CN113364405A - Single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on double-battery-board differential detection - Google Patents
Single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on double-battery-board differential detection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113364405A CN113364405A CN202110541892.6A CN202110541892A CN113364405A CN 113364405 A CN113364405 A CN 113364405A CN 202110541892 A CN202110541892 A CN 202110541892A CN 113364405 A CN113364405 A CN 113364405A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- photovoltaic
- self
- powered
- photovoltaic tracking
- tracking support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000127225 Enceliopsis nudicaulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-shaft tracking support anti-shadow control system based on double-battery-plate differential detection, which comprises a photovoltaic tracking controller containing an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit), and two self-powered photovoltaic battery plates with the same parameters, wherein the two self-powered photovoltaic battery plates are respectively arranged on two sides of a tracking support, and are used as a shielding detection sensor while supplying power to the tracking controller. The invention simultaneously solves the power supply problem of the photovoltaic tracking support and the closed loop detection problem of the shading shadow, and achieves the purposes of simplifying the construction debugging of the single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support and improving the accuracy and the reliability of the anti-shadow control system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sun tracking devices, and relates to a single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on double-battery-board differential detection.
Background
The tracking type photovoltaic support is special equipment for bearing a photovoltaic cell panel and tracking the movement of the sun to improve the power generation amount of the photovoltaic cell panel. A tracking photovoltaic mount having a single axis of rotation that tracks the movement of the sun in only one direction is referred to as a single axis photovoltaic tracking mount. Array type densely-installed single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support, in a time period when the solar altitude angle is relatively low in the morning and evening, the upper part of a front row tracking support facing the sun can shield the lower part of a rear row tracking support. The shaded lower cell panel surface of the photovoltaic tracking support can generate a shadow area due to shading because no sun directly irradiates light.
The photovoltaic cell panel assemblies and the photovoltaic cell sheets in the photovoltaic cell panel assemblies are connected in series to form a high-voltage direct-current power supply. In the high-voltage photovoltaic assembly string, the shielded cell can not only generate electricity, but also become energy-consuming load of other cells, and the overall generated energy output of the photovoltaic assembly string is seriously influenced. Therefore, in the tracking angle control process of the single-axis photovoltaic tracking support, the tracking controller is required to switch to a control method for reducing the tracking angle and avoiding shadow shielding in the working period of possible shadow shielding. This control method is colloquially referred to as "anti-shadow control".
The traditional single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow control is an open-loop control system, a controller does not perform feedback detection on whether a tracking support is subjected to shielding shadow or not, only calculates whether the shadow is generated or not by a mathematical derivation method, and performs anti-shadow control according to a calculation result.
According to a traditional single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow control system, firstly, field debugging personnel are required to manually set the parameters of the distance D and the height difference H between rotating shafts of tracking supports according to actual measurement results. And then in the anti-shadow time period, the tracking controller calculates the target angle of the rotating shaft of the tracking support without generating the shadow in an open loop mode according to the incident height angle of the sun rays and the width L of the tracking support, and then controls the rotating shaft to the target angle to realize the anti-shadow control.
The traditional anti-shadow control system has the problems that the workload of field installation and setting of parameters of the distance D between the rotating shafts and the height difference H of the tracking support is large, and the complexity of installation and debugging of equipment is increased. Meanwhile, large-scale manual measurement is easy to generate errors, and particularly in sloping fields and hilly lands, the accuracy of manually measuring the distance D between the rotating shafts and the height difference H is difficult to guarantee. Because a closed-loop detection means is not provided, once the control parameter setting of the traditional open-loop anti-shadow control system is inaccurate, the effect of anti-shadow can be directly influenced, or shadow is formed to obviously influence the generating capacity, or land resources are wasted, and solar radiation energy cannot be fully received.
The controller of the photovoltaic tracking support needs an external working power supply, and the working power supply of the photovoltaic tracking support has multiple sources for selection, and comprises multiple choices of centralized power supply of an external power grid power supply, power supply of a high-voltage group, self power supply of an independent battery panel and the like. The self-powered independent solar panel is characterized in that a small special photovoltaic solar panel separated from a power grid is arranged near the photovoltaic tracking controller to provide power for the photovoltaic tracking controller. Since the power supply is independent of the power supply of the power grid, the power supply mode is called that the independent photovoltaic cell panel is self-powered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on double-battery-plate differential detection, which solves the problems of power supply of a photovoltaic tracking support and closed-loop detection of shadow shielding, simplifies construction debugging of the single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support, and improves the accuracy and reliability of an anti-shadow control system.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the single-shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket anti-shadow system based on double-battery-plate differential detection comprises a photovoltaic tracking controller and an electric driver electrically connected with the photovoltaic tracking controller, wherein the electric driver is arranged on a rotating shaft of the single-shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket and drives the rotating shaft to rotate, a plurality of main power generation photovoltaic battery plates are arranged on the rotating shaft in an array way, a left self-powered photovoltaic battery plate and a right self-powered photovoltaic battery plate are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of a mounting gap between any two adjacent main power generation photovoltaic battery plates, the electrical parameters of the left self-powered photovoltaic battery plate and the right self-powered photovoltaic battery plate are the same, the left edge of the left self-powered photovoltaic battery plate is aligned with the left edge of a main power generation photovoltaic battery plate array, the right edge of the right self-powered photovoltaic battery plate is, the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel are both electrically connected with the photovoltaic tracking controller;
the photovoltaic tracking controller comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit) processor, a left side input electric energy detection device and a right side input electric energy detection device, wherein the left side input electric energy detection device and the right side input electric energy detection device are electrically connected with the MCU processor, the left side self-powered photovoltaic cell panel and the right side self-powered photovoltaic cell panel are respectively and electrically connected with the left side input electric energy detection device and the right side input electric energy detection device, and the MCU processor is electrically connected with an electric driver.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
setting a detection threshold, wherein under the condition of no shielding, the generated energy of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel is theoretically the same, when one of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel is shielded, the energy received by the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel is different, when the difference value reaches the set detection threshold, an MCU processor in a photovoltaic tracking controller can judge that the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel or the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel with smaller output energy is shielded, the photovoltaic tracking controller outputs an electric signal to control an electric driver, and a main power generation photovoltaic cell panel, the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel which are carried on the electric driver are driven by the electric driver to drive a rotating shaft to track the movement of the sun, until the difference is less than a set detection threshold.
The photovoltaic power generation array is provided with a front row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support and a back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support, the rotating shafts of the front row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support and the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support are parallel, the horizontal distance between the two rotating shafts is H, in the tracking period with a lower solar altitude angle, the upper edge of a main power generation photovoltaic cell panel array on the front row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support can shield the solar incident light projected to the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support, a shielding area is formed at the lower part of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel array of the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support, after shielding occurs, the left self-supply photovoltaic cell panel at the lower part of the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support is partially shielded, the output energy is reduced, and the electric energy difference value of two energy detection devices in a tracking controller of the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support is increased, after the difference value reaches the set detection threshold value, the photovoltaic tracking controller of the back-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support can detect that the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel is shielded, and then the photovoltaic tracking controller of the back-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support controls the electric driver to drive the rotating shaft to rotate until the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel array of the back-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support is not shielded, namely the difference value of the output energy of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel corresponding to the back-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support is smaller than the set detection threshold value.
When the incident ray angle of the sun is theta1The rotation angles of the front row of single-shaft photovoltaic tracking supports and the rear row of single-shaft photovoltaic tracking supports are respectively alpha1And alpha2When the shielding area is formed at the lower part of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support, the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel at the left side of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support is partially shielded, the output energy is reduced, after the photovoltaic tracking controller of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support detects the shielding, the position of the left edge of the tracker and the position of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel are raised by a method of driving the rotary shaft to move in the horizontal direction through the electric driver, the shielding of a shadow is avoided, and when the angle of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support is changed from alpha to alpha2Run to beta2And then, the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel is separated from the shadow shielding, the difference value between the output energy of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel and the output energy of the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel is recovered to be within an allowable threshold value, the photovoltaic tracking controller can judge that the tracking support is separated from the shadow shielding, and the system finishes the anti-shadow control.
The photovoltaic tracking controller further comprises a controller communication interface, the controller communication interface is electrically connected with the MCU processor, the controller communication interfaces of the single-shaft photovoltaic tracking supports are connected through the communication interfaces, and each photovoltaic tracking controller acquires the working angle of the adjacent single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support through the controller communication interface.
The MCU treater of photovoltaic tracking controller passes through main power generation photovoltaic cell panel's width L, solar ray incident angle theta, the tracking angle alpha of front row unipolar photovoltaic tracking support and the working angle beta that back row unipolar photovoltaic tracking support breaks away from the shadow and shelters from, realizes resolving installation interval H and difference in height D between the front and back row unipolar photovoltaic tracking support, and the conversion computational formula between the physical quantity is as follows:
the following three cases are distinguished:
the first condition is as follows: h unknown mounted on flat ground
The rotation axis height of front row unipolar photovoltaic tracking support and back row unipolar photovoltaic tracking support is the same, promptly be exactly that difference in height D equals 0, and main electricity generation photovoltaic cell board's width is known length L, then according to sunlight incident angle theta, the tracking angle alpha of front row unipolar photovoltaic tracking support and the work angle beta that back row unipolar photovoltaic tracking support breaks away from the shadow and shelters from of sunlight, calculate the interval H of the rotation axis of front row unipolar photovoltaic tracking support and back row unipolar photovoltaic tracking support, the formula is as follows:
case two: slope installation is known
The interval H of the rotation axis of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support and the back row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support is known, and then the height difference D of the rotation axis of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support and the back row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support is calculated according to the incident angle theta of the sun, the tracking angle alpha of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support and the working angle beta of the back row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support which is sheltered from the shadow, and specifically is as follows:
if D is a positive value, the position of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support is low, and if D is a negative value, the position of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support is high;
case three: installation of slopes H and D is unknown
When the distance H and the height difference D between the rotating shafts of the front-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support and the rear-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support are unknown, the height difference D and the distance H between the rotating shafts of the front-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support and the rear-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support are calculated according to the incident angle theta of solar rays, the tracking angle alpha of the front-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support and the working angle beta of the rear-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support, which is separated from shadow shielding: and establishing an equation under two working angles for simultaneous solution.
And in the third case or under different solar incident angles theta, increasing the number of simultaneous equations of the reverse shadow, and solving the numerical values of the height difference D and the distance H of the rotating shafts of the front-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support and the rear-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support by a least square method.
The frame width of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel and the frame width of the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel are smaller than the frame width of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel, and the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel are firstly shielded when shielding occurs.
The solar photovoltaic cell panel sliding device is characterized in that a cell panel sliding way perpendicular to a rotating shaft is arranged between any two adjacent main power generation photovoltaic cell panels, two sides of each of the two self-power photovoltaic cell panels are respectively slidably mounted in the left side and the right side of the cell panel sliding way, a blocking part is arranged on each cell panel sliding way and used for limiting the sliding range of each self-power photovoltaic cell panel, and under the limitation of the blocking part, the left self-power photovoltaic cell panel and the right self-power photovoltaic cell panel can slide out for a set distance to the outer side of each main power generation photovoltaic cell panel.
The left side self-powered photovoltaic cell panel and the right side self-powered photovoltaic cell panel are arranged between any two adjacent main power generation photovoltaic cell panels or arranged at the tail end of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel array.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention combines and processes the power supply problem and the occlusion shadow detection problem of the photovoltaic tracking support controller, simplifies the system structure, prevents the failure of the anti-shadow control caused by inaccurate working parameter setting through the real-time detection of the occlusion shadow, and improves the reliability of the anti-shadow control of the system.
According to the invention, through the communication interface of the tracker, the adjacent trackers can exchange working angle information, and further, the distance and height difference parameters of the trackers are calculated through the incident angle of the sun and the angle of the trackers when the trackers are separated from the shadow, and the trackers can also realize accurate active anti-shadow control based on the actually measured installation parameters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-axis photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on double-panel differential detection according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the single-axis photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on the double-battery-board differential detection of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of shadow forming principle and shadow detection of a front row tracking bracket and a rear row tracking bracket of a single-axis photovoltaic tracking bracket anti-shadow system based on double-cell-panel differential detection;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control of the equal-height installation of the anti-shadow of the photovoltaic tracking support of the single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on the differential detection of the double cell panels on the horizontal ground;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control of the back row anti-shadow of the photovoltaic tracking support of the single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on the double-battery-plate differential detection in the unequal height sloping fields;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the control of the common anti-shadow of the single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on the double-battery-plate differential detection in the front and rear rows of photovoltaic tracking supports on unequal height sloping fields;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the sliding installation of a self-powered photovoltaic cell panel in a single-axis photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on dual-cell-panel differential detection according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a photovoltaic tracking controller, 2, an electric driver, 3, a left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel, 4, a right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel, 5, a single-shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket, 6, incident rays of the sun, 7, a shading area, 8, a gear component;
101. the left side inputs the electric energy detection device, 102, the right side inputs the electric energy detection device, 103, the controller communication interface;
510. a rotating shaft, 520, a main power generation photovoltaic panel, 521, a left edge, 522, a right edge, 530, a panel slide;
5-1. front row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support, and 5-2. back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a single-shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket anti-shadow system based on double-battery-plate differential detection, which has a structure shown in figure 1 and comprises a photovoltaic tracking controller 1 and an electric driver 2 electrically connected with the photovoltaic tracking controller 1, wherein the electric driver 2 is arranged on a rotating shaft 510 of a single-shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket 5 and drives the rotating shaft 510 to rotate, as shown in figure 2, a plurality of main power generation photovoltaic battery plates 520 are arranged on the rotating shaft 510 in an array manner, the outputs of the main power generation photovoltaic battery plates 520 are connected together, the output electric energy is converted by an inverter and then is transmitted to a power grid, a left self-powered photovoltaic battery plate 3 and a right self-powered photovoltaic battery plate 4 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side between any two adjacent main power generation photovoltaic battery plates 520, the electrical parameters of the left self-powered photovoltaic battery plate 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic battery plate 4 are the same, the left edge of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 is aligned with the left edge 521 of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 array, the right edge of the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 is aligned with the right edge 522 of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 array, the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 are both electrically connected with the photovoltaic tracking controller 1, the two self-powered photovoltaic cell panels collect electric energy output by solar irradiation energy conversion, and the electric energy is transmitted to the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 through a cable to serve as a working power supply of the photovoltaic tracking controller 1;
the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit) processor, a left input electric energy detection device 101 and a right input electric energy detection device 102 which are electrically connected with the MCU processor, the left input electric energy detection device 101 and the right input electric energy detection device 102 are respectively and electrically connected with a left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and a right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4, and the MCU processor is electrically connected with an electric driver 2.
Setting a detection threshold, wherein under the condition of no shielding, theoretically, the power generation amounts of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 are the same, the difference value of the energy signals output to the MCU processor by the left input power detection device 101 and the right input power detection device 102 is approximately zero, when one of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 is shielded, the energy received by the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 is different, when the difference value reaches the set detection threshold, the MCU processor in the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 can determine that the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 or the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 with smaller output energy is shielded, and the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 outputs an electric signal to control the electric driver 2, the electric driver 2 drives the rotating shaft 510 to drive the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 and the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 carried on the rotating shaft to track the movement of the sun until the difference is smaller than the set detection threshold.
As shown in FIG. 3, a front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1 and a rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 are installed in the photovoltaic power generation array, the rotating shafts 510 of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1 and the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 are parallel to each other, the distance between the two rotating shafts 510 is H, the upper edge of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 array on the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1 blocks the solar incident light 6 projected on the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 in the tracking period with a lower solar altitude angle, a blocking area 7 is formed at the lower part of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 array of the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2, and after blocking occurs, the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 at the lower part of the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 is partially blocked, the output energy is reduced, the difference value of the electric energy of two energy detection devices in the tracking controller 1 of the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 is increased, after the difference value reaches a set detection threshold value, the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 of the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 can detect that the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 on the left side is shielded, the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 of the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 controls the electric driver 2 to drive the rotating shaft 510 to rotate until the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 array of the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 is not shielded, namely, the difference value of the output energy of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 corresponding to the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 is smaller than the set detection threshold value; as shown in fig. 3, the left photovoltaic panel rotates to a lower position, and for the flat single shaft arranged in the north-south direction of the rotating shaft 510, the posture of the tracker changes along with the position of the sun, so that the left photovoltaic panel also rotates to a high position, and the right photovoltaic panel rotates to a low position, and what is shielded at this time is the right self-powered photovoltaic panel 4.
As shown in FIG. 4, when the incident ray 6 of the sun has an angle θ1The rotation angles of the front and back row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking supports 5-1 and the back row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking supports 5-2 are respectively alpha1And alpha2When the shielding area 7 is formed at the lower part of the back row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2, the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 at the left side is partially shielded, the output energy is reduced, after the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 of the back row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 detects the shielding, the position of the left edge 521 of the tracker and the position of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 at the left side are raised by a method that the electric driver 2 drives the rotating shaft 510 to move towards the horizontal direction, so as to avoid the shielding of the shadow, as shown in fig. 4, when the angle of the back row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 is changed from alpha2Run to beta2Then, the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 on the left side is separated from the shadow shielding, the difference value between the output energy of the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the output energy of the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 on the right side is recovered to be within the allowable threshold value, the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 can judge that the tracking support is separated from the shadow shielding, and the system finishes the anti-shadow control.
As shown in fig. 1, the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 further includes a controller communication interface 103, the controller communication interface 103 is electrically connected to the MCU processor, the controller communication interfaces 103 of two adjacent single-axis photovoltaic tracking supports 5 are connected through the communication interface, and each photovoltaic tracking controller 1 obtains the working angle of the adjacent single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5 through the controller communication interface 103.
The MCU processor of the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 realizes resolving the installation distance H and the height difference D between the front row and the rear row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking supports 5 through the width L of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520, the incident angle theta of solar rays, the tracking angle alpha of the front row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking supports 5-1 and the working angle beta of the rear row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking supports 5-2 separated from shadow shielding, and the conversion calculation formula between the physical quantities is as follows:
the following three cases are distinguished:
the first condition is as follows: installation on flat ground
As shown in fig. 4, if the heights of the rotating shafts 510 of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1 and the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 are the same, that is, the height difference D is 0, and the width of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 is the known length L, the distance H between the rotating shafts 510 of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1 and the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 is calculated according to the incident angle θ of the sun ray, the tracking angle α of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1, and the working angle β of the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 out of shadow shielding, and the formula is as follows:
case two: slope installation
As shown in fig. 5, if the distance H between the rotating shafts 510 of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1 and the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 is known, then the height difference D between the rotating shafts 510 of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1 and the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 is calculated according to the incident angle θ of the solar ray, the tracking angle α of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1, and the working angle β of the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 out of shadow shielding, specifically:
if D is a positive value, the position of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 is low, and if D is a negative value, the position of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 is high;
case three: slope installation
As shown in fig. 5, when the distance H and the height difference D between the rotating shafts 510 of the front-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1 and the rear-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 are unknown, the height difference D and the distance H between the rotating shafts 510 of the front-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1 and the rear-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 are calculated according to the incident angle θ of solar rays, the tracking angle α of the front-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1, and the working angle β of the rear-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 out of shadow shielding: and establishing an equation under two working angles for simultaneous solution.
In case three or under different solar incident angles theta, the number of simultaneous equations of the anti-shadow is increased, and the numerical values of the height difference D and the distance H of the rotating shafts 510 of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1 and the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 are solved through a least square method.
In order to improve the performance of the anti-shadow control system, the work of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 is not influenced as much as possible in the process of detecting shadow occlusion, the frame width of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 is smaller than that of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520, when the shadow occlusion occurs, firstly, the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 or the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 is shielded and supplied with power, because the frame of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 is wider, when the shadow on the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 blocks the frame area and does not reach the internal cell piece to cause influence, the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 can detect the difference between the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 caused by shielding, and starts the anti-shadow control to prevent the operation of the main power generating photovoltaic cell panel 520 from being affected by the shadow.
For improvement, when the frame width of the main photovoltaic cell panels 520 is narrow or the frame-less photovoltaic cell panel assembly is adopted, a cell panel slide 530 perpendicular to the rotating shaft 510 is disposed between any two adjacent main photovoltaic cell panels 520, and two sides of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 are respectively slidably mounted in the left side and the right side of the cell panel slide 530, so that the two sides can slide along the direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 510 of the tracking support. The sliding range of the self-powered battery board is limited by the gear component in the sliding way, when the self-powered photovoltaic battery board is located at a low side position which is easy to be shielded, the self-powered photovoltaic battery board slides outwards by a certain preset distance s under the action of gravity, and the position is reduced, so that the situation that the left self-powered photovoltaic battery board 3 or the right self-powered photovoltaic battery board 4 is shielded before the main power generation photovoltaic battery board 520 is shielded can be ensured, the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 can detect the difference between the left self-powered photovoltaic battery board 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic battery board 4 caused by shielding before the main power generation photovoltaic battery board 520 is shielded, and starts the anti-shadow control, and the work of the main power generation photovoltaic battery board 520 is prevented from.
When the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel is at a high-side position where the back row tracking bracket is easily shielded, the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel slides inwards under the action of gravity, the position is lowered, the outer edge of the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel is aligned with the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520, and it is ensured that the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel does not cause additional shadow shielding on the back row tracking bracket.
The self-powered photovoltaic cell panel can automatically slide under the action of gravity. The driving device can also be arranged to complete the action controlled by the controller.
The two energy detection devices can be current detection circuits, voltage detection circuits or other circuits capable of measuring the flowing magnitude of the electric energy.
After the back row photovoltaic tracking controller detects that the shadow is shielded, the shielding information can be transmitted to the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 of the front row tracker through the built-in control communication interface 103, so that the tracking angle is reduced, the height of the upper edge of the photovoltaic cell panel is reduced, and the shielding of the back row photovoltaic cell panel is avoided.
The left self-powered photovoltaic panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic panel 4 of the present invention are mounted between any adjacent two main power generating photovoltaic panels 520 or at the extreme ends of the array of main power generating photovoltaic panels 520, requiring the attachment to be mounted outside of the attachment when mounted at the extreme ends.
Examples
An anti-shadow control system of a single-shaft tracking support based on double-photovoltaic-panel differential detection is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a photovoltaic tracking controller 1, an electric driver 2 driven by direct current 24V, a left self-powered photovoltaic panel 3 and a right self-powered photovoltaic panel 4, wherein the electrical parameters of the left self-powered photovoltaic panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic panel 4 are the same, and the two self-powered photovoltaic panels output as working power supplies of the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 and are used for driving the electric driver 2 to rotate.
In the example, the tracker adopts a single-row vertical arrangement structure, the size of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 is 2000mm multiplied by 1000mm, and the width of the frame is 40 mm. The tracker span width is 2000mm, i.e. the cell plate array left edge to right edge distance is 2000 mm.
The rated power of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 is 20W, the size is 340mm multiplied by 400mm, the frame width is 15mm, the rated output voltage is 24V, and the rated output current is 833 mA.
As shown in fig. 2, the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 is mounted on the tracking carriage 5, and the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 are mounted on the rotating shaft 510 together with the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520. The left edge of the left self-powered photovoltaic panel 3 is aligned with the left edge 521 of the array of main generating photovoltaic panels 520. The right edge of the right self-powered photovoltaic panel 4 is aligned with the right edge 522 of the array of primary generating photovoltaic panels 520. The motorized drive 2 is connected to the rotation axis 510 of the single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5. The electric driver 2 drives the rotating shaft 510 to drive the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 and the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 carried thereon to track the movement of the sun in the sky.
The battery plates in the left self-powered photovoltaic battery plate 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic battery plate 4 are in a series connection structure, and once the edge is shielded by a shadow, the current output capacity of the battery plates is rapidly reduced. Two current detection circuits are arranged in the photovoltaic tracking controller 1, are respectively connected with the output ends of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4, detect the magnitude of the current value input into the photovoltaic tracking controller 1, and the input currents from the two self-powered photovoltaic cell panels are connected together through an anti-reverse current diode after passing through a current detection sensor and are connected into an energy storage element in the tracking controller. The detection results of the two current sensors are input into an MCU controller in the tracking controller, and when the difference of the input currents is larger than 5% -10%, the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel with the smaller input current can be judged to be shaded.
The left and right shielding relation of the photovoltaic tracker can be reversed due to the change of the position of the sun in the morning and at night. If the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 is shielded in the morning, the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 is shielded in the evening.
In the morning period as shown in fig. 3, the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 on the right side of the back row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 is higher in position and cannot be shielded, and the output current of the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel can be used as a reference variable for shielding detection. When the shielding does not occur, the output currents of the two self-powered photovoltaic cell panels are both assumed to be 360 mA. When the shielding area 7 formed by the right edge 522 of the upper side of the front row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1 invades the lower end of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 of the rear row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 and crosses a frame of 15mm to start covering the cell, the output current of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 starts to decrease. When the shadow invasion distance reaches about 40mm (invaded about 25mm in the cell area), the input current of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 is less than 10% of the current value of the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4, that is, 360-36 ═ 324mA, the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 of the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 can determine that the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 is blocked.
As shown in FIG. 4, when the input angle of the incident solar ray 6 is θ1The rotation angles of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-1 and the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 are respectively alpha1And alpha2A shielding area 7 is formed, after the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 of the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 detects shielding, the electric driver 2 is controlled to drive the rotating shaft 510 of the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 to rotate to the horizontal position, the position of the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 on the left side is raised to avoid shielding of shadows, and the angle of the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support 5-2 is changed from alpha2Run to beta2Afterwards, the width of the coverage area of the shadow on the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 is reduced to about 25mm (about 10mm invades the cell area), the input current of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 is recovered to be within 5% of the difference value of the current value of the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4, namely 360-8 ═ 342mA, it can be judged that the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 exits the shadow shielding, and the system completes the anti-shadow control. Beta at this time2I.e. the angle at which the tracking support breaks away from the shadow mask.
During the detection of the shadow and the anti-shadow control by the tracking carriage, it is possible that the output current 360mA of the right-side self-powered photovoltaic panel 4, which is used as a reference parameter in the above example, changes, but the trigger threshold of 10% and the exit occlusion threshold of 5% remain unchanged.
In the anti-shadow period at night, the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 is higher in position and cannot be shielded, the photovoltaic tracking controller 1 can detect whether the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 is shielded or not by using the output current of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 as a reference variable, and the detection and control processes are similar to those in the morning period and are not repeatedly expressed.
After the shadow invades the photovoltaic cell panel array by 40mm in the above example, the tracking support starts to execute the anti-shadow action, and because the frame width of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 is 40mm, in the process of shadow shielding detection and anti-shadow action, the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 is only shielded by the shadow, and the internal photovoltaic cell piece is not influenced by the shadow shielding, so that the output power generation amount of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel is not influenced.
As shown in fig. 1, a controller communication interface 103 is built in the photovoltaic tracking controller 1, and real-time working angle information can be exchanged between adjacent single-shaft photovoltaic tracking supports 5 through the communication interface.
According to the incident angle theta of the solar ray and the working angle alpha of the front-row tracker1Beta of working angle when rear-row tracker is separated from shadow shielding2The photovoltaic tracking controller 1 can automatically calculate geographical information such as an installation distance H and a height difference D between the photovoltaic tracking supports, and the specific conditions are divided into the following three types.
1. The flat ground installation, tracker mounting height is the same, and the difference in height D between the axle is 0, and installation interval H is unknown:
as shown in FIG. 4, assuming that the width of the panel is 2000mm, the value of the solar altitude angle theta is theta1When the angle is 20 degrees, the front row tracker works at an angle alpha145 degrees, rear tracker working angle alpha2When the shading occurs at 45, the back-row tracker reduces the tracking angle to beta under the control of the back-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking controller 12And when the angle is 20 degrees, the shadow is removed from the occlusion.
According to formula (2)
H＝((707+342+0)/0.364+707+939)＝2882+707+939＝4528mm
The distance H between the axes of rotation of the front and rear single-axis trackers was 4528 mm.
2. Mounting on a sloping field, wherein the mounting distance H of the tracker is known, and the height difference D is unknown:
as shown in fig. 5, it is assumed that the panel width is 2000mm and the tracker mounting pitch H is 4500 mm. At solar altitude theta1When the angle is 20 degrees, the front row tracker works at an angle alpha145 degrees, rear tracker working angle alpha2When the angle is 45, the front-row tracker is not operated and the working angle alpha is kept145 degrees, the back tracker reduces the tracking angle to β2The shadow disappears at 22 degrees.
Then according to equation (3):
D＝0.364(4500-707-927)-(707+375)D＝1043-1082＝-39mm
d is positive back row low, D is negative back row high; the height difference is-39 mm, and the rear row is 39mm higher than the front row.
As shown in fig. 6, it is assumed that the tracker mounting pitch H is 4500 mm.When the solar altitude is 20 degrees, the working angle alpha of the front-row tracker is145 degrees, rear tracker working angle alpha2When the shading occurs when the shading is 45 hours, in the process of anti-shading, the front-row tracker and the rear-row tracker act together, and the working angle beta of the front-row tracker is1And back row tracker angle beta2The shadow disappears at 32.0 degrees.
According to formula (3)
D＝0.364(4500-848-848)-(530+530)D＝1043-1082＝-39mm
D is positive back row low, D is negative back row high; the height difference is-39 mm, and the rear row is 39mm higher than the front row.
3. The installation of hillside fields, tracker installation interval H and difference in height D are unknown:
under the condition that the installation distance H and the height difference D of the trackers are unknown, the solar tracking device can be used at different solar incidence angles theta1And theta2Time of day separately measuring beta2(1) And beta2(2) And establishing a simultaneous equation set, and solving the installation distance H and the height difference D.
Then constructing simultaneous equations according to equation (3)
When the solar altitude is 20 degrees, the front-row tracker and the rear-row tracker are shielded, the front-row tracker and the rear-row tracker jointly adjust the tracking angle to eliminate shadows, and the working angle of the front-row tracker is adjusted to beta1(2) Adjusting the working angle of the rear-row tracker to beta at 30.72 DEG2(2) When the value is 34.22, the shadow is just eliminated
At the sun altitude of 15 degrees, the front-row trackerThe front-row tracker and the back-row tracker are shielded, the tracking angle is adjusted together to eliminate the shadow, and the working angle of the front-row tracker is adjusted to beta1(2) Adjusting the working angle of the rear-row tracker to beta at 20.49-2(2) When 23.99, just eliminate shadow
And establishing a simultaneous equation set according to the anti-shadow angles of the tracker under the two states of the solar altitude angle of 15 degrees and the solar altitude angle of 20 degrees, and solving the distance H and the altitude difference D.
D＝0.364(H-1000cos30.72°-1000cos34.22°)-(1000sin30.72°+1000sin34.22°)
D＝0.268(H-1000cos20.49°-1000cos23.99°)-(1000sin20.49°+1000sin23.99°)
According to the above equation, H-4528 mm and D-39 mm can be solved.
If the single-axis tracking support adopts a frameless photovoltaic cell panel, a shielding effect can be generated once a shadow enters the edge of the photovoltaic cell panel array, and the electric energy output of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 array is influenced.
In this case, as shown in fig. 7, the left self-powered photovoltaic panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic panel 4 may be mounted on a panel slide 530 perpendicular to the rotation axis 510. In this example, the sliding distance of the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel is limited to 40mm, in the morning back-shadow period shown in fig. 7, the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 is located at the low side, and slides out 40mm to the outside under the action of gravity, at this time, the outer edge of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 protrudes 40mm beyond the left edge 521 of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 array, and after the shadow invades 40mm inside the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3, the tracking support starts to perform back-shadow action, so the shielding area 7 formed by the front-row photovoltaic cell panel only appears outside the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3, and in the process of shielding shadow detection and back-shadow action, the photovoltaic cell inside the frameless main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 is not influenced by the shadow, and the power generation amount thereof is not influenced.
As shown in fig. 7, during the morning back-shadow period, the right self-powered photovoltaic panel 4 is on the high side of the photovoltaic tracking rack, and under the action of gravity, the right self-powered photovoltaic panel 4 slides inward. The right edge of which is flush with the right edge 522 of the array of main generating photovoltaic panels 520 and does not create additional shadows to its rear row of photovoltaic tracking supports.
In the normal tracking period of the separation from the anti-shadow at noon, the surfaces of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 3 and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 do not form the shadow, and the specific positions of the shadows do not influence the action of the tracking system.
In the afternoon anti-shadow period, the left self-powered photovoltaic panel 3 is lifted to a high position by the rotation of the rotating shaft 510 and slides inwards under the action of gravity, and the left edge of the left self-powered photovoltaic panel is flush with the left edge 521 of the main power generation photovoltaic panel 520 array, so that additional shadow cannot be generated on the rear row of photovoltaic tracking brackets. At this point, the right self-powered photovoltaic panel 4 is rotated to the low side, sliding out 40mm to the outside under the action of gravity. At this time, the outer edge of the self-powered photovoltaic panel 4 on the right side protrudes 40mm from the right edge 522 of the main power generation photovoltaic panel 520 array. After the shadow invades 40mm inside the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 on the right side, the tracking support starts to execute the anti-shadow action, so that the shielding area 7 formed by the front row of photovoltaic cell panels only appears on the outer side of the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel 4 on the right side, and in the process of shielding shadow detection and anti-shadow action, the photovoltaic cell inside the frameless main power generation photovoltaic cell panel 520 is not influenced by the shadow shielding, and the power generation amount of the frameless main power generation photovoltaic cell panel cannot be influenced.
After the shadow avoiding action is finished, the front and rear rows of photovoltaic trackers exchange real-time tracking angle information through the communication network, and the horizontal distance and the height difference between the front and rear rows of photovoltaic tracking supports can be solved. According to the width, the front-back row spacing and the height difference of the tracking support, the photovoltaic tracking controller can also actively carry out shadow projection calculation and avoidance actions by means of the calculation capability of the MCU, and further, shadow generation is completely avoided.
Compared with the traditional open-loop anti-shadow technology of manually setting the space and the height difference of the bracket, the single-axis photovoltaic tracker anti-shadow technology can simplify the debugging process. Meanwhile, the system is of a closed-loop structure, even if the distance and the height difference parameters of the tracking support are inaccurate due to construction errors, the technology can also realize closed-loop anti-shadow through actual detection of shielding, and the reliability and the applicability of the anti-shadow function are improved.
Claims (10)
1. The single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on double-battery-plate differential detection is characterized by comprising a photovoltaic tracking controller (1) and an electric driver (2) electrically connected with the photovoltaic tracking controller (1), wherein the electric driver (2) is installed on a rotating shaft (510) of a single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5) and drives the rotating shaft (510) to rotate, a plurality of main power generation photovoltaic battery plates (520) are installed on the rotating shaft (510) in an array manner, a left self-powered photovoltaic battery plate (3) and a right self-powered photovoltaic battery plate (4) are respectively installed on the left side and the right side between any two adjacent main power generation photovoltaic battery plates (520), the electrical parameters of the left self-powered photovoltaic battery plate (3) and the right self-powered photovoltaic battery plate (4) are the same, the left edge of the left self-powered photovoltaic battery plate (3) is aligned with the left edge (521) of the main power generation photovoltaic battery plate (520) array, the right edge of the right self-powered photovoltaic panel (4) is aligned with the right edge (522) of the main power generation photovoltaic panel (520) array, and both the left self-powered photovoltaic panel (3) and the right self-powered photovoltaic panel (4) are electrically connected with the photovoltaic tracking controller (1);
photovoltaic tracking controller (1) includes MCU treater and the left side input electric energy detection device (101) and the right side input electric energy detection device (102) of being connected with MCU treater electricity, left side input electric energy detection device (101) and right side input electric energy detection device (102) electricity respectively connect left side self-power photovoltaic cell board (3) and right side self-power photovoltaic cell board (4), the electric energy of two self-power photovoltaic cell board collections as the working power supply of photovoltaic tracking controller (1), MCU treater electricity is connected electric driver (2).
2. The single-axis photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on the dual-panel differential detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein a detection threshold is set, under the non-shielding condition, the power generation of the left self-powered photovoltaic panel (3) and the right self-powered photovoltaic panel (4) is theoretically the same, when one of the left self-powered photovoltaic panel (3) or the right self-powered photovoltaic panel (4) is shielded, the energy received by the left self-powered photovoltaic panel (3) and the right self-powered photovoltaic panel (4) is different, when the difference reaches the set detection threshold, the MCU processor inside the photovoltaic tracking controller (1) can determine that the left self-powered photovoltaic panel (3) or the right self-powered photovoltaic panel (4) with smaller output energy is shielded, and the photovoltaic tracking controller (1) outputs an electrical signal to control the electric driver (2), the electric driver (2) drives the rotating shaft (510) to drive the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel (520), the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (4) which are borne by the rotating shaft to move until the energy difference value received by the two cell panels is smaller than the set detection threshold value.
3. The single-axis photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on double-cell-plate differential detection is characterized in that a front-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and a rear-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) are installed in a photovoltaic power generation array, the rotating axes (510) of the front-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and the rear-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) are parallel to each other, the distance between the two rotating axes (510) is H, the upper edge of a main power generation photovoltaic cell panel (520) array on the front-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) can shield incident solar rays (6) projected on the rear-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) in a tracking period with a lower solar altitude angle, and a shielding area (7) is formed at the lower part of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel (520) array of the rear-row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-2), when shielding occurs, the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) at the lower part of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) is partially shielded, the output energy is reduced, the electric energy difference value of two energy detection devices in the tracking controller (1) of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) is increased, after the difference value reaches a set detection threshold value, the photovoltaic tracking controller (1) of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) can detect that the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) is shielded, and then the photovoltaic tracking controller (1) of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) controls the electric driver (2) to drive the rotating shaft (510) to rotate until the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel (520) array of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) is not shielded, namely the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) corresponding to the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) are shielded The output energy difference value of the side self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (4) is smaller than a set detection threshold value.
4. The single-axis photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on double-cell-plate differential detection according to claim 2, characterized in that when the incident ray (6) of the sun is at an angle θ1The rotation angles of the front and back row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking supports (5-1) and the back row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking supports (5-2) are respectively alpha1And alpha2When the device is used, a shielding area (7) is formed at the lower part of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2), the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) is partially shielded, the output energy is reduced, the photovoltaic tracking controller (1) of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) independently completes anti-shadow control after detecting shielding, the position of the left edge (521) of the tracker and the position of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) are raised by a method that the electric driver (2) drives the rotating shaft (510) to move towards the horizontal direction, and the shielding of shadows is avoided, when the angle of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) is changed from alpha2Run to beta2And then, the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) on the left side is separated from the shadow shielding, the difference value of the output energy of the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) on the left side and the output energy of the self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (4) on the right side is recovered to be within the allowable threshold value, the photovoltaic tracking controller (1) can judge that the tracking support is separated from the shadow shielding, and the system finishes the anti-shadow control.
5. The single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on double-battery-board differential detection according to claim 4, wherein the photovoltaic tracking controller (1) further comprises a controller communication interface (103), the controller communication interface (103) is electrically connected with the MCU processor, the controller communication interfaces (103) of two adjacent single-shaft photovoltaic tracking supports (5) are connected through wireless communication, and each photovoltaic tracking controller (1) acquires the working angle of the adjacent single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5) through the controller communication interface (103).
6. The single-axis photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on double-cell-plate differential detection according to claim 2, characterized in that when the incident ray (6) of the sun is at an angle θ1The rotation angles of the front and back row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking supports (5-1) and the back row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking supports (5-2) are respectively alpha1And alpha2When in use, a shielding area (7) is formed at the lower part of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket (5-2), the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) is partially shielded, the output energy is reduced, the photovoltaic tracking controller (1) of the rear row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) completes the anti-shadow control together with the front row of photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) after detecting the shielding, the photovoltaic tracking controller (1) connected (5-1) is cooperated to act through the controller communication interface (103), the front and rear tracking supports drive the rotating shaft (510) to move towards the horizontal direction through the electric driver (2), the right edge (522) of the front tracking device is reduced, and the positions of the left edge (521) and the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) of the rear-row tracker are raised simultaneously, the shielding of shadows is avoided, and the angle of the current row of single-axis photovoltaic tracking supports (5-1) is alpha.1Run to beta1Meanwhile, the angle of the back row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket (5-2) is defined by alpha2Run to beta2And then, the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) of the rear row of photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) is separated from shadow shielding, the difference value of the output energy of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel and the output energy of the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (4) is recovered to be within an allowable threshold value, the photovoltaic tracking controller (1) can judge that the tracking support is separated from the shadow shielding, and the system finishes anti-shadow control.
7. The single-axis photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on double-battery-board differential detection according to claim 6, wherein the MCU processor of the photovoltaic tracking controller (1) realizes resolving the installation distance H and the height difference D between the front and rear single-axis photovoltaic tracking supports (5) through the width L of the main power generation photovoltaic battery board (520), the incident angle theta of solar rays, the tracking angle alpha of the front single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and the working angle beta of the rear single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) which is separated from shadow shielding, and the conversion calculation formula between the physical quantities is as follows:
the following three cases are distinguished:
the first condition is as follows: installation on flat ground
The height of a rotating shaft (510) of the front-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) is the same as that of the rotating shaft (510) of the rear-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2), namely the height difference D is 0, the width of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel (520) is a known length L, and then the distance H between the rotating shafts (510) of the front-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and the rear-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) is calculated according to the incident angle theta of solar rays, the tracking angle alpha of the front-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and the working angle beta of the rear-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) out of shadow shielding, and the formula is as follows:
case two: slope installation
The distance H between the rotating shafts (510) of the front-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and the rear-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) is known, and then the height difference D of the rotating shafts (510) of the front-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and the rear-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) is calculated according to the incident angle theta of solar rays, the tracking angle alpha of the front-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and the working angle beta of the rear-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) out of shadow shielding, and specifically is as follows:
if D is a positive value, the position of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) is low, and if D is a negative value, the position of the rear row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) is high;
case three: slope installation
When the distance H and the height difference D between the rotating shafts (510) of the front-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and the rear-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) are unknown, the height difference D and the distance H between the rotating shafts (510) of the front-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and the rear-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) are calculated according to the incident angle theta of solar rays, the tracking angle alpha of the front-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and the working angle beta of the rear-row single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) out of shadow shielding: when equations are established under two working angles to simultaneously solve or calculate the distance H and the height difference D of the rotating shafts (510) of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-2), the number of the anti-shadow simultaneous equations is increased under different sun incidence angles theta, and the numerical values of the height difference D and the distance H of the rotating shafts (510) of the front row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-1) and the rear row single-axis photovoltaic tracking support (5-2) are solved through a least square method.
8. The single-axis photovoltaic tracking gantry anti-shadow system based on dual-panel differential detection according to claim 2, wherein the bezel widths of the left side self-powered photovoltaic panel (3) and the right side self-powered photovoltaic panel (4) are smaller than the bezel width of the main generating photovoltaic panel (520).
9. The single-axis photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on dual-battery-plate differential detection according to claim 2, wherein a battery-plate slideway (530) perpendicular to the rotation axis (510) is arranged between any two adjacent main power-generating photovoltaic battery plates (520), two sides of the left self-powered photovoltaic battery plate (3) and the right self-powered photovoltaic battery plate (4) are respectively slidably installed in the left side and the right side of the battery-plate slideway (530), the battery-plate slideway (530) is provided with a blocking component for limiting the sliding range of the self-powered photovoltaic battery plates (3) and the right self-powered photovoltaic battery plates (4), under the limitation of the blocking component, the left self-powered photovoltaic battery plate (3) and the right self-powered photovoltaic battery plate (4) can slide out of the main power-generating photovoltaic battery plates (520) by a set distance, and when sliding in, the outer edges of the left self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (3) and the right self-powered photovoltaic cell panel (4) are aligned with the outer edge of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel (520) or slide into the outer edge of the main power generation photovoltaic cell panel (520).
10. The dual-panel differential detection based single-axis photovoltaic tracking gantry anti-shadow system according to claim 1, characterized in that the left-side self-powered photovoltaic panel (3) and the right-side self-powered photovoltaic panel (4) are mounted between any two adjacent main generating photovoltaic panels (520) or at the extreme end of the array of main generating photovoltaic panels (520).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110541892.6A CN113364405B (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Single-shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket anti-shadow system based on double-battery-plate differential detection |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110541892.6A CN113364405B (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Single-shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket anti-shadow system based on double-battery-plate differential detection |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113364405A true CN113364405A (en) | 2021-09-07 |
| CN113364405B CN113364405B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
Family
ID=77526873
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110541892.6A Active CN113364405B (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Single-shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket anti-shadow system based on double-battery-plate differential detection |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113364405B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114020049A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-08 | 江扬科技(无锡)有限公司 | Single-shaft tracking type photovoltaic system |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20080102885A (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-26 | 심포니에너지주식회사 | Not project shadow and sunray tracing solar cell module system |
| CN102780421A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-11-14 | 安徽天柱绿色能源科技有限公司 | Tracking type photovoltaic power generation device capable of reducing floor space and increasing generated energy |
| KR20130092020A (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2013-08-20 | 주식회사에스티엑스종합기술원 | Control mehtod for solar photovaltaic generating system improving generation efficiency |
| CN203324836U (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-12-04 | 三峡大学 | Solar power supply device |
| CN104460705A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-03-25 | 四川钟顺太阳能开发有限公司 | Single-shaft photovoltaic electric generator anti-tracking method |
| CN204993212U (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2016-01-20 | 中信博新能源科技（苏州）有限公司 | Photovoltaic system of solar energy tracker with increase light intensity function |
| CN205945625U (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-08 | 天津天大求实电力新技术股份有限公司 | Portable solar array based on GPS seeks light fast |
| CN207218561U (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-04-10 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | A kind of inverter and photovoltaic generating system |
| CN109271736A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-25 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | The fault type judges method and device of photovoltaic module |
| CN110658858A (en) * | 2019-10-19 | 2020-01-07 | 天合光能股份有限公司 | Uneven terrain inverse tracking method based on intelligent photovoltaic module |
-
2021
- 2021-05-18 CN CN202110541892.6A patent/CN113364405B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20080102885A (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-26 | 심포니에너지주식회사 | Not project shadow and sunray tracing solar cell module system |
| CN102780421A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-11-14 | 安徽天柱绿色能源科技有限公司 | Tracking type photovoltaic power generation device capable of reducing floor space and increasing generated energy |
| KR20130092020A (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2013-08-20 | 주식회사에스티엑스종합기술원 | Control mehtod for solar photovaltaic generating system improving generation efficiency |
| CN203324836U (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-12-04 | 三峡大学 | Solar power supply device |
| CN104460705A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-03-25 | 四川钟顺太阳能开发有限公司 | Single-shaft photovoltaic electric generator anti-tracking method |
| CN204993212U (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2016-01-20 | 中信博新能源科技（苏州）有限公司 | Photovoltaic system of solar energy tracker with increase light intensity function |
| CN205945625U (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-08 | 天津天大求实电力新技术股份有限公司 | Portable solar array based on GPS seeks light fast |
| CN207218561U (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-04-10 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | A kind of inverter and photovoltaic generating system |
| CN109271736A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-25 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | The fault type judges method and device of photovoltaic module |
| CN110658858A (en) * | 2019-10-19 | 2020-01-07 | 天合光能股份有限公司 | Uneven terrain inverse tracking method based on intelligent photovoltaic module |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114020049A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-08 | 江扬科技(无锡)有限公司 | Single-shaft tracking type photovoltaic system |
| CN114020049B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2024-02-23 | 江扬科技(无锡)有限公司 | Single-shaft tracking type photovoltaic system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113364405B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN213717907U (en) | Single-shaft angle tracking system of intelligent photovoltaic module | |
| CN101534074B (en) | Maximum power tracking control method | |
| WO2022105446A1 (en) | Single-axis angle tracking method and system for intelligent photovoltaic module | |
| KR100914273B1 (en) | Not Project Shadow And Sunray Tracing Solar Cell Module System | |
| WO2021232257A1 (en) | Photovoltaic system | |
| CN106712682A (en) | Accurate sun tracking device capable of realizing concentration photovoltaic power generation | |
| CN105242693A (en) | Photovoltaic system tracking and backtracking method | |
| CN102354222A (en) | Shadow-free tracking method for double-axis solar photovoltaic array power generation system | |
| CN106602986A (en) | Sunshine tracking system, solar energy application device and sunshine tracking method | |
| CN113364405A (en) | Single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support anti-shadow system based on double-battery-board differential detection | |
| KR20120007249A (en) | Solar power generation system for high efficient | |
| CN205353781U (en) | All -weather adaptive single -shaft solar tracking system | |
| CN105322875A (en) | Efficient solar panel system | |
| CN205195642U (en) | High -efficient solar panel system | |
| CN107733345B (en) | A kind of control system of motion tracking solar plate | |
| CN111796608A (en) | Automatic tracking type solar photovoltaic power generation system | |
| CN106919188A (en) | A kind of solar tracking system | |
| CN205195623U (en) | High -efficiency solar panel | |
| CN205142102U (en) | Tracking formula solar panel | |
| CN105322873B (en) | A kind of solar panels with light detection | |
| CN205142101U (en) | Take solar panel of optical detection | |
| CN111796609B (en) | Automatic tracking type solar photovoltaic power generation system and method | |
| CN204203781U (en) | PLC controls sun power and looks daily motion Trajectory Tracking System | |
| CN113242004A (en) | Intelligent photovoltaic array support | |
| CN205005022U (en) | A detection device and photovoltaic system for photovoltaic system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |