendly PU artificial leather according to claim 2, wherein the aqueous PU slurry comprises the following components by mass percent: 60 to 80 percent of deionized water, 15 to 40 percent of water-based PU resin, 0.1 to 1 percent of flatting agent, 0.5 to 3 percent of water-based anti-skinning stabilizer, 0.5 to 3 percent of cross-linking agent, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of defoaming agent and 0.02 to 0.5 percent of thickening agent.
4. The method for preparing the environment-friendly PU artificial leather having an oily cell structure according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the distance between two mangle shafts is 0.75-0.9 times the thickness of the base fabric.
5. The method for preparing the environment-friendly PU artificial leather with the oily cell-like structure according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the water-soluble salt is 2-5% and the concentration of the surfactant is 0.2-3% in the salt coagulation bath.
6. The method of preparing the environment-friendly PU artificial leather having an oily cell structure according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of the water-soluble salts in the salt coagulation bath is monitored by an on-line ion detector to supplement the water-soluble salts according to the concentration change, so that the concentration of the water-soluble salts is maintained stable.
7. The method for preparing the environment-friendly PU artificial leather with the imitated oily cellular structure according to claim 1, wherein the washing liquid adopted in the step (7) is soap washing liquid, the washing temperature is 50-90 ℃, and the washing time is 30-60min; after washing, the salt in the base cloth is removed, so that a plurality of foam holes are formed between the base cloth and the PU.
8. An oil-like cellular structure-imitated environment-friendly PU artificial leather, which is characterized in that the oil-like cellular structure-imitated environment-friendly PU artificial leather is obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 7; the PU content of the environment-friendly PU artificial leather is 30-40%; the interior of the environment-friendly PU artificial leather is distributed with a cellular structure.
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