CN113387752A - Special compound fertilizer rich in microbial agent for rice - Google Patents

Special compound fertilizer rich in microbial agent for rice Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113387752A
CN113387752A CN202110805976.6A CN202110805976A CN113387752A CN 113387752 A CN113387752 A CN 113387752A CN 202110805976 A CN202110805976 A CN 202110805976A CN 113387752 A CN113387752 A CN 113387752A
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rice
fertilizer
compound fertilizer
rich
microbial
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马友
张海东
王桂满
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Heilongjiang Shenfei Biotechnology Co ltd
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Heilongjiang Shenfei Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/40Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12Granules or flakes

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a special compound fertilizer rich in microbial agents for rice. The compound fertilizer consists of an inorganic fertilizer and a microbial agent, wherein the inorganic fertilizer is a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary fertilizer and provides a large number of elements required by rice growth, and the microbial agent can effectively prevent and treat common diseases of rice, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, reduce the fertilizing amount, has a good promotion effect on the rice growth, and increases the rice yield.

Description

Special compound fertilizer rich in microbial agent for rice
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to a special compound fertilizer rich in microbial agents for rice.
Background
The rice is one of three grain crops in China, the planting area is about 3 million hectares, and the rice occupies the second place in the world. A large amount of fertilizer is needed to be applied to planting the paddy rice, and the chemical fertilizer has the characteristics of high nutrient content, quick fertilizer efficiency and strong fertilizer effect, and is applied to the paddy rice field in large amount. However, if chemical fertilizers are excessively applied for a long time, the nutrition is excessive, the disease and insect resistance of rice is weakened and the rice is prone to lodging, the yield of grains is greatly reduced, the structure and the physicochemical properties of soil are damaged, and the soil nutrient structure is disordered. Therefore, the traditional fertilization mode needs to be changed, the formula fertilization is optimized, the fertilizer is scientifically fertilized, the fertilizer consumption is reduced, and the yield and the quality of the rice are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a special compound fertilizer rich in microbial inoculum for paddy rice, which is added with the microbial inoculum on the basis of the traditional nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium inorganic compound fertilizer, improves the soil structure, improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer, improves the growth condition of the paddy rice and improves the yield and the quality of the paddy rice under the condition of reducing the total fertilizing amount.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a compound fertilizer rich in microbial inoculum special for paddy rice comprises an inorganic fertilizer and a microbial inoculum.
Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer comprises a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer.
Preferably, the microbial agent comprises at least one of paenibacillus jelly, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus laterosporus;
when the microbial agents are two or more, the weight parts of the microbial agents are the same.
After the Paenibacillus mucilaginosus is applied to soil, the Paenibacillus mucilaginosus is propagated and grown in the soil, and can play a role in fixing nitrogen, dissolving phosphorus and potassium and releasing medium and trace elements, so that the soil fertility is increased, and the fertilizer utilization rate is improved; in the metabolic process, a plurality of physiological active substances such as gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, cytokinin and the like are also generated, the development and the robust growth of the root system of the crop are promoted, the cold resistance, the drought resistance, the disease resistance and the stress resistance of the crop are enhanced, the yield of the crop is increased, and the product quality is improved; beneficial flora is formed at the root of the crop, the propagation of harmful and pathogenic microorganisms in the soil is effectively inhibited, and the occurrence of various soil-borne diseases can be obviously reduced.
The bacillus laterosporus promotes the growth of plant root systems and enhances the absorption capacity of the root systems, thereby improving the crop yield; inhibiting the propagation of pathogenic bacteria inside and outside the plant body, reducing plant diseases and insect pests and reducing pesticide residue; the soil is improved and loosened, and the soil hardening phenomenon is solved, so that the soil is activated, the photosynthesis is enhanced, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be improved;
the bacillus laterosporus has obvious effect on preventing and treating bacterial leaf blight of rice.
The bacillus licheniformis can promote organic matters in the soil to be decomposed into humus, so that the soil fertilizer efficiency is greatly improved; the method has the advantages that the propagation of pathogenic bacteria in the soil and the attack on the roots of plants are inhibited, the soil-borne diseases of the plants are reduced, and the outbreak of various pests is prevented; the soil aggregate structure is improved, the soil water storage, energy storage and ground temperature are improved, and the continuous cropping obstacle is relieved;
the bacillus licheniformis has strong inhibition capability on rice blast germs, and the field control effect reaches more than 50 percent; has better prevention and treatment effect on rice sheath blight disease.
The bacillus subtilis can generate active substances such as subtilin, polymyxin, nystatin, gramicidin and the like in the growth process, and the active substances have obvious inhibition effect on harmful and pathogenic microorganisms; the secreted phytase can degrade most phytate in the soil, provide required nutrition for plant growth, and the bacillus subtilis can also produce auxin to promote the growth of plants.
The bacillus subtilis has better prevention and treatment effects on the rice blast, and the prevention and treatment effects are close to 25 percent; has strong control capability on the sheath blight.
The bacillus amyloliquefaciens is a bacterium with high affinity with bacillus subtilis, can dissolve compounds such as calcium phosphorus, iron phosphorus, aluminum phosphorus and the like which are not easy to absorb in soil, and promotes the dissolution and utilization of ineffective phosphorus in the soil; can fast colonize and dominantly grow in the root system of crops, secrete a large amount of high-activity chitinase and fast eliminate pathogenic bacteria; the fruit swelling is increased, and the crop yield and the agricultural product grade are greatly improved;
the bacillus amyloliquefaciens can effectively prevent and treat rice false smut, rice blast and bacterial leaf streak of rice.
Preferably, the nitrogen fertilizer comprises urea and ammonium chloride.
Preferably, the phosphate fertilizer comprises monoammonium phosphate.
Preferably, the potash fertilizer comprises potassium chloride.
Preferably, the special compound fertilizer for rice rich in the microbial agent also comprises a binder;
preferably, the binder comprises attapulgite powder.
Preferably, the special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial agent for rice comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0003166398880000031
Figure BDA0003166398880000041
preferably, the preparation method of the special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial agent for rice comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride into powder respectively;
(2) fully and uniformly mixing the crushed urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride with the microbial agent and the attapulgite powder;
(3) and granulating the mixed materials by a roller or extruding and granulating to prepare the special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial agent for the rice.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the fertilizer disclosed by the invention is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and is also rich in a microbial agent, and besides a large number of elements required by rice growth, the soil structure is regulated by the microbial agent, so that the soil fertility is increased, and the application amount of a chemical fertilizer is reduced; harmful germs are inhibited, and the disease resistance of the rice is improved; produce bioactive substances, promote the growth of rice and improve the yield and quality of rice.
2. The attapulgite powder is used as a binder, has special adsorption performance due to holes and channels in a crystal structure, and after the fertilizer is applied to soil, nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like are adsorbed into the crystals and slowly released, so that the nutrient loss is reduced, and the fertilizer efficiency is enhanced; on the other hand, the attapulgite powder is a fertilizer due to silicon and magnesium, the rice is a silicon-loving crop, the demand on silicon is second to the demand on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the application of the silicon fertilizer to the rice can not only obviously increase the yield, but also obviously improve the stress resistance of the rice, and finally the attapulgite powder has good soil improvement effect due to the unique crystal structure and properties.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial agent for the rice comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0003166398880000051
wherein, the bacillus laterosporus is powder, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 200 hundred million/g;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride into powder respectively;
(2) fully and uniformly mixing the crushed urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride with the bacillus laterosporus and the attapulgite powder;
(3) and granulating the mixed materials by a roller to obtain the special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial inoculum for the rice.
Example 2
The special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial agent for the rice comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0003166398880000061
wherein, the bacillus subtilis is powder, and the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/g;
the bacillus licheniformis is powder, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/g;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride into powder respectively;
(2) fully and uniformly mixing the crushed urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride with bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and attapulgite powder;
(3) and extruding and granulating the mixed materials to obtain the special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial inoculum for the rice.
Example 3
The special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial agent for the rice comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0003166398880000071
wherein, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is powder, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 200 hundred million/g;
the paenibacillus jelly is powder, and the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 200 hundred million/g;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride into powder respectively;
(2) fully and uniformly mixing the crushed urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride with the bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the paenibacillus mucilaginosus and the attapulgite powder;
(3) and extruding and granulating the mixed materials to obtain the special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial inoculum for the rice.
Example 4
The special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial agent for the rice comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0003166398880000072
Figure BDA0003166398880000081
wherein, the bacillus laterosporus is powder, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 200 hundred million/g;
the bacillus subtilis is powder, and the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/g;
the bacillus licheniformis is powder, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/g;
the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is powder, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 200 hundred million/g;
the paenibacillus jelly is powder, and the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 200 hundred million/g;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride into powder respectively;
(2) fully and uniformly mixing the crushed urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride with bacillus laterosporus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, paenibacillus mucilaginosus and attapulgite powder;
(3) and granulating the mixed materials by a roller to obtain the special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial inoculum for the rice.
The specifications of urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride in the embodiments 1-4 are the same, and the nitrogen content (calculated by N) in the urea is more than or equal to 46 percent; the content of nitrogen (calculated by N) in the ammonium chloride is more than or equal to 25 percent; the nitrogen content (calculated by N) in the monoammonium phosphate is more than or equal to 11 percent, and the phosphorus content (calculated by P) in the monoammonium phosphate2O5Calculated) is more than or equal to 44 percent; potassium content in potassium chloride (in K)2Calculated by O) is more than or equal to 60 percent.
The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial inoculum for paddy rice prepared in the embodiment 1 are respectively 21-7-7, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g;
the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in the special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial inoculum for paddy rice prepared in the embodiment 2 are respectively 19-8-8, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g;
the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in the special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial inoculum prepared in the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 are respectively 17-9-9, the effective viable count is more than or equal to 0.5 hundred million/g, and the types of the microbial inoculum and the dosage of each microbial inoculum are different.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 1, the bacillus laterosporus is not added, the difference is replaced by the attapulgite powder, and other conditions are not changed.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the example 1, the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus licheniformis are equivalently replaced without adding bacillus laterosporus, the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis is 1:1, and other conditions are not changed.
Comparative example 3
Compared with the example 1, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the paenibacillus mucilaginosus are used for replacing the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the paenibacillus mucilaginosus in equal amount, the weight ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 1:1, and other conditions are not changed.
The application cases are as follows:
the above examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were applied with the following effects:
test work: two-line hybrid rice (machine-transplanted);
the test method comprises the following steps: basal application, wherein the fertilizing amount is 50 kilograms per mu; 10 kg of urea is applied in the tillering stage of the rice, and no pesticide is used in the growth process.
The occurrence conditions of several common diseases in the rice growth process are recorded, the occurrence conditions are not marked as "-", the occurrence conditions of slight diseases are marked as "+", the occurrence conditions of moderate diseases are marked as "+ +", the occurrence conditions of severe diseases are marked as "+ + + + + +", and the yield results after harvesting are recorded, wherein the specific results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003166398880000101
As can be seen from Table 1, the total content of the inorganic fertilizers in the compound fertilizers for rice prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 was the same (N + P)2O5+K2O is more than or equal to 35 percent) and belongs to a high nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium balance type, and the influence on the growth of the rice is little. Because of the addition of the microbial agent,the microbial inoculum has a good inhibition effect on different diseases, but the influence on the growth of rice is different due to different types and contents of the microbial inoculum, so that the yield per mu of the rice is slightly different, and the effective viable count is the most and the yield is the optimal in example 3.
Compared with the example 3, the total content of the inorganic fertilizer is the same, the number of effective viable bacteria is equivalent, but the types of the added microbial agents are more, various common diseases of rice can be comprehensively controlled, and the acre yield of the rice is highest.
In comparative example 1, since no microbial agent was added, the occurrence of disease was severe, the yield decreased greatly, and decreased by approximately 30% compared to example 1.
In comparative example 2, the bacillus laterosporus in example 1 was replaced with bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis in equal amounts, and in comparative example 3, the bacillus laterosporus in example 1 was replaced with bacillus amyloliquefaciens and paenibacillus mucilaginosus in equal amounts, although different diseases occurred, the degree of the diseases was slight, and the acre yield of rice was not affected.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial agent for the rice is characterized by consisting of an inorganic fertilizer and the microbial agent.
2. The compound fertilizer special for rice rich in microbial inoculant according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fertilizer comprises nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.
3. The compound fertilizer special for rice and rich in the microbial inoculant according to claim 1, wherein the microbial inoculant comprises at least one of bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus laterosporus.
4. The microbial inoculant enriched compound fertilizer for rice as claimed in claim 2, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer comprises urea and ammonium chloride.
5. The microbial inoculant enriched compound fertilizer for rice as claimed in claim 2, wherein the phosphate fertilizer comprises monoammonium phosphate.
6. The microbial inoculant enriched compound fertilizer for rice as claimed in claim 2, wherein the potassium fertilizer comprises potassium chloride.
7. The compound fertilizer special for rice rich in microbial inoculant according to claim 1, further comprising a binder.
8. The special compound fertilizer for rice rich in microbial inoculant according to claim 7, wherein the binder comprises attapulgite powder.
9. The compound fertilizer special for rice rich in microbial inoculant according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0003166398870000011
Figure FDA0003166398870000021
10. the special compound fertilizer for rice rich in microbial inoculant according to claim 9, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride into powder respectively;
(2) fully and uniformly mixing the crushed urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride with the microbial agent and the attapulgite powder;
(3) and granulating the mixed materials by a roller or extruding and granulating to prepare the special compound fertilizer rich in the microbial agent for the rice.
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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114560742A (en) * 2022-04-02 2022-05-31 江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 Fertilizer for preventing and treating rice blast and preparation method thereof

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CN107118024A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-09-01 湖北猛之牛农业科技有限公司 A kind of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer
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CN101851123A (en) * 2010-05-26 2010-10-06 王金玲 High-concentration compound microorganism bacterial fertilizer and production method thereof
CN103980062A (en) * 2014-06-11 2014-08-13 史丹利化肥股份有限公司 Special functional biological slow-release fertilizer for chilies
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN114560742A (en) * 2022-04-02 2022-05-31 江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 Fertilizer for preventing and treating rice blast and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20210914