CN113401799A - Hoisting method of giant thin deck block - Google Patents
Hoisting method of giant thin deck block Download PDFInfo
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- CN113401799A CN113401799A CN202110825118.8A CN202110825118A CN113401799A CN 113401799 A CN113401799 A CN 113401799A CN 202110825118 A CN202110825118 A CN 202110825118A CN 113401799 A CN113401799 A CN 113401799A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
- B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
- B63B73/30—Moving or transporting modules or hull blocks to assembly sites, e.g. by rolling, lifting or floating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
- B63B73/60—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms characterised by the use of specific tools or equipment; characterised by automation, e.g. use of robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a hoisting method of a giant thin deck block, which comprises the following steps: s1, determining hoisting equipment; s2, determining the number of hanging points connected with each hanging row; s3, determining the positions of all hoisting points on the same hoisting row; s4, installing hanging codes and reinforcing bones longitudinally on the reverse side; and S5, after trial hoisting, carrying out formal hoisting and carrying on the giant thin deck plate total section. Aiming at the structural characteristics of the giant thin deck total section, the invention combines the requirement of the inclination angle of a steel wire rope on a lifting point, uniformly distributes the lifting point, supplements and installs a reverse longitudinal reinforcing rib according to a frame structure formed by ribs and longitudinal bones on the giant thin deck total section and the position of the lifting point, controls the deformation of the giant thin deck total section while ensuring the stable and safe lifting of the giant thin deck total section, and ensures the smooth proceeding of the subsequent carrying; in addition, the reinforcement bone of repacking is follow-up need not to demolish, not only avoids the destruction of later stage cutting to thin deck face, also reduces later stage construction work load simultaneously to further improve shipbuilding efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship construction, and particularly relates to a hoisting method of a giant thin deck block.
Background
With the development of large ships, in order to reduce the whole weight of the ships, thin plates are designed for decks and platforms with low requirements, the thickness of the thin plates is not more than 5mm, in order to reduce deformation, the thin plates are mainly constructed in a segmented mode and in a segmented hoisting mode, and the hoisting mode not only occupies a large amount of hoisting resources due to the adoption of a serial construction mode, but also has long ship construction period and low construction efficiency. Based on the defects of traditional segmental construction and lifting, the huge shipbuilding method is provided for building ships, so that the number of the total sections is greatly reduced, the lifting times and the ship building period are further reduced, the building efficiency is improved, and the building cost is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a hoisting method of a giant thin deck block, which adopts a pre-installed reinforcing structure matched with multi-hoisting-point position arrangement to ensure the hoisting safety and the hoisting quality of the giant thin deck block, and prevents the subsequent carrying precision from being influenced by overlarge deformation during hoisting of the giant thin deck block, thereby further influencing the ship construction period.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a method for hoisting a huge thin deck block, comprising the steps of:
s1, checking the weight and the gravity center of the giant thin deck total section, selecting a gantry crane according to the weight and the gravity center of the giant thin deck total section, wherein the gantry crane is provided with two upper trolleys, each upper trolley is provided with two main lifting hooks, each main lifting hook is provided with a hanging row, the hanging rows are rotary hanging rows, and the specification of the hanging rows is determined by the weight of the giant thin deck total section;
s2, determining the number of lifting points connected with each lifting line according to the weight of the giant thin deck total section, the number of the lifting lines and the lifting line structure and the stress uniform distribution principle, calculating the stress condition of a single lifting point, and ensuring that the stress of each lifting point is not greater than the preset force; selecting proper hanging weights, shackles and steel wire ropes according to the stress condition of a single hanging point;
s3, determining the positions of all hoisting points on the same hoisting row according to the structural form of the giant thin deck block, the hoisting row structure and the requirement of the included angle between the steel wire rope and the deck surface, and further determining the hoisting range; the principle of determining the positions of all the hoisting points on the same hoisting row comprises the following steps: uniformly distributing the tension of the steel wire rope on each lifting point; secondly, each lifting point is positioned at the junction position of the ribs and the longitudinal bones on the giant thin armor plate total section; the acute angle between the steel wire rope connected with each lifting point and the deck surface meets the requirement of a preset angle; fourthly, the hoisting points on the same hoisting row are arranged into at least one row along the width direction of the giant thin deck total section, and the hoisting points on the same hoisting row are positioned on the same ribs;
s4, mounting a lifting weight on the top surface of the deck at each lifting point, wherein during mounting, the connecting plate of the lifting weight needs to be aligned with the rib of the corresponding lifting point; a reverse longitudinal reinforcing bone is arranged on the thin deck below the lifting weight;
s5, connecting the hoisting row of the gantry crane with the hoisting codes at the corresponding hoisting points through steel wire ropes, and then carrying out trial hoisting, wherein the trial hoisting step comprises the following steps: slowly lifting the giant thin deck total section by 150-250 mm, checking to confirm whether the lifting is safe, if the giant thin deck total section is inclined and the center of gravity deviation occurs, falling back to the original position, readjusting the position of a lifting point until the giant thin deck total section is in a horizontal state during lifting, and enabling the steel wire ropes at each lifting code to be uniformly stressed; and after the trial hoisting is finished, carrying out formal hoisting and carrying of the giant thin deck plate total section.
Preferably, in S3, the suspension points on the same suspension row are arranged in two rows.
Preferably, the distance between the hanging points of two adjacent rows on the hanging row is equal to the distance between the ribs.
Preferably, the distance between two adjacent suspension points on the same suspension row in the same column is equal to the longitudinal bone spacing.
Preferably, in S4, the left toggle plates of the hangers are aligned with the longitudinals of the corresponding hanging points, the right toggle plates of two hangers disposed on the same longitudinals are connected by a reverse longitudinal reinforcement bone or the right toggle plates of the hangers are aligned with the longitudinals of the corresponding hanging points, and the left toggle plates of two hangers disposed on the same longitudinals are connected by a reverse longitudinal reinforcement bone.
Preferably, the preset force in S2 is determined according to the structure of the giant thin deck plate total section, and the determination principle is as follows: the preset force is not more than the maximum force which can be borne when the local part of the giant thin deck plate total section is not deformed.
As mentioned above, the hoisting method of the giant thin deck plate total section has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the maximum stress which can be borne when the huge thin deck total section is hoisted without deformation is calculated through the structure of the huge thin deck total section so as to determine the preset force and further determine the number of hoisting points, thus realizing multi-point dense hoisting of the huge thin deck total section, reducing the local stress at the hoisting points on the thin deck, achieving the purpose of controlling the deformation of the surface of the deck and ensuring the stability and the safety of the hoisting process;
(2) the following conditions are simultaneously met when the hanging weight is arranged: firstly, the tension of the steel wire ropes borne by each hanging weight is required to be uniformly distributed, and the hoisting stability is ensured; secondly, the hoisting codes are arranged at the junction positions of the ribs and the longitudinal bones on the giant thin deck total section, and the ribs and the longitudinal bones of the giant thin deck total section form a frame structure, so that the stress at the hoisting points can be effectively transmitted and dispersed, and the safety of hoisting the structure is ensured; thirdly, the included angle between the steel wire rope on the hanging weight and the horizontal plane is required to meet the requirement, so that the transverse component force of the steel wire rope on the giant thin deck total section is reduced, and the deformation factor is further reduced; fourthly, the hanging codes connected to the same hanging row are required to form at least one row of hanging code sequences distributed along the width direction of the giant thin deck total section, so that the hanging codes positioned in the same row form a transverse reinforcing piece extending along the width direction of the giant thin deck total section, the defect that the giant thin deck total section is easy to bend and deform due to the fact that longitudinal bone materials are weak is overcome, and the rigidity of the giant thin deck total section is improved; the hoisting codes are arranged according to the method, so that the hoisting of the huge thin deck block is stable and safe, the deformation generated by hoisting meets the requirement, and the subsequent construction is not influenced;
(3) when the hanging weight is installed, the connecting plates of all the hanging weights are aligned with the ribs at the corresponding hanging points, the outer side toggle plates/inner side toggle plates of all the hanging weights are aligned with the longitudinal bones at the corresponding hanging points uniformly to disperse stress, so that the stress cannot be transferred at the left side toggle plates/right side toggle plates of the hanging weights to form structural hard points, two adjacent right side toggle plates/left side toggle plates of the hanging weights on the same longitudinal bones are connected through the reverse side longitudinal reinforcing bones, the strength of a frame structure formed by the ribs and the longitudinal bones is further increased, excessive reinforcing structures do not need to be added, the problem of local stress concentration can be effectively avoided, the reinforcing setting efficiency is improved, and the ship building efficiency is further improved; because the back side longitudinal reinforcement bone that adds is light in weight, need not to demolish in the later stage, has not only avoided the destruction of later stage cutting to thin deck face, also reduces later stage construction work load simultaneously to further improve shipbuilding efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a sling arranged on a giant thin deck total section.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of the transverse arrangement of the two rows of the upper trolley (arranged along the left-right direction of the giant thin deck plate total section),
figure 3 is a schematic view of the placement of the opposing longitudinal reinforcement bones at each sling location attached to the same row of hangers.
Description of the reference numerals
The large thin armor plate comprises a large thin armor plate total section 01, ribs 02, a longitudinal frame 03, a hanging weight 1, a connecting plate 11, a left side toggle plate 12, a right side toggle plate 13, a hanging row 2, pulleys 21, shackles 3, steel wire ropes 4 and a reverse side longitudinal reinforcing frame 5.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 3. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the giant thin deck total section 01 is a full-width thin deck total section with a thickness of not more than 5mm, the weight of the giant thin deck total section is generally not less than 1000t, and the longitudinal frame is weak, so that the giant thin deck total section is easy to deform and even break during hoisting, thereby not only having a large potential safety hazard, but also influencing the subsequent carrying progress and being not beneficial to the rapid construction of ships.
The invention provides a hoisting method of a giant thin deck block, which comprises the following steps:
s1, checking the weight and the gravity center of the giant thin deck total section 01, selecting a gantry crane according to the weight and the gravity center of the giant thin deck total section 01, wherein the gantry crane is provided with two upper trolleys, each upper trolley is provided with two main lifting hooks, each main lifting hook is provided with a hanging row 2, the hanging rows 2 are rotary hanging rows, and the specification of the hanging rows 2 is determined by the weight of the giant thin deck total section 01;
assuming that the initial weight of the giant thin deck total section 01 calculated by the core is 1200t, for safety consideration, a hoisting scheme design should be performed according to the total section weight of 1400t (specifically, the design is performed according to the weight, without limitation, as long as it is ensured that the total section weight according to the hoisting scheme design is at least greater than the sum of the total section initial total amount, the hoisting weight, the weight of the reinforcing member to be additionally installed and the mass of other auxiliary accessories). According to the weight and the overall dimension of the huge thin deck plate section 01, 1600t of portal crane is selected as hoisting equipment, the portal crane is provided with two upper trolleys, each upper trolley is provided with two main lifting hooks, each main lifting hook is provided with one hanging row 2, and 4 hanging rows 2 are selected in total, so that the stress of each hanging row 2 is about 350t, the 400 t-sized hanging row 2 can be selected, and the hanging rows 2 are generally selected from rotary hanging rows, so that the hanging points can be flexibly distributed, and the situation that a steel wire rope is wound is avoided.
As shown in fig. 2, the rotating type hanging row is provided with 4 pulleys 21, each pulley 21 is wound with a steel wire rope 4, each steel wire rope 4 has two rope ends, and each rope end is provided with a shackle 3.
S2, determining the number of hoisting points connected with each hoisting row according to the weight of the giant thin deck total section, the number of the hoisting rows and the hoisting row structure and the principle of uniform distribution of stress of each hoisting row and each hoisting point, calculating the stress condition of each single hoisting point, and ensuring that the stress of each hoisting point is not greater than the preset force; selecting proper hanging weights, shackles and steel wire ropes according to the stress condition of a single hanging point;
the number of suspension points connectable to the row 2 is influenced by the configuration of the row 2, as shown in fig. 2, the number of suspension points connectable to the revolving row being 2nAnd n is a positive integer not less than 2, the stress of the lifting row 2 is about 350t, and the final number of lifting points on each lifting row is determined in combination with the fact that the stress of a single lifting point is not greater than the preset force. In the present embodiment, the preset force is 25t, and the number of the hanging points on each hanging row 2 is 16 (i.e. 2)4One), the stress of a single hoisting point is 21.875t, so that 64 hoisting codes of 25t, 32 shackles of 55t and a steel wire rope of phi 68 are selected.
S3, determining the positions of all hoisting points on the same hoisting row according to the structural form of the giant thin deck block, the hoisting row structure and the requirement of the included angle between the steel wire rope and the deck surface, and further determining the hoisting range; the principle of determining the positions of all the hoisting points on the same hoisting row comprises the following steps: uniformly distributing the tension of the steel wire rope on each lifting point; secondly, each lifting point is positioned at the junction position of the ribs and the longitudinal bones on the giant thin armor plate total section; the acute angle between the steel wire rope connected with each lifting point and the deck surface meets the requirement of a preset angle; fourthly, the hoisting points on the same hoisting row are arranged into at least one row along the width direction of the giant thin deck total section, and the hoisting points on the same hoisting row are positioned on the same ribs;
in this embodiment, the preset angle is not less than 80 ° to ensure that the steel cable connected to the hoisting point is as perpendicular as possible to the deck, so as to reduce the lateral component force of the steel cable on the large thin deck total section, and further reduce the deformation factor.
It is understood that the width direction of the giant thin armor plate is the extending direction of the length of the ribs 02.
Because the longitudinal bone material of the giant thin deck plate total section 01 is weak and is easy to bend and deform, a reinforcing part is usually additionally arranged to enhance the rigidity of the giant thin deck plate total section 01 and improve the hoisting safety; the invention does not need to additionally add a reinforcing piece, and only needs to form at least one row of hanging code sequences distributed along the width direction of the giant thin deck total section by the hanging points connected to the same hanging row, so that the hanging points positioned in the same row form a transverse reinforcing piece extending along the width direction of the giant thin deck total section, thereby effectively solving the defect that the giant thin deck total section is easy to bend and deform due to weak longitudinal framework.
S4, mounting a lifting weight on the top surface of the deck at each lifting point, wherein during mounting, the connecting plate of the lifting weight needs to be aligned with the rib of the corresponding lifting point; a reverse longitudinal reinforcing bone is arranged on the thin deck below the lifting weight;
as shown in fig. 3, the left side toggle plates 12 of the two hangers 1 are aligned with the vertical bones 03 of the corresponding hanging points, the right side toggle plates 13 of the two hangers 1 disposed on the same vertical bone 03 are connected by the reverse longitudinal reinforcing bone 5 or the right side toggle plates 13 of the hangers 1 are aligned with the vertical bones 03 of the corresponding hanging points, and the left side toggle plates 12 of the two hangers 1 disposed on the same vertical bone 03 are connected by the reverse longitudinal reinforcing bone 5.
S5, connecting the hoisting row of the gantry crane with the hoisting codes at the corresponding hoisting points through steel wire ropes, and then carrying out trial hoisting, wherein the trial hoisting step comprises the following steps: slowly lifting the giant thin deck total section by 150-250 mm (generally 200mm), checking to determine whether the lifting is safe, if the giant thin deck total section is inclined and the center of gravity deviation occurs, falling back to the original position, readjusting the position of the lifting point until the giant thin deck total section is in a horizontal state during lifting, so that the steel wire ropes at each lifting code are uniformly stressed; and after the trial hoisting is finished, carrying out formal hoisting and carrying of the giant thin deck plate total section.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to ensure that the wire ropes connected to the suspension points are as perpendicular as possible to the deck surface, the suspension points on the same suspension row 2 are arranged in two rows in S3.
Further, the distance between the hanging points in two adjacent rows on the same hanging row 2 is equal to the distance between the ribs, so as to further reduce the inclination angle of the wire ropes on the hanging points.
Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent lifting points on the same row on the same lifting row 2 is equal to the distance between the longitudinal frames, so that the continuous and dense arrangement of the lifting points along the left and right direction is realized while the inclination angle of a steel wire rope on the lifting points is reduced, and the purpose of enhancing the rigidity of the giant thin deck plate total section 01 is achieved.
In conclusion, the invention aims at the structural characteristics of the giant thin deck total section, combines the requirement of the inclination angle of the steel wire rope on the lifting point, uniformly distributes the lifting point, supplements and installs the reverse longitudinal reinforcing rib according to the frame structure formed by the ribs and the longitudinal bones on the giant thin deck total section and the position of the lifting point, controls the deformation of the giant thin deck total section while ensuring the stable and safe lifting of the giant thin deck total section, and ensures the smooth proceeding of the subsequent carrying; in addition, the reinforcing ribs of the patch do not need to be dismantled subsequently, so that the damage to the thin deck surface caused by later-stage cutting is avoided, and the later-stage construction workload is reduced, so that the ship building efficiency is further improved.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A hoisting method of a giant thin deck block is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, checking the weight and the gravity center of the giant thin deck total section, selecting a gantry crane according to the weight and the gravity center of the giant thin deck total section, wherein the gantry crane is provided with two upper trolleys, each upper trolley is provided with two main lifting hooks, each main lifting hook is provided with a hanging row, the hanging rows are rotary hanging rows, and the specification of the hanging rows is determined by the weight of the giant thin deck total section;
s2, determining the number of lifting points connected with each lifting line according to the weight of the giant thin deck total section, the number of the lifting lines and the lifting line structure and the stress uniform distribution principle, calculating the stress condition of a single lifting point, and ensuring that the stress of each lifting point is not greater than the preset force;
selecting proper hanging weights, shackles and steel wire ropes according to the stress condition of a single hanging point;
s3, determining the positions of all hoisting points on the same hoisting row according to the structural form of the giant thin deck block, the hoisting row structure and the requirement of the included angle between the steel wire rope and the deck surface, and further determining the hoisting range; the principle of determining the positions of all the hoisting points on the same hoisting row comprises the following steps:
uniformly distributing the tension of the steel wire rope on each lifting point; secondly, each lifting point is positioned at the junction position of the ribs and the longitudinal bones on the giant thin armor plate total section; the acute angle between the steel wire rope connected with each lifting point and the deck surface meets the requirement of a preset angle; fourthly, the hoisting points on the same hoisting row are arranged into at least one row along the width direction of the giant thin deck total section, and the hoisting points on the same hoisting row are positioned on the same ribs;
s4, mounting a lifting weight on the top surface of the deck at each lifting point, wherein during mounting, the connecting plate of the lifting weight needs to be aligned with the rib of the corresponding lifting point; a reverse longitudinal reinforcing bone is arranged on the thin deck below the lifting weight;
s5, connecting the hoisting row of the gantry crane with the hoisting codes at the corresponding hoisting points through steel wire ropes, and then carrying out trial hoisting, wherein the trial hoisting step comprises the following steps: slowly lifting the giant thin deck total section by 150-250 mm, checking to confirm whether the lifting is safe, if the giant thin deck total section is inclined and the center of gravity deviation occurs, falling back to the original position, readjusting the position of a lifting point until the giant thin deck total section is in a horizontal state during lifting, and enabling the steel wire ropes at each lifting code to be uniformly stressed; and after the trial hoisting is finished, carrying out formal hoisting and carrying of the giant thin deck plate total section.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the hoisting points of the same rows are arranged in two rows in S3.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the distance between the hanging points in two adjacent rows of the hanging rows is equal to the distance between the ribs in S3.
4. The method of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the distance between two adjacent suspension points in the same row is equal to the longitudinal frame distance.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the left brackets of the suspending means are aligned with the vertical bars of the corresponding suspending points, the right brackets of the two suspending means disposed on the same vertical bar are connected by the reverse longitudinal reinforcing bar or the right brackets of the two suspending means are aligned with the vertical bars of the corresponding suspending points, and the left brackets of the two suspending means disposed on the same vertical bar are connected by the reverse longitudinal reinforcing bar at S4.
6. The hoisting method of the giant thin deck plate total section as claimed in claim 1, wherein the predetermined force in S2 is determined according to the giant thin deck plate total section structure by the following principle: the preset force is not more than the maximum force which can be borne when the local part of the giant thin deck plate total section is not deformed.
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| CN202110825118.8A CN113401799B (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Hoisting method of giant thin deck block |
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| CN202110825118.8A CN113401799B (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Hoisting method of giant thin deck block |
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| CN113401799B (en) | 2022-12-20 |
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