CN113369690B - Connection method and clamp for laser brazing of vibrating mirror of temperature receiver resistor component - Google Patents
Connection method and clamp for laser brazing of vibrating mirror of temperature receiver resistor component Download PDFInfo
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- CN113369690B CN113369690B CN202110735537.2A CN202110735537A CN113369690B CN 113369690 B CN113369690 B CN 113369690B CN 202110735537 A CN202110735537 A CN 202110735537A CN 113369690 B CN113369690 B CN 113369690B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of aviation fine part welding, and discloses a connection method and a fixture for galvanometer laser brazing of a temperature receiver resistor part, wherein the method comprises the steps of (1) clamping a connection bush of the temperature receiver resistor on the fixture, enabling a part to be connected to be vertically upward, shearing brazing filler metal with a proper length and placing the brazing filler metal in an area to be welded, and enabling the brazing filler metal to be in contact with base metals on two sides of the area to be welded; (2) Adjusting a laser scanning area and a laser scanning path of a galvanometer laser system; (3) Setting welding parameters of a galvanometer laser scanning system, and welding the temperature receiver resistor component to form a welding joint; (4) And adjusting the position of the resistor component of the temperature receiver, and repeating the operation to complete welding of all welding seams. The invention solves the problems of uncertainty, easy burning loss and large deformation caused by manual operation in the brazing process of the temperature receiver resistor component in the prior art, and can realize high-efficiency welding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of welding of aviation fine parts, in particular to a connection method and a fixture for laser brazing of a vibrating mirror of a temperature receiver resistor component.
Background
In the field of aerospace electronics, sensing components are common core parts. The temperature receiver can realize accurate, effective and reliable measurement of the air temperature of the air inlet channel of the engine. The product is installed on an air inlet of an engine, and a winding type temperature sensing element with a positive temperature coefficient in the product senses temperature change, so that a temperature signal is converted into a resistance signal, the resistance signal is output through an electric connector, an electric signal is transmitted to a full-state limit temperature regulator, and the regulation of the gas temperature behind a turbine is participated. The wire-wound temperature sensing element is placed inside a resistor component with a thin size, and the matching is extremely precise, so the processing precision and the quality of the resistor component are very critical.
At present, the welding position of the resistor part is still welded by adopting a flame brazing mode. The flame brazing welding mode depends on manual operation, and has the defects of poor quality, high difference, poor reliability, poor consistency and high requirement on the manual skill level. In addition, the flame brazing heating area is too large, so that sheet materials on the resistor part are easily deformed greatly when the welding seam is filled, the assembly precision is influenced, the resistor part and the temperature sensing element cannot be assembled and applied normally, and the generation efficiency and the yield are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of uncertainty, easy burning loss and large deformation caused by manual operation in the welding process of the temperature receiver resistor component in the prior art, the invention provides a connection method and a fixture for laser brazing of a vibrating mirror of the temperature receiver resistor component.
The invention adopts the specific scheme that: a joining method for galvanometer laser brazing of temperature receiver resistor components, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Clamping a connecting bush of the temperature receiver resistor on a clamp, enabling a part to be connected to be vertically upward, shearing brazing filler metal with a proper length, and placing the brazing filler metal in a region to be welded so as to enable the brazing filler metal to be in contact with base materials on two sides of the region to be welded;
(2) Adjusting a laser scanning area and a laser scanning path of a galvanometer laser system to enable the scanning area to cover the contact length between the area to be welded assembled in the step (1) and the brazing filler metal;
(3) Setting welding parameters of a galvanometer laser scanning system, and welding the resistor part of the temperature receiver to form a welding joint;
(4) And adjusting the position of the resistor component of the temperature receiver, and repeating the operation to complete the welding of all welding seams.
The brazing filler metal in the step (1) is in a filamentous shape, the diameter of the brazing filler metal is 0.3-0.5mm, and the shearing length of the brazing filler metal is 10-20mm.
And (3) the laser generating source of the galvanometer laser system in the step (2) is an SPI nanosecond laser, the highest average power of the laser generating source reaches 70W, the wavelength of the laser generating source is 1064nm, the laser generating source has two working modes of Pulse and continuous CW, and a galvanometer working platform is carried to realize the programmable planning of the scanning area and the scanning path in the step (2).
The welding parameters of the galvanometer laser scanning system in the step (3) comprise a working mode, welding power, welding speed, defocusing amount and processing times, wherein the working mode is a continuous CW working mode, the welding power is 49-56W, the welding speed is 300-800mm/s, the defocusing amount is + 10-30 mm, and the processing times are 5-15 times.
And (3) the laser scanning area of the galvanometer laser system in the step (2) is rectangular.
And (3) scanning the laser scanning path of the galvanometer laser system in the step (2) in a direction vertical to the welding seam.
The part to be connected comprises a connecting bush, a first supporting sheet and a second supporting sheet; the second supporting sheet is vertically welded with the first supporting sheet; and the first supporting sheet and the second supporting sheet are vertically welded with the end face of the connecting bush.
The distance between the scanning paths is 0.03-0.05mm.
The thickness of the second supporting sheet is between 0.1 and 0.2 mm; the thickness of the first supporting sheet is between 0.3 and 0.5mm, and the wall thickness of the connecting bushing is between 0.5 and 1 mm.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a jig used in a connection method of galvanometer laser soldering of a temperature receiver resistor block, the jig including a fixed stopper, a movable slider; the distance between the movable slide block and the fixed stop block is the outer diameter of a connecting bush of the temperature receiver resistor component, and the connecting bush is clamped between the fixed stop block and the movable slide block.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the connecting bush of the temperature receiver resistor is clamped in the fixture, so that the part to be connected is vertically upward, the brazing filler metal with a proper length is cut and placed in the area to be welded, the brazing filler metal is contacted with the base metals on the two sides of the area to be welded, the brazing filler metal is subjected to galvanometer laser welding, the laser beam deflects through the galvanometer to enable the focus to rapidly move along a specific scanning track, and thus high-efficiency welding is realized, the base metals to be welded and the brazing filler metal are loaded in a preset mode in the welding process, the uncertainty caused by manual operation is greatly reduced, and the welding efficiency and quality are effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a temperature receiver resistor component clamped by the clamp of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention showing the machining of a galvanometer scanning work platform;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembled position of the temperature receiver resistor component of the present invention with solder;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effects of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effects of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
wherein the reference numerals are respectively:
201. a laser; 202. laser; 203. an X-direction galvanometer; 204. a Y-direction galvanometer; 205. an f-theta objective lens; 206. processing a plane; 301. a clamp; 302. a laser beam; 303. connecting a bushing; 304. a first support sheet; 305. brazing filler metal; 306. a second support sheet; 307. laser scanning a planned path; 311. fixing a stop block; 312. a movable slider; 313. a fixed block; 314. a push rod.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
The invention provides a connection method for galvanometer laser brazing of a temperature receiver resistor component, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Clamping a connecting bush of the temperature receiver resistor on a clamp, enabling a part to be connected to be vertically upward, shearing brazing filler metal with a proper length, and placing the brazing filler metal in a region to be welded so as to enable the brazing filler metal to be in contact with base materials on two sides of the region to be welded;
(2) Adjusting a laser scanning area and a path of a galvanometer laser system to enable the scanning area to cover the contact length of the area to be welded assembled in the step (1) and the brazing filler metal;
(3) Setting welding parameters of a galvanometer laser scanning system, and welding the temperature receiver resistor component to form a welding joint;
(4) And adjusting the position of the resistor component of the temperature receiver, and repeating the operation to complete the welding of all welding seams.
The brazing filler metal in the step (1) is in a filamentous shape, the diameter of the brazing filler metal is 0.3-0.5mm, and the shearing length of the brazing filler metal is 10-20mm.
And (3) the laser generating source of the galvanometer laser system in the step (2) is an SPI nanosecond laser, the highest average power of the laser generating source reaches 70W, the wavelength of the laser generating source is 1064nm, the laser generating source has two working modes of Pulse and continuous CW, and a galvanometer working platform is carried to realize the programmable planning of the scanning area and the scanning path in the step (2).
The welding parameters of the galvanometer laser scanning system in the step (3) comprise a working mode, welding power, welding speed, defocusing amount and processing times, wherein the working mode is a continuous CW working mode, the welding power is 49-56W, the welding speed is 300-800mm/s, the defocusing amount is +10- +30mm, and the processing times are 5-15 times.
And (3) the laser scanning area of the galvanometer laser system in the step (2) is rectangular.
And (3) scanning the laser scanning path of the galvanometer laser system in the step (2) in a direction vertical to the welding seam.
The distance between the scanning paths is 0.03-0.05mm.
The part to be connected comprises a connecting bushing 303, a first supporting sheet 305 and a second supporting sheet 306; the second support piece 306 is welded perpendicularly to the first support piece 305; and the first supporting sheet 305 and the second supporting sheet 306 are both vertically welded with the end surface of the connecting bush 303.
The thickness of the second supporting sheet is between 0.1 and 0.2mm, the thickness of the first supporting sheet is between 0.3 and 0.5mm, the wall thickness of the connecting bushing is between 0.5 and 1mm, and the wall thickness of the connecting bushing is between 0.5 and 1mm; the length of the area to be welded is about 10-20mm.
The invention provides a clamp for laser brazing of a galvanometer of a temperature receiver resistor component, which comprises a fixed stop block 311 and a movable slide block 312; the distance between the movable slider 311 and the fixed stopper 312 is the outer diameter of the connection bushing of the temperature receiver resistor part. The back of the movable slider 312 is connected to a push rod 314, and the push rod 314 pushes the movable slider to move, and the push rod may be a screw rod.
The fixed stopper 311 is fixed at one end of the clamp; one end of the movable slider 312 is connected to the screw rod 314, and the screw rod 314 is rotated clockwise to push the movable slider 312 to move towards the fixed stop 311, so as to decrease the distance between the movable slider 312 and the fixed stop 311, and conversely, increase the distance between the movable slider 312 and the fixed stop 311. The distance between the movable sliding block 312 and the fixed stop block 311 is adjusted, so that the movable sliding block 312 and the fixed stop block 311 can just clamp the outer part of the connecting bushing 303, and a welding seam to be welded can be vertically upward through the fixation of the clamp, so that stable clamping is provided for the subsequent implementation of laser brazing of the vibrating mirror, and the characteristics of local heating and rapid cooling in the laser brazing process of the vibrating mirror of the temperature receiver resistor component are ensured; the joint heat distribution is accurately controlled, the wetting formation regulation and control and the generation of intermetallic compounds are facilitated, the deformation of the welded joint is extremely small, and the high-quality joint with good forming and guaranteed dimensional precision can be obtained.
In the welding process, the base metal to be welded and the brazing filler metal are loaded on the die in a preset mode, so that the uncertainty caused by manual operation is greatly reduced, and the welding efficiency and quality are effectively improved.
Example 1:
the invention provides a connection method for galvanometer laser brazing of a temperature receiver resistor component, which comprises the following steps:
1. and clamping the temperature receiver resistor part on the clamp, enabling the area to be connected to be vertically upward, shearing a brazing filler metal with a proper length, and placing the brazing filler metal in the area to be welded so that the brazing filler metal is in contact with base metals on two sides of the area to be welded.
The temperature receiver resistor component is made of stainless steel, and the to-be-connected piece mainly comprises a connecting lining, a second supporting piece and a first supporting piece. The wall thickness of the end face of the connecting bush is 0.5mm, the thickness of the second supporting sheet is 0.1mm, and the length of a region to be welded is 10mm. The brazing filler metal is made of silver-copper-zinc or silver-copper-zinc-cadmium brazing filler metal, the diameter of the filiform brazing filler metal is 0.3mm, and the shearing length of the filiform brazing filler metal is 10mm.
And placing the brazing filler metal in front of a to-be-welded area of the temperature receiver resistor component, and cleaning and wiping the surface of the to-be-welded temperature receiver resistor component and the sheared brazing filler metal by using acetone.
2. And (3) adjusting the laser scanning area and the path of the galvanometer laser system to enable the scanning area to cover the contact length between the area to be welded assembled in the step 1 and the brazing filler metal.
In the galvanometer laser system, a laser generating source is an SPI nanosecond laser, the highest average power of the laser generating source can reach 70W, the wavelength is 1064nm, the laser system has two working modes of Pulse and continuous CW, and a galvanometer working platform is mounted, so that the programmable planning of the scanning area and path in step 102 can be realized, as shown in fig. 2, a scanning principle of the galvanometer working platform is that a laser 201 generates a laser 202, the laser 202 is deflected by an X-direction galvanometer 203 and a Y-direction galvanometer 204 sequentially, and finally converged on a processing plane 206 by an f-theta objective 205, and the angle between the X-direction galvanometer 203 and the Y-direction galvanometer 204 is changed, so that the movement of a focus on the processing plane 206 is realized, and the laser processing of the material is further realized.
3. And setting welding parameters of a galvanometer laser scanning system, and welding the resistor part of the temperature receiver to form a welding joint.
The welding parameters of the galvanometer laser scanning system mainly comprise a working mode, welding power, welding speed, defocusing amount and processing times, wherein the welding power is 49W, the welding speed is 300mm/s, the defocusing amount is 10mm, and the processing times are 5.
4. And adjusting the position of the resistor component of the temperature receiver, and repeating the operation to complete the welding of all welding seams.
The second support piece 306 is welded perpendicularly to the first support piece 305; and the first supporting sheet 305 and the second supporting sheet 306 are both vertically welded with the end surface of the connecting bush 303.
Example 2
The temperature receiver resistor component in the embodiment is made of stainless steel, the areas to be welded are a second supporting sheet and a first supporting sheet, and the thicknesses of the areas to be welded are 0.3mm and 0.1mm respectively; the length of the welding seam is 20mm, and the brazing filler metal is silver-copper-zinc brazing filler metal.
Firstly, cleaning and wiping the to-be-welded temperature receiver resistor part and the sheared solder by acetone. And clamping the temperature receiver resistor part on a clamp, enabling the area to be connected to be vertically upward, cutting the brazing filler metal with the length of 20mm, and placing the brazing filler metal in the area to be welded so that the brazing filler metal is in contact with base metals on two sides of the area to be welded. And adjusting the laser scanning area and path of the galvanometer laser system to enable the scanning area to cover the contact area of the assembled temperature receiver resistor component and the sheared solder. The assembly position effect, the schematic diagram and the laser scanning path are shown in fig. 3, the welding parameters of the galvanometer laser scanning system are set, the working mode is a continuous CW working mode, the welding power is 49W, the welding speed is 600mm/s, the defocusing amount is +20mm, the processing times is 6 times, and the first supporting sheet and the second supporting sheet are welded to form a welding joint. The laser scanning area of the galvanometer laser system is rectangular; the laser scanning path of the galvanometer laser system is scanning perpendicular to the direction of the welding seam.
Referring to the attached figure 4, the brazing filler metal is preset in the area to be welded of the resistor component of the temperature receiver, the galvanometer laser system is adjusted, and welding is carried out by adopting the welding parameters, so that the brazing filler metal fully wets the base metal to be welded, the forming is good, no obvious appearance defect exists, the deformation of the joint base metal is small, and the assembly precision can be greatly guaranteed. In addition, because the base metal and the brazing filler metal to be welded are loaded in a preset mode in the welding process, the uncertainty caused by manual operation is greatly reduced, and the welding efficiency and quality are effectively improved. The invention enables welding of high quality temperature receiver resistor components.
Example 3
The temperature receiver resistor component in the embodiment is made of stainless steel, the areas to be welded are the connecting bush and the second supporting sheet, the thicknesses of the connecting bush and the second supporting sheet are 0.5mm and 0.2mm respectively, and the wall thickness of the connecting bush is 10mm; the length of the welding line is 10mm, and the brazing filler metal is silver-copper-zinc-cadmium brazing filler metal.
Firstly, cleaning and wiping the resistor parts of the temperature receiver to be welded and the sheared solder by using acetone. And clamping the temperature receiver resistor part on a clamp, enabling the to-be-connected area to be vertically upward, cutting the brazing filler metal with the length of 10mm, and placing the brazing filler metal in the to-be-welded area so that the brazing filler metal is in contact with base metals on two sides of the to-be-welded area. Adjusting a laser scanning area and a path of a galvanometer laser system, wherein the laser scanning area of the galvanometer laser system is rectangular; the laser scanning path of the galvanometer laser system is scanning in a direction vertical to the welding seam; with its scan area covering the contact area of the assembled temperature receiver resistor components and the sheared solder. And setting the welding parameters of the galvanometer laser scanning system, and setting the working mode of the galvanometer laser scanning system to be a continuous working mode, wherein the working mode is a continuous CW working mode, the welding power is 56W, the welding speed is 800mm/s, the defocusing amount is +30mm, the processing times are 15 times, and the connection of the connecting bush and the second support sheet is completed.
Referring to fig. 5, in this embodiment, the joint length is shorter and heat accumulation is easier to occur compared to embodiment 2, so that a higher welding speed and a larger number of scans are used to ensure sufficient melting of the solder in order to improve the welding quality during the parameter adjustment process. The brazing filler metal is preset in an area to be welded of a resistor component of the temperature receiver, a galvanometer laser system is adjusted, welding is carried out by adopting the welding parameters, the brazing filler metal is fully wetted to a base metal to be welded, the forming is good, no obvious appearance defect exists, the deformation of the whole joint is small, and the assembly precision can be greatly guaranteed. In addition, the base metal and the brazing filler metal to be welded are loaded in a preset mode in the welding process, uncertainty caused by manual operation is greatly reduced, and welding efficiency and quality are effectively improved. The method of the invention is adopted to realize the welding of the resistor part of the high-quality temperature receiver.
The connecting method of the galvanometer laser brazing is applied to the temperature receiver resistor part, has good welding effect, realizes the stable clamping function of the clamp and combines the advantages of the galvanometer laser brazing technology, and overcomes the technical resistance that the temperature receiver resistor belongs to thin sheets and is easy to generate large deformation on the welding in the prior art. The fixture, the laser scanning path of the galvanometer laser system and the rectangular scanning area jointly realize the effects of local heating and quick cooling in the welding process, so that the heat distribution of the joint is accurately controlled, the regulation and control of wetting formation and the inhibition of generation of intermetallic compounds are facilitated, the deformation of the joint after welding is extremely small, a high-quality joint with good forming and guaranteed dimensional precision can be obtained, and the qualification rate of resistor parts of the temperature receiver is effectively improved.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments, and it is not necessary, nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all the embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method of connection for galvanometer laser brazing of temperature receiver resistor components, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Clamping a connecting bush of the temperature receiver resistor on a clamp, enabling a part to be connected to be vertically upward, shearing brazing filler metal with a proper length, and placing the brazing filler metal in a region to be welded so as to enable the brazing filler metal to be in contact with base materials on two sides of the region to be welded;
(2) Adjusting a laser scanning area and a laser scanning path of a galvanometer laser system to enable the scanning area to cover the contact length between the area to be welded assembled in the step (1) and the brazing filler metal;
(3) Setting welding parameters of a galvanometer laser scanning system, and welding the resistor part of the temperature receiver to form a welding joint;
(4) Adjusting the position of the resistor component of the temperature receiver, and repeating the operation to complete welding of all welding seams;
the brazing filler metal in the step (1) is in a filamentous shape, the diameter of the brazing filler metal is 0.3-0.5mm, and the shearing length of the brazing filler metal is 10-20mm;
the laser generating source of the galvanometer laser system in the step (2) is an SPI nanosecond laser, the highest average power of the laser generating source reaches 70W, the wavelength of the laser generating source is 1064nm, the laser generating source has two working modes of Pulse and continuous CW, and a galvanometer working platform is carried to realize the programmable planning of the scanning area and the path in the step (2); the welding parameters of the galvanometer laser scanning system in the step (3) comprise a working mode, welding power, welding speed, defocusing amount and processing times, wherein the working mode is a continuous CW working mode, the welding power is 49-56W, the welding speed is 300-800mm/s, the defocusing amount is + 10-30 mm, and the processing times are 5-15 times; the laser scanning area of the galvanometer laser system in the step (2) is rectangular; the laser scanning path of the galvanometer laser system in the step (2) is scanning in a direction vertical to a welding seam, a clamp is used for connection of galvanometer laser brazing of the temperature receiver resistor component, and the clamp comprises a fixed stop block and a movable sliding block; the distance between the movable sliding block and the fixed stop block is the outer diameter of a connecting bush of the temperature receiver resistor component, and the connecting bush is clamped between the fixed stop block and the movable sliding block; the clamp comprises a fixed stop block and a movable sliding block; the distance between the movable slider and the fixed stopper is the outer diameter of a connecting bush of the temperature receiver resistor component, and the connecting bush is clamped between the fixed stopper and the movable slider.
2. The connection method for galvanometer laser brazing of temperature receiver resistor components according to claim 1, wherein the portions to be connected comprise a connection bush, a first support sheet, a second support sheet; the second supporting sheet is vertically welded with the first supporting sheet; and the first supporting sheet and the second supporting sheet are vertically welded with the end face of the connecting bush.
3. A method of connection for galvanometer laser brazing of temperature receiver resistor components according to claim 2, characterized in that the pitch of the scanning path is 0.03-0.05mm.
4. A method of connection for galvanometer laser brazing of temperature receiver resistor components according to claim 3, characterized in that said second support sheet is between 0.1-0.2mm thick, said first support sheet is between 0.3-0.5mm thick and said connection bushing wall thickness is between 0.5-1 mm.
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| CN110421223A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-08 | 新疆大学 | Using titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal laser method for welding of copper base solder |
| CN213531218U (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-06-25 | 南京斯比得激光科技有限公司 | Laser-beam welding machine mounting fixture |
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