CN113373457B - Control method and device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents

Control method and device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis and computer readable storage medium Download PDF

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CN113373457B
CN113373457B CN202110656486.4A CN202110656486A CN113373457B CN 113373457 B CN113373457 B CN 113373457B CN 202110656486 A CN202110656486 A CN 202110656486A CN 113373457 B CN113373457 B CN 113373457B
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power
electrolytic cell
charge
state
parameter
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CN113373457A (en
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杨富荃
梅春晓
孙鹤旭
董砚
井延伟
刘斌
雷兆明
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Hebei Jiantou New Energy Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

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  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a control method, a control device and a computer readable storage medium for hydrogen production by water electrolysis. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the predicted power of the electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery in real time; adjusting the operating power of the electrolytic cell according to the predicted power, the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery; controlling the operation of the electrolytic cell according to the operation power of the electrolytic cell. The running power of the electrolytic cell can be adjusted in advance in the scheme, so that instantaneous power fluctuation can be well absorbed when the peak value of the generated power arrives, the heat loss of the electrolytic cell can be reduced when the generated power is underestimated, the running power of the electrolytic cell can be adjusted quickly and efficiently, the electrolytic cell can respond quickly, the problem that the electrolytic cell cannot respond quickly due to the fact that the power of the electrolytic cell is adjusted slowly in the prior art is solved, the hydrogen production efficiency of electrolyzed water is improved, and the energy consumption of the electrolytic cell is reduced.

Description

Control method and device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis and computer readable storage medium
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolysis, in particular to a control method and device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, a computer readable storage medium, a processor and a hydrogen production system by water electrolysis.
Background
At present, in a method for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, when traditional wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation are combined with an alkaline water electrolytic tank to operate, the generated power has volatility, randomness and instantaneity, so that the input power of the electrolytic tank fluctuates greatly, the fluctuation type power input is simple to distribute, when the fluctuation type input power is not more than the electrolytic power, the fluctuation type input power is directly distributed into the electrolytic power by adopting a power regulating switch, when the fluctuation type input power is more than the electrolytic power, the fluctuation type input power is distributed into the electrolytic power and heat storage power by adopting the power regulating switch, the electrolytic power provides electric energy for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, the heat storage power is converted into heat energy to provide temperature for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, or the input power of the electrolytic tank is changed by adjusting the number of connected electrolytic tanks or the number of small chambers, so that the power fluctuation can be adapted well, but the methods can not predict future power fluctuation and can not actively store heat before the input power fluctuation, and only distribute the power when the fluctuation of the input power comes, so that the regulation speed is slow, and when the temperature change of the electrolytic tank is slow, the fluctuation of the power can not be quickly responded.
In the prior art, a wind power hydrogen production device comprises a heating and heat storage unit, wherein the heating and heat storage unit comprises a heating unit and a heat storage unit, the heating unit is a heating module of an electrolytic cell hydrogen production unit, the heat storage unit is a boiler water heating system, or/and the heat storage unit is a solid molten salt heat storage system, and the actual working temperature of an electrolytic cell is not adjusted in the device, so that the response characteristic of the system is slow, and the system cannot make quick response.
Therefore, a method is needed to solve the problem of the prior art that the power adjustment of the electrolytic cell is slow, which results in the failure of quick response.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the technology described herein and, therefore, it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly aims to provide a control method and device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, a computer readable storage medium, a processor and a hydrogen production system by water electrolysis, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, quick response cannot be realized due to slow power adjustment of an electrolytic cell.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a control method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, including: acquiring the predicted power of an electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of a storage battery in real time; adjusting the operating power of the electrolytic cell according to the predicted power, the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery; controlling the operation of the electrolytic cell according to the operation power of the electrolytic cell.
Optionally, obtaining the predicted power of the electrolytic cell in real time comprises: acquiring the operation parameters of the electrolytic cell in real time, and determining an I-U characteristic curve of the electrolytic cell according to the operation parameters; constructing a mathematical model of the electrolytic cell according to the I-U characteristic curve of the electrolytic cell; acquiring wind and light power prediction data of the electrolytic cell in real time; determining whether the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance according to the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data and the state of charge of the storage battery; and determining the preset power regulation range of the electrolytic cell according to the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data and the state of charge of the storage battery.
Optionally, the mathematical model is a relational expression of a first parameter, a second parameter, a third parameter, a fourth parameter, a fifth parameter and a sixth parameter, the first parameter is the number of cells connected in series in the electrolytic cell, the second parameter is the free energy of the electrolytic cell in the chemical reaction, the third parameter is the electron transfer number of the electrolytic cell, the fourth parameter is the faraday constant of the electrolytic cell, the fifth parameter is the plate area of the electrolytic cell, the sixth parameter is the electrode overvoltage coefficient of the electrolytic cell, and the wind and light power prediction data at least includes: in a first predetermined time period and with a time resolution at a predetermined time resolution, predicting power of a wind turbine, and in the first predetermined time period and with a time resolution at the predetermined time resolution, predicting power of a photovoltaic, the state of charge of the storage battery at least includes: determining whether it is necessary to increase the temperature of the electrolytic cell in advance based on the mathematical model, the wind-light power prediction data, and the state of charge of the battery, including: determining the type of the electrolytic cell according to the first parameter, the second parameter, the third parameter, the fourth parameter, the fifth parameter and the sixth parameter; determining that the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance under the condition that a first preset condition is met, and controlling the electrolytic cell to increase the operating temperature, wherein the first preset condition comprises the following steps: the type of the electrolytic cell is determined, the predicted power and the duration of the first preset value or more are greater than a second preset time period, and the state of charge of the storage battery is the first state of charge; determining that it is not necessary to increase the temperature of the electrolytic cell in advance and controlling the electrolytic cell to decrease the operating temperature in the case where a second predetermined condition is satisfied, wherein the second predetermined condition includes: the type of the electrolytic cell is determined, the predicted power and the duration less than or equal to a second preset value are greater than a second preset time period, and the state of charge of the storage battery is the second state of charge.
Optionally, adjusting the operating power of the electrolytic cell based on the predicted power, the actual power, and the state of charge of the battery comprises: comparing the magnitude relation of the predicted power and the actual power; and adjusting the running power according to the size relation and the state of charge.
Optionally, adjusting the operating power according to the magnitude relationship and the state of charge includes: adjusting the operating power when the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge, the first state of charge being the state of charge of the battery that is greater than 50% and less than 100%; and under the condition that the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery is a second state of charge, adjusting the operating power to the actual power, wherein the second state of charge is the state of charge of the storage battery, and the state of charge is less than or equal to 30%.
Optionally, in a case that the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge, adjusting the operating power comprises: acquiring a preset power regulation range in real time, and determining whether the predicted power is in the preset power regulation range; adjusting the operating power to a predetermined power in the case that the predicted power is greater than a maximum power value of the predetermined power adjustment range of the electrolytic cell, the predetermined power being the maximum power value; adjusting the operating power to the predicted power if the predicted power is within the predetermined power regulation range of the electrolyzer.
Optionally, after adjusting the operating power in a case where the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge, the method further includes: acquiring the temperature of water in the electrolytic cell in real time; adjusting the operating power to the actual power in case the temperature is equal to a predetermined water temperature.
Optionally, adjusting the operating power according to the magnitude relationship and the state of charge includes: adjusting the operating power to the actual power when the predicted power is less than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge; reducing the operating power when the predicted power is less than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a second state of charge.
Optionally, after adjusting the operating power according to the magnitude relationship and the state of charge, the method further comprises: storing residual electric energy, wherein the electric energy corresponding to the difference value of the operating power and the actual power is the residual electric energy; storing the surplus electrical energy includes: transmitting a first part of residual electric energy into the storage battery, wherein the first part of residual electric energy is part of the residual electric energy; transmitting a second part of residual electric energy to an auxiliary electric heating module when the state of charge of the storage battery is a third state of charge, wherein the third state of charge is a state of charge of the storage battery equal to 100%, the sum of the first part of residual electric energy and the second part of residual electric energy is the residual electric energy, and the second part of residual electric energy is smaller than or equal to the first part of residual electric energy.
According to another aspect of the embodiment of the invention, a control device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis is further provided, which comprises a first obtaining unit, a first adjusting unit and a control unit, wherein the first obtaining unit is used for obtaining the predicted power of the electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the state of charge of the storage battery in real time; the first adjusting unit is used for adjusting the running power of the electrolytic cell according to the predicted power, the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery; the control unit is used for controlling the operation of the electrolytic cell according to the operation power of the electrolytic cell.
According to still another aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein the program executes any one of the methods.
According to still another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is further provided a processor, configured to execute the program, where the program executes to perform any one of the methods.
According to another aspect of the embodiment of the invention, a system for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water is also provided, which comprises a new energy power generation module, a controllable power supply module, an electrolytic bath, a storage battery, an auxiliary electric heating module, an alkali liquor circulating pump, an alkali liquor radiator and a controller, wherein the new energy power generation module is used for providing electric energy for the system; the controllable power supply module is electrically connected with the new energy power generation module and is used for controlling electric energy conversion; the electrolytic cell is electrically connected with the controllable power supply module and is used for producing hydrogen; the storage battery is electrically connected with the controllable power supply module and is used for storing a first part of residual electric energy; the auxiliary electric heating module is electrically connected with the electrolytic bath and the controllable power supply module respectively, and is used for storing a second part of residual electric energy; the alkali liquor circulating pump is in communication connection with the electrolytic cell and is used for controlling water in the electrolytic cell to circularly flow; the alkali liquor radiator is in communication connection with the alkali liquor circulating pump and the auxiliary electric heating module respectively, and is used for controlling the system to radiate; the controller is in communication connection with the controllable power supply module and the electrolytic cell respectively, and comprises a control device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, and the control device is used for executing any one of the methods.
In the embodiment of the invention, firstly, the predicted power of the electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery are obtained, then, the operation power of the electrolytic cell can be quickly adjusted according to the predicted power, the actual power and the charge state of the storage battery, and finally, the operation of the electrolytic cell can be controlled according to the operation power of the electrolytic cell. According to the method, the obtained predicted power of the electrolytic cell can predict the future power fluctuation of the electrolytic cell, and then the operation power of the electrolytic cell can be quickly adjusted according to the predicted power, the current actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and the description of the exemplary embodiments and illustrations of the application are intended to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of a control method for hydrogen production from electrolysis of water according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a control device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic flow diagram of another control method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis according to an embodiment of the application.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
11. a new energy power generation module; 12. a controllable power supply module; 13. an electrolytic cell; 14. a storage battery; 15. an auxiliary electric heating module; 16. an alkali liquor circulating pump; 17. an alkali liquor radiator; 18. and a controller.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the accompanying drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Also, in the specification and claims, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element or "connected" to the other element through a third element.
As mentioned in the background of the invention, in order to solve the above problem, in the prior art, which cannot respond quickly due to the slow power adjustment of the electrolytic cell, in an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a control method, an apparatus, a computer-readable storage medium, a processor and a system for hydrogen production by electrolytic water are provided.
According to an embodiment of the application, a control method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis is provided.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a control method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
step S101, acquiring the predicted power of an electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the state of charge of a storage battery in real time;
step S102, adjusting the running power of the electrolytic cell according to the predicted power, the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery;
step S103, controlling the operation of the electrolytic cell according to the operation power of the electrolytic cell.
In the method, the predicted power of the electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery are firstly obtained, then the operation power of the electrolytic cell can be quickly adjusted according to the predicted power, the actual power and the charge state of the storage battery, and finally the operation of the electrolytic cell can be controlled according to the operation power of the electrolytic cell. According to the method, the obtained predicted power of the electrolytic cell can predict the future power fluctuation of the electrolytic cell, and then the operation power of the electrolytic cell can be quickly adjusted according to the predicted power, the current actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of a storage battery.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
In one embodiment of the present application, obtaining the predicted power of the electrolytic cell in real time comprises: acquiring the operation parameters of the electrolytic cell in real time, and determining an I-U characteristic curve of the electrolytic cell according to the operation parameters; constructing a mathematical model of the electrolytic cell according to the I-U characteristic curve of the electrolytic cell; acquiring wind and light power prediction data of the electrolytic cell in real time; determining whether the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance according to the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data and the state of charge of the storage battery; and determining the preset power adjusting range of the electrolytic cell according to the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data and the state of charge of the storage battery. In the embodiment, whether the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance is determined according to the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data and the charge state of the storage battery, the operation power of the electrolytic cell can be further ensured to be adjusted in advance before the peak value or the valley of the generated power comes, and the preset power adjusting range is further determined in the scheme, so that the electrolytic cell does not exceed the preset power adjusting range of the electrolytic cell in the operation power adjusting process, alarm interlocking is avoided, and the safety of the electrolytic cell in the operation power adjusting process is ensured.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, the mathematical model is a relational expression of a first parameter, a second parameter, a third parameter, a fourth parameter, a fifth parameter and a sixth parameter, the first parameter is a number of cells connected in series in the electrolytic cell, the second parameter is a free energy of the electrolytic cell in a chemical reaction, the third parameter is a number of electron transfer in the electrolytic cell, the fourth parameter is a faraday constant of the electrolytic cell, the fifth parameter is an area of a plate of the electrolytic cell, the sixth parameter is an electrode overvoltage coefficient of the electrolytic cell, and the wind/solar power prediction data includes at least: in a first predetermined time period and with a time resolution at a predetermined time resolution, and in the first predetermined time period and with a time resolution at the predetermined time resolution, the predicted photovoltaic power, the state of charge of the storage battery at least includes: a first state of charge and a second state of charge, the first state of charge being the state of charge of the battery greater than 50% and less than 100%, the second state of charge being the state of charge of the battery less than or equal to 30%, the determination of whether an early increase in the temperature of the electrolytic cell is required based on the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data, and the state of charge of the battery comprising: determining the type of the electrolytic cell according to the first parameter, the second parameter, the third parameter, the fourth parameter, the fifth parameter and the sixth parameter; determining that the temperature of the electrolytic tank needs to be increased in advance and controlling the electrolytic tank to increase the operating temperature under the condition that a first preset condition is met, wherein the first preset condition comprises the following steps: the type of the electrolytic cell is determined, the predicted power and the duration of the first preset value or more are greater than a second preset time period, and the state of charge of the storage battery is the first state of charge; determining that it is not necessary to increase the temperature of the electrolytic cell in advance and controlling the electrolytic cell to decrease the operating temperature in the case where a second predetermined condition is satisfied, wherein the second predetermined condition includes: the type of the electrolytic cell is determined, the predicted power and the duration of the second predetermined value or less are greater than the second predetermined period, and the state of charge of the storage battery is the second state of charge. In this embodiment, it is further possible to accurately determine whether the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance, and further to ensure that the operating power of the electrolytic cell can be adjusted in advance before the peak or underestimation of the generated power comes.
It should be noted that the first predetermined time period may be 4 hours or 2 hours, and certainly, the first predetermined time period is not limited to these two times, and a person skilled in the art may select a suitable first predetermined time period according to actual situations.
It should be noted that the second predetermined time period may be 5 hours or may also be 1 hour, and of course, the second predetermined time period is not limited to these two, and those skilled in the art may select a suitable second predetermined time period according to actual situations.
It should be noted that the predetermined time resolution may be 15 minutes, 30 minutes, or 1 hour, but, of course, the present invention is not limited to these, and those skilled in the art can select an appropriate predetermined time resolution as needed.
In a specific example, the I-U characteristic of the mathematical model of the cell can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003113048860000071
wherein v is e Represents the total input voltage of the cell, I el Representing a direct current, N s Indicates the number of cells connected in series in the electrolytic cell, deltaG indicates Gibbs free energy in electrochemical reaction, Z denotes the electron transfer number, F denotes the Faraday constant, r1 and r is the ohmic resistance parameter of the electrolytic cell, Tel is the water temperature of the electrolytic bath, Acell indicating electrolytic cellArea of the pole plate, s 1 、s 2 、s 3 、 t1 、 t2 And t3 and (4) expressing the overvoltage coefficient of the electrode, and solving curve fitting by using a least square method by combining the parameters to obtain a mathematical model of the electrolytic cell.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting the operation power of the electrolytic cell according to the predicted power, the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery includes: comparing the magnitude relation between the predicted power and the actual power; and adjusting the running power according to the size relation and the state of charge. In the embodiment, the operation power can be further efficiently and quickly adjusted according to the magnitude relation and the charge state of the predicted power and the actual power, and the quick response of the electrolytic cell is further ensured.
In another embodiment of the application, adjusting the operating power according to the magnitude relationship and the state of charge includes: adjusting the operating power when the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge, the first state of charge being the state of charge of the battery greater than 50% and less than 100%; when the predicted power is larger than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a second state of charge, the operating power is adjusted to the actual power, and the second state of charge is the state of charge of the battery of 30% or less. In the embodiment, when the predicted power is larger than the actual power of the current electrolytic cell and the state of charge of the storage battery is the first state of charge, the power of the electrolytic cell is adjusted, so that the situation that when the predicted generation power peak comes, the electrolytic cell can quickly adjust the power without going through a slow power-up operation stage can be further ensured, when the predicted power is larger than the actual power of the current electrolytic cell and the state of charge of the storage battery is the second state of charge, the electrolytic cell keeps the original power operation, and when the predicted generation power peak comes, the electrolytic cell still operates in the original power-up state.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, when the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge, the adjusting the operating power includes: acquiring a preset power regulation range in real time, and determining whether the predicted power is in the preset power regulation range; adjusting the operating power to a predetermined power when the predicted power is greater than a maximum power value of the predetermined power adjustment range of the electrolytic cell, the predetermined power being the maximum power value; and adjusting the operating power to the predicted power when the predicted power is within the predetermined power adjustment range of the electrolytic cell. In the embodiment, in the process of adjusting the power of the electrolytic cell, when the predicted power is larger than the maximum power value, the operating power is adjusted to the maximum power value, and when the predicted power of the electrolytic cell is in the preset power adjusting range, the operating power is directly adjusted to the predicted power.
In another embodiment of the present application, after the adjusting the operating power when the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge, the method further includes: acquiring the temperature of the water in the electrolytic cell in real time; and adjusting the operation power to the actual power when the temperature is equal to a predetermined water temperature. In the embodiment, when the temperature of the water in the electrolytic cell is equal to the preset water temperature, the operation power of the electrolytic cell is adjusted to the original actual power, and the electrolytic cell continues to operate, so that the situation of high-temperature damage in the power adjustment process of the electrolytic cell can be avoided, and the safety of the electrolytic cell is further ensured.
In another embodiment of the present application, adjusting the operating power according to the magnitude relationship and the state of charge includes: adjusting the operating power to the actual power when the predicted power is smaller than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge; and reducing the operating power when the predicted power is smaller than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a second state of charge. In the embodiment, when the predicted power is smaller than the actual power of the current electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery is the first charge state, the electrolytic cell keeps the original power running, when the generated power is reduced, the electrolytic cell still runs in the original power reduction state, and when the predicted power is smaller than the actual power of the current electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery is the second charge state, the running power of the electrolytic cell is reduced, so that the loss of the electrolytic cell can be reduced, and the problem that the dynamic characteristic of the electrolytic cell is poor due to the fact that the power is excessively increased is solved.
In another embodiment of the present application, after adjusting the operating power according to the magnitude relationship and the state of charge, the method further includes: storing residual electric energy, wherein the electric energy corresponding to the difference value of the running power and the actual power is the residual electric energy; storing the remaining electrical energy includes: transmitting a first part of residual electric energy into the storage battery, wherein the first part of residual electric energy is part of the residual electric energy; transmitting a second portion of remaining electrical energy to an auxiliary electrical heating module if the state of charge of the battery is a third state of charge, the third state of charge being a state of charge of the battery equal to 100%, the sum of the first portion of remaining electrical energy and the second portion of remaining electrical energy being the remaining electrical energy, the second portion of remaining electrical energy being less than or equal to the first portion of remaining electrical energy. In the embodiment, the surplus electric energy is stored, and when the next power generation cycle comes, the surplus electric energy in the storage battery or the auxiliary electric heating module can predict the electrolytic cell in advance, so that the power-rise speed of the electrolytic cell is further improved.
In a specific embodiment, when the electrolytic cell is operated for the first time, a complete debugging process needs to be performed, and the specific process can be as follows: controlling the temperature of water heated by the auxiliary electrolytic tank module, controlling the temperature of the water at 15 ℃, keeping the water temperature constant, enabling the power supply of the electrolytic tank to work in a constant current mode, continuously adjusting the current from 0A to the maximum current, recording corresponding voltage data, then adjusting the water temperature to 25 ℃, repeatedly and continuously adjusting the current from 0A to the maximum current, and recording corresponding voltage data, thereby adjusting the temperature of the water to 35 ℃, 45 ℃, 55 ℃, 65 ℃ and the standard operating temperature of the electrolytic tank.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a control device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and it should be noted that the control device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis of the embodiment of the present application can be used for executing the control method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis provided by the embodiment of the present application. The control device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water provided by the embodiment of the application is introduced below.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the apparatus includes:
a first obtaining unit 10, configured to obtain, in real time, a predicted power of an electrolytic cell, an actual power of the electrolytic cell, and a state of charge of a storage battery;
a first adjusting unit 20 for adjusting the operation power of the electrolytic cell based on the predicted power, the actual power, and the state of charge of the battery;
a control unit 30 for controlling the operation of the electrolytic cell according to the operation power of the electrolytic cell.
In the device, the first acquisition unit acquires the predicted power of the electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery, the first adjustment unit can rapidly adjust the operating power of the electrolytic cell according to the predicted power, the actual power and the charge state of the storage battery, and the control unit can control the operation of the electrolytic cell according to the operating power of the electrolytic cell. In the device, the obtained predicted power of the electrolytic cell can predict the future power fluctuation of the electrolytic cell, and further according to the predicted power, the current actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery, the operating power of the electrolytic cell can be rapidly adjusted.
In an embodiment of the application, the first obtaining unit includes a first obtaining module, a constructing module, a second obtaining module, a first determining module and a second determining module, the first obtaining module is configured to obtain an operation parameter of the electrolytic cell in real time, and determine an I-U characteristic curve of the electrolytic cell according to the operation parameter; the construction module is used for constructing a mathematical model of the electrolytic cell according to the I-U characteristic curve of the electrolytic cell; the second acquisition module is used for acquiring wind and light power prediction data of the electrolytic cell in real time; the first determination module is used for determining whether the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance according to the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data and the state of charge of the storage battery; the second determining module is used for determining the preset power adjusting range of the electrolytic cell according to the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data and the charge state of the storage battery. In the embodiment, whether the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance is determined according to the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data and the charge state of the storage battery, so that the operating power of the electrolytic cell can be further adjusted in advance before the peak value or the valley of the generated power comes, and the preset power adjusting range is further determined in the scheme, so that the preset power adjusting range of the electrolytic cell is not exceeded in the process of adjusting the operating power of the electrolytic cell, alarm interlocking is avoided, and the safety of the electrolytic cell in the process of adjusting the operating power is ensured.
In still another embodiment of the present application, the mathematical model is a relational expression of a first parameter, a second parameter, a third parameter, a fourth parameter, a fifth parameter, and a sixth parameter, the first parameter is a number of cells in series of the electrolytic cell, the second parameter is a free energy of the electrolytic cell in a chemical reaction, the third parameter is a number of electron transfer of the electrolytic cell, the fourth parameter is a faraday constant of the electrolytic cell, the fifth parameter is an electrode plate area of the electrolytic cell, the sixth parameter is an electrode overvoltage coefficient of the electrolytic cell, and the wind/solar power prediction data includes at least: in a first predetermined time period and with a time resolution at a predetermined time resolution, and in the first predetermined time period and with a time resolution at the predetermined time resolution, the predicted photovoltaic power, the state of charge of the storage battery at least includes: a first state of charge and a second state of charge, the first state of charge being the state of charge of the battery greater than 50% and less than 100%, the second state of charge being the state of charge of the battery less than or equal to 30%, the first determining module comprising a first determining submodule, a second determining submodule, and a third determining submodule, the first determining submodule being configured to determine the type of the electrolytic cell according to the first parameter, the second parameter, the third parameter, the fourth parameter, the fifth parameter, and the sixth parameter; the second determining submodule is used for determining that the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance and controlling the electrolytic cell to increase the operating temperature under the condition that a first preset condition is met, wherein the first preset condition comprises the following steps: the type of the electrolytic cell is determined, the predicted power and the duration of the first preset value are greater than a second preset time period, and the state of charge of the storage battery is the first state of charge; the third determining submodule is used for determining that the temperature of the electrolytic cell does not need to be increased in advance and controlling the electrolytic cell to reduce the operating temperature under the condition that a second preset condition is met, wherein the second preset condition comprises the following steps: the type of the electrolytic cell is determined, the predicted power and the duration of the second predetermined value or less are greater than the second predetermined period, and the state of charge of the storage battery is the second state of charge. In this embodiment, it is further possible to accurately determine whether it is necessary to increase the temperature of the electrolytic cell in advance, and further to ensure that the operating power of the electrolytic cell can be adjusted in advance before the peak or underestimation of the generated power comes.
It should be noted that the first predetermined time period may be 4 hours or 2 hours, and certainly, the first predetermined time period is not limited to these two times, and a person skilled in the art may select a suitable first predetermined time period according to actual situations.
It should be noted that the second predetermined time period may be 5 hours or may also be 1 hour, and of course, the second predetermined time period is not limited to these two, and those skilled in the art may select a suitable second predetermined time period according to actual situations.
It should be noted that the predetermined time resolution may be 15 minutes, 30 minutes, or 1 hour, and certainly, the predetermined time resolution is not limited to these, and a person skilled in the art may select a suitable predetermined time resolution as needed.
In a particular embodiment, the I-U characteristic of the mathematical model of the cell can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003113048860000101
wherein v is e Denotes the total input voltage of the cell, I el Representing a direct current, N s Denotes the number of cells connected in series in the electrolytic cell,. DELTA.G denotes Gibbs free energy in the electrochemical reaction, Z denotes the electron transfer number, F denotes the Faraday constant, r 1 And r is the ohmic resistance parameter of the cell, T el The water temperature of the electrolytic cell, A cell Denotes the area of the plate of the cell, s 1 、s 2 、s 3 、t 1 、t 2 And t 3 Expressing electrode overvoltage coefficient, using minimum two in combination with the above parametersAnd (5) multiplying and solving curve fitting to obtain a mathematical model of the electrolytic cell.
In another embodiment of the present application, the first adjusting unit includes a comparing module and an adjusting module, the comparing module is configured to compare a magnitude relationship between the predicted power and the actual power; the adjusting module is used for adjusting the running power according to the size relation and the charge state. In the embodiment, the operation power can be further efficiently and quickly adjusted according to the magnitude relation and the charge state of the predicted power and the actual power, and the quick response of the electrolytic cell is further ensured.
In another embodiment of the application, the adjusting module includes a first adjusting submodule and a second adjusting submodule, the first adjusting submodule is configured to adjust the operating power when the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge, where the first state of charge is the state of charge of the battery greater than 50% and less than 100%; the second adjustment submodule is configured to adjust the operating power to the actual power when the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a second state of charge, which is the state of charge of the battery of 30% or less. In the embodiment, when the predicted power is larger than the actual power of the current electrolytic cell and the state of charge of the storage battery is the first state of charge, the power of the electrolytic cell is adjusted, so that the situation that when the predicted power generation peak comes, the electrolytic cell can adjust the power rapidly without going through a slow power-up operation stage can be further ensured, when the predicted power is larger than the actual power of the current electrolytic cell and the state of charge of the storage battery is the second state of charge, the electrolytic cell keeps the original power operation, and when the predicted power generation peak comes, the electrolytic cell still operates in the original power-up state.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, the first adjusting submodule includes a fourth determining submodule, where the fourth determining submodule is configured to obtain a predetermined power adjustment range in real time, and determine whether the predicted power is within the predetermined power adjustment range; the first adjusting submodule is also used for adjusting the running power to a preset power under the condition that the predicted power is larger than the maximum power value of the preset power adjusting range of the electrolytic cell, and the preset power is the maximum power value; the first adjusting submodule is further configured to adjust the operating power to the predicted power if the predicted power is within the predetermined power adjustment range of the electrolytic cell. In the embodiment, in the process of adjusting the power of the electrolytic cell, when the predicted power is larger than the maximum power value, the operating power is adjusted to the maximum power value, and when the predicted power of the electrolytic cell is in the preset power adjusting range, the operating power is directly adjusted to the predicted power.
In yet another embodiment of the present application, the apparatus further includes a second obtaining unit and a second adjusting unit, the second obtaining unit is configured to obtain the temperature of the water in the electrolytic cell in real time after adjusting the operating power when the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery is a first state of charge; the second adjusting unit is used for adjusting the running power to the actual power under the condition that the temperature is equal to the preset water temperature. In the embodiment, when the temperature of the water in the electrolytic cell is equal to the preset water temperature, the operation power of the electrolytic cell is adjusted to the original actual power, and the electrolytic cell continues to operate, so that the situation of high-temperature damage can be avoided in the power adjustment process of the electrolytic cell, and the safety of the electrolytic cell is further ensured.
In yet another embodiment of the present application, the adjusting module includes a third adjusting submodule and a reducing submodule, and the third adjusting submodule is configured to adjust the operating power to the actual power if the predicted power is smaller than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge; the reduction submodule is configured to reduce the operating power when the predicted power is less than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a second state of charge. In the embodiment, when the predicted power is smaller than the actual power of the current electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery is the first charge state, the electrolytic cell keeps the original power running, when the generated power is reduced, the electrolytic cell still runs in the original power reduction state, and when the predicted power is smaller than the actual power of the current electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery is the second charge state, the running power of the electrolytic cell is reduced, so that the loss of the electrolytic cell can be reduced, and the problem that the dynamic characteristic of the electrolytic cell is poor due to the fact that the power is excessively increased is solved.
In another embodiment of the present application, the apparatus further includes a storage unit, where the storage unit is configured to store a remaining electric energy after adjusting the operating power according to the magnitude relationship and the state of charge, and an electric energy corresponding to a difference between the operating power and the actual power is the remaining electric energy; the storage unit comprises a first transmission module and a second transmission module, wherein the first transmission module is used for transmitting a first part of residual electric energy into the storage battery, and the first part of residual electric energy is part of the residual electric energy; the second transmission module is configured to transmit a second part of remaining electric energy to the auxiliary electric heating module when the state of charge of the storage battery is a third state of charge, where the third state of charge is a state of charge in which the state of charge of the storage battery is equal to 100%, a sum of the first part of remaining electric energy and the second part of remaining electric energy is the remaining electric energy, and the second part of remaining electric energy is less than or equal to the first part of remaining electric energy. In the embodiment, the surplus electric energy is stored, and when the next power generation cycle comes, the surplus electric energy in the storage battery or the auxiliary electric heating module can predict the electrolytic cell in advance, so that the power-rise speed of the electrolytic cell is further improved.
In a specific embodiment, when the electrolytic cell is operated for the first time, a complete debugging process needs to be performed, and the specific process can be as follows: controlling the temperature of water heated by the auxiliary electrolytic tank module, controlling the temperature of the water at 15 ℃, keeping the water temperature constant, enabling the power supply of the electrolytic tank to work in a constant current mode, continuously adjusting the current from 0A to the maximum current, recording corresponding voltage data, then adjusting the water temperature to 25 ℃, repeatedly and continuously adjusting the current from 0A to the maximum current, and recording corresponding voltage data, thereby adjusting the temperature of the water to 35 ℃, 45 ℃, 55 ℃, 65 ℃ and the standard operation temperature of the electrolytic tank.
The control device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the first acquisition unit, the first adjustment unit, the control unit and the like are stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the program units stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions.
The processor comprises a kernel, and the kernel calls the corresponding program unit from the memory. One or more than one inner core can be arranged, and the power of the electrolytic cell can be quickly adjusted by adjusting the parameters of the inner core.
The memory may include volatile memory in a computer readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), and the memory includes at least one memory chip.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned control method for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water.
The embodiment of the invention provides a processor, which is used for running a program, wherein the program is used for executing the control method for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water during running.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, as shown in fig. 3, the system includes: the new energy power generation module 11, the new energy power generation module 11 is used for providing electric energy for the system; a controllable power supply module 12, where the controllable power supply module 12 is electrically connected to the new energy power generation module 11, and the controllable power supply module 12 is configured to control electric energy conversion; an electrolytic cell 13, wherein the electrolytic cell 13 is electrically connected to the controllable power supply module 12, and the electrolytic cell 13 is used for producing hydrogen; a storage battery 14 electrically connected to the controllable power supply module 12 for storing a first part of the remaining electric energy; an auxiliary electric heating module 15 electrically connected to the electrolytic tank 13 and the controllable power supply module 12, respectively, wherein the auxiliary electric heating module 15 is configured to store a second part of the remaining electric energy; an alkali liquor circulating pump 16, which is connected with the electrolytic tank 13 in a communication way, wherein the alkali liquor circulating pump 16 is used for controlling the water in the electrolytic tank 13 to flow circularly; an alkali liquor radiator 17, which is in communication connection with the alkali liquor circulating pump 16 and the auxiliary electric heating module 15, respectively, wherein the alkali liquor radiator 17 is used for controlling the system to radiate heat; a controller 18 in communication with each of the controllable power module 12 and the electrolyzer 13, the controller 18 comprising a control device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, the control device being adapted to perform any of the above-described methods.
The system comprises a new energy power generation module, a controllable power module, an electrolytic tank, a storage battery, an auxiliary electric heating module, an alkali liquor circulating pump, an alkali liquor radiator and a controller, wherein the controllable power module is electrically connected with the new energy power generation module, the electrolytic tank is electrically connected with the controllable power module, the storage battery is electrically connected with the controllable power module, the auxiliary electric heating module is electrically connected with the electrolytic tank and the controllable power module respectively, the alkali liquor circulating pump is in communication connection with the electrolytic tank, the alkali liquor radiator is in communication connection with the alkali liquor circulating pump and the auxiliary electric heating module respectively, the controller comprises a control device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, and the control device is used for executing any control method for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water. In the system, the obtained predicted power of the electrolytic cell can predict the future power fluctuation of the electrolytic cell, and then the operation power of the electrolytic cell can be rapidly adjusted according to the predicted power, the current actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of a storage battery.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions and technical effects of the present application will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Examples
As shown in FIG. 4, first, it is judged whether the electrolytic cell is initially operated;
under the condition that the electrolytic cell is operated for the first time, self-setting of electrolytic cell parameters is carried out, nonlinear curve fitting electrolytic cell parameters are set, the rate of power per liter adjustment is set, and then the debugging process is finished;
judging the predicted power and the actual power of the current electrolytic tank under the condition that the electrolytic tank does not operate for the first time;
judging the state of charge of the storage battery under the condition that the predicted power is greater than the actual power;
under the condition that the state of charge of the storage battery is a first state of charge, judging whether the state of charge exceeds a preset power regulation range, under the condition that the state of charge exceeds the preset power regulation range, regulating the running power to be a maximum power value, and under the condition that the state of charge does not exceed the preset power regulation range, regulating the running power to be predicted power; judging whether the water temperature reaches a preset water temperature, ending the preheating process of the electrolytic cell under the condition of reaching the preset water temperature, recovering to the actual power operation, and continuously increasing the water temperature under the condition of not reaching the preset water temperature;
under the condition that the state of charge of the storage battery is the second state of charge, ending the preheating process of the electrolytic cell and recovering to the actual power operation;
judging the state of charge of the storage battery under the condition that the predicted power is smaller than the actual power;
and when the state of charge of the storage battery is a first state of charge, the actual power operation is maintained, and when the state of charge of the storage battery is a second state of charge, the operation power is reduced, and the residual electric energy is stored in the storage battery.
In the scheme, the obtained predicted power of the electrolytic cell can predict the future power fluctuation of the electrolytic cell, and then the operation power of the electrolytic cell can be quickly adjusted according to the predicted power, the current actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery.
The embodiment of the invention provides equipment, which comprises a processor, a memory and a program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, at least the following steps are realized:
step S101, acquiring the predicted power of an electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of a storage battery in real time;
step S102, adjusting the running power of the electrolytic cell according to the predicted power, the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery;
step S103, controlling the operation of the electrolytic cell according to the operation power of the electrolytic cell.
The device herein may be a server, a PC, a PAD, a mobile phone, etc.
The present application further provides a computer program product adapted to perform a program of initializing at least the following method steps when executed on a data processing device:
step S101, acquiring the predicted power of an electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the state of charge of a storage battery in real time;
step S102, adjusting the running power of the electrolytic cell according to the predicted power, the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery;
step S103, controlling the operation of the electrolytic cell according to the operation power of the electrolytic cell.
In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other manners. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the above-described division of the units may be a logical division, and in actual implementation, there may be another division, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and may be in an electrical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may also be implemented in the form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if it is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a separate product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, which is substantially or partly contributed by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic or optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:
1) According to the control method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, firstly, the predicted power of the electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery are obtained, then the operation power of the electrolytic cell can be rapidly adjusted according to the predicted power, the actual power and the charge state of the storage battery, and finally the operation of the electrolytic cell can be controlled according to the operation power of the electrolytic cell. According to the method, the obtained predicted power of the electrolytic cell can predict the future power fluctuation of the electrolytic cell, and then the operation power of the electrolytic cell can be quickly adjusted according to the predicted power, the current actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of a storage battery.
2) According to the control device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, the first acquisition unit acquires the predicted power of the electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery, the first adjusting unit can rapidly adjust the operating power of the electrolytic cell according to the predicted power, the actual power and the charge state of the storage battery, and the control unit can control the operation of the electrolytic cell according to the operating power of the electrolytic cell. In the device, the obtained predicted power of the electrolytic cell can predict the future power fluctuation of the electrolytic cell, and further according to the predicted power, the current actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of a storage battery, the operating power of the electrolytic cell can be rapidly adjusted, compared with the fluctuation, randomness and instantaneity of the generated power in the prior art, the operating power of the electrolytic cell cannot be rapidly adjusted when the input power of the electrolytic cell fluctuates greatly, the operating power of the electrolytic cell can be adjusted in advance in the scheme, so that the instantaneous power fluctuation can be well absorbed when the peak value of the generated power comes, the heat loss of the electrolytic cell can be reduced when the generated power is underestimated, the operating power of the electrolytic cell can be rapidly and efficiently adjusted in the scheme, the electrolytic cell can rapidly respond, and therefore the problem that the rapid response cannot be achieved due to the slow power adjustment of the electrolytic cell in the prior art is solved, the hydrogen production efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption of the electrolytic cell is reduced.
3) The system comprises a new energy power generation module, a controllable power supply module, an electrolytic tank, a storage battery, an auxiliary electric heating module, an alkali liquor circulating pump, an alkali liquor radiator and a controller, wherein the controllable power supply module is electrically connected with the new energy power generation module, the electrolytic tank is electrically connected with the controllable power supply module, the storage battery is electrically connected with the controllable power supply module, the auxiliary electric heating module is respectively and electrically connected with the electrolytic tank and the controllable power supply module, the alkali liquor circulating pump is in communication connection with the electrolytic tank, the alkali liquor radiator is respectively and communicatively connected with the alkali liquor circulating pump and the auxiliary electric heating module, the controller comprises a control device for hydrogen production through electrolytic water, and the control device is used for executing any control method for hydrogen production through electrolytic water. In the system, the obtained predicted power of the electrolytic cell can predict the future power fluctuation of the electrolytic cell, and further the operating power of the electrolytic cell can be rapidly adjusted according to the predicted power, the current actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of the storage battery.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. A control method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the predicted power of an electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the charge state of a storage battery in real time;
adjusting the operating power of the electrolytic cell according to the predicted power, the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery;
controlling the operation of the electrolytic cell in accordance with the operating power of the electrolytic cell,
adjusting the operating power of the electrolyzer based on the predicted power, the actual power, and the state of charge of the battery, comprising:
comparing the magnitude relation of the predicted power and the actual power;
adjusting the operating power according to the magnitude relationship and the state of charge,
adjusting the operating power according to the magnitude relationship and the state of charge, including:
adjusting the operating power when the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge, the first state of charge being the state of charge of the battery greater than 50% and less than 100%;
adjusting the operating power to the actual power when the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a second state of charge, the second state of charge being the state of charge of the battery that is less than or equal to 30%,
the real-time acquisition of the predicted power of the electrolytic cell comprises the following steps:
acquiring the operation parameters of the electrolytic cell in real time, and determining an I-U characteristic curve of the electrolytic cell according to the operation parameters;
constructing a mathematical model of the electrolytic cell according to the I-U characteristic curve of the electrolytic cell;
acquiring wind and solar power prediction data of the electrolytic cell in real time;
determining whether the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance according to the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data and the state of charge of the storage battery;
determining a preset power regulation range of the electrolytic cell according to the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data and the state of charge of the storage battery;
the mathematical model is a relational expression of a first parameter, a second parameter, a third parameter, a fourth parameter, a fifth parameter and a sixth parameter, the first parameter is the number of cells connected in series with the electrolytic cell, the second parameter is the free energy of the electrolytic cell in a chemical reaction, the third parameter is the electron transfer number of the electrolytic cell, the fourth parameter is the Faraday constant of the electrolytic cell, the fifth parameter is the plate area of the electrolytic cell, the sixth parameter is the electrode overvoltage coefficient of the electrolytic cell, and the wind-solar power prediction data at least comprises: in a first predetermined time period and with a time resolution at a predetermined time resolution, predicting power of a wind turbine, and in the first predetermined time period and with a time resolution at the predetermined time resolution, predicting power of a photovoltaic, the state of charge of the storage battery at least includes: determining whether the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance according to the mathematical model, the wind and light power prediction data and the state of charge of the storage battery, wherein the first state of charge is the state of charge of the storage battery which is more than 50% and less than 100%, and the second state of charge is the state of charge of the storage battery which is less than or equal to 30%, and the first state of charge and the second state of charge comprise:
determining the type of the electrolytic cell according to the first parameter, the second parameter, the third parameter, the fourth parameter, the fifth parameter and the sixth parameter;
determining that the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance and controlling the electrolytic cell to increase the operating temperature under the condition that a first preset condition is met, wherein the first preset condition comprises the following steps: the type of the electrolytic cell is determined, the predicted power and the duration of the first preset value or more are greater than a second preset time period, and the state of charge of the storage battery is the first state of charge;
determining that it is not necessary to increase the temperature of the electrolytic cell in advance and controlling the electrolytic cell to decrease the operating temperature in the case where a second predetermined condition is satisfied, wherein the second predetermined condition includes: the type of the electrolytic cell is determined, the predicted power and the duration less than or equal to a second preset value are greater than a second preset time period, and the state of charge of the storage battery is the second state of charge.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the operating power in the event that the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge comprises:
acquiring a preset power regulation range in real time, and determining whether the predicted power is in the preset power regulation range;
adjusting the operating power to a predetermined power in the case that the predicted power is greater than a maximum power value of the predetermined power adjustment range of the electrolytic cell, the predetermined power being the maximum power value;
adjusting the operating power to the predicted power if the predicted power is within the predetermined power regulation range of the electrolyzer.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein after adjusting the operating power in the event that the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge, the method further comprises:
acquiring the temperature of water in the electrolytic cell in real time;
adjusting the operating power to the actual power in case the temperature is equal to a predetermined water temperature.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the operating power based on the magnitude relationship and the state of charge comprises:
adjusting the operating power to the actual power when the predicted power is less than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a first state of charge;
reducing the operating power when the predicted power is less than the actual power and the state of charge of the battery is a second state of charge.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein after adjusting the operating power according to the magnitude relationship and the state of charge, the method further comprises: storing residual electric energy, wherein the electric energy corresponding to the difference value of the operating power and the actual power is the residual electric energy;
storing the surplus electrical energy includes:
transmitting a first part of residual electric energy into the storage battery, wherein the first part of residual electric energy is part of the residual electric energy;
transmitting a second portion of the remaining electrical energy to an auxiliary electrical heating module when the state of charge of the battery is a third state of charge, the third state of charge being a state of charge in which the state of charge of the battery is equal to 100%, the sum of the first portion of the remaining electrical energy and the second portion of the remaining electrical energy being the remaining electrical energy, the second portion of the remaining electrical energy being less than or equal to the first portion of the remaining electrical energy.
6. A control device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis is characterized by comprising:
the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring the predicted power of the electrolytic cell, the actual power of the electrolytic cell and the state of charge of the storage battery in real time;
a first adjusting unit for adjusting the operating power of the electrolytic cell according to the predicted power, the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery;
a control unit for controlling the operation of the electrolytic cell according to the operation power of the electrolytic cell,
the first adjusting unit comprises a comparing module and an adjusting module, and the comparing module is used for comparing the magnitude relation between the predicted power and the actual power; the adjusting module is used for adjusting the running power according to the size relation and the state of charge;
the adjustment module comprises a first adjustment submodule and a second adjustment submodule, the first adjustment submodule is used for adjusting the running power under the condition that the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery is a first state of charge, and the first state of charge is the state of charge of the storage battery which is greater than 50% and less than 100%; the second adjusting submodule is configured to adjust the operating power to the actual power when the predicted power is greater than the actual power and the state of charge of the storage battery is a second state of charge, where the second state of charge is the state of charge of the storage battery that is less than or equal to 30%,
the first acquisition unit comprises a first acquisition module, a construction module, a second acquisition module, a first determination module and a second determination module, wherein the first acquisition module is used for acquiring the operation parameters of the electrolytic cell in real time and determining the I-U characteristic curve of the electrolytic cell according to the operation parameters; the construction module is used for constructing a mathematical model of the electrolytic cell according to the I-U characteristic curve of the electrolytic cell; the second acquisition module is used for acquiring wind and light power prediction data of the electrolytic cell in real time; the first determination module is used for determining whether the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance according to the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data and the state of charge of the storage battery; the second determination module is used for determining a preset power regulation range of the electrolytic cell according to the mathematical model, the wind-solar power prediction data and the charge state of the storage battery;
the mathematical model is a relational expression of a first parameter, a second parameter, a third parameter, a fourth parameter, a fifth parameter and a sixth parameter, the first parameter is the number of cells connected in series with the electrolytic cell, the second parameter is the free energy of the electrolytic cell in a chemical reaction, the third parameter is the electron transfer number of the electrolytic cell, the fourth parameter is the Faraday constant of the electrolytic cell, the fifth parameter is the plate area of the electrolytic cell, the sixth parameter is the electrode overvoltage coefficient of the electrolytic cell, and the wind and light power prediction data at least comprises: in a first predetermined time period and with a time resolution at a predetermined time resolution, predicting power of the wind turbine, and in the first predetermined time period and with a time resolution at the predetermined time resolution, predicting power of the photovoltaic, the state of charge of the storage battery at least includes: the first state of charge is the state of charge of the storage battery which is more than 50% and less than 100%, and the second state of charge is the state of charge of the storage battery which is less than or equal to 30%, the first determining module comprises a first determining submodule, a second determining submodule and a third determining submodule, and the first determining submodule is used for determining the type of the electrolytic cell according to the first parameter, the second parameter, the third parameter, the fourth parameter, the fifth parameter and the sixth parameter; the second determining submodule is used for determining that the temperature of the electrolytic cell needs to be increased in advance and controlling the electrolytic cell to increase the operating temperature under the condition that a first preset condition is met, wherein the first preset condition comprises the following steps: the type of the electrolytic cell is determined, the predicted power and the duration of the first preset value or more are greater than a second preset time period, and the state of charge of the storage battery is the first state of charge; the third determining submodule is used for determining that the temperature of the electrolytic cell does not need to be increased in advance and controlling the electrolytic cell to reduce the operating temperature under the condition that a second preset condition is met, wherein the second preset condition comprises the following steps: the type of the electrolytic cell is determined, the predicted power and the duration less than or equal to a second preset value are greater than a second preset time period, and the state of charge of the storage battery is the second state of charge.
7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium comprises a stored program, wherein the program performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A processor, configured to run a program, wherein the program when running performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
9. A system for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, comprising:
the new energy power generation module is used for providing electric energy for the system;
the controllable power supply module is electrically connected with the new energy power generation module and is used for controlling electric energy conversion;
the electrolytic cell is electrically connected with the controllable power supply module and is used for producing hydrogen;
the storage battery is electrically connected with the controllable power supply module and is used for storing a first part of residual electric energy;
the auxiliary electric heating module is electrically connected with the electrolytic bath and the controllable power supply module respectively and is used for storing a second part of residual electric energy;
the alkali liquor circulating pump is in communication connection with the electrolytic cell and is used for controlling the water in the electrolytic cell to circularly flow;
the alkali liquor radiator is in communication connection with the alkali liquor circulating pump and the auxiliary electric heating module respectively, and is used for controlling the system to radiate heat;
a controller in communication with each of the controllable power module and the electrolytic cell, the controller comprising a control device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, the control device being configured to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 5.
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