CN113398662A - Laminated filter medium for high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Laminated filter medium for high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113398662A
CN113398662A CN202110819490.8A CN202110819490A CN113398662A CN 113398662 A CN113398662 A CN 113398662A CN 202110819490 A CN202110819490 A CN 202110819490A CN 113398662 A CN113398662 A CN 113398662A
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porous ceramic
ceramic layer
filter medium
graphene
laminated filter
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CN113398662B (en
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杨旭
丁勇
鲁元
刘金娥
贠柯
毕成
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Xian Special Equipment Inspection and Testing Institute
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Xian Special Equipment Inspection and Testing Institute
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B01D46/12—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces in multiple arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B18/00—Layered products essentially comprising ceramics, e.g. refractory products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/302—Conductive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B32B2307/734—Dimensional stability

Abstract

The invention discloses a laminated filter medium for a high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device and a preparation method thereof, wherein the filtering and dust removing device comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet, the laminated filter medium comprises a first porous ceramic layer, a second porous ceramic layer, a third porous ceramic layer, a fourth porous ceramic layer and a fifth porous ceramic layer which are sequentially arranged, the first porous ceramic layer is close to the gas inlet, and the fifth porous ceramic layer is close to the gas outlet; and the porosity of the first porous ceramic layer, the porosity of the second porous ceramic layer, the porosity of the third porous ceramic layer, the porosity of the fourth porous ceramic layer and the porosity of the fifth porous ceramic layer are reduced in sequence. According to the invention, through the laminated filter medium with the porosity sequentially reduced along with the increase of the number of layers, the high-temperature gas can be filtered and dedusted, and the laminated filter medium has the advantages of high porosity, good high-temperature mechanical property, strong high-temperature flue gas impact resistance and the like.

Description

Laminated filter medium for high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial waste treatment, and particularly relates to a laminated filter medium for a high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-temperature gas dust removal is a technical means for realizing gas purification by directly carrying out gas-solid separation under the high-temperature condition, can utilize physical sensible heat, chemical latent heat and kinetic energy of gas to the maximum extent, and can realize the most effective utilization of useful resources in the gas.
In the modern industrial production process, the field related to direct purification and dust removal and application of dust-containing gas at high temperature is very wide, and the high-temperature gas comprises high-temperature coal gas in the coal gasification combined cycle power generation process flow in the energy industry, high-temperature reaction gas in the petrochemical industry and the chemical industry, high-temperature coal gas of blast furnaces and converters in the metallurgical industry, high-temperature tail gas of high-temperature tail gas boilers and incinerators in the glass industry and the like. The high-temperature industrial gas contains a large amount of physical sensible heat, chemical latent heat and kinetic energy and available substances such as solid catalysts, and the reasonable utilization of the high-temperature industrial gas has huge economic value. The purification and dust removal of the high-temperature gas are key technologies essential for realizing reasonable utilization of high-temperature gas resources, and are advanced environment-friendly technologies.
In the current common high-temperature gas purification and dust removal process, the medium filtration purification and dust removal technology has obvious advantages, and the high-temperature filter medium with excellent heat resistance is utilized to realize gas-solid separation so as to achieve the purposes of gas purification and resource recovery. The method can utilize the physical sensible heat of the gas to the maximum extent, improve the energy utilization rate, simplify the process, save the investment of process equipment, and avoid secondary water pollution caused by wet dust removal, but the defects of poor thermal shock resistance and poor high-temperature corrosion resistance exist in the current high-temperature filter medium, and the requirements on industrial stability and service life cannot be met. The filter medium which is suitable for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device and has the thermal shock resistance effect and the high-temperature corrosion resistance performance and more stable structure is provided, and is one of the keys for improving the application range of the filter medium.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a laminated filter medium for a high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art. According to the invention, the laminated filter medium comprises the first porous ceramic layer, the second porous ceramic layer, the third porous ceramic layer, the fourth porous ceramic layer and the fifth porous ceramic layer, and the porosity is sequentially reduced along with the increase of the number of layers, so that the high-temperature gas can be filtered and dedusted, and the laminated filter medium has the advantages of good high-temperature mechanical property, strong high-temperature flue gas impact resistance and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the laminated filter medium for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and is characterized by comprising a first porous ceramic layer, a second porous ceramic layer, a third porous ceramic layer, a fourth porous ceramic layer and a fifth porous ceramic layer which are sequentially arranged, wherein the first porous ceramic layer is close to the gas inlet, and the fifth porous ceramic layer is close to the gas outlet;
and the porosity of the first porous ceramic layer, the porosity of the second porous ceramic layer, the porosity of the third porous ceramic layer, the porosity of the fourth porous ceramic layer and the porosity of the fifth porous ceramic layer are reduced in sequence.
The laminated filter medium for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device is characterized in that the thickness of the first porous ceramic layer, the thickness of the second porous ceramic layer, the thickness of the third porous ceramic layer, and the thickness of the fourth porous ceramic layer and the fifth porous ceramic layer are all 20-40 cm.
The laminated filter medium for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device is characterized in that the raw material of the laminated filter medium comprises titanium carbide and silicon carbide;
the mass percentage of the titanium carbide in the raw materials used in each layer is increased and then decreased along with the increase of the layer number;
the percentage by mass of the silicon carbide in the raw material used in each layer increases with the number of layers.
The laminated filter medium for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device is characterized in that the raw material of the first porous ceramic layer comprises titanium dioxide and graphene; the raw materials of the second porous ceramic layer, the third porous ceramic layer and the fourth porous ceramic layer comprise titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, graphene, titanium carbide and silicon carbide; the raw materials of the fifth porous ceramic layer comprise silicon dioxide, graphene and silicon carbide;
in the raw materials of the first porous ceramic layer, the mass percentage of titanium dioxide is 68-70%, and the mass percentage of graphene is 30-32%;
in the raw materials of the second porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 28-30%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 26-28%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 6-8%, the mass percent of silicon carbide is 6-8%, and the balance is graphene;
in the raw materials of the third porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 24-26%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 22-24%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 12-14%, the mass percent of silicon carbide is 12-14%, and the balance is graphene;
in the raw materials of the fourth porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 20-22%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 18-20%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 18-20%, the mass percent of silicon carbide is 18-20%, and the balance is graphene;
in the raw materials of the fifth porous ceramic layer, the mass percentage of silicon dioxide is 30-32%, the mass percentage of graphene is 18-20%, and the mass percentage of silicon carbide is 48-52%.
The laminated filter medium for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device is characterized in that the titanium dioxide, the silicon dioxide, the graphene, the titanium carbide and the silicon carbide are all in powder form;
the particle diameter D of the titanium dioxide1Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 10 mu m1< 20 μm, the particle size D of the silica2Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 20 mu m2Less than 30 μm, the particle diameter D of the titanium carbide3Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 40 mu m3< 50 μm, the particle size D of the silicon carbide4Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 70 mu m4Less than 80 mu m, the particle size D of the graphene5Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 5 mu m5＜10μm。
The laminated filter medium for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device is characterized in that the specific surface area of the graphene is 180m2/g～280m2The content of C in the graphene is 80-90%.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for preparing the laminated filter medium for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device, which is characterized in that the raw materials after corresponding mixing are sequentially laid in a mould according to the sequence of the first porous ceramic layer, the second porous ceramic layer, the third porous ceramic layer, the fourth porous ceramic layer and the fifth porous ceramic layer, compression molding is carried out to obtain a green body, and the green body is sintered in an argon atmosphere to obtain the laminated filter medium.
The method is characterized in that the thickness of each layer of mixed raw materials which are laid in a mould is 30-60 cm; the pressure for compression molding is 100 kN-140 kN; the sintering temperature is 1800-2000 ℃.
The method is characterized by specifically comprising the following steps:
step one, respectively performing wet ball milling drying on a raw material of a first porous ceramic layer, a raw material of a second porous ceramic layer, a raw material of a third porous ceramic layer, a raw material of a fourth porous ceramic layer and a raw material of a fifth porous ceramic layer to obtain mixed raw materials correspondingly;
step two, sequentially laying the mixed raw material of the first porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the second porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the third porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the fourth porous ceramic layer and the mixed raw material of the fifth porous ceramic layer in a mould, pressurizing to 100 kN-140 kN, keeping for 2 min-4 min, and releasing the pressure to obtain a green body;
step three, in an argon atmosphere, raising the temperature of the green body to 1800-2000 ℃ according to the heating rate of 10-30 ℃/min, and keeping for 2-4 h for sintering, wherein the pressure born by the green body in the sintering process is 60-80 kN;
and step four, cooling the blank sintered in the step four along with a furnace to obtain the laminated filter medium.
The method described above, wherein the atmosphere pressure of the argon atmosphere in step three is 4X 105pa～6×105pa。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the laminated filter medium comprises the first porous ceramic layer, the second porous ceramic layer, the third porous ceramic layer, the fourth porous ceramic layer and the fifth porous ceramic layer, and the porosity is sequentially reduced along with the increase of the number of layers, so that the high-temperature gas can be filtered and dedusted, and the laminated filter medium has the advantages of good high-temperature mechanical property, strong high-temperature flue gas impact resistance and the like.
2. The raw materials of the laminated filter medium comprise titanium carbide and silicon carbide, and the characteristics of stable chemical property, high thermal conductivity, small thermal expansion coefficient, good wear resistance, high hardness, good thermal conductivity, strong oxidation resistance and the like of the silicon carbide are organically combined with the characteristics of high hardness, high corrosion resistance, high temperature strength and the like of the titanium carbide.
3. The laminated filter medium has the advantages that the number of layers is increased from the position close to the high-temperature gas inlet to the position close to the high-temperature gas outlet, the porosity is sequentially reduced along with the increase of the number of layers, the mass percentage of titanium carbide is gradually increased from zero and then reduced to zero, the mass percentage of silicon carbide is gradually increased from zero, and the good mechanical property of the laminated filter medium is realized through the gradually reduced porosity and the carbide content in gradient distribution.
4. The raw materials of the invention also comprise titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide and graphene, so that the defects of coarse product carbide ceramic grains, particle aggregation, uneven appearance or insufficient reaction and the like caused by the small contact area of reactants in the preparation process of the carbide ceramic can be effectively avoided, the obtained carbide ceramic grains are fine, uniform in distribution, less in particle aggregation, complete in reaction and high in purity, and the requirements of high-temperature gas filtration and dust removal can be effectively met.
5. The invention has the advantages of wide raw material source, low cost, simple preparation process and high popularization and application value.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a laminated filter medium according to example 1.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of the laminated filter media of example 1.
Description of the reference numerals
1-a first porous ceramic layer; 2-a second porous ceramic layer;
3-a third porous ceramic layer; 4-a fourth porous ceramic layer;
5-fifth porous ceramic layer.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a laminated filter medium for a high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device, the filtering and dust removing device comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet, the laminated filter medium comprises a first porous ceramic layer 1, a second porous ceramic layer 2, a third porous ceramic layer 3, a fourth porous ceramic layer 4 and a fifth porous ceramic layer 5 which are arranged in sequence, the first porous ceramic layer 1 is close to the gas inlet, and the fifth porous ceramic layer 5 is close to the gas outlet;
the porosity of the first porous ceramic layer 1, the porosity of the second porous ceramic layer 2, the porosity of the third porous ceramic layer 3, the porosity of the fourth porous ceramic layer 4 and the porosity of the fifth porous ceramic layer 5 are reduced in sequence; the laminated filter medium is positioned between the gas inlet and the gas outlet and is perpendicular to the gas flow direction.
The thickness of the first porous ceramic layer 1, the thickness of the second porous ceramic layer 2, the thickness of the third porous ceramic layer 3, the thickness of the fourth porous ceramic layer 4 and the thickness of the fifth porous ceramic layer 5 are all 20cm, the thickness of the laminated filter medium is 100cm, and the length and the width of the laminated filter medium are all 100 cm;
the raw materials of the first porous ceramic layer comprise titanium dioxide and graphene; the raw materials of the second porous ceramic layer, the third porous ceramic layer and the fourth porous ceramic layer comprise titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, graphene, titanium carbide and silicon carbide; the raw materials of the fifth porous ceramic layer comprise silicon dioxide, graphene and silicon carbide;
in the raw materials of the first porous ceramic layer, the mass percentage of titanium dioxide is 68%, and the mass percentage of graphene is 32%;
in the raw materials of the second porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 28%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 26%, the mass percent of graphene is 30%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 8%, and the mass percent of silicon carbide is 8%;
in the raw materials of the third porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 24%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 22%, the mass percent of graphene is 26%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 14%, and the mass percent of silicon carbide is 14%;
in the raw materials of the fourth porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 20%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 18%, the mass percent of graphene is 22%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 20%, and the mass percent of silicon carbide is 20%;
in the raw materials of the fifth porous ceramic layer, the mass percentage of silicon dioxide is 30%, the mass percentage of graphene is 18%, and the mass percentage of silicon carbide is 52%.
The titanium dioxide, the silicon dioxide, the graphene, the titanium carbide and the silicon carbide are all in powder form; the particle diameter D of the titanium dioxide1Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 15 mu m1< 20 μm, the particle size D of the silica2Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 25 mu m2Less than 30 μm, the particle diameter D of the titanium carbide3Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 45 mu m3< 50 μm, the particle size D of the silicon carbide4Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 75 mu m4Less than 80 mu m, the particle size D of the graphene5Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 5 mu m5Less than 10 μm; the specific surface area of the graphene is 180m2/g～280m2The content of C in the graphene is 80-90%.
The embodiment also provides a method for preparing the laminated filter medium for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device, which comprises the following steps:
step one, respectively performing wet ball milling drying on the raw materials of the first porous ceramic layer, the second porous ceramic layer, the third porous ceramic layer, the fourth porous ceramic layer and the fifth porous ceramic layer according to the proportion to obtain mixed raw materials correspondingly;
step two, sequentially placing the mixed raw material of the first porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the second porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the third porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the fourth porous ceramic layer and the mixed raw material of the fifth porous ceramic layer in a mold, pressurizing to 100kN, keeping for 2min, and releasing the pressure to obtain a green body; the thickness of each layer of the mixed raw materials laid in the mould is 30 cm;
step three, in an argon atmosphere, raising the temperature of the green body to 1800 ℃ according to a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and keeping for 2 hours for sintering, wherein the pressure born by the green body in the sintering process is 60 kN; the pressure of the argon atmosphere is 4 multiplied by 105pa。
And step four, cooling the blank sintered in the step four along with a furnace to obtain the laminated filter medium.
And (3) performance testing:
table 1 example 1 laminated filter media each layer of the feed composition and porosity distribution
Figure BDA0003171362510000081
As can be seen from table 1, the porosity of the single layers in the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth porous ceramic layers decreases as the number of layers increases, the weight percentage of silicon carbide increases as the number of layers increases, and the weight percentage of titanium carbide decreases as the number of layers increases in each sintered product, and the laminated filter medium of the present invention has excellent high-temperature gas filtration performance.
Fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the laminated filter medium of example 1, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that the porous ceramic layer is almost composed of equiaxed titanium carbide and silicon carbide grains, the grains are fine and uniformly distributed, no grain agglomeration phenomenon occurs, the pore size distribution is uniform, and the pores are uniformly distributed around the titanium carbide and the silicon carbide grains, which indicates that the laminated filter medium of the present invention has equiaxed titanium carbide and silicon carbide grains, and has excellent microstructure and high-temperature mechanical properties.
The high-temperature flue gas purification test is used for evaluating the high-temperature dust removal effect of the laminated filter medium, and the change of the dust concentration in the flue gas is an important index for evaluating the high-temperature dust removal effect of the filter medium. Wherein, the sample in the dust concentration sampling is high-temperature captured dust, and the dust concentration in the gas phase is determined by determining the weight of the captured dust and measuring the flow of the passing gas; the dust in the flue gas before filtration is collected by a sintered metal wire mesh with the diameter of 5 mu m, the dust after filtration is collected by a metal microporous membrane filter tube with the diameter of 0.3 mu m, a ten-thousandth balance is used for weighing, a high-temperature flue gas filtration and dust removal experiment runs for 300 hours, and the high-temperature coal gas is purified by nearly 20000Nm3. The results show that the laminated filter medium of the invention can lead the dust concentration in the purified flue gas to be from 200mg/Nm3～1000mg/Nm3Down to 10mg/Nm3The filtering efficiency of the filter medium reaches more than 99.9 percent, and is obviously superior to the high-temperature flue gas filtering and dedusting effect of the conventional bag-type dust remover.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a laminated filter medium for a high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device, the filtering and dust removing device comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet, the laminated filter medium comprises a first porous ceramic layer 1, a second porous ceramic layer 2, a third porous ceramic layer 3, a fourth porous ceramic layer 4 and a fifth porous ceramic layer 5 which are arranged in sequence, the first porous ceramic layer 1 is close to the gas inlet, and the fifth porous ceramic layer 5 is close to the gas outlet;
the porosity of the first porous ceramic layer 1, the porosity of the second porous ceramic layer 2, the porosity of the third porous ceramic layer 3, the porosity of the fourth porous ceramic layer 4 and the porosity of the fifth porous ceramic layer 5 are reduced in sequence; the laminated filter medium is positioned between the gas inlet and the gas outlet and is perpendicular to the gas flow direction.
The thickness of the first porous ceramic layer 1, the thickness of the second porous ceramic layer 2, the thickness of the third porous ceramic layer 3, the thickness of the fourth porous ceramic layer 4 and the thickness of the fifth porous ceramic layer 5 are all 30cm, the thickness of the laminated filter medium is 150cm, and the length and the width of the laminated filter medium are both 150 cm;
the raw materials of the first porous ceramic layer comprise titanium dioxide and graphene; the raw materials of the second porous ceramic layer, the third porous ceramic layer and the fourth porous ceramic layer comprise titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, graphene, titanium carbide and silicon carbide; the raw materials of the fifth porous ceramic layer comprise silicon dioxide, graphene and silicon carbide;
in the raw materials of the first porous ceramic layer, the mass percentage of titanium dioxide is 69%, and the mass percentage of graphene is 31%;
in the raw materials of the second porous ceramic layer, the mass percentage of titanium dioxide is 29%, the mass percentage of silicon dioxide is 27%, the mass percentage of graphene is 32%, the mass percentage of titanium carbide is 6%, and the mass percentage of silicon carbide is 6%;
in the raw materials of the third porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 25%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 23%, the mass percent of graphene is 26%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 13%, and the mass percent of silicon carbide is 13%;
in the raw materials of the fourth porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 21%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 19%, the mass percent of graphene is 22%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 19%, and the mass percent of silicon carbide is 19%;
in the raw materials of the fifth porous ceramic layer, the mass percentage of silicon dioxide is 31%, the mass percentage of graphene is 19%, and the mass percentage of silicon carbide is 50%.
The titanium dioxide, the silicon dioxide, the graphene, the titanium carbide and the silicon carbide are all in powder form; the particle diameter D of the titanium dioxide1Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 13 mu m1Less than 17 μm, the particle size D of the silica2Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 23 mu m2Less than 27 μm, the particle diameter D of the titanium carbide3Satisfies the following conditions: 43 μm < D3Less than 47 mu m, the particle size D of the silicon carbide4Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 73 mu m4Less than 77 mu m, and the particle size D of the graphene5Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 5 mu m5Less than 10 μm; the specific surface area of the graphene is 180m2/g～280m2The content of C in the graphene is 80-90%.
The embodiment also provides a method for preparing the laminated filter medium for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device, which comprises the following steps:
step one, respectively performing wet ball milling drying on the raw materials of the first porous ceramic layer, the second porous ceramic layer, the third porous ceramic layer, the fourth porous ceramic layer and the fifth porous ceramic layer according to the proportion to obtain mixed raw materials correspondingly;
step two, sequentially placing the mixed raw material of the first porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the second porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the third porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the fourth porous ceramic layer and the mixed raw material of the fifth porous ceramic layer in a mould, pressurizing to 120kN, keeping for 3min, and releasing the pressure to obtain a green body; the thickness of each layer of mixed raw materials laid in the mould is 45 cm;
step three, in an argon atmosphere, raising the temperature of the green body to 1900 ℃ according to the heating rate of 20 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3 hours for sintering, and bearing the green body in the sintering processAt a pressure of 70 kN; the pressure of the argon atmosphere is 5 multiplied by 105pa。
And step four, cooling the blank sintered in the step four along with a furnace to obtain the laminated filter medium.
The performance of the laminated filter media of this example was substantially the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a laminated filter medium for a high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device, the filtering and dust removing device comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet, the laminated filter medium comprises a first porous ceramic layer 1, a second porous ceramic layer 2, a third porous ceramic layer 3, a fourth porous ceramic layer 4 and a fifth porous ceramic layer 5 which are arranged in sequence, the first porous ceramic layer 1 is close to the gas inlet, and the fifth porous ceramic layer 5 is close to the gas outlet;
the porosity of the first porous ceramic layer 1, the porosity of the second porous ceramic layer 2, the porosity of the third porous ceramic layer 3, the porosity of the fourth porous ceramic layer 4 and the porosity of the fifth porous ceramic layer 5 are reduced in sequence; the laminated filter medium is positioned between the gas inlet and the gas outlet and is perpendicular to the gas flow direction.
The thickness of the first porous ceramic layer 1, the thickness of the second porous ceramic layer 2, the thickness of the third porous ceramic layer 3, the thickness of the fourth porous ceramic layer 4 and the thickness of the fifth porous ceramic layer 5 are all 40cm, the thickness of the laminated filter medium is 200cm, and the length and the width of the laminated filter medium are both 200 cm;
the raw materials of the first porous ceramic layer comprise titanium dioxide and graphene; the raw materials of the second porous ceramic layer, the third porous ceramic layer and the fourth porous ceramic layer comprise titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, graphene, titanium carbide and silicon carbide; the raw materials of the fifth porous ceramic layer comprise silicon dioxide, graphene and silicon carbide;
in the raw materials of the first porous ceramic layer, the mass percentage of titanium dioxide is 70%, and the mass percentage of graphene is 30%;
in the raw materials of the second porous ceramic layer, the mass percentage of titanium dioxide is 30%, the mass percentage of silicon dioxide is 28%, the mass percentage of graphene is 28%, the mass percentage of titanium carbide is 7%, and the mass percentage of silicon carbide is 7%;
in the raw materials of the third porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 26%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 24%, the mass percent of graphene is 26%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 12%, and the mass percent of silicon carbide is 12%;
in the raw materials of the fourth porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 22%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 20%, the mass percent of graphene is 22%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 18%, and the mass percent of silicon carbide is 18%;
in the raw materials of the fifth porous ceramic layer, the mass percentage of silicon dioxide is 32%, the mass percentage of graphene is 20%, and the mass percentage of silicon carbide is 48%.
The titanium dioxide, the silicon dioxide, the graphene, the titanium carbide and the silicon carbide are all in powder form; the particle diameter D of the titanium dioxide1Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 10 mu m1< 15 μm, the particle size D of the silica2Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 20 mu m2Less than 25 μm, the particle diameter D of the titanium carbide3Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 40 mu m3< 45 μm, the particle size D of the silicon carbide4Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 70 mu m4Less than 75 μm, the particle size D of the graphene5Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 5 mu m5Less than 10 μm; the specific surface area of the graphene is 180m2/g～280m2The content of C in the graphene is 80-90%.
The embodiment also provides a method for preparing the laminated filter medium for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device, which comprises the following steps:
step one, respectively performing wet ball milling drying on the raw materials of the first porous ceramic layer, the second porous ceramic layer, the third porous ceramic layer, the fourth porous ceramic layer and the fifth porous ceramic layer according to the proportion to obtain mixed raw materials correspondingly;
step two, sequentially placing the mixed raw material of the first porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the second porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the third porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the fourth porous ceramic layer and the mixed raw material of the fifth porous ceramic layer in a mold, pressurizing to 140kN, keeping for 4min, and releasing the pressure to obtain a green body; the thickness of each layer of mixed raw materials laid in the mould is 60 cm;
step three, in an argon atmosphere, raising the temperature of the green body to 2000 ℃ according to the heating rate of 30 ℃/min, and keeping for 4 hours for sintering, wherein the pressure borne by the green body in the sintering process is 80 kN; the pressure of the argon atmosphere is 6 multiplied by 105pa。
And step four, cooling the blank sintered in the step four along with a furnace to obtain the laminated filter medium.
The performance of the laminated filter media of this example was substantially the same as that of example 1.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The laminated filter medium for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and is characterized by comprising a first porous ceramic layer, a second porous ceramic layer, a third porous ceramic layer, a fourth porous ceramic layer and a fifth porous ceramic layer which are sequentially arranged, wherein the first porous ceramic layer is close to the gas inlet, and the fifth porous ceramic layer is close to the gas outlet;
and the porosity of the first porous ceramic layer, the porosity of the second porous ceramic layer, the porosity of the third porous ceramic layer, the porosity of the fourth porous ceramic layer and the porosity of the fifth porous ceramic layer are reduced in sequence.
2. The laminated filter medium for a high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first porous ceramic layer, the thickness of the second porous ceramic layer, the thickness of the third porous ceramic layer, and the thickness of the fourth porous ceramic layer and the fifth porous ceramic layer are all 20 cm-40 cm.
3. The laminated filter medium for a high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw material of the laminated filter medium comprises titanium carbide and silicon carbide;
the mass percentage of the titanium carbide in the raw materials used in each layer is increased and then decreased along with the increase of the layer number;
the percentage by mass of the silicon carbide in the raw material used in each layer increases with the number of layers.
4. The laminated filter medium for a high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device of claim 1, wherein the raw material of the first porous ceramic layer comprises titanium dioxide and graphene; the raw materials of the second porous ceramic layer, the third porous ceramic layer and the fourth porous ceramic layer comprise titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, graphene, titanium carbide and silicon carbide; the raw materials of the fifth porous ceramic layer comprise silicon dioxide, graphene and silicon carbide;
in the raw materials of the first porous ceramic layer, the mass percentage of titanium dioxide is 68-70%, and the mass percentage of graphene is 30-32%;
in the raw materials of the second porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 28-30%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 26-28%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 6-8%, the mass percent of silicon carbide is 6-8%, and the balance is graphene;
in the raw materials of the third porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 24-26%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 22-24%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 12-14%, the mass percent of silicon carbide is 12-14%, and the balance is graphene;
in the raw materials of the fourth porous ceramic layer, the mass percent of titanium dioxide is 20-22%, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 18-20%, the mass percent of titanium carbide is 18-20%, the mass percent of silicon carbide is 18-20%, and the balance is graphene;
in the raw materials of the fifth porous ceramic layer, the mass percentage of silicon dioxide is 30-32%, the mass percentage of graphene is 18-20%, and the mass percentage of silicon carbide is 48-52%.
5. The laminated filter medium for a high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device according to claim 4, wherein the titanium dioxide, the silicon dioxide, the graphene, the titanium carbide and the silicon carbide are all in powder form;
the particle diameter D of the titanium dioxide1Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 10 mu m1< 20 μm, the particle size D of the silica2Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 20 mu m2Less than 30 μm, the particle diameter D of the titanium carbide3Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 40 mu m3< 50 μm, the particle size D of the silicon carbide4Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 70 mu m4Less than 80 mu m, the particle size D of the graphene5Satisfies the following conditions: d is more than 5 mu m5＜10μm。
6. The laminated filter medium for a high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device according to claim 5, wherein the graphene has a specific surface area of 180m2/g～280m2The content of C in the graphene is 80-90%.
7. The method for preparing the laminated filter medium for the high-temperature gas filtering and dust removing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first porous ceramic layer, the second porous ceramic layer, the third porous ceramic layer, the fourth porous ceramic layer and the fifth porous ceramic layer are sequentially mixed, raw materials are sequentially applied to a mold, compression molding is carried out to obtain a green body, and the green body is sintered in an argon atmosphere to obtain the laminated filter medium.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the thickness of each layer of mixed raw material applied to the mold is 30cm to 60 cm; the pressure for compression molding is 100 kN-140 kN; the sintering temperature is 1800-2000 ℃.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, comprising in particular:
step one, respectively performing wet ball milling drying on a raw material of a first porous ceramic layer, a raw material of a second porous ceramic layer, a raw material of a third porous ceramic layer, a raw material of a fourth porous ceramic layer and a raw material of a fifth porous ceramic layer to obtain mixed raw materials correspondingly;
step two, sequentially laying the mixed raw material of the first porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the second porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the third porous ceramic layer, the mixed raw material of the fourth porous ceramic layer and the mixed raw material of the fifth porous ceramic layer in a mould, pressurizing to 100 kN-140 kN, keeping for 2 min-4 min, and releasing the pressure to obtain a green body;
step three, in an argon atmosphere, raising the temperature of the green body to 1800-2000 ℃ according to the heating rate of 10-30 ℃/min, and keeping for 2-4 h for sintering, wherein the pressure born by the green body in the sintering process is 60-80 kN;
and step four, cooling the blank sintered in the step four along with a furnace to obtain the laminated filter medium.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the argon atmosphere in step three has an atmospheric pressure of 4 x 105pa～6×105pa。
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