CN113366200B - Vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, vehicle and method - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, vehicle and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113366200B
CN113366200B CN201980069652.1A CN201980069652A CN113366200B CN 113366200 B CN113366200 B CN 113366200B CN 201980069652 A CN201980069652 A CN 201980069652A CN 113366200 B CN113366200 B CN 113366200B
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China
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electric field
anode
cathode
air
dust removal
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CN113366200A (en
Inventor
唐万福
段志军
邹永安
奚勇
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Shanghai Bixiufu Enterprise Management Co Ltd
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Shanghai Bixiufu Enterprise Management Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from PCT/CN2019/112152 external-priority patent/WO2020083175A1/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

An on-board exhaust and air dust removal system includes an exhaust inlet, an air inlet, and an electric field device (1021). The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system can simultaneously purify tail gas and imported air.

Description

Vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, vehicle and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and relates to a vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, a vehicle and a method.
Background
There is a large amount of particulate matter in the engine exhaust, so the particulate matter in the engine exhaust needs to be filtered.
In the prior art, particulate matter filtration is typically performed by means of a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF). Wherein, DPF works in combustion mode, namely, the DPF is burnt in natural or combustion-supporting mode after the temperature rises to the ignition point after being fully blocked in the porous structure by utilizing carbon deposit. Specifically, the operating principle of the DPF is as follows: the intake air with particulate matter enters the honeycomb carrier of the DPF where the particulate matter is intercepted and most of the particulate matter has been filtered out when the intake air flows out of the DPF. The carrier materials of the DPF are mainly cordierite, silicon carbide, aluminum titanate and the like, and can be specifically selected according to actual conditions. However, the above manner stores the following drawbacks:
(1) Regeneration is needed after the DPF captures particulate matters to a certain extent, otherwise, the back pressure of the exhaust gas of the engine rises, the working state is deteriorated, the performance and the oil consumption are seriously affected, and the DPF is blocked, so that the engine cannot work. Therefore, the DPF requires periodic maintenance and catalyst addition. Even with regular maintenance, the accumulation of particulate matter limits exhaust flow, thus increasing backpressure, which can affect engine performance and fuel consumption.
(2) The DPF has unstable dust removal effect and poor dust removal effect, and can not meet the latest filtering requirement of engine tail gas treatment.
In addition, for some pollution areas, the content of particulate matters in the air is higher, the air quality is poor, and some devices are required to filter the particulate matters in the air, so that the aim of purifying the air is fulfilled. Therefore, there is a need for a technical breakthrough that simultaneously satisfies the purification of engine exhaust and air.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, a vehicle and a method, which have good tail gas dust removal effect and can remove dust from air at the same time.
In some examples provided by the invention, the tail gas cooling device is arranged in the vehicle-mounted tail gas dust removal system, the tail gas is supplemented with air to cool the tail gas, and meanwhile, the air can be purified by controlling the air quantity, so that the air can be purified simultaneously without independently arranging an air purification system.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides the following examples:
1. example 1 provided by the present invention: an on-board exhaust and air dust removal system, comprising:
a tail gas inlet;
an air inlet;
the electric field device comprises an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, wherein the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are used for generating an ionization electric field;
in the course of the operation of the machine,
the tail gas and the air respectively enter the dust removing system through the tail gas inlet and the air inlet,
the tail gas and air enter the electric field device through the electric field device inlet,
the tail gas and the air are subjected to dust removal and purification through the ionization electric field,
the tail gas and air flow out of the electric field device outlet.
2. Example 2 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of example 1 was included, wherein the weight of the air introduced was 50% to 300% of the weight of the exhaust.
3. Example 3 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of example 1 was included, wherein the weight of the air introduced was 100% to 180% of the weight of the exhaust.
4. Example 4 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of example 1 was included, wherein the weight of the air introduced was 120% to 150% of the weight of the exhaust.
5. Example 5 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of example 1 was included, wherein the weight of the air introduced was 300% or more of the weight of the exhaust.
6. Example 6 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 5, wherein the electric field anode comprises a first anode portion and a second anode portion, the first anode portion is adjacent to the electric field device inlet, the second anode portion is adjacent to the electric field device outlet, and at least one cathode support plate is disposed between the first anode portion and the second anode portion.
7. Example 7 provided by the present invention: including the on-vehicle tail gas and air dust pelletizing system of example 6, wherein, electric field device still includes insulating mechanism for realize the insulation between negative pole backup pad and the electric field positive pole.
8. Example 8 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system of example 7 is included, wherein an electric field flow channel is formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and the insulation mechanism is arranged outside the electric field flow channel.
9. Example 9 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system of example 7 or 8, wherein the insulation mechanism includes an insulation portion and a heat insulation portion; the insulating part is made of ceramic material or glass material.
10. Example 10 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system of example 9 is included, wherein the insulating part is an umbrella-shaped string ceramic column, an umbrella-shaped string glass column, a columnar string ceramic column or a columnar glass column, and glaze is hung inside and outside an umbrella or inside and outside the column.
11. Example 11 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system of example 10 is included, wherein the distance between the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column and the electric field anode is 1.4 times greater than the electric field distance, the sum of the distance between the umbrella flanges of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column is 1.4 times greater than the insulation distance between the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column, and the total depth inside the umbrella edges of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column is 1.4 times greater than the insulation distance between the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column.
12. Example 12 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 6 to 11, wherein the length of the first anode portion is 1/10 to 1/4, 1/4 to 1/3, 1/3 to 1/2, 1/2 to 2/3, 2/3 to 3/4, or 3/4 to 9/10 of the electric field anode length.
13. Example 13 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 6 to 12, wherein a length of the first anode portion is long enough to remove part of dust, reduce dust accumulated on the insulating mechanism and the cathode support plate, and reduce electrical breakdown caused by dust.
14. Example 14 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 6 to 13, wherein the second anode portion includes a dust accumulation section and a reserved dust accumulation section.
15. Example 15 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 14, wherein the electric field cathode includes at least one electrode rod.
16. Example 16 provided by the present invention: the on-board exhaust and air dust removal system of example 15, wherein the electrode rod is no greater than 3mm in diameter.
17. Example 17 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system of example 15 or 16, wherein the electrode rod has a needle shape, a polygonal shape, a burr shape, a screw rod shape, or a columnar shape.
18. Example 18 provided by the present invention: comprising the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 17, wherein the electric field anode is comprised of a hollow tube bundle.
19. Example 19 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 18, wherein the hollow cross section of the electric field anode tube bundle is circular or polygonal.
20. Example 20 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 19, wherein the polygon is a hexagon.
21. Example 21 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 18 to 20, wherein the tube bundles of the electric field anodes are honeycomb-shaped.
22. Example 22 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 21, wherein the electric field cathode is perforated within the electric field anode.
23. Example 23 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system according to any one of examples 1 to 22, wherein the electric field device performs the carbon black removal treatment when electric field dust is deposited to a certain extent.
24. Example 24 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 23, wherein the electric field device detects an electric field current to determine whether dust is deposited to a certain extent, and carbon black removal is required.
25. Example 25 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 23 or 24, wherein the electric field device increases an electric field voltage to perform the carbon black removal treatment.
26. Example 26 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system including example 23 or 24, wherein the electric field device uses an electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to perform carbon black removal treatment.
27. Example 27 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system of example 23 or 24, wherein the electric field device uses an electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to increase voltage and limit injection current, so that the rapid discharge occurring at the carbon deposition position of the anode generates plasma, the plasma deeply oxidizes carbon black organic components, high molecular bonds are broken, and small molecular carbon dioxide and water are formed to perform carbon black removal treatment.
28. Example 28 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 27, wherein the electric field anode length is 10-90mm and the electric field cathode length is 10-90mm.
29. Example 29 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of example 28 was included, wherein the corresponding dust collection efficiency was 99.9% when the electric field temperature was 200 ℃.
30. Example 30 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of example 28 or 29 was included, wherein the corresponding dust collection efficiency was 90% when the electric field temperature was 400 ℃.
31. Example 31 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 28 to 30, wherein when the electric field temperature is 500 ℃, the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 50%.
32. Example 32 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 31, wherein the electric field device further includes an auxiliary electric field unit for generating an auxiliary electric field that is non-parallel to the ionization electric field.
33. Example 33 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 31, wherein the electric field device further comprises an auxiliary electric field unit, the ionization electric field comprising a flow channel, the auxiliary electric field unit for generating an auxiliary electric field that is non-perpendicular to the flow channel.
34. Example 34 provided by the present invention: including the on-board exhaust and air dust removal system of examples 32 or 33, wherein the auxiliary electric field unit includes a first electrode disposed at or near an inlet of the ionization electric field.
35. Example 35 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 34, wherein the first electrode is a cathode.
36. Example 36 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 34 or 35, wherein the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the electric field cathode.
37. Example 37 provided by the present invention: including the on-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 36, wherein the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit has an angle α with the electric field anode of 0 ° < α+.ltoreq.125 °, or 45 ° +.ltoreq.125 °, or 60 ° +.ltoreq.100 °, or α=90°.
38. Example 38 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system comprising any one of examples 32 to 37, wherein the auxiliary electric field unit comprises a second electrode disposed at or near an outlet of the ionization electric field.
39. Example 39 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 38, wherein the second electrode is an anode.
40. Example 40 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of examples 38 or 39, wherein the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the electric field anode.
41. Example 41 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system comprising example 40, wherein the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit has an angle α with the electric field cathode, and 0 ° - α -125 °, or 45 ° - α -125 °, or 60 ° - α -100 °, or α=90°.
42. Example 42 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system including any one of examples 32 to 35, 38 and 39, wherein the electrode of the auxiliary electric field is provided independently of the electrode of the ionization electric field.
43. Example 43 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system comprising any one of examples 1 to 42, wherein a ratio of a dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to a discharge area of the electric field cathode is 1.667:1 to 1680:1.
44. Example 44 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 42, wherein a ratio of a dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to a discharge area of the electric field cathode is 6.67:1 to 56.67:1.
45. Example 45 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 44, wherein the electric field cathode has a diameter of 1-3 millimeters and the electric field anode and the electric field cathode have a pole spacing of 2.5-139.9 millimeters; the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is 1.667:1-1680:1.
46. Example 46 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 44, wherein a pole spacing of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is less than 150mm.
47. Example 47 provided by the present invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any of examples 1-44, wherein the electric field anode and the electric field cathode have a pole spacing of 2.5-139.9mm.
48. Example 48 provided by the present invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 44, wherein a pole spacing of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is 5-100mm.
49. Example 49 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 48, wherein the electric field anode length is 10-180mm.
50. Example 50 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 48, wherein the electric field anode length is 60-180mm.
51. Example 51 provided by the present invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 50, wherein the electric field cathode length is 30-180mm.
52. Example 52 provided by the present invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any of examples 1 to 50, wherein the electric field cathode length is 54-176mm.
53. Example 53 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 43 to 52, wherein the number of coupling times of the ionization electric field is equal to or less than 3 when operating.
54. Example 54 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 32 to 52, wherein the number of coupling of the ionizing electric field is less than or equal to 3 when operating.
55. Example 55 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 54, wherein the ionization electric field voltage has a value ranging from 1kv to 50kv.
56. Example 56 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 55, wherein the electric field device further comprises a number of connection housings through which the series electric field stages are connected.
57. Example 57 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 56, wherein the distance between adjacent electric field levels is greater than 1.4 times the pole spacing.
58. Example 58 provided by the present invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 57, wherein the electric field device further comprises a tail pre-electrode between the electric field device inlet and an ionizing electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode.
59. Example 59 provided by the present invention: including the on-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 58, wherein the pre-electrode is in a dot, line, mesh, kong Banzhuang, plate, needle, ball cage, box, tube, natural form of matter, or processed form of matter.
60. Example 60 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of example 58 or 59, wherein the front electrode is provided with an exhaust through hole.
61. Example 61 provided by the present invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of example 60, wherein the exhaust through holes are polygonal, circular, oval, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, or diamond-shaped.
62. Example 62 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of example 60 or 61, wherein the exhaust vent is 0.1-3 millimeters in size.
63. Example 63 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58 to 62, wherein the front electrode is one or more of a solid, a liquid, a gaseous cluster, or a plasma.
64. Example 64 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58 to 63, wherein the front electrode is a conductive mixed state substance, a living body naturally mixed conductive substance, or an object is manually processed to form a conductive substance.
65. Example 65 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58 to 64, wherein the front electrode is 304 steel or graphite.
66. Example 66 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58 to 64, wherein the front electrode is an ion-containing conductive liquid.
67. Example 67 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58 to 66, wherein, in operation, the front electrode charges contaminants in the gas before the contaminated gas enters the ionised electric field formed by the electric field cathode and the electric field anode and the contaminated gas passes through the front electrode.
68. Example 68 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 67, wherein when the contaminated gas enters the ionization electric field, the electric field anode applies an attractive force to the charged contaminants, causing the contaminants to move toward the electric field anode until the contaminants adhere to the electric field anode.
69. Example 69 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of examples 67 or 68, wherein the front electrode directs electrons into the contaminant, the electrons passing between the contaminant between the front electrode and the electric field anode, charging more of the contaminant.
70. Example 70 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 66-68, wherein electrons are conducted between the front electrode and the electric field anode through contaminants and an electric current is formed.
71. Example 71 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 67 to 70, wherein the front electrode charges the pollutants by contacting the pollutants.
72. Example 72 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 67 to 71, wherein the front electrode charges contaminants by way of energy fluctuations.
73. Example 73 provided by the present invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any of examples 67 to 72, wherein the front electrode is provided with an exhaust through hole.
74. Example 74 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58 to 73, wherein the front electrode is linear and the electric field anode is planar.
75. Example 75 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58-74, wherein the front electrode is perpendicular to the electric field anode.
76. Example 76 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58 to 75, wherein the front electrode is parallel to the electric field anode.
77. Example 77 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58 to 76, wherein the front electrode is curved or arcuate.
78. Example 78 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58 to 77, wherein the front electrode is a wire mesh.
79. Example 79 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58 to 78, wherein a voltage between the front electrode and the electric field anode is different than a voltage between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode.
80. Example 80 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58 to 79, wherein a voltage between the front electrode and the electric field anode is less than an onset corona onset voltage.
81. Example 81 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58 to 80, wherein a voltage between the front electrode and the electric field anode is 0.1kv/mm to 2kv/mm.
82. Example 82 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 58-81, wherein the electric field device comprises an exhaust flow channel in which the front electrode is located; the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the front electrode to the cross-sectional area of the tail gas flow passage is 99% -10%, or 90% -10%, or 80% -20%, or 70% -30%, or 60% -40%, or 50%.
83. Example 83 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 82, wherein the electric field device includes an electret element.
84. Example 84 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 83, wherein the electret element is in the ionizing electric field when the electric field anode and the electric field cathode are powered on.
85. Example 85 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of examples 83 or 84, wherein the electret element is proximate to the electric field device outlet or the electret element is disposed at the electric field device outlet.
86. Example 86 provided by the present invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any of examples 83-85, wherein the electric field anode and the electric field cathode form an exhaust flow channel, the electret element being disposed in the exhaust flow channel.
87. Example 87 provided by the present invention: including example 86, the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dust removal system, wherein the exhaust flow channel includes an exhaust flow channel outlet, and the electret element is proximate to the exhaust flow channel outlet, or the electret element is disposed at the exhaust flow channel outlet.
88. Example 88 provided by the present invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dust removal system comprising examples 86 or 87, wherein the electret element has a cross section in the exhaust gas flow channel that is 5% -100% of the cross section of the exhaust gas flow channel.
89. Example 89 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 88, wherein the electret element has a cross-section in the exhaust gas flow channel that is 10% -90%, 20% -80%, or 40% -60% of the cross-section of the exhaust gas flow channel.
90. Example 90 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 83-89, wherein the ionization electric field charges the electret element.
91. Example 91 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 83 to 90, wherein the electret element has a porous structure.
92. Example 92 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 83-91, wherein the electret element is a fabric.
93. Example 93 provided by the present invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any of examples 83-92, wherein the electric field anode is tubular in interior, the electret element is tubular in exterior, and the electret element is externally sleeved inside the electric field anode.
94. Example 94 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 83 to 93, wherein the electret element is detachably connected to the electric field anode.
95. Example 95 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 83 to 94, wherein the material of the electret element comprises an inorganic compound having electret properties.
96. Example 96 provided by the present invention: including the on-board exhaust and air dust removal system of example 95, wherein the inorganic compound is selected from one or more of an oxygen-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, or a glass fiber.
97. Example 97 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 96, wherein the oxygenate is selected from one or more combinations of metal-based oxides, oxygen-containing complexes, oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salts.
98. Example 98 provided by the present invention: including the on-board exhaust and air dust removal system of example 97, wherein the metal-based oxide is selected from one or more of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, barium oxide, tantalum oxide, silicon oxide, lead oxide, tin oxide, and combinations thereof.
99. Example 99 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 97, wherein the metal-based oxide is aluminum oxide.
100. Example 100 provided by the present invention: including the on-board exhaust and air dust removal system of example 97, wherein the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more combinations of titanium zirconium composite oxide or titanium barium composite oxide.
101. Example 101 provided by the present invention: including the on-board exhaust and air dust removal system of example 97, wherein the oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt is selected from one or more combinations of zirconium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, or barium titanate.
102. Example 102 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 96, wherein the nitrogen-containing compound is silicon nitride.
103. Example 103 provided by the present invention: including the in-vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 83 to 102, wherein the material of the electret element comprises an organic compound having electret properties.
104. Example 104 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 103, wherein the organic compound is selected from one or more of fluoropolymers, polycarbonates, PP, PE, PVC, natural waxes, resins, rosins.
105. Example 105 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 104, wherein the fluoropolymer is selected from one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, soluble polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride.
106. Example 106 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 104, wherein the fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.
107. Example 107 provided by the present invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1-106, further comprising a wind homogenizing device.
108. Example 108 provided by the present invention: including example 107 vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system, wherein the wind-balancing device is between the air inlet, the exhaust inlet, and an ionization electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, when the electric field anode is tetragonal, the wind-balancing device includes: the air inlet pipe is arranged at one side of the electric field anode, and the air outlet pipe is arranged at the other side of the electric field anode; wherein, the intake pipe is opposite with the outlet duct.
109. Example 109 provided by the present invention: including example 107 on-vehicle tail gas and air dust pelletizing system, wherein, the samming device is in between the air inlet the tail gas entry with electric field positive pole with electric field negative pole forms ionization electric field, when electric field positive pole is the cylinder, the samming device comprises a plurality of rotatable samming blades.
110. Example 110 provided by the present invention: including example 107 vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, wherein, the equal wind mechanism of first venturi board of equal wind device with set up in the equal wind mechanism of second venturi board of the end of giving vent to anger of electric field positive pole, the inlet port has been seted up on the equal wind mechanism of first venturi board, the outlet port has been seted up on the equal wind mechanism of second venturi board, the inlet port with the outlet port dislocation is arranged, and the front side of admitting air is given vent to anger, forms cyclone.
111. Example 111 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 110, further comprising a water removal device for removing liquid water prior to the electric field device inlet.
112. Example 112 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system of example 111, wherein the water removal device removes liquid water from the exhaust when the exhaust temperature or the engine temperature is below a certain temperature.
113. Example 113 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 112, wherein the certain temperature is above 90 ℃ and below 100 ℃.
114. Example 114 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 112, wherein the certain temperature is above 80 ℃ and below 90 ℃.
115. Example 115 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of example 112, wherein the certain temperature is 80 ℃ or less.
116. Example 116 provided by the present invention: including examples 111-115 of an on-board exhaust and air dust removal system, wherein the water removal device is an electrocoagulation device.
117. Example 117 provided by the present invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1-116, further comprising an engine.
118. Example 118 provided by the present invention: a vehicle comprising the on-board exhaust and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1-117.
119. Example 119 provided by the present invention: a method of purifying contaminated zone air comprising driving the vehicle of example 118 within a contaminated zone.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an exhaust gas treatment device in an embodiment of a vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an umbrella-shaped insulation mechanism of a tail gas treatment device in a vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3A is a structural diagram of an implementation of a wind homogenizing device of the tail gas treatment device in the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system of the present invention.
Fig. 3B is a structural diagram of another embodiment of a wind equalizing device of the tail gas treating device in the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system of the present invention.
Fig. 3C is a structural diagram of still another embodiment of the air homogenizing device of the tail gas treating device in the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electric field device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of an electric field device according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a top view of the electric field device of fig. 5 according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the electret element of example 3 with the cross section of the exhaust gas flow channel occupying the cross section of the exhaust gas flow channel.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric field generating unit.
Fig. 10 is A-A view of the electric field generating unit of fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is A-A view of the electric field generating unit of fig. 9, labeled length and angle.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an electric field device structure with two electric field levels.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric field device in embodiment 17 of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of an electric field device in embodiment 19 of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of an electric field device in embodiment 20 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the extent that it can be practiced, since modifications, changes in the proportions, or otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, are not intended to be critical to the essential characteristics of the invention, but are intended to fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are intended to provide relative positional changes or modifications without materially altering the technical context in which the invention may be practiced.
The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system is communicated with an outlet of an engine. Exhaust gas discharged by the engine flows through the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and the air dust removal system.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system may include an exhaust inlet, an air inlet, and an electric field device, the electric field device including an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode, and an electric field anode, the electric field cathode and the electric field anode being configured to generate an ionization electric field.
In an embodiment of the invention, the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system comprises a tail gas cooling device, wherein the tail gas cooling device can comprise a fan, the fan can introduce air into the tail gas and has a cooling effect on the tail gas before an inlet of a tail gas electric field device, so that the ionization dust removal efficiency is improved. When the temperature is reduced, the air can be 50 to 300 percent, or 100 to 180 percent, or 120 to 150 percent of the tail gas. When the device is in operation, tail gas and air enter the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system through a tail gas inlet and an air inlet respectively, the tail gas and the air enter the electric field device through an electric field device inlet, the tail gas and the air are subjected to dust removal and purification through an ionization electric field, and the tail gas and the air flow out of an electric field device outlet. Therefore, the vehicle-mounted tail gas and the air dust removal system in the embodiment can simultaneously purify the tail gas and the introduced air, and the effect of purifying the air is achieved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the air introduced into the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system is 50% to 300% of the weight of the exhaust.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the air introduced into the vehicle exhaust gas and air dust removal system is 100% to 180% of the weight of the exhaust gas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the air introduced into the vehicle exhaust gas and air dust removal system is 120% to 150% of the weight of the exhaust gas.
In an embodiment of the invention, the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system is used for air purification, and the weight of the air introduced into the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system is more than 300% of the weight of the tail gas.
In an embodiment of the invention, the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system further includes a water removal device for removing liquid water before the electric field device inlet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature of the exhaust gas or the temperature of the engine is lower than a certain temperature, the exhaust gas of the engine may contain liquid water, and the water removing device removes the liquid water in the exhaust gas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the certain temperature is above 90 ℃ and below 100 ℃.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the certain temperature is above 80 ℃ and below 90 ℃.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the certain temperature is below 80 ℃.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the water removal device is any prior art water removal device.
The following technical problems are not recognized by the person skilled in the art: when the temperature of the tail gas or the engine is low, liquid water exists in the tail gas and is adsorbed on an electric field cathode and an electric field anode to cause nonuniform discharge and ignition of an ionization electric field, and the inventor of the invention finds the problem and proposes that a vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system is provided with a water removing device for removing the liquid water before an inlet of the electric field device, and the liquid water has conductivity and can shorten the ionization distance, so that the ionization electric field discharge is nonuniform and electrode breakdown is easy to cause. When the engine is started in a cold mode, water drops, namely liquid water, in the tail gas are removed before the tail gas enters the inlet of the electric field device, so that the water drops, namely liquid water, in the tail gas are reduced, the discharge unevenness of an ionization electric field and the breakdown of an electric field cathode and an electric field anode are reduced, the ionization dust removal efficiency is improved, and unexpected technical effects are achieved. The water removal device is not particularly limited, and the invention is applicable to the removal of liquid water in tail gas in the prior art.
In an embodiment of the invention, the vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system further comprises an engine.
In an embodiment of the invention, the vehicle tail gas and air dust removal system may include a wind equalizing device. In an embodiment of the invention, the air equalizing device is arranged in front of the electric field device, so that air flow entering the electric field device can uniformly pass through.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the wind equalizing device is between the air inlet and the tail gas inlet and an ionization electric field formed by an electric field anode and an electric field cathode, and when the electric field anode is tetragonal, the wind equalizing device includes: the air inlet pipe is arranged at one side of the electric field anode, and the air outlet pipe is arranged at the other side of the electric field anode; wherein, the air inlet pipe is opposite to the air outlet pipe.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the air equalizing device is between the air inlet and the tail gas inlet and the ionization electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and when the electric field anode is a cylinder, the air equalizing device is composed of a plurality of rotatable air equalizing blades.
In an embodiment of the invention, the air equalizing device comprises a first Venturi plate air equalizing mechanism and a second Venturi plate air equalizing mechanism arranged at an air outlet end of an electric field anode, wherein an air inlet hole is formed in the first Venturi plate air equalizing mechanism, air outlet holes are formed in the second Venturi plate air equalizing mechanism, the air inlet holes and the air outlet holes are arranged in a staggered mode, and air is discharged from the front air inlet side face to form a cyclone structure.
In an embodiment of the present invention, an electric field anode of the electric field device may be a cube, and the air equalizing device may include an air inlet pipe located at one side of the cathode support plate, and an air outlet pipe located at the other side of the cathode support plate, where the cathode support plate is located at an air inlet end of the electric field anode; wherein, the side of installation intake pipe is opposite with the side of installation outlet duct. The air homogenizing device can make the tail gas and air entering the electric field device uniformly pass through the electrostatic field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode may be a cylinder, and the wind-equalizing device is located between the air inlet, the tail gas inlet, and an ionization electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and the wind-equalizing device includes a plurality of wind-equalizing blades rotating around a center of the inlet of the electric field device. The air homogenizing device can enable various variable air inflow to uniformly pass through an electric field generated by the electric field anode, and meanwhile, the internal temperature of the electric field anode can be kept constant, and oxygen is sufficient. The air homogenizing device can make the tail gas and air entering the electric field device uniformly pass through the electrostatic field.
In an embodiment of the invention, the air equalizing device comprises an air inlet plate arranged at the air inlet end of the electric field anode and an air outlet plate arranged at the air outlet end of the electric field anode, wherein the air inlet plate is provided with an air inlet hole, the air outlet plate is provided with air outlet holes, the air inlet holes and the air outlet holes are arranged in a staggered manner, and the air inlet and the air outlet on the front side form a cyclone structure. The air homogenizing device can make the tail gas and air entering the electric field device uniformly pass through the electrostatic field.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electric field device includes a pre-electrode between the inlet of the electric field device and an ionizing electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode. As the gas flows through the front electrode from the electric field device inlet, particulate matter and the like in the gas will become charged.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the pre-electrode may be point-like, linear, mesh-like, kong Banzhuang, plate-like, needle-like, ball-cage-like, box-like, tubular, natural, or processed. When the front electrode is of a porous structure, one or more tail gas through holes are arranged on the front electrode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the vent hole may be polygonal, circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, trapezoid, or diamond. In one embodiment of the present invention, the profile of the vent hole may be 0.1-3 mm, 0.1-0.2 mm, 0.2-0.5 mm, 0.5-1 mm, 1-1.2 mm, 1.2-1.5 mm, 1.5-2 mm, 2-2.5 mm, 2.5-2.8 mm, or 2.8-3 mm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the form of the pre-electrode may be one or more of solid, liquid, gas clusters, plasma, conductive mixed state substances, natural mixed conductive substances of living bodies, or artificial processing of the objects to form the conductive substances. Where the front electrode is solid, a solid metal such as 304 steel, or other solid conductor such as graphite, etc. may be used. When the front electrode is a liquid, it may be an ion-containing conductive liquid.
In operation, the pre-electrode charges contaminants in the gas before the contaminated gas enters the ionised electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode and as the contaminated gas passes through the pre-electrode. When the contaminant-laden gas enters the ionization electric field, the electric field anode applies an attractive force to the charged contaminant, causing the contaminant to move toward the electric field anode until the contaminant adheres to the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the invention, the pre-electrode directs electrons into the contaminant, which transfer between the contaminant between the pre-electrode and the electric field anode, charging more of the contaminant. Electrons are conducted between the front electrode and the electric field anode through the contaminants and form an electric current.
In one embodiment of the invention the pre-electrode charges the contaminant by contacting the contaminant. In one embodiment of the invention the pre-electrode charges the contaminants by means of energy fluctuations. In one embodiment of the invention the pre-electrode transfers electrons to the contaminant by contact with the contaminant and charges the contaminant. In one embodiment of the invention the pre-electrode transfers electrons to the contaminant by way of energy fluctuations and charges the contaminant.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the front electrode is linear and the electric field anode is planar. In one embodiment of the invention the front electrode is perpendicular to the electric field anode. In one embodiment of the invention the pre-electrode is parallel to the electric field anode. In one embodiment of the present invention, the front electrode is curved or arc-shaped. In one embodiment of the invention, the pre-electrode is a wire mesh. In one embodiment of the present invention, the voltage between the front electrode and the electric field anode is different from the voltage between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. In one embodiment of the invention the voltage between the front electrode and the electric field anode is less than the onset corona onset voltage. The onset corona onset voltage is the minimum value of the voltage between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. In one embodiment of the invention the voltage between the front electrode and the electric field anode may be 0.1-2kv/mm.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field device includes an exhaust flow channel, and the front electrode is located in the exhaust flow channel. The exhaust gas flow path is also referred to as the first stage flow path. In one embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the front electrode to the cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas flow channel is 99% to 10%, or 90% to 10%, or 80% to 20%, or 70% to 30%, or 60% to 40%, or 50%. The cross-sectional area of the pre-electrode refers to the sum of the areas of the pre-electrode along the solid portion of the cross-section. In one embodiment of the invention the front electrode is negatively charged.
In an embodiment of the invention, when the tail gas flows into the tail gas flow channel through the inlet of the electric field device, pollutants such as metal dust, fog drops or aerosol with stronger conductivity in the tail gas are directly negatively charged when contacting with the front electrode or reaching a certain range with the front electrode, then all the pollutants enter the ionization electric field along with the airflow, the electric field anode applies attractive force to the negatively charged metal dust, fog drops or aerosol and the like, so that the negatively charged pollutants move to the electric field anode until the part of the pollutants are attached to the electric field anode, the part of the pollutants are collected, meanwhile, the ionization electric field formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode obtains oxygen ions through oxygen in ionized gas, and after the oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with common dust, the common dust is negatively charged, the electric field anode applies attractive force to the part of the negatively charged pollutants such as dust, and the pollutants such as dust move to the electric field anode until the part of the pollutants are attached to the electric field anode, the common dust and the like are also collected, so that the pollutants with stronger conductivity and weaker conductivity in the tail gas anode are collected, the tail gas can be collected more widely, and the pollutants can be collected more efficiently.
In one embodiment of the invention, the inlet of the electric field device communicates with the outlet of the engine.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field device may include an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, and an ionization electric field is formed between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. The tail gas enters an ionization electric field, oxygen ions in the tail gas are ionized, a large amount of oxygen ions with charges are formed, the oxygen ions are combined with particles such as dust in the tail gas, the particles are charged, and an electric field anode applies adsorption force to the particles with negative charges, so that the particles are adsorbed on the electric field anode, and the particles in the tail gas are removed.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode wires. The diameter of the cathode wire can be 0.1mm-20mm, and the size parameter is adjusted according to the application occasion and the dust accumulation requirement. In one embodiment of the invention the diameter of the cathode filament is not more than 3mm. In one embodiment of the invention, the cathode wire is made of metal wires or alloy wires which are easy to discharge, and is temperature-resistant, capable of supporting self weight and stable in electrochemistry. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cathode wire is made of titanium. The specific shape of the cathode wire is adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode, for example, if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode wire is circular; if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is an arc surface, the cathode wire needs to be designed into a multi-surface shape. The length of the cathode wire is adjusted according to the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode bars. In one embodiment of the invention the diameter of the cathode rod is not more than 3mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, a metal rod or an alloy rod that is easily discharged is used as the cathode rod. The shape of the cathode rod can be needle-shaped, polygonal, burr-shaped, threaded rod-shaped or columnar, etc. The shape of the cathode rod can be adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode, for example, if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode rod needs to be designed into a round shape; if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is an arc surface, the cathode rod needs to be designed into a polygonal shape.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode is disposed through the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the invention the electric field anode comprises one or more hollow anode tubes arranged in parallel. When there are a plurality of hollow anode tubes, all hollow anode tubes constitute a honeycomb-like electric field anode. In one embodiment of the present invention, the hollow anode tube may have a circular or polygonal cross section. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is circular, a uniform electric field can be formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and dust is not easy to be accumulated on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is trilateral, 3 dust accumulation surfaces and 3 far-angle dust holding angles can be formed on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube, and the dust holding rate of the hollow anode tube with the structure is highest. If the section of the hollow anode tube is quadrilateral, 4 dust accumulation surfaces and 4 dust holding angles can be obtained, but the spliced structure is unstable. The polygon may be a hexagon. If the section of the hollow anode tube is hexagonal, 6 dust accumulation surfaces, 6 dust holding angles and the dust accumulation surfaces and the dust holding rate are balanced. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is more polygonal, more dust accumulation sides can be obtained, but the dust holding rate is lost. In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the inscribed circle of the hollow anode tube is in the range of 5mm to 400mm. In one embodiment of the invention the electric field anode may consist of a hollow tube bundle. In one embodiment of the invention the tube bundles of the electric field anodes are honeycomb shaped.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electric field cathode is mounted on a cathode support plate, and the cathode support plate is connected with the electric field anode through an insulation mechanism. In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field anode comprises a first anode part and a second anode part, wherein the first anode part is close to the inlet of the electric field device, and the second anode part is close to the outlet of the electric field device. At least one cathode support plate is disposed between the first anode portion and the second anode portion. The cathode support plate and the insulation mechanism are arranged between the first anode part and the second anode part, namely the insulation mechanism is arranged in the middle of an ionization electric field or in the middle of an electric field cathode, so that the electric field cathode can be well supported, the electric field cathode can be fixed relative to the electric field anode, and a set distance is kept between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. In the prior art, the supporting point of the cathode is arranged at the end point of the cathode, so that the distance between the cathode and the anode is difficult to maintain. In an embodiment of the invention, the insulation mechanism is disposed outside the electric field flow channel, i.e. outside the second-stage flow channel, so as to prevent or reduce dust in the tail gas from collecting on the insulation mechanism, which leads to breakdown or conduction of the insulation mechanism.
In one embodiment of the invention, the insulating mechanism is a high voltage resistant ceramic insulator, which insulates the electric field cathode from the electric field anode. The electric field anode is also referred to as a housing.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first anode portion is located before the cathode support plate and the insulating mechanism in the gas flow direction, and the first anode portion can remove water in the tail gas, so as to prevent water from entering the insulating mechanism, and cause the insulating mechanism to be short-circuited and ignited. In addition, the third positive stage part can remove a considerable part of dust in the tail gas, and when the tail gas passes through the insulation mechanism, the considerable part of dust is eliminated, so that the possibility that the dust causes short circuit of the insulation mechanism is reduced. In one embodiment of the invention, the insulating mechanism comprises an insulating knob. The design of the first anode part is mainly used for protecting the insulating knob insulator from being polluted by particulate matters and the like in gas, and once the insulating knob insulator is polluted by the gas, the electric field anode and the electric field cathode are conducted, so that the dust accumulation function of the electric field anode is invalid, the design of the first anode part can effectively reduce the pollution of the insulating knob insulator, and the service time of a product is prolonged. In the process that the tail gas flows through the second-stage flow channel, the first anode part and the electric field cathode are contacted with polluted gas firstly, and the insulating mechanism is contacted with the gas later, so that the purposes of removing dust firstly and passing through the insulating mechanism later are achieved, the pollution to the insulating mechanism is reduced, the cleaning maintenance period is prolonged, and the corresponding electrode is supported in an insulating way after being used. In one embodiment of the present invention, the length of the first anode portion is long enough to remove part of the dust, reduce dust accumulated on the insulating mechanism and the cathode support plate, and reduce electrical breakdown caused by the dust. In one embodiment of the present invention, the length of the first anode portion is 1/10 to 1/4, 1/4 to 1/3, 1/3 to 1/2, 1/2 to 2/3, 2/3 to 3/4, or 3/4 to 9/10 of the length of the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the invention the second anode portion is located after the cathode support plate and the insulation means in the exhaust gas flow direction. The second anode part comprises a dust accumulation section and a reserved dust accumulation section. The dust accumulation section utilizes static electricity to adsorb particles in the tail gas, and the dust accumulation section is used for increasing dust accumulation area and prolonging the service time of the electric field device. The reserved dust accumulation section can provide failure protection for the dust accumulation section. The reserved dust accumulation section is used for further improving the dust accumulation area on the premise of meeting the design dust removal requirement. The reserved dust accumulation section is used for supplementing the dust accumulation of the front section. In one embodiment of the present invention, the reserved dust section and the first anode portion may use different power sources.
In an embodiment of the present invention, since there is an extremely high potential difference between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode, in order to prevent the electric field cathode and the electric field anode from being conducted, the insulation mechanism is disposed outside the second-stage flow path between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. Thus, the insulating mechanism overhangs the outside of the electric field anode. In one embodiment of the present invention, the insulating mechanism may be made of non-conductive heat-resistant material, such as ceramic, glass, etc. In one embodiment of the invention, the insulation of the completely airtight airless material requires an insulation isolation thickness of > 0.3mm/kv; air insulation requirements are > 1.4mm/kv. The insulation distance may be set according to 1.4 times the pole spacing between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. In one embodiment of the invention, the insulating mechanism uses ceramic, and the surface is glazed; glue or organic material cannot be used to fill the connection, and the temperature resistance is greater than 350 ℃.
In one embodiment of the invention, the insulation mechanism comprises an insulation part and a heat insulation part. In order to provide the insulating mechanism with an anti-fouling function, the material of the insulating part is ceramic material or glass material. In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating portion may be an umbrella-shaped string ceramic pillar, an umbrella-shaped string glass pillar, a column-shaped string ceramic pillar or a column-shaped glass pillar, and glaze is applied to the inside and outside of the umbrella or the inside and outside of the pillar. The distance between the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column and the electric field anode is 1.4 times greater than the electric field distance, the sum of the distance between the umbrella ribs of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column is 1.4 times greater than the insulation distance between the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column, and the depth of the umbrella ribs of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column is 1.4 times greater than the insulation distance between the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column. The insulating part can also be a columnar string ceramic column or a glass column, and glaze is hung inside and outside the column. In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating portion may also be tower-shaped.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a heating rod is disposed in the insulating portion, and when the ambient temperature of the insulating portion approaches the dew point, the heating rod is started and heats. Because of the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the insulating part in use, condensation is easy to generate between the inside and the outside of the insulating part. The outer surface of the insulating part may be heated spontaneously or by gas to generate high temperature, and necessary isolation protection and scald prevention are required. The heat insulation part comprises a protective surrounding baffle plate and a denitration purification reaction cavity which are positioned outside the second insulation part. In an embodiment of the invention, the position of the tail part of the insulating part needs to be insulated from heat, so that the environment is prevented, and the heat dissipation and high temperature heating condensation assembly is prevented.
In an embodiment of the invention, an outgoing line of a power supply of the electric field device is connected by using umbrella-shaped string ceramic columns or glass columns through a wall, an elastic latch is used for connecting a cathode support plate in the wall, a sealed insulation protective wiring cap is used for connecting the outside of the wall in a plug-in mode, and the insulation distance between a conductor of the outgoing line through the wall and the wall is larger than the ceramic insulation distance between the umbrella-shaped string ceramic columns or the glass columns. In one embodiment of the invention, the high-voltage part is directly arranged on the end head without a lead, so that the safety is ensured, the whole high-voltage module is protected by using the ip68 for external insulation, and the medium is used for heat exchange and radiation.
In one embodiment of the present invention, an asymmetric structure is used between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. In the symmetrical electric field, the polar particles are acted by a force with the same magnitude and opposite directions, and the polar particles reciprocate in the electric field; in an asymmetric electric field, the polar particles are subjected to two different acting forces, and the polar particles move in the direction of large acting force, so that the coupling can be avoided.
An ionization electric field is formed between an electric field cathode and an electric field anode of the electric field device. In order to reduce the electric field coupling of the ionizing electric field, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for reducing electric field coupling includes the steps of: the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is selected to ensure that the electric field coupling times are less than or equal to 3. In an embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode may be: 1.667:1-1680:1; 3.334:1-113.34:1; 6.67:1-56.67:1; 13.34:1 to 28.33:1. The embodiment selects the dust collection area of the electric field anode with relatively large area and the discharge area of the electric field cathode with relatively small area, and particularly selects the area ratio, so that the discharge area of the electric field cathode can be reduced, the suction force can be reduced, the dust collection area of the electric field anode can be enlarged, the suction force, namely, the asymmetrical electrode suction force between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode can be enlarged, so that dust falls into the dust collection surface of the electric field anode after charge, the polarity is changed but the dust can not be sucked away by the electric field cathode any more, the electric field coupling is reduced, and the electric field coupling frequency is less than or equal to 3. The electric field coupling times are less than or equal to 3 when the electric field pole spacing is less than 150mm, the electric field energy consumption is low, the coupling consumption of the electric field to aerosol, water mist, oil mist and loose and smooth particles can be reduced, and the electric energy of the electric field is saved by 30-50%. The dust collecting area refers to the area of the working surface of the electric field anode, for example, if the electric field anode is in a hollow regular hexagonal tubular shape, the dust collecting area is the inner surface area of the hollow regular hexagonal tubular shape, and the dust collecting area is also called as dust collecting area. The discharge area refers to the area of the working surface of the electric field cathode, for example, if the electric field cathode is rod-shaped, the discharge area is the rod-shaped outer surface area.
In one embodiment of the invention, the length of the electric field anode may be 10-180 mm, 10-20 mm, 20-30 mm, 60-180 mm, 30-40 mm, 40-50 mm, 50-60 mm, 60-70 mm, 70-80 mm, 80-90 mm, 90-100 mm, 100-110 mm, 110-120 mm, 120-130 mm, 130-140 mm, 140-150 mm, 150-160 mm, 160-170 mm, 170-180 mm, 60mm, 180mm, 10mm or 30mm. The length of the electric field anode refers to the minimum length from one end of the working surface of the electric field anode to the other end. The electric field anode is selected to have such a length that electric field coupling can be effectively reduced.
In one embodiment of the invention, the length of the electric field anode can be 10-90 mm, 15-20 mm, 20-25 mm, 25-30 mm, 30-35 mm, 35-40 mm, 40-45 mm, 45-50 mm, 50-55 mm, 55-60 mm, 60-65 mm, 65-70 mm, 70-75 mm, 75-80 mm, 80-85 mm or 85-90 mm, and the design of the length can enable the electric field anode and the electric field device to have high temperature resistance and high efficiency dust collection capability under high temperature impact.
In one embodiment of the invention, the length of the electric field cathode may be 30-180 mm, 54-176 mm, 30-40 mm, 40-50 mm, 50-54 mm, 54-60 mm, 60-70 mm, 70-80 mm, 80-90 mm, 90-100 mm, 100-110 mm, 110-120 mm, 120-130 mm, 130-140 mm, 140-150 mm, 150-160 mm, 160-170 mm, 170-176 mm, 170-180 mm, 54mm, 180mm, or 30mm. The length of the electric field cathode refers to the minimum length from one end of the working surface of the electric field cathode to the other end. The electric field cathode is selected to have such a length that the electric field coupling can be effectively reduced.
In one embodiment of the invention, the length of the electric field cathode can be 10-90 mm, 15-20 mm, 20-25 mm, 25-30 mm, 30-35 mm, 35-40 mm, 40-45 mm, 45-50 mm, 50-55 mm, 55-60 mm, 60-65 mm, 65-70 mm, 70-75 mm, 75-80 mm, 80-85 mm or 85-90 mm, and the design of the length can enable the electric field cathode and the electric field device to have high temperature resistance and high efficiency dust collection capability under high temperature impact. Wherein, when the temperature of the electric field is 200 ℃, the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 99.9%; when the temperature of the electric field is 400 ℃, the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 90%; when the electric field temperature was 500 ℃, the corresponding dust collection efficiency was 50%.
In one embodiment of the invention the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode may be 5-30 mm, 2.5-139.9 mm, 9.9-139.9 mm, 2.5-9.9 mm, 9.9-20 mm, 20-30 mm, 30-40 mm, 40-50 mm, 50-60 mm, 60-70 mm, 70-80 mm, 80-90 mm, 90-100 mm, 100-110 mm, 110-120 mm, 120-130 mm, 130-139.9 mm, 9.9mm, 139.9mm, or 2.5m. The distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is also referred to as the pole pitch. The pole spacing refers to the minimum vertical distance between the working surfaces of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode. The selection of the polar distance can effectively reduce electric field coupling and enable the electric field device to have high temperature resistance.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a diameter of the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode is 1-3 mm, and a pole distance between the tail gas dust removal electric field anode and the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode is 2.5-139.9 mm; the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the discharge area of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 1.667:1-1680:1.
In view of the unique properties of ionized dust removal, ionized dust removal may be useful for removing particulates from gases, such as may be used for removing particulates from engine exhaust. However, after many years of research by universities, research institutions and enterprises, the existing electric field dust removing device is still not suitable for use in vehicles. First, the electric field dust removing device of the prior art is too bulky to be installed in a vehicle. Secondly, it is important that the electric field dust removing device in the prior art can only remove about 70% of particulate matters, and cannot meet the emission standards of many countries.
The present inventors have studied and found that the disadvantage of the electric field dust removing device in the prior art is caused by electric field coupling. The invention can obviously reduce the size (i.e. volume) of the electric field dust removing device by reducing the electric field coupling times. For example, the size of the ionization dust removing device provided by the invention is about one fifth of the size of the existing ionization dust removing device. The reason is that in order to obtain an acceptable particle removal rate, the gas flow rate is set to be about 1m/s in the existing ionization dust removing device, and the invention can still obtain a higher particle removal rate under the condition that the gas flow rate is increased to be 6 m/s. When treating a given flow of gas, the electric field dust collector may be reduced in size as the gas velocity increases.
In addition, the present invention can significantly improve particle removal efficiency. For example, the electric field dust removing device of the related art can remove about 70% of particulate matter in the exhaust gas of the engine at a gas flow rate of about 1m/s, but the present invention can remove about 99% of particulate matter even at a gas flow rate of 6 m/s. Therefore, the present invention can meet the latest emission standards.
The present invention has achieved the above unexpected results, since the inventors have found the effect of electric field coupling and have found a method of reducing the number of electric field coupling. Therefore, the present invention can be used to manufacture electric field dust removing devices suitable for vehicles.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field device further includes an auxiliary electric field unit for generating an auxiliary electric field non-parallel to the ionization electric field.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field device further includes an auxiliary electric field unit, the ionization electric field unit includes a runner, and the auxiliary electric field unit is configured to generate an auxiliary electric field that is not perpendicular to the runner.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary electric field unit includes a first electrode, and the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is disposed at or near an inlet of the ionization electric field. In one embodiment of the invention, the first electrode is a cathode. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the electric field cathode. In one embodiment of the invention, the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit and the electric field anode have an included angle alpha, and alpha is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or alpha is more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or alpha is more than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 100 degrees, or alpha=90 degrees.
In an embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary electric field unit includes a second electrode, and the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is disposed at or near an outlet of the ionization electric field. In one embodiment of the invention, the second electrode is an anode. In an embodiment of the invention, the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the electric field anode. In one embodiment of the invention, the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit has an included angle alpha with the electric field cathode, and alpha is more than 0 DEG and less than or equal to 125 DEG, or more than 45 DEG and less than or equal to 125 DEG, or more than 60 DEG and less than or equal to 100 DEG, or alpha=90 deg.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electrode of the auxiliary electric field is arranged independently of the electrode of the ionization electric field.
The ionisation electric field between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is also referred to as the third electric field. In an embodiment of the present invention, a fourth electric field that is not parallel to the third electric field is further formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode. In another embodiment of the present invention, the fourth electric field is not perpendicular to the flow path of the ionizing electric field. The fourth electric field, also called auxiliary electric field, may be formed by one or two second auxiliary electrodes. When the fourth electric field is formed by a second auxiliary electrode, which may be placed at the inlet or outlet of the ionising electric field, the second auxiliary electrode may be at a negative potential, or at a positive potential. Wherein when the second auxiliary electrode is a cathode, the second auxiliary electrode is arranged at or near an inlet of the ionization electric field; the second auxiliary electrode and the electric field anode have an included angle alpha, and alpha is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or alpha is more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or alpha is more than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 100 degrees, or alpha=90 degrees. When the second auxiliary electrode is an anode, the second auxiliary electrode is arranged at or near an outlet of the ionization electric field; the second auxiliary electrode and the electric field cathode have an included angle alpha, and alpha is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or alpha is more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or alpha is more than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 100 degrees, or alpha=90 degrees. When the fourth electric field is formed by two second auxiliary electrodes, one of the second auxiliary electrodes may be charged with a negative potential and the other of the second auxiliary electrodes may be charged with a positive potential; one second auxiliary electrode may be placed at the inlet of the ionization electric field and the other second auxiliary electrode at the outlet of the ionization electric field. In addition, the second auxiliary electrode may be part of the electric field cathode or the electric field anode, i.e. the second auxiliary electrode may be constituted by an extension of the electric field cathode or the electric field anode, in which case the lengths of the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are different. The second auxiliary electrode may also be a separate electrode, i.e. the second auxiliary electrode may not be part of the electric field cathode or the electric field anode, in which case the voltage of the fourth electric field is different from the voltage of the third electric field and may be controlled separately depending on the operating situation.
The fourth electric field is capable of applying a force to the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode toward the outlet of the ionizing electric field such that the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode has a velocity of movement toward the outlet. In the process that the tail gas flows into the ionization electric field and flows towards the outlet direction of the ionization electric field, the oxygen ions with negative charges move towards the electric field anode and towards the outlet direction of the ionization electric field, and the oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with particles in the tail gas in the process of moving towards the electric field anode and towards the outlet of the ionization electric field. The collection rate of the electric field device for particles entering the electric field along the ion flow direction is nearly doubled compared with that of particles entering the electric field along the counter ion flow direction, so that the dust accumulation efficiency of the electric field is improved, and the electric consumption of the electric field is reduced. In addition, the main reason that the dust collection efficiency of the dust collection electric field in the prior art is lower is that the direction of dust entering the electric field is opposite to or vertically crossed with the direction of ion flow in the electric field, so that the mutual collision of the dust and the ion flow is severe, larger energy consumption is generated, the charge efficiency is influenced, the dust collection efficiency of the electric field in the prior art is further reduced, and the energy consumption is increased. When the electric field device collects dust in the gas, the gas and the dust enter the electric field along the ion flow direction, the dust is charged fully, and the electric field consumption is small; the dust collection efficiency of the monopole electric field can reach 99.99 percent. When the tail gas and dust enter the electric field in the reverse ion flow direction, the dust charge is insufficient, the electric consumption of the electric field is increased, and the dust collection efficiency is 40% -75%. In one embodiment of the invention, the ion flow formed by the electric field device is beneficial to fluid transportation, oxygenation, heat exchange or the like of the unpowered fan.
As the electric field anode continues to collect particulate matter and the like in the exhaust gas, the particulate matter and the like accumulate on the electric field anode and form carbon black, and the thickness of the carbon black continues to increase, so that the inter-electrode distance decreases. In one embodiment of the invention, when the increase of the electric field current is detected, the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon is utilized, and the injection current is limited by matching with the increase of the voltage, so that a great amount of plasmas are generated by rapid discharge at a carbon deposition position, and the low-temperature plasmas enable organic components in the carbon black to be deeply oxidized, macromolecular bonds to be broken, and micromolecular carbon dioxide and water are formed, so that the carbon black is cleaned. Because oxygen in the air participates in ionization simultaneously to form ozone, ozone molecule groups catch deposited greasy dirt molecule groups simultaneously, hydrocarbon bond breakage in the greasy dirt molecules is accelerated, and partial oil molecules are carbonized, so that the aim of purifying tail gas volatile matters is fulfilled. In addition, carbon black cleaning is a plasma that is not used to achieve the results that are not achieved by conventional cleaning methods. Plasma is a state of matter, also called the fourth state of matter, and does not belong to the common solid, liquid, gas tri-states. The gas is ionized by applying sufficient energy to the gas to become a plasma state. The "active" components of the plasma include: ions, electrons, atoms, reactive groups, excited state species (metastable state), photons, and the like. In an embodiment of the present invention, when the electric field dust is deposited, the electric field device detects the electric field current, and the following method is adopted to implement carbon black cleaning:
(1) When the electric field current increases to a given value, the electric field means increases the electric field voltage.
(2) When the electric field current increases to a given value, the electric field device utilizes the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to complete carbon black cleaning.
(3) When the electric field current increases to a given value, the electric field device increases the voltage by utilizing the phenomenon of electric field back corona discharge, limits the injection current and completes carbon black cleaning.
(4) When the electric field current is increased to a given value, the electric field device utilizes the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to increase the voltage and limit the injection current, so that the rapid discharge at the carbon deposition position of the anode generates plasma, the plasma enables the carbon black organic components to be deeply oxidized, macromolecular bonds to be broken, and micromolecular carbon dioxide and water are formed, thereby completing carbon black cleaning.
In an embodiment of the invention, when the electric field dust is accumulated to a certain extent, the electric field device performs carbon black removal treatment.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field device detects the electric field current to determine whether dust is deposited to a certain extent, and carbon black removal is required.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field device increases the electric field voltage to perform the carbon black removal treatment.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field device uses the phenomenon of electric field back corona discharge to perform the carbon black removal treatment.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode and the electric field cathode are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of the power supply. The voltages applied to the electric field anode and the electric field cathode need to be selected to be appropriate voltage levels, and the specific voltage levels to be selected depend on the volume, temperature resistance, dust holding rate and the like of the electric field device. For example, voltages from 1kv to 50kv; during design, firstly, considering temperature-resistant conditions, and parameters of polar distance and temperature: the dust accumulation area is larger than 0.1 square/kilocubic meter/hour, the electric field length is larger than 5 times of the single-tube inscribed circle, and the flow speed of the electric field airflow is controlled to be smaller than 9 meters/second. In one embodiment of the invention, the electric field anode is formed by a second hollow anode tube and is honeycomb-shaped. The shape of the second hollow anode tube port may be circular or polygonal. In one embodiment of the invention, the value range of the inscribed circle of the second hollow anode tube is 5-400mm, the corresponding voltage is 0.1-120kv, and the corresponding current of the second hollow anode tube is 0.1-30A; different inscribed circles correspond to different corona voltages, about 1KV/1MM.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field device includes a second electric field stage, where the second electric field stage includes a plurality of second electric field generating units, and one or more second electric field generating units may be provided. The second electric field generating unit is also called a second dust collecting unit, which includes the electric field anode and the electric field cathode described above, and has one or more second dust collecting units. When the number of the second electric field stages is multiple, the dust collection efficiency of the electric field device can be effectively improved. In the same second electric field stage, the anodes of the electric fields are of the same polarity, and the cathodes of the electric fields are of the same polarity. And when the number of the second electric field stages is multiple, the second electric field stages are connected in series. In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field device further includes a plurality of connection housings, and the second electric field stages connected in series are connected through the connection housings; the distance between the second electric field levels of adjacent two stages is greater than 1.4 times the pole pitch.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electret material is charged with an electric field. When the electric field device fails, the charged electret material is used for dust removal.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electric field device comprises an electret element.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electret element is disposed within the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electret element is in the ionizing electric field when the electric field anode and the electric field cathode are powered on.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electret element is located close to the electric field device outlet or the electret element is located at the electric field device outlet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode and the electric field cathode form an exhaust flow channel, and the electret element is disposed in the exhaust flow channel.
In an embodiment of the invention, the exhaust gas flow channel includes an exhaust gas flow channel outlet, and the electret element is close to the exhaust gas flow channel outlet, or the electret element is disposed at the exhaust gas flow channel outlet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the electret element in the exhaust gas flow channel accounts for 5% -100% of the cross section of the exhaust gas flow channel.
In one embodiment of the invention the electret element has a cross-section in the exhaust gas flow channel that is 10% -90%, 20% -80%, or 40% -60% of the cross-section of the exhaust gas flow channel.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electret element has a cross-section in the exhaust gas flow channel that is 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 90% or 100% of the cross-section of the exhaust gas flow channel.
In one embodiment of the invention, the ionizing electric field charges the electret element.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electret element has a porous structure.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electret element is a fabric.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode is tubular, the electret element is tubular, and the electret element is sleeved outside the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electret element is detachably connected to the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electret element material comprises an inorganic compound having electret properties. The electret performance refers to the capability of the electret element that the electret element is charged after being charged by an external power supply and still maintains a certain charge under the condition that the electret element is completely separated from the power supply, so that the electret element can serve as an electrode of an electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic compound is selected from one or more of an oxygen-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, and glass fiber.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of metal-based oxides, oxygen-containing complexes, oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salts.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal-based oxide is selected from one or more of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, barium oxide, tantalum oxide, silicon oxide, lead oxide, and tin oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal-based oxide is alumina.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of titanium zirconium composite oxide or titanium barium composite oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt is selected from one or more of zirconium titanate, lead zirconate titanate or barium titanate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen-containing compound is silicon nitride.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electret element material comprises an organic compound having electret properties. The electret performance refers to the capability of the electret element that the electret element is charged after being charged by an external power supply and still maintains a certain charge under the condition that the electret element is completely separated from the power supply, so that the electret element can serve as an electrode of an electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the organic compound is selected from one or more of a fluoropolymer, a polycarbonate, PP, PE, PVC, a natural wax, a resin, and a rosin.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fluoropolymer is selected from one or more of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon-FEP), soluble Polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
In one embodiment of the invention, the fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.
The method comprises the steps of generating an ionization electric field under the condition of an electrified driving voltage, utilizing an ionization electric field ionization part to treat objects, adsorbing particles in tail gas, simultaneously charging an electret element, generating an electric field by the charged electret element when an electric field device fails, namely, the electrified driving voltage is not applied, and utilizing the electric field generated by the charged electret element to adsorb the particles in the tail gas, namely, the particles can be adsorbed under the condition that the ionization electric field fails.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field device includes a water removal mechanism, and the water removal mechanism can be used for cold start dust removal.
A tail gas dust removal method, comprising the steps of: and when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, removing liquid water in the tail gas, and then ionizing and dedusting.
In one embodiment of the invention, the tail gas is ionized and dedusted when the temperature of the tail gas is more than or equal to 100 ℃.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the tail gas is less than or equal to 90 ℃, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed, and then ionization dust removal is performed.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the tail gas is less than or equal to 80 ℃, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed, and then ionization dust removal is performed.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the tail gas is less than or equal to 70 ℃, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed, and then ionization dust removal is performed.
In one embodiment of the invention, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed by an electrocoagulation defogging method, and then ionization dust removal is performed.
In one embodiment of the invention, any prior art water removal method is used to remove liquid water from the tail gas, followed by ionization dust removal.
For the tail gas system, in an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides an electric field dust removal method, which includes the following steps:
passing a dust-laden gas through an ionizing electric field generated by an electric field anode and an electric field cathode;
and when dust is deposited in the electric field, dust cleaning treatment is carried out.
In one embodiment of the invention, the dust cleaning process is performed when the detected electric field current increases to a given value.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the electric field is dust-collecting, dust cleaning is performed by any of the following modes:
(1) And finishing dust cleaning treatment by utilizing the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon.
(2) And the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon is utilized to increase the voltage and limit the injection current, so as to finish dust cleaning.
(3) The electric field back corona discharge phenomenon is utilized to increase the voltage and limit the injection current, so that the rapid discharge generated at the anode dust accumulation position generates plasma, the plasma enables the dust organic components to be deeply oxidized, macromolecular bonds to be broken, and micromolecular carbon dioxide and water are formed, so that dust cleaning treatment is completed.
Preferably, the dust is carbon black.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode wires. The diameter of the cathode wire can be 0.1mm-20mm, and the size parameter is adjusted according to the application occasion and the dust accumulation requirement. In one embodiment of the invention the diameter of the cathode filament is not more than 3mm. In one embodiment of the invention, the cathode wire is made of metal wires or alloy wires which are easy to discharge, and is temperature-resistant, capable of supporting self weight and stable in electrochemistry. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cathode wire is made of titanium. The specific shape of the cathode wire is adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode, for example, if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode wire is circular; if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is an arc surface, the cathode wire needs to be designed into a multi-surface shape. The length of the cathode wire is adjusted according to the electric field anode.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode rods. In one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the cathode rod is not more than 3mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, a metal rod or an alloy rod that is easily discharged is used as the cathode rod. The shape of the cathode rod can be needle-shaped, polygonal, burr-shaped, threaded rod-shaped or columnar, etc. The shape of the cathode rod can be adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode, for example, if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode rod needs to be designed into a round shape; if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is an arc surface, the cathode rod needs to be designed into a polygonal shape.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode is disposed through the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electric field anode comprises one or more hollow anode tubes arranged in parallel. When there are a plurality of hollow anode tubes, all hollow anode tubes constitute a honeycomb-like electric field anode. In one embodiment of the present invention, the hollow anode tube may have a circular or polygonal cross section. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is circular, a uniform electric field can be formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and dust is not easy to be accumulated on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is trilateral, 3 dust accumulation surfaces and 3 far-angle dust holding angles can be formed on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube, and the dust holding rate of the hollow anode tube with the structure is highest. If the section of the hollow anode tube is quadrilateral, 4 dust accumulation surfaces and 4 dust holding angles can be obtained, but the spliced structure is unstable. If the section of the hollow anode tube is hexagonal, 6 dust accumulation surfaces, 6 dust holding angles and the dust accumulation surfaces and the dust holding rate are balanced. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is more polygonal, more dust accumulation sides can be obtained, but the dust holding rate is lost. In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the inscribed circle of the hollow anode tube is in the range of 5mm to 400mm.
For an exhaust system, in an embodiment, the present invention provides a method for reducing coupling of a dust removal electric field, comprising the steps of:
an ionization electric field generated by the tail gas through an electric field anode and an electric field cathode;
the electric field anode or/and the electric field cathode is/are selected.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode and/or the electric field cathode are/is selected to have a size such that the number of electric field coupling times is less than or equal to 3.
Specifically, the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is selected. Preferably, the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is selected to be 1.667:1-1680:1.
More preferably, the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is selected to be 6.67:1-56.67:1.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a diameter of the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode is 1-3 mm, and a pole distance between the tail gas dust removal electric field anode and the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode is 2.5-139.9 mm; the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the discharge area of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 1.667:1-1680:1.
Preferably, the pole spacing of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be less than 150mm.
Preferably, the electrode distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be 2.5-139.9 mm. More preferably, the electrode distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be 5.0-100 mm.
Preferably, the length of the electric field anode is selected to be 10-180 mm. More preferably, the length of the electric field anode is selected to be 60-180 mm.
Preferably, the length of the electric field cathode is selected to be 30-180 mm. More preferably, the length of the electric field cathode is selected to be 54-176 mm.
In one embodiment of the invention, the coupling frequency of the ionization electric field is less than or equal to 3. In one embodiment of the present invention, the ionization electric field voltage has a value ranging from 1kv to 50kv.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode wires. The diameter of the cathode wire can be 0.1mm-20mm, and the size parameter is adjusted according to the application occasion and the dust accumulation requirement. In one embodiment of the invention the diameter of the cathode filament is not more than 3mm. In one embodiment of the invention, the cathode wire is made of metal wires or alloy wires which are easy to discharge, and is temperature-resistant, capable of supporting self weight and stable in electrochemistry. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cathode wire is made of titanium. The specific shape of the cathode wire is adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode, for example, if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode wire is circular; if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is an arc surface, the cathode wire needs to be designed into a multi-surface shape. The length of the cathode wire is adjusted according to the electric field anode.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode rods. In one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the cathode rod is not more than 3mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, a metal rod or an alloy rod that is easily discharged is used as the cathode rod. The shape of the cathode rod can be needle-shaped, polygonal, burr-shaped, threaded rod-shaped or columnar, etc. The shape of the cathode rod can be adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode, for example, if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode rod needs to be designed into a round shape; if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is an arc surface, the cathode rod needs to be designed into a polygonal shape.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode is disposed through the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electric field anode comprises one or more hollow anode tubes arranged in parallel. When there are a plurality of hollow anode tubes, all hollow anode tubes constitute a honeycomb-like electric field anode. In one embodiment of the present invention, the hollow anode tube may have a circular or polygonal cross section. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is circular, a uniform electric field can be formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and dust is not easy to be accumulated on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is trilateral, 3 dust accumulation surfaces and 3 far-angle dust holding angles can be formed on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube, and the dust holding rate of the hollow anode tube with the structure is highest. If the section of the hollow anode tube is quadrilateral, 4 dust accumulation surfaces and 4 dust holding angles can be obtained, but the spliced structure is unstable. If the section of the hollow anode tube is hexagonal, 6 dust accumulation surfaces, 6 dust holding angles and the dust accumulation surfaces and the dust holding rate are balanced. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is more polygonal, more dust accumulation sides can be obtained, but the dust holding rate is lost. In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the inscribed circle of the hollow anode tube is in the range of 5mm to 400mm.
A tail gas dust removal method comprises the following steps:
1) Adsorbing particles in the tail gas by using an ionization electric field;
2) The electret element is charged with an ionizing electric field.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electret element is located close to the electric field device outlet or the electret element is located at the electric field device outlet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode and the electric field cathode form an exhaust flow channel, and the electret element is disposed in the exhaust flow channel.
In an embodiment of the invention, the exhaust gas flow channel includes an exhaust gas flow channel outlet, and the electret element is close to the exhaust gas flow channel outlet, or the electret element is disposed at the exhaust gas flow channel outlet.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the charged electret element is utilized to adsorb particles in the exhaust gas when the ionization electric field has no powered driving voltage.
In one embodiment of the invention, the charged electret element is replaced with a new electret element after adsorbing particulate matter from a certain exhaust gas.
In one embodiment of the invention, the ionization electric field is restarted to adsorb particulate matter in the exhaust after replacement with a new electret element, and the new electret element is charged.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electret element material comprises an inorganic compound having electret properties. The electret performance refers to the capability of the electret element that the electret element is charged after being charged by an external power supply and still maintains a certain charge under the condition that the electret element is completely separated from the power supply, so that the electret element can serve as an electrode of an electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic compound is selected from one or more of an oxygen-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, and glass fiber.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of metal-based oxides, oxygen-containing complexes, oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salts.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal-based oxide is selected from one or more of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, barium oxide, tantalum oxide, silicon oxide, lead oxide, and tin oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal-based oxide is alumina.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of titanium zirconium composite oxide or titanium barium composite oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt is selected from one or more of zirconium titanate, lead zirconate titanate or barium titanate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen-containing compound is silicon nitride.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electret element material comprises an organic compound having electret properties. The electret performance refers to the capability of the electret element that the electret element is charged after being charged by an external power supply and still maintains a certain charge under the condition that the electret element is completely separated from the power supply, so that the electret element can serve as an electrode of an electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the organic compound is selected from one or more of a fluoropolymer, a polycarbonate, PP, PE, PVC, a natural wax, a resin, and a rosin.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fluoropolymer is selected from one or more of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon-FEP), soluble Polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
In one embodiment of the invention, the fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.
The invention also provides a vehicle, which comprises the vehicle-mounted tail gas and an air dust removal system.
The invention also provides a method of purifying air in a contaminated area comprising driving the vehicle in the contaminated area.
Example 1
The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system comprises a tail gas treatment device, wherein the tail gas treatment device is used for treating waste gas to be discharged into the atmosphere.
Referring to FIG. 1, a schematic diagram of an exhaust treatment device according to an embodiment is shown. As shown in fig. 1, the exhaust gas treatment device 102 includes an electric field device 1021, an insulation mechanism 1022, a wind equalizing device, a water removing device and an exhaust gas cooling device.
The electric field device 1021 comprises an electric field anode 10211 and an electric field cathode 10212 arranged in the electric field anode 10211, and an asymmetric electrostatic field is formed between the electric field anode 10211 and the electric field cathode 10212, wherein after the gas containing the particulate matters enters the electric field device 1021 through the exhaust port, the gas is ionized due to the discharge of the electric field cathode 10212, so that the particulate matters obtain negative charges, move towards the electric field anode 10211 and are deposited on the electric field cathode 10212.
Specifically, the interior of the electric field cathode 10212 is composed of a honeycomb-shaped and hollow anode tube bundle group, and the shape of the ports of the anode tube bundle is hexagonal.
The electric field cathode 10212 comprises a plurality of electrode rods which penetrate through each anode tube bundle in the anode tube bundle group in a one-to-one correspondence manner, wherein the electrode rods are in a needle shape, a multi-angle shape, a burr shape, a thread rod shape or a column shape. The diameter of the electrode rod may be not more than 3mm.
In this embodiment, the air inlet end of the electric field cathode 10212 is lower than the air inlet end of the electric field anode 10211, and the air outlet end of the electric field cathode 10212 is flush with the air outlet end of the electric field anode 10211, so that an accelerating electric field is formed inside the electric field device 1021.
The insulation mechanism 1022 with the air passage overhanging includes an insulation portion and a heat insulation portion. The insulating part is made of ceramic material or glass material. The insulating part is an umbrella-shaped ceramic string column, and glaze is hung inside and outside the umbrella. Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of an umbrella-shaped insulation mechanism is shown in an embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode is mounted on a cathode support plate 10213, and the cathode support plate 10213 is connected to the electric field anode 10211 through an insulation mechanism 1022. In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode 10211 includes a first anode portion 102112 and a second anode portion 102111, wherein the first anode portion 102112 is adjacent to the electric field device inlet and the second anode portion 102111 is adjacent to the electric field device outlet. The cathode support plate 10213 and the insulating mechanism 1022 are disposed between the first anode portion 102112 and the second anode portion 102111, that is, the insulating mechanism 1022 is disposed in the middle of the ionization electric field or in the middle of the electric field cathode 10212, so that the electric field cathode 10212 can be well supported, and the electric field cathode 10212 can be fixed relative to the electric field anode 10211, so that a set distance is maintained between the electric field cathode 10212 and the electric field anode 10211.
The wind equalizing device 1023 is disposed at the air inlet end of the electric field device 1021. Referring to fig. 3A, 3B and 3C, three implementation structure diagrams of the wind balancing device are shown.
As shown in fig. 3A, when the electric field anode 10211 is cylindrical, the air equalizing device 1023 is located between the air inlet and the exhaust inlet and the ionization electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and is composed of a plurality of air equalizing blades 10231 rotating around the centers of the exhaust inlet and the air inlet. The air equalizing device 1023 can make the air inflow of the engine changed at various rotation speeds uniformly pass through the electric field generated by the electric field anode. Meanwhile, the internal temperature of the electric field anode can be kept constant, and oxygen is sufficient.
As shown in fig. 3B, when the electric field anode 10211 has a cubic shape, the wind balancing device includes:
an air inlet pipe 10232 arranged at one side of the electric field anode; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
The air outlet pipe 10233 is arranged on the other side edge of the electric field anode; wherein the side of the mounting air inlet pipe 10232 is opposite to the other side of the mounting air outlet pipe 10233.
As shown in fig. 3C, the air equalizing device may further include a second venturi plate air equalizing mechanism 10234 disposed at the air inlet end of the electric field anode and a third venturi plate air equalizing mechanism 10235 disposed at the air outlet end of the electric field anode (the third venturi plate air equalizing mechanism is folded when viewed from top), the third venturi plate air equalizing mechanism is provided with an air inlet hole, the third venturi plate air equalizing mechanism is provided with an air outlet hole, the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole are arranged in a staggered manner, and the front air inlet side is air-out to form a cyclone structure.
The water removal device is used for removing liquid water before the electric field device is arranged, when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, the water removal device is used for removing the liquid water in the tail gas, and the water removal device 207 is any prior art water removal device.
Example 2
The electric field device shown in fig. 4 comprises an electric field anode 10141, an electric field cathode 10142 and an electret element 205, wherein when the electric field anode 10141 and the electric field cathode 10142 are powered on, an ionization electric field is formed, and the electret element 205 is arranged in the ionization electric field, and the arrow direction in fig. 4 is the flow direction of the to-be-treated. The electret element is arranged at the outlet of the electric field device. The ionizing electric field charges the electret element. The electret element has a porous structure, and the material of the electret element is alumina. The electric field anode is tubular, the electret element is tubular, and the electret element is sleeved in the electric field anode. The electret element is detachably connected with the electric field anode.
A method of electrostatic precipitation comprising the steps of:
a) Adsorbing particles in the tail gas by using an ionization electric field;
b) The electret element is charged with an ionizing electric field.
Wherein the electret element is arranged at the outlet of the electric field device; the electret element is made of alumina; when the ionization electric field has no power-on driving voltage, the charged electret element is utilized to adsorb particles in the tail gas; after the charged electret element adsorbs the particulate matters in a certain tail gas, the charged electret element is replaced by a new electret element; after replacement with a new electret element, the ionisation electric field is restarted to adsorb the particulate matter in the exhaust gas and to charge the new electret element.
The electric field device and the electrostatic dust removal method are used for treating tail gas after the motor vehicle is started, the ionization electric field is utilized to adsorb particles in the tail gas after the motor vehicle is started, and meanwhile, the ionization electric field is utilized to charge the electret element. When the ionization electric field has no power-on driving voltage (namely fault), the charged electret element is utilized to adsorb particles in the tail gas, and the purification efficiency can reach more than 50%.
Example 3
The electric field device as shown in fig. 5 and 6 comprises an electric field anode 10141, an electric field cathode 10142 and an electret element 205, wherein the electric field anode 10141 and the electric field cathode 10142 form an exhaust gas flow passage 292, and the electret element 205 is arranged in the exhaust gas flow passage 292, and the arrow direction in fig. 5 is the flow direction of the to-be-treated fluid. The exhaust gas flow channel 292 includes an exhaust gas flow channel outlet, and the electret element 205 is proximate to the exhaust gas flow channel outlet. The cross section of the electret element in the exhaust gas flow channel 292 accounts for 10% of the cross section of the exhaust gas flow channel 292, as shown in fig. 7, i.e. S2/(s1+s2) ×100%, where the first cross-sectional area S2 is the cross-sectional area of the electret element in the exhaust gas flow channel, the sum of the first cross-sectional area S1 and the second cross-sectional area S2 is the cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas flow channel, and the first cross-sectional area S1 does not include the cross-sectional area of the electric field cathode 10142. The electric field anode and the electric field cathode form an ionization electric field when the electric power is connected. The ionizing electric field charges the electret element. The electret element has a porous structure, and the material of the electret element is polytetrafluoroethylene. The electric field anode is tubular, the electret element is tubular, and the electret element is sleeved in the electric field anode. The electret element is detachably connected with the electric field anode.
A method of electrostatic precipitation comprising the steps of:
1) Adsorbing particles in the tail gas by using an ionization electric field;
2) The electret element is charged with an ionizing electric field.
Wherein the electret element is adjacent to the tail gas flow channel outlet; the electret element is made of polytetrafluoroethylene; when the ionization electric field has no power-on driving voltage, the charged electret element is utilized to adsorb particles in the tail gas; after the charged electret element adsorbs the particulate matters in a certain tail gas, the charged electret element is replaced by a new electret element; after replacement with a new electret element, the ionisation electric field is restarted to adsorb the particulate matter in the exhaust gas and to charge the new electret element.
The electric field device and the electrostatic dust removal method are used for treating tail gas after the motor vehicle is started, the ionization electric field is utilized to adsorb particles in the tail gas after the motor vehicle is started, and meanwhile, the ionization electric field is utilized to charge the electret element. When the ionization electric field has no power-on driving voltage (namely fault), the charged electret element is utilized to adsorb particles in the tail gas, and the purification efficiency can reach more than 30%.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 8, the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system comprises a water removing device 207 and an electric field device. The electric field device comprises an electric field anode 10211 and an electric field cathode 10212, the electric field anode 10211 and the electric field cathode 10212 being adapted to generate an ionizing electric field. The water removal device 207 is used for removing liquid water before the electric field device is inlet, when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, the water removal device removes liquid water in the tail gas, the water removal device 207 is any prior art water removal device, and the arrow direction in fig. 8 is the flow direction of the tail gas.
A tail gas dust removal method, comprising the steps of: when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, liquid water in the tail gas is removed, then ionization dust removal is carried out, wherein any prior art is adopted to remove the liquid water in the tail gas, the tail gas is the tail gas when a gasoline engine is started in a cold mode, water drops in the tail gas, namely the liquid water, are reduced, the non-uniform discharge of an ionization electric field and the breakdown of an electric field cathode and an electric field anode are reduced, the ionization dust removal efficiency is improved, the ionization dust removal efficiency is more than 99.9%, and the ionization dust removal efficiency of the dust removal method without removing the liquid water in the tail gas is less than 70%. Therefore, when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, liquid water in the tail gas is removed, then ionization dust removal is carried out, water drops in the tail gas, namely liquid water, are reduced, the discharge unevenness of an ionization electric field and the breakdown of an electric field cathode and an electric field anode are reduced, and the ionization dust removal efficiency is improved.
Example 5
In this embodiment, the electric field generating unit is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an ionization electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
In this embodiment, the dc power supply may be a dc high-voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
As shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, in this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape, the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape, and the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051.
A method of reducing electric field coupling comprising the steps of: the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 6.67:1, the pole spacing between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 9.9mm, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 60mm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 54mm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the tail gas fluid channel of the electric field anode, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, an included angle alpha is formed between the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 and the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and alpha=118 DEG, more substances to be treated can be collected under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, the coupling times of the electric field can be less than or equal to 3, the coupling consumption of aerosol, mist, loose and smooth particles of the electric field can be reduced, and the electric field electric energy can be saved by 30-50%.
In this embodiment, the electric field device includes a plurality of electric field stages formed by a plurality of the electric field generating units, so that dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by using a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field stage, the anodes of the ionization electric fields are of the same polarity, and the cathodes of the ionization electric fields are of the same polarity.
The electric field stages are connected in series, the electric field stages in series are connected through a connecting shell, and the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is larger than 1.4 times of the pole spacing. As shown in fig. 12, the electric field stage is two stages, i.e., a first stage electric field 4053 and a second stage electric field 4054, and the first stage electric field 4053 and the second stage electric field 4054 are connected in series through a connection housing 4055.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, mist, oil mist, etc.
In this embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from the engine.
Example 6
In this embodiment, the electric field generating unit is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an ionization electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
In this embodiment, the dc power supply may be a dc high-voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is hollow and regular hexagonal, the electric field cathode 4052 is rod-shaped, and the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051.
A method of reducing electric field coupling comprising the steps of: the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 1680:1, the pole distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 139.9mm, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 180mm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 180mm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the tail gas fluid channel of the electric field anode, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, more substances to be treated can be collected under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, the electric field coupling times are less than or equal to 3, the coupling consumption of the electric field on aerosol, the mist, the oil mist and loose and smooth particles can be reduced, and the electric field energy is saved by 20-40%.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, mist, oil mist, etc.
In this embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from the engine.
Example 7
In this embodiment, the electric field generating unit is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an ionization electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
In this embodiment, the dc power supply may be a dc high-voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is hollow and regular hexagonal, the electric field cathode 4052 is rod-shaped, and the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051.
A method of reducing electric field coupling comprising the steps of: the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 1.667:1, the pole distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 2.5mm, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 30mm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 30mm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the tail gas fluid channel of the electric field anode, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, more substances to be treated can be collected under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, the electric field coupling times are less than or equal to 3, the coupling of the electric field to aerosol, the water mist, the oil mist and the loose and smooth particle coupling can be reduced, and the electric field electric energy consumption can be saved by 10-30%.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, mist, oil mist, etc.
In this embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from the engine.
Example 8
In this embodiment, the electric field generating unit is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an ionization electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
In this embodiment, the dc power supply may be a dc high-voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
As shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, in this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is in a hollow regular hexagon shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is in a rod shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the electric field anode 4051 in a penetrating manner, the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 6.67:1, the pole spacing between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 9.9mm, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 60mm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 54mm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the tail gas fluid channel of the electric field anode, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, an included angle α is formed between the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 and the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and α=118°, and further, under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, more substances to be treated can be collected, the dust collection efficiency of the dust collection unit is guaranteed to be 99.99.99%, and the dust collection efficiency is typically higher than the dust collection efficiency of the dust collection unit is guaranteed.
In this embodiment, the electric field device includes a plurality of electric field stages formed by a plurality of the electric field generating units, so that dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by using a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field stage, the anodes of the electric fields are of the same polarity, and the cathodes of the electric fields are of the same polarity.
The electric field stages are connected in series, the electric field stages in series are connected through a connecting shell, and the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is larger than 1.4 times of the pole spacing. As shown in fig. 12, the electric field stage is two stages, i.e., a first stage electric field 4053 and a second stage electric field 4054, and the first stage electric field 4053 and the second stage electric field 4054 are connected in series through a connection housing 4055.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, mist, oil mist, etc.
In this embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from the engine.
Example 9
In this embodiment, the electric field generating unit is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with two electrodes of a power source, the power source is a dc power source, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of the dc power source. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
In this embodiment, the dc power supply may be a dc high-voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is in a hollow regular hexagonal tubular shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is in a rod shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the electric field anode 4051 in a penetrating manner, the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 1680:1, the pole spacing between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 139.9mm, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 180mm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 180mm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the tail gas fluid channel of the electric field anode, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and further, under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the dust collection efficiency of the typical tail gas device is ensured to be higher, and the dust collection efficiency pm of 0.23.99%.
In this embodiment, the electric field device includes a plurality of electric field stages formed by a plurality of the electric field generating units, so that dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by using a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field stage, the anodes of the electric fields are of the same polarity, and the cathodes of the electric fields are of the same polarity.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, mist, oil mist, etc.
In this embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas exhausted from the engine.
Example 10
In this embodiment, the electric field generating unit is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with two electrodes of a power source, the power source is a dc power source, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of the dc power source. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
In this embodiment, the dc power supply may be a dc high-voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is hollow and regular hexagonal, the electric field cathode 4052 is rod-shaped, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the electric field anode 4051 in a penetrating manner, the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 1.667:1, and the pole spacing between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 2.5mm. The length of the electric field anode 4051 is 30mm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 30mm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode tail gas fluid channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, further more substances to be treated can be collected under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is higher, and the dust collecting efficiency of typical tail gas particles pm0.23 is 99.99%.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 form a plurality of dust collecting units, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by using the plurality of dust collecting units.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, mist, oil mist, etc.
In this embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas exhausted from the engine.
Example 11
The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system in this embodiment includes the electric field device in the above embodiment 8, embodiment 9 or embodiment 10. The tail gas exhausted by the engine needs to flow through the electric field device so as to effectively remove pollutants such as dust in the gas by using the electric field device; and then, the treated gas is discharged to the atmosphere again, so that the influence of the tail gas of the engine on the atmosphere is reduced.
Example 12
In this embodiment, the electric field generating unit is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an ionization electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
In this embodiment, the dc power supply may be a dc high-voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is in a hollow regular hexagonal tubular shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is in a rod shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the electric field anode 4051 in a penetrating manner, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 5cm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 5cm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the tail gas fluid channel of the electric field anode, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the polar distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 9.9mm, and under the action of the electric field anode 4052, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field generating unit is ensured to be higher. The electric field temperature is 200 ℃ and the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 99.9%; the electric field temperature is 400 ℃ and the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 90%; the electric field temperature was 500 ℃ and the dust collection efficiency was 50%.
In this embodiment, the electric field device includes a plurality of electric field stages formed by a plurality of the electric field generating units, so that dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by using a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field stage, the anodes of the electric fields are of the same polarity, and the cathodes of the electric fields are of the same polarity.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be granular dust.
In this embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas exhausted from the engine.
Example 13
In this embodiment, the electric field generating unit is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with two electrodes of a power source, the power source is a dc power source, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of the dc power source. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
In this embodiment, the dc power supply may be a dc high-voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is in a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is in a rod shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the electric field anode 4051 in a penetrating manner, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 9cm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 9cm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the tail gas fluid channel of the electric field anode, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the polar distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 139.9mm, and under the action of the electric field anode 4052, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field generating unit is ensured to be higher. The electric field temperature is 200 ℃ and the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 99.9%; the electric field temperature is 400 ℃ and the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 90%; the electric field temperature was 500 ℃ and the dust collection efficiency was 50%.
In this embodiment, the electric field device includes a plurality of electric field stages formed by a plurality of the electric field generating units, so that dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by using a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field stage, the anodes of the storage electric fields are of the same polarity, and the cathodes of the electric fields are of the same polarity.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be granular dust.
In this embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas exhausted from the engine.
Example 14
In this embodiment, the electric field generating unit is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with two electrodes of a power source, the power source is a dc power source, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of the dc power source. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
In this embodiment, the dc power supply may be a dc high-voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is in a hollow regular hexagonal tubular shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is in a rod shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the electric field anode 4051 in a penetrating manner, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 1cm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 1cm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the tail gas fluid channel of the electric field anode, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the polar distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 2.5mm, and under the action of the electric field anode 4052, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field generating unit is ensured to be higher. The electric field temperature is 200 ℃ and the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 99.9%; the electric field temperature is 400 ℃ and the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 90%; the electric field temperature was 500 ℃ and the dust collection efficiency was 50%.
In this embodiment, the electric field device includes a plurality of electric field stages formed by a plurality of the electric field generating units, so that dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by using a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field stage, the anodes of the electric fields are of the same polarity, and the cathodes of the electric fields are of the same polarity.
The electric field stages are connected in series, the electric field stages in series are connected through a connecting shell, and the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is larger than 1.4 times of the pole spacing. The electric field level is two-stage, namely a first-stage electric field and a second-stage electric field, and the first-stage electric field and the second-stage electric field are connected in series through a connecting shell.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be granular dust.
In this embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas exhausted from the engine.
Example 15
In this embodiment, the electric field generating unit is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with two electrodes of a power source, the power source is a dc power source, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of the dc power source. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
In this embodiment, the dc power supply may be a dc high-voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, in this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is in a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is in a rod shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 3cm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 2cm, the electric field anode 4051 includes a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is disposed in the tail gas fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the tail gas fluid channel of the electric field anode, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, an included angle α is formed between the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 and the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and α=90°, the pole spacing between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 20mm, and under the effect of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, more high-temperature impact resistant substances can be collected, and the dust collection efficiency of the electric field generating unit is ensured. The electric field temperature is 200 ℃ and the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 99.9%; the electric field temperature is 400 ℃ and the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 90%; the electric field temperature was 500 ℃ and the dust collection efficiency was 50%.
In this embodiment, the electric field device includes a plurality of electric field stages formed by a plurality of the electric field generating units, so that dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by using a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the dust collection electrodes have the same polarity, and the discharge electrodes have the same polarity.
The electric field stages are connected in series, the electric field stages in series are connected through a connecting shell, and the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is larger than 1.4 times of the pole spacing. As shown in fig. 12, the electric field stage has two stages, i.e., a first-stage electric field and a second-stage electric field, which are connected in series through a connection housing.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be granular dust.
In this embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas exhausted from the engine.
Example 16
The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system of the engine in this embodiment includes the electric field device in the above embodiment 12, embodiment 13, embodiment 14 or embodiment 15. The tail gas exhausted by the engine needs to flow through the electric field device so as to effectively remove pollutants such as dust in the tail gas by using the electric field device; and then, the treated gas is discharged to the atmosphere again, so that the influence of the tail gas of the engine on the atmosphere is reduced.
Example 17
The ionization dust removing mechanism in this embodiment is applied to a vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system, and comprises an electric field cathode 5081 and an electric field anode 5082 which are respectively electrically connected with a cathode and an anode of a direct current power supply, and an auxiliary electrode 5083 is electrically connected with the anode of the direct current power supply. In this embodiment, the electric field cathode 5081 has a negative potential, and the electric field anode 5082 and the auxiliary electrode 5083 have positive potentials.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 13, the auxiliary electrode 5083 is fixedly connected to the electric field anode 5082 in this embodiment. After the electric field anode 5082 is electrically connected to the anode of the dc power supply, it is also achieved that the auxiliary electrode 5083 is electrically connected to the anode of the dc power supply, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the electric field anode 5082 have the same positive potential.
As shown in fig. 13, the auxiliary electrode 5083 may extend in the front-rear direction in the present embodiment, that is, the length direction of the auxiliary electrode 5083 may be the same as the length direction of the electric field anode 5082.
As shown in fig. 13, in this embodiment, the electric field anode 5082 has a tubular shape, the electric field cathode 5081 has a rod shape, and the electric field cathode 5081 is disposed in the electric field anode 5082. In this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 5083 is also tubular, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the electric field anode 5082 form an anode tube 5084. The front end of the anode tube 5084 is flush with the electric field cathode 5081, the rear end of the anode tube 5084 is extended rearward beyond the rear end of the electric field cathode 5081, and the portion of the anode tube 5084 extended rearward compared to the electric field cathode 5081 is the auxiliary electrode 5083. That is, in the present embodiment, the lengths of the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081 are the same, and the positions of the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081 are opposite in the front-rear direction; the auxiliary electrode 5083 is located behind the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081. In this way, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the electric field cathode 5081, which exerts a rearward force on the flow of negatively charged oxygen ions between the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081, such that the flow of negatively charged oxygen ions between the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081 has a rearward movement velocity. When the gas containing the substance to be treated flows into the anode tube 5084 from front to back, oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with the substance to be treated in the process of moving to the electric field anode 5082 and back, as the oxygen ions have the backward moving speed, the oxygen ions can not generate stronger collision between the oxygen ions and the substance to be treated when being combined with the substance to be treated, so that the oxygen ions are easy to combine with the substance to be treated and the charge efficiency of the substance to be treated in the gas is higher, and more substances to be treated can be collected under the action of the electric field anode 5082 and the anode tube 5084, and the dust removal efficiency of the ionization dust removal mechanism is higher.
In addition, as shown in fig. 13, the rear end of the anode tube 5084 and the rear end of the electric field cathode 5081 in this embodiment have an angle α therebetween, and 0 ° < α.ltoreq.125 °, or 45 °. Ltoreq.α.ltoreq.125 °, or 60 °. Ltoreq.α.ltoreq.100 °, or α=90°.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 5082, the auxiliary electrode 5083, and the electric field cathode 5081 form a plurality of dust removing units, so that the dust removing efficiency of the ionization dust removing mechanism is effectively improved by using the plurality of dust removing units.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be granular dust, or other impurities to be treated.
The gas in this embodiment may be a gas to be introduced into the engine or a gas to be exhausted from the engine.
In this embodiment, the dc power supply may be a dc high-voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field cathode 5081 and the electric field anode 5082. Without the auxiliary electrode 5083, the ion flow in the electric field between the electric field cathode 5081 and the electric field anode 5082 is along the direction perpendicular to the electrodes, and flows back and forth between the electrodes, and causes the ion to be consumed back and forth between the electrodes. For this reason, the present embodiment uses the auxiliary electrode 5083 to shift the relative positions of the electrodes, resulting in a relative imbalance between the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081, which deflects the ion current in the electric field. The ionization dust removing mechanism forms an electric field which can make the ion flow directional by using the auxiliary electrode 5083. The ionization dust removing mechanism is also referred to as an electric field device with an acceleration direction in this embodiment. The ionization dust removing mechanism improves the collection rate of the particles entering the electric field along the ion flow direction by nearly one time compared with the collection rate of the particles entering the electric field along the counter ion flow direction, thereby improving the dust accumulation efficiency of the electric field and reducing the power consumption of the electric field. In addition, the main reason that the dust collection efficiency of the dust collection electric field in the prior art is lower is that the direction of dust entering the electric field is opposite to or vertically crossed with the direction of ion flow in the electric field, so that the mutual collision of the dust and the ion flow is severe, larger energy consumption is generated, the charge efficiency is influenced, the dust collection efficiency of the electric field in the prior art is further reduced, and the energy consumption is increased.
When the ionization dust removing mechanism is used for collecting dust in gas, the gas and the dust enter an electric field along the ion flow direction, the dust is sufficiently charged, and the electric field consumption is small; the dust collection efficiency of the monopole electric field can reach 99.99 percent. When gas and dust enter an electric field in the reverse ion flow direction, the dust charge is insufficient, the electric consumption of the electric field is increased, and the dust collection efficiency is 40% -75%. In addition, the ion flow formed by the ionization dust removing mechanism in the embodiment is beneficial to fluid transportation, oxygenation, heat exchange and the like of the unpowered fan.
Example 18
The ionization dust removing mechanism is applied to a vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system and comprises an electric field cathode and an electric field anode which are respectively and electrically connected with a cathode and an anode of a direct current power supply, and an auxiliary electrode is electrically connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply. In this embodiment both the auxiliary electrode and the electric field cathode have a negative potential and the electric field anode has a positive potential.
In this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode may be fixedly connected to the electric field cathode. Thus, after the electric field cathode is electrically connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply, the auxiliary electrode is electrically connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply. Meanwhile, the auxiliary electrode extends in the front-rear direction in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode is tubular, and the electric field cathode is rod-shaped and is disposed in the electric field anode in a penetrating manner. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the auxiliary electrode is also rod-shaped, and the auxiliary electrode and the electric field cathode form a cathode rod. The front end of the cathode rod extends forward beyond the front end of the electric field anode, and the part of the cathode rod extending forward beyond the electric field anode is the auxiliary electrode. Namely, in the embodiment, the lengths of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode are the same, and the positions of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode are opposite in the front-rear direction; the auxiliary electrode is positioned in front of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode. In this way, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode and the electric field anode, which exerts a rearward force on the negatively charged oxygen ion current between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, so that the negatively charged oxygen ion current between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode has a rearward movement velocity. When the gas containing the substance to be treated flows into the tubular electric field anode from front to back, oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with the substance to be treated in the process of moving backwards towards the electric field anode, and as the oxygen ions have the backward moving speed, the oxygen ions are combined with the substance to be treated, strong collision can not be generated between the oxygen ions and the substance to be treated, so that the oxygen ions are easy to combine with the substance to be treated due to the strong collision and the charge efficiency of the substance to be treated in the gas is higher, more substances to be treated can be collected under the action of the electric field anode, and the dust removal efficiency of the ionization dust removal mechanism is higher.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode, the auxiliary electrode, and the electric field cathode form a dust removing unit, and the number of the dust removing units is plural, so that the dust removing efficiency of the ionization dust removing mechanism is effectively improved by using the plural dust removing units.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be granular dust, or other impurities to be treated.
Example 19
As shown in fig. 14, the ionization and dust removal mechanism in this embodiment is applied to a vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 extends in the left-right direction. The length direction of the auxiliary electrode 5083 in this embodiment is different from the length direction of the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081. And the auxiliary electrode 5083 may be perpendicular to the electric field anode 5082.
In this embodiment, the electric field cathode 5081 and the electric field anode 5082 are electrically connected to the cathode and the anode of the dc power supply, respectively, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is electrically connected to the anode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the electric field cathode 5081 has a negative potential, and the electric field anode 5082 and the auxiliary electrode 5083 have positive potentials.
As shown in fig. 14, in the present embodiment, the electric field cathode 5081 and the electric field anode 5082 are positioned opposite to each other in the front-rear direction, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is positioned behind the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081. In this way, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the electric field cathode 5081, which exerts a rearward force on the flow of negatively charged oxygen ions between the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081, such that the flow of negatively charged oxygen ions between the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081 has a rearward movement velocity. When the gas containing the substance to be treated flows into the electric field between the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081 from front to back, oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with the substance to be treated in the process of moving backwards towards the electric field anode 5082, and as the oxygen ions have a backward moving speed, the oxygen ions are not strongly collided with the substance to be treated when being combined with the substance to be treated, so that the oxygen ions are easily combined with the substance to be treated due to the strong collision, the charge efficiency of the substance to be treated in the gas is higher, and more substances to be treated can be collected under the action of the electric field anode 5082, and the dust removal efficiency of the ionization dust removal mechanism is higher.
Example 20
As shown in fig. 15, the ionization and dust removal mechanism in this embodiment is applied to a vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 extends in the left-right direction. The length direction of the auxiliary electrode 5083 in this embodiment is different from the length direction of the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081. And the auxiliary electrode 5083 may be perpendicular to the electric field cathode 5081.
In this embodiment, the electric field cathode 5081 and the electric field anode 5082 are electrically connected to the cathode and the anode of the dc power supply, respectively, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is electrically connected to the cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the electric field cathode 5081 and the auxiliary electrode 5083 have negative potential, and the electric field anode 5082 has positive potential.
As shown in fig. 15, in the present embodiment, the electric field cathode 5081 and the electric field anode 5082 are positioned opposite to each other in the front-rear direction, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is positioned in front of the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081. In this way, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the electric field anode 5082, which exerts a rearward force on the flow of negatively charged oxygen ions between the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081, such that the flow of negatively charged oxygen ions between the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081 has a rearward movement velocity. When the gas containing the substance to be treated flows into the electric field between the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081 from front to back, oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with the substance to be treated in the process of moving backwards towards the electric field anode 5082, and as the oxygen ions have a backward moving speed, the oxygen ions are not strongly collided with the substance to be treated when being combined with the substance to be treated, so that the oxygen ions are easily combined with the substance to be treated due to the strong collision, the charge efficiency of the substance to be treated in the gas is higher, and more substances to be treated can be collected under the action of the electric field anode 5082, and the dust removal efficiency of the ionization dust removal mechanism is higher.
Example 21
The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system of the engine in this embodiment includes the ionization dust removal mechanism in the above-described embodiment 17, 19, 20, or 21. The tail gas exhausted by the engine needs to flow through the ionization dust removing mechanism so as to effectively remove pollutants such as dust in the gas by utilizing the ionization dust removing mechanism; and then, the treated gas is discharged to the atmosphere again, so that the influence of the tail gas of the engine on the atmosphere is reduced. The engine exhaust apparatus in this embodiment is also referred to as an exhaust gas treatment apparatus, and the exhaust gas dust removing mechanism is also referred to as an exhaust gas ionization dust removing mechanism.
In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utility value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (13)

1. An on-board exhaust and air dust removal system, comprising:
a tail gas inlet;
an air inlet;
the electric field device comprises an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, wherein the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are used for generating an ionization electric field; the electric field anode comprises one or more hollow anode tubes which are arranged in parallel, and the electric field cathode penetrates into the dedusting electric field anode; the length of the electric field anode is selected from 10-180 mm; the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is 3.334:1-113.34:1, the electrode distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is 2.5-139.9 mm, the electric field cathode comprises at least one electrode rod or a plurality of cathode wires, and the diameter of the electrode rod or the diameter of the cathode wires is not more than 3mm;
in the course of the operation of the machine,
the tail gas and the air respectively enter the dust removing system through the tail gas inlet and the air inlet,
the tail gas and air enter the electric field device through the electric field device inlet,
the tail gas and the air are subjected to dust removal and purification through the ionization electric field,
the tail gas and air flow out of the electric field device outlet.
2. The vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the air introduced is 50% to 300% of the weight of the exhaust gas, or 100% to 180% of the weight of the exhaust gas, or 120% to 150% of the weight of the exhaust gas, or more than 300% of the weight of the exhaust gas.
3. The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the length of the electric field cathode is 30-180 mm.
4. The vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein the number of coupling times of the ionization electric field is equal to or less than 3 when operating.
5. The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein the electric field anode consists of a hollow tube bundle, the hollow cross section of the electric field anode tube bundle adopts a round shape or a polygonal shape, and the tube bundle of the electric field anode is honeycomb-shaped.
6. The vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein the electric field anode comprises a first anode portion and a second anode portion, at least one cathode support plate being disposed between the first anode portion and the second anode portion.
7. The vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein the electric field device further comprises an auxiliary electric field unit, the ionization electric field comprising a flow channel, the auxiliary electric field unit for generating an auxiliary electric field that is non-perpendicular to the flow channel.
8. The vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein the electric field device further comprises an electret element in the ionizing electric field.
9. The vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system according to claim 1, further comprising a pre-electrode that, in operation, charges contaminants in the air as the contaminated air passes through the pre-electrode before the contaminated air enters the ionised dust removal electric field formed by the electric field cathode and the electric field anode.
10. The vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein the electric field device detects electric field current when electric field dust is deposited, and carbon black cleaning is achieved by adopting any one of the following modes:
(1) When the electric field current increases to a given value, the electric field device increases the electric field voltage;
(2) When the electric field current is increased to a given value, the electric field device utilizes the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to finish carbon black cleaning;
(3) When the electric field current is increased to a given value, the electric field device increases the voltage by utilizing the phenomenon of electric field back corona discharge, limits the injection current and finishes carbon black cleaning;
(4) When the electric field current is increased to a given value, the electric field device utilizes the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to increase the voltage and limit the injection current, so that the rapid discharge at the carbon deposition position of the anode generates plasma, the plasma enables the carbon black organic components to be deeply oxidized, macromolecular bonds to be broken, and micromolecular carbon dioxide and water are formed, thereby completing carbon black cleaning.
11. The vehicle exhaust and air dust removal system according to claim 1, further comprising an engine.
12. A vehicle comprising the in-vehicle exhaust gas and air dust removal system according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
13. A method of purifying contaminated zone air comprising, within a contaminated zone, driving the vehicle of claim 12.
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CN201990001105.5U Active CN217897990U (en) 2018-10-22 2019-10-21 Tail gas electric field device and engine tail gas dust removal system
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