CN113371968A - Medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device and sludge drying method - Google Patents
Medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device and sludge drying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113371968A CN113371968A CN202011328156.4A CN202011328156A CN113371968A CN 113371968 A CN113371968 A CN 113371968A CN 202011328156 A CN202011328156 A CN 202011328156A CN 113371968 A CN113371968 A CN 113371968A
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
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Abstract
The application relates to a moderate temperature heat pump sludge drying device and a sludge drying method, the moderate temperature heat pump sludge drying device comprises: the heat pump system comprises a drying oven, a heat exchange prying block, an external circulation air fan and a plurality of heat pump systems; the drying oven, the heat exchange pry block and the external circulation air fan are communicated to form an external circulation structure; each heat pump system comprises a heat source driving device, a heat compensator and a heat exchanger which are communicated with each other; the heat exchanger is arranged in the heat exchange pry block, and the heat compensator is arranged in the oven; the oven is provided with the air supply opening, and the heat exchanger export in the heat transfer sled piece is provided with the suction opening. This application realizes the sludge drying through extrinsic cycle structure and heat pump system, through taking out the heat of evaporimeter export minimum grade, mends low-temperature low-humidity new trend again, realizes the cold supplement to maintain the energy balance of system through discharging low grade energy, reduced the system
Loss, improve the systemIs/are as follows
Efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of sludge drying, in particular to a medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device and a sludge drying method.
Background
The conventional heat pump sludge drying unit belongs to a low-temperature closed drying unit, and the heat pump has the heating capacity constantly larger than the refrigerating capacity because of the work of a compressor. Because the air temperature (low-grade heat source) of the outlet of the evaporator of the low-temperature type closed drying unit is only 35 ℃ at most, normal heat discharge can not be realized, only partial condensation heat (high-grade heat source) of the heat pump can be discharged, partial heat released by the heat pump is used for evaporating water in sludge, partial heat is discharged to realize heat balance of a closed system, the high-grade heat source can not be completely utilized, and the comprehensive energy utilization rate is low.
Based on this, the application provides a medium temperature heat pump sludge drying system, utilizes the difference on system's operating condition and the heat transfer principle, realizes that the heat pump heats the heat and utilizes totally, is a high-efficient energy-conserving technological application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems or at least partially solve the technical problems, the application provides a medium temperature heat pump sludge drying device and a sludge drying method.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a medium temperature heat pump sludge drying device, the medium temperature heat pump sludge drying device includes: the heat pump system comprises a drying oven, a heat exchange prying block, an external circulation air fan and a plurality of heat pump systems; the drying oven, the heat exchange pry block and the external circulation air fan are communicated to form an external circulation structure; each heat pump system comprises a heat source driving device, a heat compensator and a heat exchanger which are communicated with each other; the heat exchanger is arranged in the heat exchange pry block, and the heat compensator is arranged in the oven; the oven is provided with the air supply opening, and the heat exchanger export in the heat transfer sled piece is provided with the suction opening.
Optionally, the suction opening is provided with an exhaust fan, the exhaust fan is connected to the deodorization system.
Optionally, the air supply port is provided with an air supply control device, the exhaust fan is used for exhausting air from the heat exchange pry block through the air exhaust port, and the air supply control device is used for supplying air to the oven through the air supply port; wherein the air extraction and the air supplement are performed simultaneously.
Optionally, the air suction amount of the exhaust fan is consistent with the air supplement amount of the air supplement control device.
Optionally, the heat supplementing device comprises a first condenser and a first subcooler, and the heat exchanging device comprises an evaporator.
Optionally, the heat source driving device comprises a screw compressor, a shell-and-tube economizer and a reservoir; the tube side of the shell-and-tube economizer is respectively connected with the first end of the liquid storage device and the first end of the evaporator; the shell side of the shell-and-tube economizer is connected with the second end of the evaporator and the air suction end of the screw compressor respectively, the discharge end of the screw compressor is connected with the first end of the first condenser, and the first end and the second end of the first subcooler are connected with the second end of the first condenser and the second end of the liquid storage device respectively.
Optionally, the oven is sequentially provided with a head module, a preheating module, an air inlet module, a middle module and a tail module; the air inlet module and the tail module are respectively provided with an external circulating air inlet and an external circulating air return inlet; the first condenser is arranged in the intermediate module, and the first subcooler is arranged in the preheating module.
Optionally, the plurality of heat pump systems includes a first heat pump system and a second heat pump system; the heat exchange pry block is also internally provided with a second condenser and a second subcooler; the discharge port of the screw compressor of the first heat pump system, the second condenser, the second subcooler and the liquid storage device of the first heat pump system are sequentially connected; the second condenser and the second subcooler are arranged on the heat exchange pry block, and the evaporator of the second heat pump system, the evaporator of the first heat pump system, the second subcooler and the second condenser are sequentially arranged along the wind direction of external circulating wind preset in the heat exchange pry block.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a sludge drying method for the intermediate-temperature heat pump sludge drying device as described in any one of the above, wherein the sludge drying method includes;
generating external circulation air in the external circulation structure through an external circulation fan;
the heat exchanger of the heat pump system exchanges heat with the external circulating air in the heat exchange prying block to obtain thermal state external circulating air
Guiding the thermal state external circulation air to the oven through the external circulation structure, and performing heat compensation on the thermal state external circulation air through a heat compensator of the heat pump system so as to dry sludge in the oven;
in the drying process, air is pumped from the outer circulation structure through an air suction opening, and air is supplied to the outer circulation structure through an air supply opening.
Optionally, the sludge drying method further includes:
in the drying process, air extraction and air supplement are carried out simultaneously, and the air extraction amount and the air supplement amount are kept consistent.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
the sludge drying is realized through outer loop structure and heat pump system in this application embodiment, through taking out the heat of evaporimeter export minimum grade, mends low-temperature low-humidity new trend again, realizes the cold supplement to maintain the energy balance of system through discharging low-grade energy, reduced the system
Loss, increase of system
Efficiency.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a moderate temperature heat pump sludge drying apparatus provided in various embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an oven provided in various embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heat exchange skid provided in various embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in various embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram of a conventional heat pump system;
fig. 6 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram of a medium-temperature heat pump system according to various embodiments of the present application.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the following description, suffixes such as "module", "component", or "unit" used to denote elements are used only for facilitating the explanation of the present invention, and have no specific meaning in itself. Thus, "module", "component" or "unit" may be used mixedly.
Example one
The embodiment of the invention provides a medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device, which comprises: the heat pump system comprises an oven 100, a heat exchange pry block 200, an external circulation air fan 400 and a plurality of heat pump systems; the drying oven, the heat exchange pry block and the external circulation air fan are communicated to form an external circulation structure; each heat pump system comprises a heat source driving device, a heat compensator and a heat exchanger which are communicated with each other; the heat exchanger is arranged in the heat exchange pry block, and the heat compensator is arranged in the oven; the oven is provided with air supply opening 101, and the heat exchanger export in the heat transfer sled piece is provided with suction opening 201.
The intermediate-temperature heat pump sludge drying device provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize sludge drying by external circulation air by using an external circulation structure, the heat exchanger outlet of the heat exchange pry block is provided with the air suction port, the oven is provided with the air supplement port, and the exhaust fan 202 can extract a small amount of external circulation air through the air suction port to be discharged outside during operation, so that the system can be operated at negative pressure without odor leakage risk, the energy balance of the system is maintained by discharging low-grade energy, and the system is reduced
Loss, increase of system
Efficiency. And an air supplementing opening is arranged in the oven, fresh low-temperature air (average temperature is 15 ℃) is introduced, so that the concentration of pollutants in the system is reduced, and part of cold energy is input into the system.
In some embodiments, the thermal make-up device comprises a first condenser 102 and a first subcooler 103, and the heat exchange device comprises evaporators (a first evaporator 205 and a second evaporator 206). The suction opening is provided with an exhaust fan, which is connected to the deodorizing system 203. Optionally, the air supply port is provided with an air supply control device, the exhaust fan is used for exhausting air from the heat exchange pry block through the air exhaust port, and the air supply control device is used for supplying air to the oven through the air supply port; wherein the air extraction and the air supplement are performed simultaneously. Optionally, the air suction amount of the exhaust fan is consistent with the air supplement amount of the air supplement control device. The air extraction amount can be about 10% of external circulating air.
That is to say, the oven is provided with an air supplement port, the outlet of the evaporator of the heat exchange pry block is provided with an air suction port, when the device runs, the exhaust fan continuously extracts about 10% of the external circulating air which can be discharged after deodorization, the temperature of the extracted external circulating air is about 55 ℃, and the extracted external circulating air is discharged in a small amount, so that the system can be in negative pressure running without odor leakage risk, and the surplus air in the system can be discharged in a low-grade energy stateTo increase the heat of the system
Efficiency. An air supplementing opening is arranged in the baking oven, fresh low-temperature air (average temperature is 15 ℃) is introduced, the concentration of pollutants in the system is reduced, and part of cold energy is input into the system. Air suction and air supplement are carried out simultaneously, and the air suction quantity and the air supplement quantity are always kept consistent so as to maintain the balance of the air quantity of the whole system.
In some embodiments, the heat source driven device comprises a screw compressor 301, a shell and tube economizer 304, and an accumulator 305; the tube side of the shell-and-tube economizer is respectively connected with the first end of the liquid storage device and the first end of the evaporator; the shell side of the shell-and-tube economizer is connected with the second end of the evaporator and the suction end of the screw compressor respectively, the discharge end of the screw compressor is connected with the first end of the first condenser 102 (condenser A1), and the first end and the second end of the first subcooler 103 (subcooler A1) are connected with the second end of the first condenser and the second end of the liquid accumulator respectively. An oil return port 308 is formed in the bottom of the shell side of the shell-and-tube economizer, and the oil return port returns recovered lubricating oil into the screw compressor through an oil pump. By the oil return function, lubricating oil which is accumulated for a long time and enters the system can return to the compressor through the shell-and-tube energy saver, so that the hidden danger of oil shortage of the screw compressor is avoided. The second end of the evaporator is provided with a U-bend 209. By arranging the U-shaped bend, lubricating oil accumulated into the heat pump system for a long time can be accumulated in the U-shaped bend, the oil level exceeds a certain height, and the lubricating oil is carried into the shell-and-tube economizer along with the refrigerant. The heat source driving apparatus may further include a secondary oil separator 302, an oil cooler 303. Two ends of the secondary oil separator 302 are respectively connected with a discharge end and a suction end of the screw compressor, so that lubricating oil returns to the compressor; oil cooler 303 is connected to the screw compressor.
Optionally, the oven is sequentially provided with a head module 1, a preheating module 2, an air inlet module 3, a middle module 4 and a tail module 5; the air inlet module and the tail module are respectively provided with an external circulating air inlet 104 and an external circulating air return inlet 105; the first condenser is arranged in the intermediate module, and the first subcooler is arranged in the preheating module.
Through the structure, the gradient utilization of energy is realized, the adaptability of the preheating module to the energy quality is stronger, and the comprehensive utilization rate of the system energy is greatly improved by utilizing the high-temperature liquid refrigerant (95 ℃) with higher quality. And the subcooler is arranged in the oven, the heat of the subcooler is still provided for heating and evaporating the sludge, and meanwhile, the refrigerant is subcooled in the subcooler, so that on one hand, the energy efficiency of the heat pump is improved, and on the other hand, the heat for drying is increased.
In some embodiments, the plurality of heat pump systems includes a first heat pump system and a second heat pump system; the heat exchange pry block is also internally provided with a second condenser 208 (a condenser A2) and a second subcooler 207 (a subcooler A2); the discharge port of the screw compressor of the first heat pump system, the first condenser, the first subcooler and the liquid storage device of the first heat pump system are sequentially connected; the second condenser and the second subcooler are arranged in the heat exchange pry block, and the evaporator 205 of the second heat pump system, the evaporator 206 of the first heat pump system, the second subcooler 207 and the second condenser 208 are sequentially arranged along the wind direction of the external circulation wind preset in the heat exchange pry block.
In some embodiments, an expansion valve 210 is provided in the line between the tube-side outlet of the shell and tube economizer and the first end of the evaporator of the heat exchange skid.
The second subcooler realizes dry-wet separation at the heat exchange pry block, and the subcooler is arranged behind the evaporator, so that water drops carried by external circulating air after dehumidification can be removed by the subcooler, the water drops carried by the circulating air entering the condenser are avoided, and the corrosion risk of the condenser is eliminated; and the evaporator and the subcooler in the wet area are made of stainless steel materials, so that the corrosion resistance is high.
Briefly described is a specific medium temperature heat pump sludge drying device principle provided by the embodiment of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention relates to an air draft cold supplementing and re-cooling technology, the reason that a medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device needs heat extraction is that the refrigerating capacity is insufficient, and cold supplementing can be realized by extracting the heat with the lowest grade at the outlet of an evaporator and then supplementing the fresh air with low temperature and low humidity, which is equivalent to increasing the refrigerating capacity of a system, and meanwhile, the heating capacity and the refrigerating capacity of the system are equal, and the heat of the system is balanced.
The air at the outlet of the evaporator is the lowest temperature of the system, namely the lowest-grade heat source, but the temperature is still 55 ℃ and is far higher than the temperature of the external environment, fresh air (average 15 ℃ and 70 percent RH) is supplemented into the drying oven by extracting the air temperature at the outlet of the evaporator, which is equivalent to increasing the refrigerating capacity of the system, and meanwhile, the heating capacity of the heat pump is completely used for evaporating the water in the sludge, so that the maximum utilization of the heating capacity is realized.
Based on the use of the air exhaust and cold supplement technology, the heat balance of the redundant heat of the medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device can be realized through air exhaust and cold supplement in a fresh air supplement mode, which is equivalent to adding a refrigerant recooler in a heat pump sludge drying system, and the heat of the recooler is sent into the oven to evaporate the water of the sludge, thereby increasing the heating capacity of the heat pump, increasing the refrigerating capacity of the system and improving the energy efficiency of the system.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a sludge drying method for a medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device in any one of the embodiments, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of;
generating external circulation air in the external circulation structure through an external circulation fan;
the heat exchanger of the heat pump system exchanges heat with the external circulating air in the heat exchange prying block to obtain thermal state external circulating air
Guiding the thermal state external circulation air to the oven through the external circulation structure, and performing heat compensation on the thermal state external circulation air through a heat compensator of the heat pump system so as to dry sludge in the oven;
in the drying process, air is pumped from the outer circulation structure through an air suction opening, and air is supplied to the outer circulation structure through an air supply opening.
Of course, air extraction and air supplement can be simultaneously carried out in the drying process, and the air extraction amount and the air supplement amount are kept consistent.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6:
1-2: in the compression process of the screw compressor, the refrigerant is compressed from low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant to high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the unit work of the compressor is h2-h 1;
2-3: in the condensation process of the condenser, the exhaust gas of the compressor enters the condenser, and the compressor discharges heat and condenses into a saturated high-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant in the condenser;
3-4: the expansion valve performs a throttling process to become a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant;
4-1: in the evaporator evaporation process, the refrigerant from the expansion valve absorbs heat in the evaporator and evaporates into low-pressure gaseous refrigerant which returns to the screw compressor;
2-5: the conventional heat pump needs to discharge heat h2-h1 or h2-h 5;
shaded portion a: heat provided to the system by a conventional heat pump;
3-3 'and 4' -4: the medium temperature heat pump system recools and the recooling quantity is h3-h3 'or h4-h 4', the recooling process provides both the heating quantity and the refrigerating quantity of the system;
1-1": increased refrigeration capacity through cold replenishment;
shaded portion B: the medium temperature heat pump provides heat to the system.
Therefore, based on the use of the air exhaust and cold supplement technology, the heat balance of the redundant heat of the medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device can be realized through air exhaust and fresh air supplement, which is equivalent to adding a refrigerant recooler in the heat pump sludge drying system, and the heat of the recooler is sent into the oven to evaporate the water of the sludge, thereby increasing the heating capacity of the heat pump, simultaneously increasing the refrigerating capacity of the system and improving the energy efficiency of the system.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device is characterized by comprising: the heat pump system comprises a drying oven, a heat exchange prying block, an external circulation air fan and a plurality of heat pump systems; the drying oven, the heat exchange pry block and the external circulation air fan are communicated to form an external circulation structure; each heat pump system comprises a heat source driving device, a heat compensator and a heat exchanger which are communicated with each other; the heat exchanger is arranged in the heat exchange pry block, and the heat compensator is arranged in the oven; the oven is provided with the air supply opening, and the heat exchanger export in the heat transfer sled piece is provided with the suction opening.
2. The medium temperature heat pump sludge drying device according to claim 1, wherein the suction opening is provided with a suction fan connected to a deodorizing system.
3. The medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device according to claim 2, wherein the air supply port is provided with an air supply control device, the exhaust fan is used for exhausting air from the heat exchange skid block through the air exhaust port, and the air supply control device is used for supplying air to the drying oven through the air supply port; wherein the air extraction and the air supplement are performed simultaneously.
4. The medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device according to claim 3, wherein the air suction amount of the exhaust fan is consistent with the air supplement amount of the air supplement control device.
5. The medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat supplementing device comprises a first condenser and a first subcooler, and the heat exchanging device comprises an evaporator.
6. The intermediate-temperature heat pump sludge drying device according to claim 5, wherein the heat source driving device comprises a screw compressor, a shell-and-tube economizer and a reservoir; the tube side of the shell-and-tube economizer is respectively connected with the first end of the liquid storage device and the first end of the evaporator; the shell side of the shell-and-tube economizer is connected with the second end of the evaporator and the air suction end of the screw compressor respectively, the discharge end of the screw compressor is connected with the first end of the first condenser, and the first end and the second end of the first subcooler are connected with the second end of the first condenser and the second end of the liquid storage device respectively.
7. The medium temperature heat pump sludge drying device according to claim 6, wherein the oven is provided with a head module, a preheating module, an air inlet module, a middle module and a tail module in sequence; the air inlet module and the tail module are respectively provided with an external circulating air inlet and an external circulating air return inlet; the first condenser is arranged in the intermediate module, and the first subcooler is arranged in the preheating module.
8. The intermediate-temperature heat pump sludge drying device according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of heat pump systems comprise a first heat pump system and a second heat pump system; the heat exchange pry block is also internally provided with a second condenser and a second subcooler; the discharge port of the screw compressor of the first heat pump system, the second condenser, the second subcooler and the liquid storage device of the first heat pump system are sequentially connected; the second condenser and the second subcooler are arranged on the heat exchange pry block, and the evaporator of the second heat pump system, the evaporator of the first heat pump system, the second subcooler and the second condenser are sequentially arranged along the wind direction of external circulating wind preset in the heat exchange pry block.
9. A sludge drying method for the medium-temperature heat pump sludge drying device in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sludge drying method comprises the following steps;
generating external circulation air in the external circulation structure through an external circulation fan;
the heat exchanger of the heat pump system exchanges heat with the external circulating air in the heat exchange prying block to obtain thermal state external circulating air
Guiding the thermal state external circulation air to the oven through the external circulation structure, and performing heat compensation on the thermal state external circulation air through a heat compensator of the heat pump system so as to dry sludge in the oven;
in the drying process, air is pumped from the outer circulation structure through an air suction opening, and air is supplied to the outer circulation structure through an air supply opening.
10. The sludge drying method of claim 9, further comprising:
in the drying process, air extraction and air supplement are carried out simultaneously, and the air extraction amount and the air supplement amount are kept consistent.
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