CN113376713A - Wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared super lens and construction method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared super lens and a construction method thereof, wherein the wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared super lens comprises the following steps: the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction is different, and the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit with different size meets preset phase distribution, so that the diffraction confocal of the infrared super lens on infrared incident light with different wavelengths and different polarization states is realized. According to the invention, the infrared super lens is formed by selecting the nano units with proper sizes according to the preset phase distribution, so that the constructed infrared super lens can realize diffraction confocal on infrared incident light with different wavelengths and different polarization states, and has important application value in the fields of laser surgery, industrial cutting, infrared imaging and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optics, and particularly relates to a wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens and a construction method thereof.
Background
The super surface is composed of two-dimensionally arranged sub-wavelength micro-element structures, and in various planar optical devices, the super surface can be used for various devices with specific functions due to the regulation and control of characteristic components of optical waves such as amplitude, phase, polarization state, wavelength and the like.
The existing super surface can be divided into a wavelength multiplexing super surface and a polarization state multiplexing super surface in terms of function implementation, but the existing super surface is usually concentrated on a visible light waveband, wavelength multiplexing or polarization state multiplexing is realized separately, and the existing super surface without wavelength and polarization state multiplexing of an infrared waveband is available.
Therefore, the prior art is subject to further improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared super lens and a construction method thereof, which overcome the defect that the existing super surface without simultaneous multiplexing of wavelength polarization states of infrared bands is not provided.
The first embodiment disclosed by the invention is a wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens, which comprises: the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction is different, and the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit with different size meets preset phase distribution, so that the diffraction confocal of the infrared super lens on infrared incident light with different wavelengths and different polarization states is realized.
The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared super lens is characterized in that the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction is determined by a predetermined phase distribution relation graph and a pre-constructed evaluation function, the phase distribution relation graph is a mapping relation graph of the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit, and the evaluation function is a corresponding relation formula of the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit.
The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared super lens comprises a substrate layer, wherein the substrate layer comprises a plurality of substrate units, the substrate units correspond to the nano units one by one, and each nano unit is arranged in the center of the substrate unit corresponding to each nano unit.
The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared super lens is characterized in that the substrate layer is made of any one of silicon, glass, magnesium difluoride and barium difluoride, and the nano units are made of any one of silicon, germanium or titanium dioxide.
The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared super lens is characterized in that the cross section of each substrate unit is square, rectangular or hexagonal, and the length of each side of the cross section of each substrate unit is 0.5-1000 mu m; the cross section of each nano unit is rectangular, elliptical or circular, the length and width of the rectangle are 0.1-700 mu m, the length of the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse are 0.1-700 mu m, and the diameter of the circle is 0.1-700 mu m.
The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared super lens is characterized in that the ratio of the cross section size of each nano unit to the cross section size of the corresponding substrate unit is 0.2-0.7; the rotation angle of each nanometer unit on the corresponding substrate unit is 0-360 degrees.
The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared super lens is characterized in that the phase distribution formula is as follows:
wherein x and y are the position coordinates of the nano unit in the plane of the basal layer, f is the focal length, m is 1 or 2, and lambda1A first target wavelength, lambda, corresponding to infrared light of a first polarization state to be diffraction-focused2A second target wavelength corresponding to infrared light of a second polarization state to be diffraction-focused,
in order to ensure that the first target corresponding to each nanometer unit emits light phase under the irradiation of infrared light with a first polarization state and a first target wavelength,
the second target emergent light phase corresponding to each nanometer unit is irradiated by infrared light with a second polarization state and a second target wavelength.
The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens is characterized in that the evaluation function is as follows:
where Δ (x, y) is an evaluation value,
is the first actual emergent light phase corresponding to the D (x, y) size nanometer unit under the irradiation of infrared light with the first polarization state and the first target wavelength,
a second actual emergent light phase corresponding to the D (x, y) -sized nano-unit under the irradiation of the infrared light with the second polarization state and the second target wavelength.
The second embodiment disclosed by the invention is a method for constructing a wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the position coordinates of each nano unit on the plane of the substrate layer, and determining the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit according to the position coordinates of each nano unit on the plane of the substrate layer; the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit meets preset phase distribution;
determining the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction according to the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit, a predetermined phase distribution relation graph and a pre-constructed evaluation function; the phase distribution relation graph is a mapping relation graph of the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit, and the evaluation function is a corresponding relation formula of the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit;
and constructing the wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens according to the position coordinates of each nano unit on the plane of the substrate layer and the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction.
The method for constructing the wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens comprises the following steps of:
under the condition that a substrate layer material, a substrate unit shape, a substrate unit size, a nano unit position coordinate, a nano unit material, a nano unit shape and a nano unit rotation angle are fixed, irradiating the superlens of a plurality of nano units with different sizes in the orthogonal polarization state direction by infrared light with a first polarization state and a first target wavelength and infrared light with a second polarization state and a second target wavelength, and acquiring actual emergent light phases corresponding to the nano units with different sizes in the orthogonal polarization state direction;
and determining a phase distribution relation diagram according to actual emergent light phases corresponding to all the nano units with different sizes in the orthogonal polarization state direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the infrared super lens is formed by selecting the nano units with proper sizes according to the preset phase distribution, so that the constructed infrared super lens can realize diffraction confocal on infrared incident light with different wavelengths and different polarization states, and has important application value in the fields of laser surgery, industrial cutting, infrared imaging and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wavelength polarization multiplexing infrared superlens provided in a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a nano-cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a nano-cell provided by an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a phase distribution diagram under irradiation of X-ray polarized light with a wavelength of 10.6 μm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a phase distribution diagram under irradiation of Y linearly polarized light with a wavelength of 9.3 μm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a phase distribution diagram corresponding to a phase of first target outgoing light obtained when infrared light of a first polarization state to be diffracted and focused and a first target wavelength provided by an embodiment of the present invention is X-ray polarized light with a wavelength of 10.6 μm and a focal length is 135 μm;
fig. 7 is a phase distribution diagram corresponding to a phase of second target outgoing light obtained when infrared light of a second polarization state to be diffracted and focused and a second target wavelength provided by an embodiment of the present invention is Y linearly polarized light with a 9.3 μm waveband and a focal length is 135 μm;
fig. 8 is a diagram of a diffraction focusing effect obtained by a superlens provided in an embodiment of the present invention performing diffraction focusing on X-ray polarized light with a wavelength of 10.6 μm;
fig. 9 is a diagram of a diffraction focusing effect obtained by performing diffraction focusing on Y linearly polarized light with a wavelength of 9.3 μm by using the superlens according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The existing super-surface can be divided into a wavelength multiplexing super-surface and a polarization multiplexing super-surface in terms of functional implementation, for example: the design principle for realizing the achromatic subsurface device is provided by the Li Tao/Zhu Shining research group in 2017 in combination with the Caidipine research group, and achromatization is successfully realized on circularly polarized incident light within the continuous wavelength range of 1200-1680 nm; a Nanfang Yu professor team in 2018 provides a design method, and the aim of continuously providing nearly constant focal length in a wavelength range of 1200-1650 nm is achieved; the Federico Capasso professor team in 2019 provides a polarization state insensitive super lens, and the super lens can realize achromatism in almost the whole visible spectrum with the wavelength from 460nm to 700nm, and simultaneously maintain the performance of diffraction limit; the Federico Capasso professor in 2017 proposes super-surface polarization state optics, namely independent phase control of any orthogonal polarization state; the Thomas Zentgraf professor in 2020 proposes and demonstrates orbital angular momentum multiplexing of different polarization states using birefringent super-surfaces to achieve holographic encryption, etc. From the above researches, the existing super-surface mainly focuses on the visible light band, wavelength multiplexing or polarization state multiplexing is adopted, and there is no super-surface with wavelength and polarization state multiplexing in the infrared band.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a wavelength polarization state multiplexing ir superlens, which selects nano-units with appropriate size to form an ir superlens according to a preset phase distribution, so that the constructed ir superlens can realize diffraction confocal on ir incident lights with different wavelengths and different polarization states. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the superlens of the present invention includes: the size of each nano unit 2 in the orthogonal polarization state direction is different, and the phases of target emergent light corresponding to each nano unit 2 with different sizes meet preset phase distribution, so that the diffraction confocal of the infrared superlens on infrared incident light with different wavelengths and different polarization states is realized. In the specific application process, the orthogonal polarization state direction refers to the polarization state direction corresponding to the infrared incident light with different wavelengths and different polarization states which need to be subjected to diffraction confocal, since the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit 2 with different sizes meets the preset phase distribution, after selecting the nano units with proper size to form the infrared superlens according to the preset phase distribution, when the infrared light with the first target wavelength and the first polarization state and the infrared light with the second target wavelength and the second polarization state irradiate the surface of the superlens, the substrate layer 1 and each nano unit 2 on the substrate layer 1 can provide different phase control for infrared light with different wavelengths and different polarization states, so that the infrared light with a first target wavelength and a first polarization state and the infrared light with a second target wavelength and a second polarization state are diffracted and focused to the same focus. For example, when the first target wavelength and the first polarization state of infrared light are 10.6 μm of X-polarized light, and the second target wavelength and the second polarization state of infrared light are 9.3 μm of Y-polarized light, the superlens constructed according to the embodiment of the present invention can diffract and focus 10.6 μm of X-polarized light and 9.3 μm of Y-polarized light to the same focal point.
In a specific implementation manner, the size of each nano unit 2 in the orthogonal polarization state direction is determined by a predetermined phase distribution relation graph and a pre-constructed evaluation function, the phase distribution relation graph is a mapping relation graph of the size of each nano unit 2 in the orthogonal polarization state direction and an actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit 2, and the evaluation function is a corresponding relation formula of a target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit 2 and an actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit 2. In a specific application process, in order to enable target emergent light phases corresponding to the nano units 2 with different sizes to meet preset phase distribution, the target emergent light phases corresponding to the nano units can be determined according to the preset phase distribution formulas, then actual emergent light phases closest to the target emergent light phases corresponding to the nano units are selected from a phase distribution relation graph through an evaluation function, the sizes corresponding to the actual emergent light phases are used as the sizes of the nano units in the orthogonal polarization state direction, the target emergent light phases corresponding to the nano units of the infrared superlens designed by the method meet the preset phase distribution, and the fact that the nano units provide different phase modulation for infrared incident light with different wavelengths and different polarization states can be achieved.
In one embodiment, the predetermined phase distribution formula is:
wherein x and y are nano-units in the plane of the substrate layerPosition coordinates, f is focal length, m is 1 or 2, λ1A first target wavelength, lambda, corresponding to infrared light of a first polarization state to be diffraction-focused2A second target wavelength corresponding to infrared light of a second polarization state to be diffraction-focused,
in order to ensure that the first target corresponding to each nanometer unit emits light phase under the irradiation of infrared light with a first polarization state and a first target wavelength,
in order to obtain the second target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit under the irradiation of the infrared light with the second polarization state and the second target wavelength, the formula of the pre-constructed evaluation function is as follows:
where Δ (x, y) is an evaluation value,
is the first actual emergent light phase corresponding to the D (x, y) size nanometer unit under the irradiation of infrared light with the first polarization state and the first target wavelength,
a second actual emergent light phase corresponding to the D (x, y) -sized nano-unit under the irradiation of the infrared light with the second polarization state and the second target wavelength. In the specific application process, in the infrared super lens constructed according to the pre-constructed evaluation function and the pre-determined phase distribution relation diagram, the emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit 2 meets the formula:
when the first target wavelength and the first polarization state infrared light and the second target wavelength and the second polarization state infrared light irradiate the surface of the superlens, the substrate layer 1 and each nano unit 2 positioned on the substrate layer 1 can provide different phase control for the infrared light with different wavelengths and different polarization states, so that the first target wavelength and the first polarization state infrared light and the second target wavelength and the second polarization state infrared light are diffracted and focused to the same focus.
With reference to fig. 1 to 3, the substrate layer 1 is composed of a plurality of substrate units 11, the plurality of substrate units 11 correspond to the plurality of nano units 2 one to one, and each nano unit 2 is disposed at a central position of the substrate unit 11 corresponding to each nano unit 2. The ratio of the cross section size of each nano unit to the cross section size of the corresponding substrate unit is 0.2-0.7. In the application process, the substrate units 11 and the nano units 2 corresponding to the substrate units 11 provide different phase modulation for infrared incident lights with different wavelengths and different polarization states, so that the infrared incident lights with different wavelengths and different polarization states can be diffracted and focused to the same focus.
With continued reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, each of the base units 11 has a square, rectangular or hexagonal cross-sectional shape, and each side of the cross-section of each of the base units 11 has a length of 0.5 to 1000 μm, for example, each of the base units 11 has a square cross-sectional shape, and the square has a length and a width Px＝Py6.2 μm. The cross-sectional shape of each of the nano-elements 2 is an ellipse, a circle or a rectangle, the height of each of the nano-elements 2 is 0.75 to 700 [ mu ] m, when the cross-sectional shape of each of the nano-elements 2 is a rectangle, the length of each side of the cross-sectional shape of each of the nano-elements 2 is 0.1 to 700 [ mu ] m, when the cross-sectional shape of each of the nano-elements 2 is an ellipse, the length of each of the long and short axes of the cross-sectional shape of each of the nano-elements 2 is 0.1 to 700 [ mu ] m, when the cross-sectional shape of each of the nano-elements 2 is an ellipse, and when the cross-sectional shape of each of the nano-elements 2 is a circle, the length of each of the long and short axes of the cross-The diameter of the cross section of the unit 2 is 0.1 to 700 μm. For example, the cross-sectional shape of each of the nano-elements 2 is an ellipse, and the major axis D of the ellipsex4.2 μm, elliptical minor axis Dy1.8 μm, and the height H of the nano-unit 2 6.8 μm. In this embodiment, the sizes of the substrate unit 11 and the nano unit 2 are controlled to perform phase control on infrared incident light with different wavelengths and different polarization states, so that diffraction focusing of infrared light with dual wavelengths and dual polarization states can be realized.
In a specific embodiment, the heights of the nano-units 2 are the same, and the dimension D (X, Y) of the nano-units 2 specifically refers to the dimension of each nano-unit 2 in the orthogonal polarization state direction, for example, when the infrared incident light is X-linearly polarized light and Y-linearly polarized light respectively, D (X, Y) includes Dx(x, y) and Dy(x，y)，Dx(X, y) is the dimension of each of the nano-elements 2 in the direction of the X-ray polarization state, Dy(x, Y) is the size of each nano unit 2 in the direction of the Y linear polarization state, and when the cross section of each nano unit 2 is rectangular, D isx(x, y) and Dy(x, y) are respectively the length and width of the cross section of each nano unit 2, and when the cross section of each nano unit 2 is in an elliptical shape, D isx(x, y) and Dy(x, y) are respectively the major axis and the minor axis of the cross section of each of the nano-elements 2, and when the cross-sectional shape of each of the nano-elements 2 is a circle, D isx(x, y) and Dy(x, y) is the cross-sectional diameter of each of the nano-elements 2. Therefore, the predetermined phase distribution diagram in this embodiment is D of each of the nano-unitsx(x, y) and Dy(x, y) and the mapping relation diagram of the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit, wherein the mapping relation diagram comprises D under the irradiation of infrared light with a first polarization state and a first target wavelengthx(x, y) and Dy(x, y) a mapping relation graph of actual emergent light phases corresponding to the nano units and D under the irradiation of infrared light with a second polarization state and a second target wavelengthx(x, y) and Dy(x, y) and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit. For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5The phase distribution relationship chart under irradiation of X-ray polarized light with a wavelength of 10.6 μm and the phase distribution relationship chart under irradiation of Y-ray polarized light with a wavelength of 9.3 μm are shown.
In a specific embodiment, the material of the substrate layer 1 is any one of silicon, glass, magnesium difluoride and barium difluoride, the material of the plurality of nano units 2 is any one of silicon, germanium or titanium dioxide, the first polarization state and the second polarization state are respectively an X orthogonal polarization state and a Y orthogonal polarization state, or the first polarization state and the second polarization state are respectively a left orthogonal circular polarization state and a right orthogonal circular polarization state, or the first polarization state and the second polarization state are respectively a left orthogonal elliptical polarization state and a right orthogonal elliptical polarization state. For example, the infrared light with the first target wavelength and the first polarization state and the infrared light with the second target wavelength and the second polarization state to be focused in this embodiment may be X linearly polarized light with a wavelength of 10.6 μm and Y linearly polarized light with a wavelength of 9.3 μm, respectively, or left-handed orthogonal circularly polarized light with a wavelength of 10.6 μm and right-handed orthogonal circularly polarized light with a wavelength of 9.3 μm, or left-handed orthogonal elliptically polarized light with a wavelength of 10.6 μm and right-handed orthogonal elliptically polarized light with a wavelength of 9.3 μm.
Based on the wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens, the embodiment of the invention also provides a construction method of the wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring the position coordinates of each nano unit on the plane of the substrate layer, and determining the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit according to the position coordinates of each nano unit on the plane of the substrate layer; the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit meets preset phase distribution;
s2, determining the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction according to the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit, a predetermined phase distribution relation graph and a pre-constructed evaluation function; the phase distribution relation graph is a mapping relation graph of the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit, and the evaluation function is a corresponding relation formula of the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit;
s3, constructing the wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared super lens according to the position coordinates of each nano unit on the plane of the substrate layer and the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction.
Specifically, when the infrared light with different wavelengths and different polarization states needs to be diffracted and focused, in this embodiment, the position coordinates of each nano unit on the plane of the substrate layer are first obtained, and then the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit is determined according to the position coordinates of each nano unit on the plane of the substrate layer; and the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit meets the preset phase distribution. In one embodiment, the phase distribution formula is:
wherein x and y are the position coordinates of the nano unit in the plane of the basal layer, f is the focal length, m is 1 or 2, and lambda1A first target wavelength, lambda, corresponding to infrared light of a first polarization state to be diffraction-focused2A second target wavelength corresponding to infrared light of a second polarization state to be diffraction-focused,
the first target emergent light phase corresponding to each nanometer unit is irradiated by infrared incident light with a first polarization state and a first target wavelength,
the phase of the second target emergent light corresponding to each nanometer unit is irradiated by the infrared incident light with the second polarization state and the second target wavelength. FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show a first target wavelength and a first polarization state of infrared to be diffraction focusedWhen the incident light is X linear polarized light with a wave band of 10.6 mu m, the second target wavelength to be diffracted and focused and the infrared incident light with the second polarization state are Y linear polarized light with a wave band of 9.3 mu m, and the focal length is 135 mu m, phase distribution diagrams respectively corresponding to the first target emergent light phase and the second target emergent light phase are obtained.
After the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit is determined, determining the size of each nano unit according to the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit, a predetermined phase distribution relation graph and a pre-constructed evaluation function; the phase distribution relation graph is a mapping relation graph of the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit, and the evaluation function is a corresponding relation formula of the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit. Wherein the formula of the evaluation function is:
where Δ (x, y) is an evaluation value,
is a first actual emergent light phase corresponding to D (x, y) size nanometer unit under the irradiation of infrared incident light with a first polarization state and a first target wavelength,
a second actual emergent light phase corresponding to the D (x, y) -sized nano-unit under irradiation of the infrared incident light in the second polarization state and at the second target wavelength.
In general, a smaller evaluation value Δ (x, y) indicates that
And
and
and
the smaller the deviation is, the better the confocal performance of the constructed superlens is, when determining the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction, the nano units with different sizes in the phase distribution relational diagram can be corresponded to
And
substituting into the evaluation function, and selecting the one that can minimize the evaluation value
And
the refractory dimension is taken as the dimension of each of the nano-units in the orthogonal polarization state direction. And finally, constructing the wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared super lens according to the position coordinates of each nano unit on the plane of the substrate layer and the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction.
In a specific embodiment, in order to determine the phase distribution relationship diagram, in this embodiment, under the condition that the material of the base layer, the shape of the base unit, the size of the base unit, the position coordinates of the nano units, the material of the nano units, the shape of the nano units, and the rotation angle of the nano units are fixed, the superlens of a plurality of nano units with different sizes in the orthogonal polarization state direction is irradiated by the infrared light with the first polarization state and the first target wavelength and the infrared light with the second polarization state and the second target wavelength, actual outgoing light phases corresponding to the nano units with different sizes in the orthogonal polarization state direction are obtained, and the phase distribution relationship diagram is determined according to the actual outgoing light phases corresponding to the nano units with different sizes in the orthogonal polarization state direction. The phase distribution relation graph comprises a phase distribution relation graph under the irradiation of infrared light with a first polarization state and a first target wavelength and a phase distribution relation graph under the irradiation of infrared light with a second polarization state and a second target wavelength.
The construction method of the wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens provided by the embodiment of the invention provides an effective way for developing a compact optical device for an infrared band, the designed wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens can be applied to the fields of laser surgery, infrared imaging, industrial cutting, medical cosmetology and the like, for example, different laser wavelengths in laser surgery have different effects on pathological tissues, 10.6 μm laser is mainly used for soft tissue surgery (dermatology and plastic surgery, ophthalmic surgery, intravascular surgery), the laser with the wavelength of 9.3 mu m is mainly used for hard tissue surgery (orthopedics and dentistry), and the infrared lens provided by the invention can be used for performing surgery on soft and hard tissues simultaneously when being applied to a laser scalpel, so that the requirements of integration, miniaturization and portability of the existing laser surgery system are met.
In order to verify the diffraction focusing performance of the infrared superlens designed by the embodiment of the present invention, the inventor designs an infrared superlens having a diffraction focusing function for the X-linearly polarized light with a wavelength of 10.6 μm and the Y-linearly polarized light with a wavelength of 9.3 μm according to the construction method of the present invention, and irradiates the infrared superlens with the X-linearly polarized light with a wavelength of 10.6 μm and the Y-linearly polarized light with a wavelength of 9.3 μm, so as to obtain the focusing effect graphs shown in fig. 8 and 9. As can be seen from FIGS. 8 and 9, the diffraction focusing efficiencies of the infrared superlens constructed according to the present invention were 55.75% and 43.76% for the X-linearly polarized light having a wavelength of 10.6 μm and the Y-linearly polarized light having a wavelength of 9.3 μm, respectively, and the performance index full width at half maximum FWHM of the focused spot near the diffraction limit was 9.6 μm (0.91 λ)1)、7.6μm(0.82λ2)。
In summary, the present invention provides a wavelength polarization multiplexing infrared superlens and a method for constructing the same, including: the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction is different, and the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit with different size meets preset phase distribution, so that the diffraction confocal of the infrared super lens on infrared incident light with different wavelengths and different polarization states is realized. According to the invention, the nano units with proper sizes are selected according to the preset phase distribution to form the infrared super lens, and the constructed infrared super lens has a diffraction confocal function on infrared incident light with different wavelengths and different polarization states, and has important application values in the fields of laser surgery, industrial cutting, infrared imaging and the like.
It is to be understood that the system of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and that modifications and variations may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art in light of the above teachings, and all such modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens, comprising: the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction is different, and the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit with different size meets preset phase distribution, so that the diffraction confocal of the infrared super lens on infrared incident light with different wavelengths and different polarization states is realized.
2. The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens of claim 1, wherein the dimension of each nano-unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction is determined by a predetermined phase distribution relationship diagram and a pre-established evaluation function, the phase distribution relationship diagram is a mapping relationship diagram of the dimension of each nano-unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano-unit, and the evaluation function is a correspondence relationship between the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano-unit and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano-unit.
3. The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens of claim 1, wherein the substrate layer comprises a plurality of substrate units, the plurality of substrate units are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of nano units, and each nano unit is disposed at a central position of the substrate unit corresponding to each nano unit.
4. The wavelength polarization multiplexing infrared superlens of claim 1, wherein the substrate layer is made of any one of silicon, glass, magnesium difluoride and barium difluoride, and the nano-units are made of any one of silicon, germanium or titanium dioxide.
5. The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of each of the substrate units is square, rectangular or hexagonal, and the length of each side of the cross-section of each of the substrate units is 0.5 to 1000 μm; the cross section of each nano unit is rectangular, elliptical or circular, the length and width of the rectangle are 0.1-700 mu m, the length of the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse are 0.1-700 mu m, and the diameter of the circle is 0.1-700 mu m.
6. The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the cross-sectional dimension of each nano-unit to the cross-sectional dimension of its corresponding base unit is 0.2-0.7; the rotation angle of each nanometer unit on the corresponding substrate unit is 0-360 degrees.
7. The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens of claim 1, wherein the phase distribution formula is:
wherein x and y are the positions of the nano-units in the plane of the substrate layerCoordinate, f is focal length, m is 1 or 2, lambda1A first target wavelength, lambda, corresponding to infrared light of a first polarization state to be diffraction-focused2A second target wavelength corresponding to infrared light of a second polarization state to be diffraction-focused,
in order to ensure that the first target corresponding to each nanometer unit emits light phase under the irradiation of infrared light with a first polarization state and a first target wavelength,
the second target emergent light phase corresponding to each nanometer unit is irradiated by infrared light with a second polarization state and a second target wavelength.
8. The wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens of claim 2, wherein the merit function is:
where Δ (x, y) is an evaluation value,
is the first actual emergent light phase corresponding to the D (x, y) size nanometer unit under the irradiation of infrared light with the first polarization state and the first target wavelength,
a second actual emergent light phase corresponding to the D (x, y) -sized nano-unit under the irradiation of the infrared light with the second polarization state and the second target wavelength.
9. A method of constructing a wavelength polarization state multiplexed infrared superlens, comprising:
acquiring the position coordinates of each nano unit on the plane of the substrate layer, and determining the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit according to the position coordinates of each nano unit on the plane of the substrate layer; the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit meets preset phase distribution;
determining the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction according to the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit, a predetermined phase distribution relation graph and a pre-constructed evaluation function; the phase distribution relation graph is a mapping relation graph of the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit, and the evaluation function is a corresponding relation formula of the target emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit and the actual emergent light phase corresponding to each nano unit;
and constructing the wavelength polarization state multiplexing infrared superlens according to the position coordinates of each nano unit on the plane of the substrate layer and the size of each nano unit in the orthogonal polarization state direction.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the substrate layer comprises a plurality of substrate units, and the method of determining the phase distribution relationship diagram comprises:
under the condition that a substrate layer material, a substrate unit shape, a substrate unit size, a nano unit position coordinate, a nano unit material, a nano unit shape and a nano unit rotation angle are fixed, irradiating the superlens of a plurality of nano units with different sizes in the orthogonal polarization state direction by infrared light with a first polarization state and a first target wavelength and infrared light with a second polarization state and a second target wavelength, and acquiring actual emergent light phases corresponding to the nano units with different sizes in the orthogonal polarization state direction;
and determining a phase distribution relation diagram according to actual emergent light phases corresponding to all the nano units with different sizes in the orthogonal polarization state direction.
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