CN113368619B - Composite air dust removal filter bag and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite air dust removal filter bag and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113368619B CN113368619B CN202110698988.3A CN202110698988A CN113368619B CN 113368619 B CN113368619 B CN 113368619B CN 202110698988 A CN202110698988 A CN 202110698988A CN 113368619 B CN113368619 B CN 113368619B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0001—Making filtering elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0032—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions using electrostatic forces to remove particles, e.g. electret filters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/02—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials
- B01D2239/0216—Bicomponent or multicomponent fibres
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite air dust-removing filter bag and a preparation method thereof, comprising 4 steps of preparing pyrrole-based polystyrene, preparing pyrrole-based polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide, preparing spinning solution and preparing the air dust-removing filter bag, the invention reduces the diameter of precursor fiber by modifying the precursor fiber of the filter bag, simultaneously introduces pyrrole-based functional groups on the polystyrene, enriches the self structure of the fiber, simultaneously uniformly loads the nano silicon dioxide in a matrix through cross-linking reaction, not only can effectively inhibit the occurrence of macropores during superposition, but also can reduce network gaps formed by free crossing of the fiber, thereby achieving the purpose of inhibiting the flow of PM2.5 particles, in addition, the silicon dioxide is a good inorganic electret material, can store space charge and dipole moment charge for a long time, and a non-woven material prepared by using the silicon dioxide can stably maintain static charge for a long time, the charged dust particles are filtered through electrostatic adsorption, and the filtering performance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dust removal filter bag preparation, in particular to a composite air dust removal filter bag and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, air pollution is very serious in China, large-area haze events frequently occur, normal life of people is seriously influenced, and the frequently-occurring haze weather also draws wide attention at home and abroad. The main component in the haze is PM2.5, and the fine particles have great harm to human bodies, can directly enter bronchus through the breath of people, and are absorbed by the human bodies to cause a plurality of diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, pneumoconiosis, cardiovascular diseases and the like. Meanwhile, PM2.5 contains a plurality of soluble particles, such as sulfate, nitrate, ammonium salt, organic acid salt and the like, which have strong water absorption, and the soluble particles can easily absorb moisture to form a dust-haze weather. Such weather severely reduces the visibility of the air, which can lead to traffic accidents, resulting in casualties and property damage.
Patent document CN103505942A discloses a nanofiber filter material prepared by a melt-blowing method, which details the advantages of nanofibers in filtering small particle dust, but the prepared material cannot be used at high temperature for a long time, and the material has low strength, and cannot withstand multiple high-pressure pulse cleaning. Patent document CN101795747A describes an air filter material containing nanofibers, which details the feasibility of preparing a high-efficiency low-resistance filter material, but the nanofiber layer of the filter material has a poor protective effect, cannot automatically clean ash, and has poor repeated continuous usability. CN102527158A describes a high temperature resistant filter material, which uses polyphenylene sulfide or polytetrafluoroethylene nanofiber, but the prepared material has larger pores and lower filtering efficiency on small particle dust.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a composite air dust removal filter bag and a preparation method thereof, and solves the technical problems of low efficiency and low strength of the traditional filter material for filtering small-particle dust.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a composite air dust removal filter bag comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of pyrrolyl polystyrene: adding styrene and 1- (4-vinylbenzyl) pyrrolidine into a hexane solvent, stirring for dissolving, then adding tetramethylethylenediamine and n-butyllithium for reaction, adding ethanol into the solvent after the reaction is finished, and evaporating the solvent to dryness to obtain pyrrolyl polystyrene;
(2) preparing pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide: dissolving the pyrrolyl polystyrene obtained in the step (1) in carbon tetrachloride, adding nano-silica, performing ultrasonic dispersion uniformly, adding aluminum chloride to perform a crosslinking reaction, and after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano-silica;
(3) preparing a spinning solution: adding polyester fiber, pyrrole-based polystyrene coated nano-silica, inorganic binder, organic binder, dispersant, curing agent and coupling agent into deionized water, and uniformly stirring at constant temperature to obtain spinning solution;
(4) preparing an air dust removal filter bag: and injecting the spinning solution into an injector with a metal needle head, carrying out electrostatic spinning, and then weaving into a dust removal filter bag.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the styrene to the 1- (4-vinylbenzyl) pyrrolidine to the tetramethylethylenediamine to the n-butyllithium is 100:15-40:30-40: 18-22.
Preferably, the reaction temperature is 50-80 ℃ and the reaction time is 2-3 h.
Preferably, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the pyrrolyl polystyrene to the carbon tetrachloride to the nano-silica to the aluminum chloride is 100: 800-.
Preferably, in the step (2), the temperature of the crosslinking reaction is 75-90 ℃, and the reaction time is 18-36 h.
Preferably, in the step (3), the mass ratio of the polyester fiber, the pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano-silica, the inorganic bonding agent, the organic binder, the dispersing agent, the curing agent, the coupling agent and the water is 25-40:20-40:20-40:30-50:2-8:5-8:1-3: 100.
Preferably, in the step (3), the inorganic binder is tetraethoxysilane, the organic binder includes at least one of methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and starch, the dispersant is polydimethylsiloxane, the curing agent is isocyanate, and the coupling agent is at least one of KH-560, KH-590, Si-602 and Si-780.
Preferably, in the step (3), the temperature of constant-temperature stirring is 80-100 ℃, and the time of constant-temperature stirring is 120-180 min.
Preferably, in the step (4), the spinning voltage is +20.5kV, the distance from the needle head to the receiving plate is 15cm, and the spinning time is 90-120 min.
The invention also provides the composite air dust removal filter bag prepared by the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a composite air dust-removing filter bag and a preparation method thereof, the diameter of precursor fibers is reduced by modifying precursor fibers of the filter bag, meanwhile, pyrrole-based functional groups are introduced on polystyrene, the self structure of the fibers is enriched, and meanwhile, nano silicon dioxide is uniformly loaded in a matrix through a crosslinking reaction, so that the occurrence of large pores during superposition can be effectively inhibited, and network gaps formed by free crossing of the fibers can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of inhibiting the flow of PM2.5 particles.
(2) The invention provides a composite air dust removal filter bag and a preparation method thereof, wherein a multi-level fiber cross structure is formed by blending polyester fibers and pyrrole-based polystyrene coated nano-silica double fibers, so that the space stacking structure of the fibers is more complex, nano-silica powder can more easily form a micron-nano secondary coarse structure, and the structure has good hydrophobicity, so that the blended yarn has more excellent strength.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the chemical reagents involved in the present invention are commercially available.
Example 1
A preparation method of a composite air dust removal filter bag comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of pyrrolyl polystyrene: adding 100g of styrene and 15g of 1- (4-vinylbenzyl) pyrrolidine into 200g of hexane solvent, stirring for dissolving, then adding 30g of tetramethylethylenediamine and 18g of n-butyllithium, reacting for 2 hours at 50 ℃, adding ethanol into the solvent after the reaction is finished, and evaporating the solvent to dryness to obtain the pyrrolyl polystyrene;
(2) preparing pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide: dissolving 100g of pyrrolyl polystyrene obtained in the step (1) in 800g of carbon tetrachloride, adding 180g of nano-silica, uniformly dispersing by using ultrasonic waves, adding 60g of aluminum chloride, reacting at 80 ℃ for 18h, and after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano-silica;
(3) preparing a spinning solution: adding 25g of polyester fiber, 20g of pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide, 20g of tetraethoxysilane, 30g of methyl cellulose, 2g of polydimethylsiloxane, 5g of isocyanate and 1gKH-560 into 100g of deionized water, and placing the mixture into a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer to stir at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 120min to obtain spinning solution;
(4) preparing an air dust removal filter bag: and (2) injecting the spinning solution into an injector with a metal needle, performing electrostatic spinning by using an electrostatic spinning machine, setting the spinning voltage to be +20.5kV, setting the distance between the needle and a receiving plate to be 15cm, covering aluminum foil on the surface of the receiving plate, and weaving the air dust removal filter bag after the environment room temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 30% and the spinning time is 90 min.
Example 2
A preparation method of a composite air dust removal filter bag comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of pyrrolyl polystyrene: adding 100g of styrene and 25g of 1- (4-vinylbenzyl) pyrrolidine into 200g of hexane solvent, stirring for dissolving, then adding 38g of tetramethylethylenediamine and 20g of n-butyllithium, reacting for 2 hours at 60 ℃, adding ethanol into the solvent after the reaction is finished, and evaporating the solvent to dryness to obtain the pyrrolyl polystyrene;
(2) preparing pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide: dissolving 100g of pyrrolyl polystyrene obtained in the step (1) in 1000g of carbon tetrachloride, adding 200g of nano-silica, uniformly dispersing by using ultrasonic waves, adding 60g of aluminum chloride, reacting at 85 ℃ for 18h, and after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano-silica;
(3) preparing a spinning solution: adding 30g of polyester fiber, 25g of pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide, 25g of tetraethoxysilane, 25g of methyl cellulose, 4g of polydimethylsiloxane, 6g of isocyanate and 1gKH-560 into 100g of deionized water, and placing the mixture into a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer to stir at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 120min to obtain spinning solution;
(4) preparing an air dust removal filter bag: and (2) injecting the spinning solution into an injector with a metal needle, performing electrostatic spinning by using an electrostatic spinning machine, setting the spinning voltage to be +20.5kV, setting the distance between the needle and a receiving plate to be 15cm, covering aluminum foil on the surface of the receiving plate, and weaving the air dust removal filter bag after the environment room temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 30% and the spinning time is 90 min.
Example 3
A preparation method of a composite air dust removal filter bag comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of pyrrolyl polystyrene: adding 100g of styrene and 30g of 1- (4-vinylbenzyl) pyrrolidine into 200g of hexane solvent, stirring for dissolving, then adding 36g of tetramethylethylenediamine and 18g of n-butyllithium, reacting for 2 hours at 80 ℃, adding ethanol into the solvent after the reaction is finished, and evaporating the solvent to dryness to obtain the pyrrolyl polystyrene;
(2) preparing pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide: dissolving 100g of pyrrolyl polystyrene obtained in the step (1) in 1100g of carbon tetrachloride, adding 210g of nano-silica, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, adding 65g of aluminum chloride, reacting at 85 ℃ for 20h, and after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano-silica;
(3) preparing a spinning solution: adding 35g of polyester fiber, 30g of pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide, 35g of tetraethoxysilane, 25g of starch, 4g of polydimethylsiloxane, 6g of isocyanate and 2gKH-560 into 100g of deionized water, and placing the mixture into a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer to stir at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 120min to obtain spinning solution;
(4) preparing an air dust removal filter bag: and (2) injecting the spinning solution into an injector with a metal needle, performing electrostatic spinning by using an electrostatic spinning machine, setting the spinning voltage to be +20.5kV, setting the distance between the needle and a receiving plate to be 15cm, covering aluminum foil on the surface of the receiving plate, and weaving the air dust removal filter bag after the environment room temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 30% and the spinning time is 90 min.
Example 4
A preparation method of a composite air dust removal filter bag comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of pyrrolyl polystyrene: adding 100g of styrene and 40g of 1- (4-vinylbenzyl) pyrrolidine into 200g of hexane solvent, stirring for dissolving, then adding 35g of tetramethylethylenediamine and 21g of n-butyllithium, reacting for 2 hours at 75 ℃, adding ethanol into the solvent after the reaction is finished, and evaporating the solvent to dryness to obtain the pyrrolyl polystyrene;
(2) preparing pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide: dissolving 100g of pyrrolyl polystyrene obtained in the step (1) in 1200g of carbon tetrachloride, adding 240g of nano-silica, performing ultrasonic dispersion uniformly, adding 75g of aluminum chloride, reacting at 90 ℃ for 36h, and after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano-silica;
(3) preparing a spinning solution: adding 35g of polyester fiber, 35g of pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide, 35g of tetraethoxysilane, 25g of polyvinyl alcohol, 6g of polydimethylsiloxane, 6g of isocyanate and 2gKH-560 into 100g of deionized water, and placing the mixture into a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer to stir at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 120min to obtain spinning solution;
(4) preparing an air dust removal filter bag: and (2) injecting the spinning solution into an injector with a metal needle, performing electrostatic spinning by using an electrostatic spinning machine, setting the spinning voltage to be +20.5kV, setting the distance between the needle and a receiving plate to be 15cm, covering aluminum foil on the surface of the receiving plate, and weaving the air dust removal filter bag after the environment room temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 30% and the spinning time is 90 min.
Example 5
A preparation method of a composite air dust removal filter bag comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of pyrrolyl polystyrene: adding 100g of styrene and 38g of 1- (4-vinylbenzyl) pyrrolidine into 200g of hexane solvent, stirring for dissolving, then adding 38g of tetramethylethylenediamine and 20g of n-butyllithium, reacting for 2 hours at 50 ℃, adding ethanol into the solvent after the reaction is finished, and evaporating the solvent to dryness to obtain the pyrrolyl polystyrene;
(2) preparing pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide: dissolving 100g of pyrrolyl polystyrene obtained in the step (1) in 1200g of carbon tetrachloride, adding 200g of nano-silica, uniformly dispersing by using ultrasonic waves, adding 80g of aluminum chloride, reacting at 85 ℃ for 32 hours, and after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano-silica;
(3) preparing a spinning solution: adding 40g of polyester fiber, 40g of pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide, 40g of tetraethoxysilane, 25g of polyvinyl alcohol, 8g of polydimethylsiloxane, 8g of isocyanate and 2gKH-560 into 100g of deionized water, and placing the mixture into a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer to stir at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 120min to obtain spinning solution;
(4) preparing an air dust removal filter bag: and (2) injecting the spinning solution into an injector with a metal needle, performing electrostatic spinning by using an electrostatic spinning machine, setting the spinning voltage to be +20.5kV, setting the distance between the needle and a receiving plate to be 15cm, covering aluminum foil on the surface of the receiving plate, and weaving the air dust removal filter bag after the environment room temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 30% and the spinning time is 90 min.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of an air dust removal filter bag comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a spinning solution: adding 40g of polyester fiber, 40g of tetraethoxysilane, 25g of polyvinyl alcohol, 8g of polydimethylsiloxane, 8g of isocyanate and 2gKH-560 into 100g of deionized water, and placing the mixture in a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer to stir at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 120min to obtain spinning solution;
(2) preparing an air dust removal filter bag: and (2) injecting the spinning solution into an injector with a metal needle, performing electrostatic spinning by using an electrostatic spinning machine, setting the spinning voltage to be +20.5kV, setting the distance between the needle and a receiving plate to be 15cm, covering aluminum foil on the surface of the receiving plate, and weaving the air dust removal filter bag after the environment room temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 30% and the spinning time is 90 min.
The dust filter bags prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative example 1 were tested for PM2.5 removal rate, and the specific steps were: the smoke containing PM2.5 components in the artificial smoke box is sucked into a pipeline, the gas flow and the mass concentration of particulate matters are controlled by a flowmeter, then the PM2.5 mass concentration in the smoke is tested by a PM2.5 tester, the PM2.5 mass concentration in the smoke is tested again after the smoke passes through a filter bag, the removal rate is calculated, and the experimental results are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the table, the dust filter bags prepared in examples 1 to 4 have a good effect of removing PM2.5 in smoke, and the removal rate of PM2.5 is obviously reduced without adding the pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silica in comparative example 1, which indicates that the pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silica added in this example has a good adsorption effect on PM 2.5.
Finally, it is to be noted that: the above examples do not limit the invention in any way. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made to the present invention. Accordingly, any modification or improvement made without departing from the spirit of the present invention is within the scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a composite air dust removal filter bag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of pyrrolyl polystyrene: adding styrene and 1- (4-vinylbenzyl) pyrrolidine into a hexane solvent, stirring for dissolving, then adding tetramethylethylenediamine and n-butyllithium for reaction, adding ethanol into the solvent after the reaction is finished, and evaporating the solvent to dryness to obtain pyrrolyl polystyrene;
(2) preparing pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silicon dioxide: dissolving the pyrrolyl polystyrene obtained in the step (1) in carbon tetrachloride, adding nano-silica, performing ultrasonic dispersion uniformly, adding aluminum chloride to perform a crosslinking reaction, and after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano-silica;
(3) preparing a spinning solution: adding polyester fiber, pyrrole-based polystyrene coated nano-silica, inorganic binder, organic binder, dispersant, curing agent and coupling agent into deionized water, and uniformly stirring at constant temperature to obtain spinning solution;
(4) preparing an air dust removal filter bag: and injecting the spinning solution into an injector with a metal needle head, carrying out electrostatic spinning, and then weaving into a dust removal filter bag.
2. The method for preparing a composite air dust filter bag according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of styrene, 1- (4-vinylbenzyl) pyrrolidine, tetramethylethylenediamine and n-butyllithium is 100:15-40:30-40: 18-22.
3. The method for manufacturing a composite air dust filter bag according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the reaction temperature is 50-80 ℃ and the reaction time is 2-3 h.
4. The preparation method of the composite air dust filter bag according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of the pyrrolyl polystyrene to the carbon tetrachloride to the nano-silica to the aluminum chloride is 100:800-1200:180-250: 60-80.
5. The method for manufacturing a composite air dust filter bag according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of the cross-linking reaction is 75-90 ℃ and the reaction time is 18-36 h.
6. The preparation method of the combined type air dust removal filter bag according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the mass ratio of the polyester fiber, the pyrrolyl polystyrene coated nano silica, the inorganic bonding agent, the organic binder, the dispersing agent, the curing agent, the coupling agent and the water is 25-40:20-40:20-40:30-50:2-8:5-8:1-3: 100.
7. The method for preparing a composite air dust filter bag according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the inorganic binder is tetraethoxysilane, the organic binder comprises at least one of methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and starch, the dispersant is polydimethylsiloxane, the curing agent is isocyanate, and the coupling agent is at least one of KH-560, KH-590, Si-602 and Si-780.
8. The method for preparing a composite air dust filter bag according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the temperature of constant temperature stirring is 80-100 ℃, and the time of constant temperature stirring is 120-180 min.
9. The method for preparing a composite air dust filter bag according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the spinning voltage is +20.5kV, the distance from the needle head to the receiving plate is 15cm, and the spinning time is 90-120 min.
10. A composite air dust filter bag, characterized in that it is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN106925033A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-07 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of composite nano fiber PM2.5 filtering materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN111266024A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-12 | 雅邦绿色过程与新材料研究院南京有限公司 | Preparation method and application of grafted dendritic polymer electrostatic spinning nanofiber membrane oil-water separation material |
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| US3346444A (en) * | 1964-08-24 | 1967-10-10 | Gen Electric | Electrically conductive polymers and process of producing the same |
| CN107413115A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-12-01 | 孝感双华应用科技开发有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of nanometer of filtrate |
| CN108866673B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2022-01-18 | 泽塔纳米科技（苏州）有限公司 | Anti-haze fiber with photocatalytic effect and preparation method thereof |
| CN109730378B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-11-23 | 青岛军融创新工程研究院有限公司 | PM2.5 protective mask with electrostatic spinning film and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106925033A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-07 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of composite nano fiber PM2.5 filtering materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN111266024A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-12 | 雅邦绿色过程与新材料研究院南京有限公司 | Preparation method and application of grafted dendritic polymer electrostatic spinning nanofiber membrane oil-water separation material |
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