CN113381271B - Polarized laser light splitting device and system - Google Patents
Polarized laser light splitting device and system Download PDFInfo
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
- H01S3/0071—Beam steering, e.g. whereby a mirror outside the cavity is present to change the beam direction
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polarized laser beam splitting device and a system, comprising: the device comprises a first optical rotation component (20-1) and a first polarization light splitting component (30-1), wherein the first optical rotation component is used for changing the vibration direction of polarized laser light, the first polarization light splitting component comprises a first surface, a second surface, a third surface and a fourth surface, and the second surface (30-1-2) is used for performing high reflection on vertically polarized laser light in the polarized laser light and performing high transmission on horizontally polarized laser light in the polarized laser light; the horizontal polarization laser is emitted from the second surface of the first polarization light splitting assembly to form first emitted laser, and the vertical polarization laser is reflected by the second surface and the third surface of the first polarization light splitting assembly to form second emitted laser. The first polarization light splitting component with different included angles is replaced, so that the included angle between the first emergent laser and the second emergent laser and the distance between the first emergent laser and the second emergent laser during emergent can be adjusted. Therefore, two beams of emergent laser with adjustable optical parameters such as energy, polarization, included angle and spacing can be obtained in a limited space by only one laser emitter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser, in particular to a polarized laser beam splitting device and system.
Background
When the telescope observes a target through the atmosphere, the wavefront of a target signal is disturbed by the atmospheric turbulence to generate wavefront distortion, so that the resolution of the large-scale ground telescope is far lower than a theoretical value. Modern telescopes use adaptive optics to compensate for the effects of blurring of the earth's atmosphere. To do this, the telescope needs to be able to see a bright reference star while observing its primary target. However, there is not always a suitable bright star in the vicinity, so astronomers use lasers to create artificial stars where they need it. Sodium atoms in the atmosphere emit light under the action of laser to form tiny light spots simulating real stars. The sodium beacon laser can be used for exciting sodium atoms in the atmospheric layer with the altitude of about 100km to generate a high-brightness sodium guide star, and the imaging resolution of the foundation telescope based on the adaptive optical system can be remarkably improved.
A single guide star is usually adopted to correct atmospheric distortion, however, the correction field of view is small and uneven, and the requirement of a large-scale foundation telescope on a large field of view cannot be met; multiple sodium guide stars are developed to form a constellation, so that the telescope can realize high-resolution and high-sensitivity observation in a large view field range.
The way of realizing the star group is that a plurality of sodium beacon lasers emit a plurality of laser beams to generate a plurality of bright stars in the sky, and the way has the following problems: multiple transmission and emission systems are needed, the occupied area is large, the structure is complex, the cost is high, and meanwhile, optical parameters such as energy, polarization, included angle and distance of laser emitted by the discrete sodium beacon laser cannot be adjusted, so that the brightness of the generated multiple sodium guide stars is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that a polarized laser beam splitting device for generating a sodium guide star constellation and a system thereof are provided to solve the technical problem that a plurality of transmission and emission systems are required and parameters such as polarization, energy and spacing of laser cannot be adjusted.
To achieve the above-mentioned effects, a first object of the present invention is to provide a polarized laser beam splitting apparatus, including: first optical rotation subassembly and first polarization beam splitting subassembly:
the first optical rotation component is used for changing the vibration direction of the polarized laser;
the first polarization light splitting assembly is formed by enclosing a first surface, a second surface, a third surface and a fourth surface which are mutually crossed, wherein the second surface is highly reflective to vertical polarization laser and highly transmissive to horizontal polarization laser; the third surface is highly reflective to vertically polarized laser light, and the first surface and the fourth surface are highly transmissive to polarized laser light;
the polarized laser beam is incident to the first polarized light splitting assembly from the first surface and irradiates to the second surface, wherein the horizontal polarized laser beam is transmitted through the second surface to form first emergent laser, the vertical polarized laser beam is reflected to the third surface through the second surface, highly reflected to the fourth surface through the third surface and transmitted through the fourth surface to form second emergent laser.
Further, the first surface of the first polarization light splitting assembly is plated with a high-transmission film for polarized laser, the second surface is plated with a high-transmission film for horizontal polarized laser and a high-reflection film for vertical polarized laser, the third surface is plated with a high-reflection film for vertical polarized laser, and the fourth surface is plated with a high-transmission film for polarized laser.
Furthermore, the first polarization light splitting assembly is a prism, and the first surface, the second surface, the third surface and the fourth surface are four end surfaces of the prism.
Further, the first optical rotation component is a wave plate or a Faraday rotator.
Furthermore, the first polarization beam splitting assembly comprises a plurality of first polarization beam splitting assemblies, the included angle of the first surface, the second surface, the third surface and the fourth surface of each first polarization beam splitting assembly is different, and the first polarization beam splitting assemblies can be alternately arranged on the laser optical axis emitted by the optical rotation assembly.
Furthermore, the first outgoing laser and the second outgoing laser of each first polarization light splitting assembly have different included angles and/or different intervals.
Further, when the second surface of each first polarization beam splitting assembly reflects the vertically polarized laser light to the fourth surface, the optical path lengths of the vertically polarized laser light in the first polarization beam splitting assembly are different.
Further, the polarization laser also comprises a laser which is used for generating the polarization laser.
Further, the polarized laser light generated by the laser is linearly polarized laser light, circularly polarized laser light or elliptically polarized laser light.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a polarized laser beam splitting system, comprising the above polarized laser beam splitting device, wherein the polarized laser beam splitting system comprises n polarized laser beam splitting devices sequentially arranged, and wherein the n-th polarized laser beam splitting device is arranged on the optical axis of two outgoing laser beams of the n-1 th polarized laser beam splitting device to split the polarized laser beam into 2 n The beam emits laser, wherein n is more than or equal to 2.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
therefore, the first optical rotation component changes the vibration direction of the polarized laser to distribute the energy of the emitted laser, and the polarized laser in any vibration direction can be ensured to be split by the first polarization splitting component. The first polarization light splitting component separates the polarized laser into two beams of emergent laser through the first surface, the second surface, the third surface and the fourth surface. Obviously, according to the optical principle, the included angle and the distance between the first emitted laser and the second emitted laser can be adjusted by replacing different first polarization light splitting assemblies. And the vibration direction of the transmission light is adjusted through the first optical rotation component, so that the components of the polarized laser in the horizontal and vertical directions can be changed, and the energy distribution of the two beams of emergent laser is realized. Therefore, the polarization laser beam splitter provided by the invention can obtain two beams of emitted laser by only one laser emitter, and the energy, polarization, included angle, interval and other optical parameters of the two beams of emitted laser can be adjusted.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings required for the embodiment will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a polarized laser beam splitting apparatus provided in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a polarized laser splitting apparatus according to another form of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a polarized laser beam splitting system provided in accordance with the present invention.
Reference numerals:
wherein, the polarized laser 10; a first optically active member 20-1; a first polarization beam splitting assembly 30-1; a first side 30-1-1; a second side 30-1-2; a third face 30-1-3; fourth face 30-1-4; a laser 00; a first emission laser 10-1; a second emergent laser 10-2; a second optically active member 20-2; a second polarization beam splitting assembly 30-2.
Detailed Description
In the drawings a schematic view of a layer structure according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity. The shapes of various regions, layers, and relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, as actually required.
It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a polarization laser beam splitting device, comprising: first optical rotation element 20-1 and first polarization beam splitting element 30-1:
the first optical rotation assembly 20-1 is used for changing the vibration direction of the polarized laser light;
the first polarization light splitting component 30-1 is formed by enclosing a first surface 30-1-1, a second surface 30-1-2, a third surface 30-1-3 and a fourth surface 30-1-4 which are mutually intersected, and the second surface 30-1-2 is highly reflective to vertical polarization laser and highly transmissive to horizontal polarization laser; the third surface 30-1-3 reflects the vertically polarized laser light, and the first surface 30-1-1 and the fourth surface 30-1-4 transmit the polarized laser light;
the polarized laser beam 10 is incident to the first polarization light splitting assembly 30-1 from the first surface 30-1-1 and irradiates to the second surface 30-1-2, wherein the horizontal polarized laser beam is transmitted through the second surface 30-1-2 to form a first emergent laser beam 10-1, the vertical polarized laser beam is reflected to the third surface 30-1-3 through the second surface 30-1-2, highly reflected to the fourth surface 30-1-4 through the third surface 30-1-3 and transmitted through the fourth surface to form a second emergent laser beam 10-2.
The invention realizes the light splitting of a beam of polarized light through the second surface 30-1-2 with the polarization light splitting function, and divides a beam of polarized laser into two beams of light with horizontal and vertical vibration directions respectively. And the vertical polarized light is reflected by the third surface 30-1-3, so that the emitting directions of the two separated laser beams are consistent or almost consistent.
Since the second surface 30-1-2 completely reflects the polarized light in the vertical direction and completely transmits the polarized light in the horizontal direction, when the polarization direction of the incident polarized laser light 10 is the vertical direction, the incident polarized laser light is completely reflected by the second surface 30-1-2 and cannot be transmitted out of the second surface 30-1-2, and thus the incident laser light cannot be separated into two beams. When the incident polarized laser light is in the horizontal direction, the incident polarized laser light is completely transmitted by the second surface 30-1-2, and cannot generate reflected light, so that the incident laser light cannot be separated into two beams. Therefore, the first optical rotation component 20-1 is arranged in front of the first polarization beam splitting component 30-1, the vibration direction of the polarized laser can be changed by the first optical rotation component 20-1, and the first optical rotation component can be adjusted to ensure that the vibration direction of the laser irradiating the second surface has a certain included angle with the vertical/horizontal direction, so that a part of horizontal component light of the incident polarized laser is transmitted out of the first polarization beam splitting component from the second surface to form the first emergent laser 10-1, and the other part of the polarized laser in the vertical direction is reflected to the third surface 30-1-3 and is transmitted out through the fourth surface after being reflected by the third surface to form the second emergent laser 10-2. By adjusting the first optical rotation component 20-1 to change the vibration direction of the polarized laser light 10, the energy of the two outgoing laser lights can be distributed.
In the prior art, the polarized laser is split by using an independent polarized beam splitter and a reflecting mirror, and the polarized beam splitter and the reflecting mirror are independent from each other, so that the mutual position relationship is unstable, and the occupied space is large. The second surface 30-1-2 with the polarization light splitting function and the third surface 30-1-3 with the reflection function are combined with the first surface and the fourth surface to form a whole, the first polarization light splitting component 30-1 is formed by enclosing the first surface 30-1-1, the second surface 30-1-2, the third surface 30-1-3 and the fourth surface 30-1-4 which are mutually intersected, the structure is compact, and the occupied space is small. And because of the integrated arrangement, the relative position between the surfaces is very stable. Therefore, the two separated laser beams do not generate errors, and the laser is particularly suitable for the requirement of exciting the sodium guide star in the atmosphere in the field of astronomical telescopes for long-distance transmission.
In order to reduce the loss of laser passing through the polarization beam splitting assembly 30-1, the first surface 30-1-1 of the first polarization beam splitting assembly 30-1 is plated with a high-transmittance film for polarized laser. In order to realize the polarization and light splitting function of the second surface 30-1-2, the second surface 30-1-2 is plated with a high-transmission film for horizontal polarization laser and a high-reflection film for vertical polarization laser. The invention realizes the high reflection effect of the third surface 30-1-3 on the vertical polarized light by plating the third surface 30-1-3 with a high reflection film for the vertical polarized laser. Similarly, in order to reduce the loss of the emitted laser, the fourth surface 30-1-4 is coated with a high-transmittance film for the polarized laser.
Specifically, the first polarization beam splitting assembly 30-1 is a prism, and the first surface 30-1-1, the second surface 30-1-2, the third surface 30-1-3, and the fourth surface 30-1-4 are four end surfaces of the prism. In order to ensure that the first outgoing laser light 10-1 and the second outgoing laser light 10-2 are in the same plane, it should be ensured as much as possible that the intersecting lines of the first surface 30-1-1, the second surface 30-1-2, the third surface 30-1-3 and the fourth surface 30-1-4 are parallel to each other. The intersection line of the first surface 30-1-1, the second surface 30-1-2, the third surface 30-1-3 and the fourth surface 30-1-4 can also be set to be unparallel under the special working condition requirement.
It should be understood that the first polarization beam splitting assembly 30-1 of the present invention is not limited to the prism implementation, and may also take other forms, such as a frame, and four surfaces, i.e. the first surface 30-1-1, the second surface 30-1-2, the third surface 30-1-3 and the fourth surface 30-1-4, are fixed in the frame, which also ensures stable and firm relative position between the surfaces.
For the first optical rotation module 20-1, a wave plate or a Faraday rotator may be used. Both devices can cause the vibration direction of the polarized laser light to change. And can be selected according to specific working conditions.
According to different use scenes, the first emergent laser 10-1 and the second emergent laser 10-2 with different energy intensities, intervals and angles are often needed. Therefore, the present invention can be provided with a plurality of first polarization beam splitting assemblies 30-1, and the included angle and the distance between the first surface 30-1-1, the second surface 30-1-2, the third surface 30-1-3 and the fourth surface 30-1-4 of each first polarization beam splitting assembly 30-1 can be set with different values, so as to process a plurality of first polarization beam splitting assemblies 30-1 suitable for different scenes, each first polarization beam splitting assembly 30-1 can be arranged on the optical axis of the laser emitted from the first optical rotation assembly 20-1 in a mutual replaceable manner, and different first polarization beam splitting assemblies 30-1 can be specifically selected according to different scenes.
Therefore, due to the fact that the geometric characteristics of each first polarization light splitting component 30-1 are different, the included angle and/or the distance between the first emergent laser light 10-1 and the second emergent laser light 10-2 are different.
When the second surface 30-1-2 of each first polarization beam splitting assembly 30-1 reflects the vertically polarized laser light to the fourth surface 30-1-4, the optical path lengths of the vertically polarized laser light in the first polarization beam splitting assembly are different.
The invention also includes a laser 00 for generating the polarized laser light. The polarized laser light 10 generated by the laser is linearly polarized laser light, circularly polarized laser light or elliptically polarized laser light.
The invention also provides a polarized laser beam splitting system which is characterized by comprising the polarized laser beam splitting device, wherein the polarized laser beam splitting system comprises n polarized laser beam splitting devices which are sequentially arranged, wherein the n-th polarized laser beam splitting device is arranged on the optical axis of two emergent lasers of the n-1-th polarized laser beam splitting device so as to divide the polarized laser into 2 parts n The beam emits laser, wherein n is more than or equal to 2.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a polarization laser beam splitting device provided for a first embodiment of the present invention includes: a first optically active element 20-1 and a first polarization beam splitting element 30-1. The first optical rotation assembly 20-1 is a half-wave plate, is disposed in front of the first polarization beam splitting assembly 30-1, and is configured to rotate the vibration direction of the polarized laser 10 to change energy distribution of two beams of laser light formed after the polarized laser 10 is split. The first polarization beam splitting assembly 30-1 includes: a first face 30-1-1, a second face 30-1-2, a third face 30-1-3, and a fourth face 30-1-4. The first surface 30-1-1 is plated with a laser high-transmittance film, the second surface 30-1-2 is plated with a vertical polarized light high-reflectance film and a horizontal polarized light high-transmittance film, the third surface 30-1-3 is plated with a vertical polarized light high-reflectance film, and the fourth surface 30-1-4 is plated with a laser high-transmittance film. The first face 30-1-1 and the fourth face 30-1-4 are parallel to each other, the angle between the first face 30-1-1 and the second face 30-1-2 is about 34.68 degrees, and the angle between the first face 30-1-1 and the third face 30-1-3 is about 152.46 degrees. When the polarization direction of the polarized laser beam 10 emitted by the laser 00 is along the horizontal direction and vertically enters the first polarization light splitting assembly 30-1 after passing through the first optical rotation assembly 20-1, the horizontally polarized light passing through the first surface 30-1-1 is transmitted by the second surface 30-1-2 to form first emitted laser 10-1, the vertically polarized light passing through the first surface 30-1-1 is reflected by the second surface 30-1-2 and the third surface 30-1-3, and the fourth surface 30-1-4 is transmitted to form second emitted laser 10-2. The first emitted laser 10-1 is horizontally polarized light, the second emitted laser 10-2 is vertically polarized light, and the vibration directions of the vertically polarized laser and the horizontally polarized laser are perpendicular to each other. The first outgoing laser 10-1 and the second outgoing laser 10-2 are parallel to each other and have equal energy.
In embodiment 1, the first polarization beam splitter component 20-1 changes the vibration direction of the polarized laser beam 10 to distribute the energy of the emitted laser beam, and can ensure that the polarized laser beam with any vibration direction can be split by the first polarization beam splitter component. The first optical rotation component 20-1 and the first polarization beam splitting component 30-1 are used in cooperation, and the polarized laser beam 10 emitted by the laser 00 is divided into a first emitted laser 10-1 and a second emitted laser 10-2 which are parallel and have equal energy in a limited space.
Example 2
Fig. 2 shows another polarization laser beam splitting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The first optical rotation component 20-1 is a quarter wave plate, is disposed in front of the first polarization beam splitting component 30-1, and is configured to rotate the vibration direction of the polarized laser 10 to change energy distribution of two laser beams formed after the polarized laser 10 is split. The first surface 30-1-1 of the first polarization light splitting component 30-1 is plated with a laser high-transmittance film, the second surface 30-1-2 is plated with a vertical polarized light high-reflectance film and a horizontal polarized light high-transmittance film, the third surface 30-1-3 is plated with a vertical polarized light high-reflectance film, and the fourth surface 30-1-4 is plated with a laser high-transmittance film. The first surface 30-1-1 and the fourth surface 30-1-4 are parallel to each other, the included angle between the first surface 30-1-1 and the second surface 30-1-2 is 40 degrees, and the second surface 30-1-2 and the third surface 30-1-3 are parallel to each other. When the polarization direction of the polarized laser beam 10 emitted by the laser 00 is along the horizontal direction and vertically enters the first polarization subassembly 30-1 after passing through the first optical rotation assembly 20-1, the horizontally polarized light passing through the first surface 30-1-1 is transmitted by the second surface 30-1-2 to form a first emitted laser 10-1, the vertically polarized light passing through the first surface 30-1-1 is reflected by the second surface 30-1-2 and the third surface 30-1-3, and a second emitted laser 10-2 having a certain included angle with the first emitted laser 10-1 is formed by passing through the fourth surface 30-1-4.
This adjustment is particularly suitable for dividing the polarized laser 10 into two compact beams of laser light (the first laser beam 10-1 and the second laser beam 10-2) in a limited space, for example, when the two laser beams (the first laser beam 10-1 and the second laser beam 10-2) are overlapped by a part of the light spots on the ground, the two laser beams are visible as one laser beam (actually two laser beams), but can be gradually divided into two laser beams at a height of 100km, and can excite the sodium atom to generate two sodium guide stars to form a constellation.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, a polarization laser beam splitting system provided in a third embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises a laser 00, a polarized laser beam 10, a first optical rotating part 20-1, a first polarization light splitting component 30-1, a second optical rotating part 20-2 and a second polarization light splitting component 30-2.
The first optical rotating member 20-1, the first polarization beam splitting assembly 30-1, the second optical rotating assembly 20-2 and the second polarization beam splitting assembly 30-2 are sequentially arranged. The first optical rotation member 20-1 is a half-wave plate, and the second optical rotation member 20-2 is a quarter-wave plateA wave plate. When the polarization direction of the polarized laser beam 10 emitted by the laser 00 is along the horizontal direction, passes through the first optical rotation assembly 20-1 and then vertically enters the first polarization light splitting assembly 30-1, the horizontal polarized light transmitted through the first surface 30-1-1 is transmitted by the second surface 30-1-2 to form a first emitted laser 10-1; the vertically polarized light passing through the first surface 30-1-1 is reflected by the second surface 30-1-2 and the third surface 30-1-3, and passes through the fourth surface 30-1-4 to form a second emergent laser 10-2 parallel to the first emergent laser 10-1. The first emergent laser 10-1 forms two laser beams 10-1-1 and 10-1-2 through the second optical rotation component 20-2 and the second polarization beam splitter component 30-2, the second emergent laser 10-2 forms two laser beams 10-2-1 and 10-2-2 through the second optical rotation component 20-2 and the second polarization beam splitter component 30-2, and the total form 2 2 Beam laser, i.e. 4 beams laser. The device is particularly suitable for dividing the polarized laser 10 into n compact beams of emergent laser in a limited space, for example, when the ground is used, the n beams of emergent laser are overlapped by partial light spots, and are visible as one beam of laser (actually n beams of emergent laser) at the naked eye, but can be gradually divided into n beams of laser at the high altitude of 100km, and can excite sodium atoms to generate n sodium guide stars to form a star group.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
Claims (8)
1. A polarized laser beam splitting device, comprising: a first optical rotation component (20-1) and a first polarization splitting component (30-1):
the first optical rotation component (20-1) is arranged in front of the first polarization light splitting component (30-1) and used for changing the vibration direction of the polarized laser;
the first polarization light splitting component (30-1) is formed by enclosing a first surface (30-1-1), a second surface (30-1-2), a third surface (30-1-3) and a fourth surface (30-1-4) which are mutually intersected, and the second surface (30-1-2) is highly reflective to vertically polarized laser and highly transmissive to horizontally polarized laser; the third face (30-1-3) is highly reflective to vertically polarized laser light, and the first face (30-1-1) and the fourth face (30-1-4) are highly transmissive to polarized laser light;
the polarized laser beam (10) enters the first polarization light splitting assembly (30-1) from the first face (30-1-1) and irradiates the second face (30-1-2), wherein the horizontal polarized laser beam is transmitted through the second face (30-1-2) to form first emergent laser (10-1), the vertical polarized laser beam is reflected to the third face (30-1-3) through the second face (30-1-2), and is highly reflected to the fourth face (30-1-4) through the third face (30-1-3) to form second emergent laser (10-2);
the first polarization light splitting assembly (30-1) comprises a plurality of first polarization light splitting assemblies (30-1), the included angle of the first surface (30-1-1), the second surface (30-1-2), the third surface (30-1-3) and the fourth surface (30-1-4) of each first polarization light splitting assembly (30-1) is different, and each first polarization light splitting assembly can be arranged on the optical axis of laser light emitted by the first optical rotation assembly (20-1) in a mutual replaceable mode;
the first surface (30-1-1) of the first polarization light splitting component is plated with a high-transmittance film for polarized laser, the second surface (30-1-2) is plated with a high-transmittance film for horizontally polarized laser and a high-reflection film for vertically polarized laser, the third surface (30-1-3) is plated with a high-reflection film for vertically polarized laser, and the fourth surface (30-1-4) is plated with a high-transmittance film for the polarized laser.
2. The polarization laser beam splitting assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first polarization beam splitting assembly (30-1) is a prism, and the first face (30-1-1), the second face (30-1-2), the third face (30-1-3) and the fourth face (30-1-4) are four end faces of the prism.
3. A polarized laser beam splitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first optically active component (20-1) is a wave plate or a faraday rotator.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first outgoing laser light (10-1) and the second outgoing laser light (10-2) of each first polarization beam splitting assembly (30-1) have different angles and/or pitches.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the optical path length of the vertically polarized laser light within the first polarization beam splitting assembly is different when the second surface (30-1-2) of each of the first polarization beam splitting assemblies (30-1) reflects the vertically polarized laser light to the fourth surface (30-1-4).
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a laser for generating the polarized laser light.
7. A polarized laser beam splitting device according to claim 6, wherein the polarized laser light (10) generated by the laser is linearly polarized laser light, circularly polarized laser light or elliptically polarized laser light.
8. A polarized laser beam splitting system comprising the polarized laser beam splitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the polarized laser beam splitting system comprises n polarized laser beam splitting devices arranged in sequence, wherein the n-th polarized laser beam splitting device is arranged on the optical axis of two outgoing laser beams of the n-1-th polarized laser beam splitting device to split the polarized laser beam into 2 parts n The beam emits laser, wherein n is more than or equal to 2.
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