CN113416059A - Coal gangue hollow brick forming method - Google Patents
Coal gangue hollow brick forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113416059A CN113416059A CN202110615494.4A CN202110615494A CN113416059A CN 113416059 A CN113416059 A CN 113416059A CN 202110615494 A CN202110615494 A CN 202110615494A CN 113416059 A CN113416059 A CN 113416059A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
- B28B3/26—Extrusion dies
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of processing of a coal gangue hollow brick, and discloses a coal gangue hollow brick which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of coal gangue, 20-30 parts of medium fine sand, 20-25 parts of straw powder, 4-10 parts of talcum powder, 15-20 parts of bamboo fiber, 5-10 parts of water-retaining thickening material, 10-15 parts of sodium carbonate, 0.5-1.5 parts of water reducing agent and a proper amount of water, wherein the diameter of the medium fine sand is 1.5-2 mm; a coal gangue hollow brick forming method comprises the following steps: s1, smash the screening, S2, the stirring is mixed, S3, sealed ageing, S4, make the adobe, S5, stoving sintering, organic matter in the brick is burnt along with the straw powder of carbomorphism when adding the straw powder in the mixture and making the sintering, can get rid of the peculiar smell, sodium carbonate is easily dissolved in water, make the mixture be basicity, can make straw powder surface alkalization, make the straw powder can with the gangue raw materials misce bene, improve the brick compactness, play good drawing of patterns effect, improve brick shaping quality.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of processing of coal gangue hollow bricks, in particular to a coal gangue hollow brick forming method.
Background art:
the main component of the coal gangue brick is coal gangue. The coal gangue is solid waste discharged in coal mining and coal washing processes, and mainly comprises Al2O3 and SiO2, and also comprises Fe2O3, MgO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, SO3 and trace rare elements (gallium, vanadium, titanium and cobalt) in different quantities. The hollow brick is usually used for non-bearing parts, the hole rate is equal to or more than 35 percent, and the hollow brick with large size and small quantity is called a hollow brick. The hollow bricks are divided into cement hollow bricks, clay hollow bricks and shale hollow bricks. The hollow brick is a main wall material commonly used in the construction industry, and has become a product recommended by national construction departments firstly due to the advantages of light weight, less consumption of raw materials and the like. Similar to red bricks, common raw materials for manufacturing hollow bricks are clay and cinder ash, and the general specification is 390X 190 mm.
The production cost of the coal gangue brick is lower than that of the common clay brick, the strength of the coal gangue brick is higher than that of the common clay brick, the coal gangue brick is used for making the brick, not only the land is saved, but also the waste materials of the mine are consumed, and the coal gangue brick is a low-carbon building material which is beneficial to environmental protection. The existing coal gangue hollow brick can generate peculiar smell during sintering, the strength of the brick is low, and the brick is very easy to damage during forming and demoulding.
The invention content is as follows:
aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a coal gangue hollow brick molding method.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a coal gangue hollow brick is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of coal gangue, 20-30 parts of medium fine sand, 20-25 parts of straw powder, 4-10 parts of talcum powder, 15-20 parts of bamboo fiber, 5-10 parts of water-retaining thickening material, 10-15 parts of sodium carbonate, 0.5-1.5 parts of water reducing agent and a proper amount of water, wherein the diameter of the medium fine sand is 1.5-2 mm.
Preferably, the water-retaining thickening material is at least one of methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and hydroxyethyl methylcellulose.
Preferably, the straw powder is a mixed product of corn straw and wheat straw.
A coal gangue hollow brick forming method comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and screening, namely putting the coal gangue into a crusher to be crushed, and screening by using a vibrating screen to obtain a material with the particle diameter of less than 2 mm;
s2, stirring and mixing, namely putting the coal gangue, the medium and fine sand, the straw powder, the bamboo fiber and the calcium carbonate into a stirrer for dry stirring for 180S, adding the talcum powder after adding water for the first time, continuing stirring for 60S, adding the water-retaining thickening material after adding water for the second time, continuing stirring for 60S, adding the water reducing agent after adding water for the third time, and continuing stirring for 90S;
s3, sealing and aging, namely putting the mixture obtained in the step S2 into an aging chamber to age for 24 hours, and controlling the aging temperature to be 20-25 ℃;
s4, making green bricks, putting the aged mixture into a stirrer to be stirred for 300S, and putting the mixture into an extruder to make bricks;
and S5, drying and sintering, namely putting the brick blank into a tunnel kiln for preheating and drying, then sintering at high temperature, and cooling along with the kiln to obtain the finished brick.
Preferably, the extruder comprises a bottom plate, two groups of vertical plates are symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the base, an upper die and a lower die are arranged between the two groups of vertical plates, a lifting plate is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the upper die through a plurality of groups of connecting rods, connecting blocks are fixedly arranged at two ends of the upper side of the lifting plate, a lifting shaft is fixedly connected between the two groups of connecting blocks, a sliding groove is arranged in the middle of each vertical plate, a square block is fixedly arranged at two ends of the lifting shaft in a penetrating mode through the connecting blocks;
the bearing plate is positioned at the bottom side of the lower die and is in sliding connection with the two groups of vertical plates, and one end of the bearing plate is provided with a positioning device;
the packing device comprises a panel, baffles, side plates, a guide plate and inclined plates, wherein a through hole corresponding to the lower die is formed in the middle of the panel, the baffles are fixedly connected to the front side and the rear side of the upper part of the panel, the side plate is fixedly connected to one end of the upper side of the panel, the other end of the panel is a slope, the inclined plates are fixedly connected to two sides of the slope, and the guide plate is fixedly installed between the inclined plates and the baffles;
the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting shaft, a sliding chute, a first lever, a second lever and a lifting shaft, wherein the two ends of the lifting shaft are rotatably provided with the first lever, the middle parts of the two sides of the lower die are fixedly connected with the driven shaft, the middle parts of the two sides of the lower die are fixedly connected with the sliding blocks, the sliding blocks are in sliding connection with the sliding chute, the middle part of the driven shaft is rotatably provided with the second lever, and one end of the first lever is hinged with the second lever;
the improved lifting plate is characterized in that a top plate is fixedly mounted at the top of the vertical plate, an air cylinder is fixedly mounted in the middle of the lower side of the top plate, a fixing seat is arranged in the middle of the upper side of the lifting plate and fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the air cylinder, a groove is formed in the middle of the upper side of the bottom plate, a plurality of groups of rotating rollers are rotatably mounted in the middle of the groove, and the bottom side of the bearing plate is in contact with the rotating rollers.
Preferably, positioner includes stopper, locating piece, deflector, locating lever, bearing plate one end fixed mounting has the locating piece, stopper one side is equipped with the spacing groove, locating piece and spacing groove joint, the deflector rigid coupling is in lower mould one side, and the tip is equipped with the locating lever, the spacing groove upside is equipped with the guide way, the locating piece middle part is equipped with the constant head tank, the guide way is run through to the locating lever bottom and constant head tank activity joint.
Preferably, the top end of the positioning rod penetrates through the guide plate and is in sliding connection with the guide plate, the top end of the positioning rod is fixedly provided with a limiting plate, and a plurality of groups of springs are fixedly connected between the bottom side of the limiting plate and the upper side of the guide plate.
Preferably, an electric push rod is fixedly mounted on one side of the side plate, a scraper plate is fixedly mounted at the telescopic end of the electric push rod in a penetrating mode through the side plate, and the scraper plate is in contact with the panel.
Preferably, a pressure lever is fixedly mounted at the top end of the first lever, and an anti-skid sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the pressure lever.
Preferably, the middle part of one end, far away from the limiting block, of the bearing plate is fixedly provided with a handle.
Preferably, an overhanging plate is fixedly mounted on one side of the lower die, which is far away from the guide plate, and an oscillating motor is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the overhanging plate.
Preferably, equal fixed mounting in bearing plate both sides middle part has the sand grip, sand grip and cross slot sliding connection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the medium fine sand is added into the coal gangue powder, so that the compactness of the coal gangue hollow brick in the pressing process is effectively improved, the brick has higher strength, the talcum powder can increase the tensile strength, the bamboo fiber has good air permeability and instant water absorption, the viscosity of the raw material mixture is improved by adding at least one substance of methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose as a water-retaining thickening material, and the forming quality of the coal gangue hollow brick is ensured;
the straw powder is added into the mixture, so that organic matters in the brick blocks are combusted along with the carbonized straw powder during sintering, peculiar smell can be removed, the sodium carbonate is easily dissolved in water, the mixture is alkaline, the surface of the straw powder can be alkalized, the straw powder can be uniformly mixed with the coal gangue raw material, the capacity can be increased, and the production cost can be reduced;
carry out the compression molding to the fragment of brick through last mould and lower mould, bearing plate cooperation, it is rotatory through pushing down the depression bar drive first lever behind the compression molding, and then drive the second lever and rotate and promote the lower mould, make lower mould and bearing plate separate in vertical direction, play good drawing of patterns effect, improve fragment of brick shaping quality.
Description of the drawings:
in order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts;
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the installation positions of the upper and lower dies according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a left side structure of a vertical plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a protrusion structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a packing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the panel of the present invention;
wherein: 1. a base plate; 101. a groove; 2. a vertical plate; 201. a chute; 202. a transverse groove; 3. a top plate; 4. a lower die; 5. an upper die; 6. a connecting rod; 7. a lifting plate; 8. a cylinder; 9. a fixed seat; 10. a lifting shaft; 11. connecting blocks; 12. a first lever; 13. a second lever; 14. a driven shaft; 15. a pressure lever; 16. a square block; 17. a panel; 18. a baffle plate; 19. a side plate; 20. a baffle; 21. a sloping plate; 22. an electric push rod; 23. a squeegee; 24. rotating the roller; 25. a bearing plate; 26. a convex strip; 27. a slider; 28. a handle; 29. an overhang plate; 30. an oscillating motor; 31. a limiting block; 3101. a limiting groove; 3102. a guide groove; 3201. positioning a groove; 32. positioning blocks; 33. a guide plate; 34. positioning a rod; 35. a limiting plate; 36. a spring.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below by combining the specific drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the coal gangue hollow brick is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of coal gangue, 20 parts of medium fine sand, 20 parts of straw powder, 4 parts of talcum powder, 15 parts of bamboo fiber, 5 parts of water-retaining thickening material, 10 parts of sodium carbonate, 0.5 part of water reducing agent and a proper amount of water, wherein the diameter of the medium fine sand is 1.5 mm.
The straw powder is a mixed product of corn straw and wheat straw.
A coal gangue hollow brick forming method comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and screening, namely putting the coal gangue into a crusher to be crushed, and screening by using a vibrating screen to obtain a material with the particle diameter of less than 2 mm;
s2, stirring and mixing, namely putting the coal gangue, the medium fine sand, the straw powder, the bamboo fiber and the calcium carbonate into a stirrer for dry mixing for 180S, wherein the medium fine sand effectively improves the compactness of the coal gangue hollow brick in the pressing process, so that the brick has higher strength, the talcum powder is added after water is added for one time and is continuously stirred for 60S, the talcum powder can increase the tensile strength, the water retention thickening material is added after water is added for the second time and is continuously stirred for 60S, the viscosity of a raw material mixture is improved, the water reducing agent is added after water is added for the third time and is continuously stirred for 90S, the water reducing agent has a dispersing effect on raw material particles, the working performance of the concrete mixture can be improved, the unit water consumption is reduced, and the fluidity of the concrete mixture is improved;
s3, sealing and aging, namely putting the mixture obtained in the step S2 into an aging chamber to age for 24 hours, and controlling the aging temperature to be 20 ℃;
s4, making green bricks, putting the aged mixture into a stirrer to be stirred for 300S, and putting the mixture into an extruder to make bricks;
and S5, drying and sintering, namely putting the brick blank into a tunnel kiln for preheating and drying, then sintering at high temperature, and cooling along with the kiln to obtain the finished brick.
Example 2:
as shown in figure 1, the coal gangue hollow brick is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of coal gangue, 30 parts of medium fine sand, 25 parts of straw powder, 10 parts of talcum powder, 20 parts of bamboo fiber, 10 parts of water-retaining thickening material, 15 parts of sodium carbonate, 1.5 parts of water reducing agent and a proper amount of water, wherein the diameter of the medium fine sand is 2 mm.
The straw powder is a mixed product of corn straw and wheat straw, is easy to obtain and low in manufacturing cost, and can reduce the production cost.
A coal gangue hollow brick forming method comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and screening, namely putting the coal gangue into a crusher to be crushed, and screening by using a vibrating screen to obtain a material with the particle diameter of less than 2 mm;
s2, stirring and mixing, namely putting the coal gangue, the medium and fine sand, the straw powder, the bamboo fiber and the calcium carbonate into a stirrer for dry stirring for 180S, adding the talcum powder after adding water for the first time, continuing stirring for 60S, adding the water-retaining thickening material after adding water for the second time, continuing stirring for 60S, adding the water reducing agent after adding water for the third time, and continuing stirring for 90S;
s3, sealing and aging, namely putting the mixture obtained in the step S2 into an aging chamber to age for 24 hours, and controlling the aging temperature to be 25 ℃;
s4, making green bricks, putting the aged mixture into a stirrer to be stirred for 300S, and putting the mixture into an extruder to make bricks;
and S5, drying and sintering, namely putting the brick blank into a tunnel kiln for preheating and drying, then sintering at high temperature, and cooling along with the kiln to obtain the finished brick.
Specifically, the medium fine sand is added into the coal gangue powder, so that the compactness of the coal gangue hollow brick in the pressing process is effectively improved, the brick has higher strength, the talcum powder can increase the tensile strength, and the bamboo fiber has good air permeability and instant water absorbability.
Example 3:
as shown in figure 1, the coal gangue hollow brick is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of coal gangue, 25 parts of medium fine sand, 23 parts of straw powder, 8 parts of talcum powder, 17 parts of bamboo fiber, 8 parts of water-retaining thickening material, 12 parts of sodium carbonate, 1 part of water reducing agent and a proper amount of water, wherein the diameter of the medium fine sand is 2 mm.
The water-retaining thickening material is at least one of methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, and the viscosity of the raw material mixture is improved by adding at least one of the methyl cellulose, the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and the hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose as the water-retaining thickening material, so that the forming quality of the coal gangue hollow brick is ensured.
The straw powder is a mixed product of corn straw and wheat straw.
A coal gangue hollow brick forming method comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and screening, namely putting the coal gangue into a crusher to be crushed, and screening by using a vibrating screen to obtain a material with the particle diameter of less than 2 mm;
s2, stirring and mixing, namely putting the coal gangue, the medium and fine sand, the straw powder, the bamboo fiber and the calcium carbonate into a stirrer for dry stirring for 180S, adding the talcum powder after adding water for the first time, continuing stirring for 60S, adding the water-retaining thickening material after adding water for the second time, continuing stirring for 60S, adding the water reducing agent after adding water for the third time, and continuing stirring for 90S;
s3, sealing and aging, namely putting the mixture obtained in the step S2 into an aging chamber to age for 24 hours, and controlling the aging temperature to be 23 ℃;
s4, making green bricks, putting the aged mixture into a stirrer to be stirred for 300S, and putting the mixture into an extruder to make bricks;
and S5, drying and sintering, namely putting the brick blank into a tunnel kiln for preheating and drying, then sintering at high temperature, and cooling along with the kiln to obtain the finished brick.
Example 4:
as shown in figures 2-7, the pressing forming device for the coal gangue hollow brick comprises
The lifting device comprises a base plate 1, wherein two groups of vertical plates 2 are symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the base 1, an upper die 5 and a lower die 4 are arranged between the two groups of vertical plates 2, a lifting plate 7 is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the upper die 5 through a plurality of groups of connecting rods 6, connecting blocks 11 are fixedly arranged at two ends of the upper side of the lifting plate 7, a lifting shaft 10 is fixedly connected between the two groups of connecting blocks 11, a sliding groove 201 is formed in the middle of each vertical plate 2, two ends of each lifting shaft 10 penetrate through the connecting blocks 11 and are fixedly provided with square blocks 16, and the square blocks 16 are connected with the sliding grooves 201 in a sliding manner;
the bearing plate 25 is positioned at the bottom side of the lower die 4 and is in sliding connection with the two groups of vertical plates 2, the top of each vertical plate 2 is fixedly provided with a top plate 3, the middle part of the lower side of each top plate 3 is fixedly provided with an air cylinder 8, the middle part of the upper side of the lifting plate 7 is provided with a fixed seat 9, and the fixed seat 9 is fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the air cylinder 8;
specifically, the cylinder 8 extends to drive the fixing seat 9 to move downwards, so that the lifting plate 7, the connecting rod 6 and the upper die 5 move downwards, the coal gangue raw material is subjected to compression molding through cooperation between the lower die 4 and the bearing plate 25, and the square block 16 is connected with the sliding chute 201 in a sliding mode, and the stability of the lifting process is improved.
The packing device comprises a panel 17, baffles 18, side plates 19, a guide plate 20 and an inclined plate 21, wherein a through hole corresponding to the lower die 4 is formed in the middle of the panel 17, the baffles 18 are fixedly connected to the front side and the rear side of the upper part of the panel 17, the side plate 19 is fixedly connected to one end of the upper side of the panel 17, the other end of the panel 17 is a slope, the inclined plates 21 are fixedly connected to two sides of the slope, and the guide plate 20 is fixedly installed between the inclined plates 21 and the baffles 18; an electric push rod 22 is fixedly mounted on one side of the side plate 19, a scraping plate 23 is fixedly mounted at the telescopic end of the electric push rod 22, penetrates through the side plate 19, and the scraping plate 23 is in contact with the panel 17.
Specifically, put the gangue raw materials in the filler device, carry out the pay-off to lower mould 4 under the domatic combined action of guide plate 20, swash plate 21 and panel 17 tip, baffle 18 and curb plate 19 can avoid the raw materials unrestrained, electric putter 22 extension after lower mould 4 fills up drives scraper blade 23 and removes, strickles off the raw materials on panel 17 surface, promotes panel 17 right side with unnecessary raw materials, and the lower mould 5 of being convenient for punches, improves hollow brick shaping quality.
A first lever 12 is rotatably mounted at each of two ends of the lifting shaft 10, a driven shaft 14 is fixedly connected to the middle parts of two sides of the lower die 4, a sliding block 27 is fixedly connected to the middle parts of two sides of the lower die 4, the sliding block 27 is slidably connected with the sliding groove 201, a second lever 13 is rotatably mounted at the middle part of the driven shaft 14, and one end of the first lever 12 is hinged to the second lever 13; the top end of the first lever 12 is fixedly provided with a pressure lever 15, and the outer side of the pressure lever 15 is sleeved with an anti-skid sleeve.
Specifically, after the compression molding, an operator presses down the pressing rod 15 to drive the first lever 12 to rotate clockwise, so that the second lever 13 rotates anticlockwise, the lower die 4 is driven to move upwards under the guiding action of the slide block 27 and the matching between the driven shaft 14 and the chute 201, the lower die 4 and the bearing plate 25 only move vertically, and the demolding is rapid and the brick cannot be damaged.
The middle part of the upper side of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a groove 101, the middle part of the groove 101 is rotatably provided with a plurality of groups of rotating rollers 24, and the bottom side of the bearing plate 25 is contacted with the rotating rollers 24.
The lower die 4 comprises a shell 401, forming blocks 402 and connecting strips 403, wherein a plurality of groups of forming blocks 402 are arranged inside the shell 401, and the forming blocks 402 are fixedly connected with the shell 401 through the connecting strips 403.
The upper die 5 comprises a die pressing plate 501, forming holes 502 and forming grooves 503, the middle of the die pressing plate 501 corresponds to the forming block 402 and is provided with a plurality of groups of forming holes 502, and the two sides of each forming hole 502 are provided with the forming grooves 503 corresponding to the connecting strips 403.
Specifically, through corresponding design between last mould 5 and the lower mould 4, and the two is just to setting up from top to bottom, the efficiency that can the drawing of patterns, and effectively improve the shaping quality of gangue hollow brick, reduce the broken brick phenomenon, improve economic profit.
An overhanging plate 29 is fixedly mounted on one side, far away from the guide plate 33, of the lower die 4, and an oscillating motor 30 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the overhanging plate 29, so that the tightness of the coal gangue raw material in the lower die 4 is improved, and the forming quality is improved.
Equal fixed mounting in middle part of bearing plate 25 both sides has sand grip 26, sand grip 26 and horizontal groove 202 sliding connection effectively improve bearing plate 25 operating stability, make it only to remove along the horizontal direction.
The top end of the positioning rod 34 penetrates through the guide plate 33 and is in sliding connection with the guide plate, the top end of the positioning rod 34 is fixedly provided with a limiting plate 35, and a plurality of groups of springs 36 are fixedly connected between the bottom side of the limiting plate 35 and the upper side of the guide plate 33.
Specifically, pulling handle 28 is with bearing plate 25 propelling movement right, carry out preliminary location to bearing plate 25 through stopper 35, through locating piece 32 and spacing groove 3101 joint, locating lever 34 and constant head tank 3201 joint, carry out final location to bearing plate 25, make suppression in-process locating lever 34 and constant head tank 3201 inseparable joint under limiting plate 35 and spring 36's spring action, and stability is improved, during the drawing of patterns, deflector 33 drives locating lever 34 and follows lower mould 4 and moves upward, thereby be convenient for take out bearing plate 25, whole process location is accurate, and convenient for operation.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A coal gangue hollow brick is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of coal gangue, 20-30 parts of medium fine sand, 20-25 parts of straw powder, 4-10 parts of talcum powder, 15-20 parts of bamboo fiber, 5-10 parts of water-retaining thickening material, 10-15 parts of sodium carbonate, 0.5-1.5 parts of water reducing agent and a proper amount of water.
2. The coal refuse hollow brick as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the water-retaining thickening material is at least one of methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and hydroxyethyl methylcellulose.
3. The coal refuse hollow brick as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the straw powder is a mixed product of corn straw and wheat straw.
4. A coal gangue hollow brick forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing and screening, namely putting the coal gangue into a crusher to be crushed, and screening by using a vibrating screen to obtain a material with the particle diameter of less than 2 mm;
s2, stirring and mixing, namely putting the coal gangue, the medium and fine sand, the straw powder, the bamboo fiber and the calcium carbonate into a stirrer for dry stirring for 180S, adding the talcum powder after adding water for the first time, continuing stirring for 60S, adding the water-retaining thickening material after adding water for the second time, continuing stirring for 60S, adding the water reducing agent after adding water for the third time, and continuing stirring for 90S;
s3, sealing and aging, namely putting the mixture obtained in the step S2 into an aging chamber to age for 24 hours, and controlling the aging temperature to be 20-25 ℃;
s4, making green bricks, putting the aged mixture into a stirrer to be stirred for 300S, and putting the mixture into an extruder to make bricks;
and S5, drying and sintering, namely putting the brick blank into a tunnel kiln for preheating and drying, then sintering at high temperature, and cooling along with the kiln to obtain the finished brick.
5. The method for forming a coal gangue hollow brick as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the extruder comprises a bottom plate, two groups of vertical plates are symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the base, an upper die and a lower die are arranged between the two groups of vertical plates, a lifting plate is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the upper die through a plurality of groups of connecting rods, connecting blocks are fixedly arranged at two ends of the upper side of the lifting plate, a lifting shaft is fixedly connected between the two groups of connecting blocks, a sliding groove is formed in the middle of each vertical plate, square blocks are fixedly arranged at two ends of the lifting shaft in a penetrating mode through the connecting blocks, and the square blocks are connected with the sliding groove in a sliding mode;
the bearing plate is positioned at the bottom side of the lower die and is in sliding connection with the two groups of vertical plates, and one end of the bearing plate is provided with a positioning device;
the packing device comprises a panel, baffles, side plates, a guide plate and inclined plates, wherein a through hole corresponding to the lower die is formed in the middle of the panel, the baffles are fixedly connected to the front side and the rear side of the upper part of the panel, the side plate is fixedly connected to one end of the upper side of the panel, the other end of the panel is a slope, the inclined plates are fixedly connected to two sides of the slope, and the guide plate is fixedly installed between the inclined plates and the baffles;
the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting shaft, a sliding chute, a first lever, a second lever and a lifting shaft, wherein the two ends of the lifting shaft are rotatably provided with the first lever, the middle parts of the two sides of the lower die are fixedly connected with the driven shaft, the middle parts of the two sides of the lower die are fixedly connected with the sliding blocks, the sliding blocks are in sliding connection with the sliding chute, the middle part of the driven shaft is rotatably provided with the second lever, and one end of the first lever is hinged with the second lever;
the improved lifting plate is characterized in that a top plate is fixedly mounted at the top of the vertical plate, an air cylinder is fixedly mounted in the middle of the lower side of the top plate, a fixing seat is arranged in the middle of the upper side of the lifting plate and fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the air cylinder, a groove is formed in the middle of the upper side of the bottom plate, a plurality of groups of rotating rollers are rotatably mounted in the middle of the groove, and the bottom side of the bearing plate is in contact with the rotating rollers.
6. The method for forming a coal gangue hollow brick as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the positioning device comprises a limiting block, a positioning block, a guide plate and a positioning rod, wherein the positioning block is fixedly mounted at one end of the bearing plate, a limiting groove is formed in one side of the limiting block, the positioning block is connected with the limiting groove in a clamped mode, the guide plate is fixedly connected to one side of the lower die, the positioning rod is arranged at the end of the guide plate, the guide groove is arranged on the upper side of the limiting groove, a positioning groove is formed in the middle of the positioning block, and the bottom end of the positioning rod penetrates through the guide groove and is movably connected with the positioning groove in a clamped mode.
7. The method for forming a coal gangue hollow brick as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the top end of the positioning rod penetrates through the guide plate and is in sliding connection with the guide plate, the top end of the positioning rod is fixedly provided with a limiting plate, and a plurality of groups of springs are fixedly connected between the bottom side of the limiting plate and the upper side of the guide plate.
8. The method for forming a coal gangue hollow brick as claimed in claim 5, wherein: an electric push rod is fixedly mounted on one side of the side plate, a scraper plate is fixedly mounted at the telescopic end of the electric push rod in a penetrating mode through the side plate, and the scraper plate is in contact with the panel.
9. The method for forming a coal gangue hollow brick as claimed in claim 5, wherein: a pressing rod is fixedly mounted at the top end of the first lever, and an anti-skidding sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the pressing rod.
10. The method for forming a coal gangue hollow brick as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the bearing plate is far away from stopper one end middle part fixed mounting has the handle.
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| CN202110615494.4A CN113416059B (en) | 2021-06-02 | 2021-06-02 | Coal gangue hollow brick molding method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117656217A (en) * | 2024-01-26 | 2024-03-08 | 靖江市信华建设有限公司 | Light concrete-free building hollow brick forming device |
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| CN113416059B (en) | 2022-07-12 |
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