CN113359435A - Correction method for dynamic working condition data of thermal power generating unit - Google Patents

Correction method for dynamic working condition data of thermal power generating unit Download PDF

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CN113359435A
CN113359435A CN202110517846.2A CN202110517846A CN113359435A CN 113359435 A CN113359435 A CN 113359435A CN 202110517846 A CN202110517846 A CN 202110517846A CN 113359435 A CN113359435 A CN 113359435A
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司风琪
牟柯昱
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for correcting dynamic working condition data of a thermal power generating unit, relates to the technical field of thermal power generating unit dynamic data correction, and solves the technical problems that the number of steady-state samples is relatively small and the working condition distribution is unbalanced in the operation process of the conventional thermal power generating unit. And finally, calculating the state parameter value and the performance index value of the modified dynamic working condition sample by taking the history nearest steady-state working condition with the minimum Minkowski distance as a reference. The method has higher parameter stability and meets the actual requirements of engineering; the utilization degree of dynamic operation data is improved, and the problem that data mining precision is limited due to unbalanced distribution of working condition samples can be effectively solved.

Description

Correction method for dynamic working condition data of thermal power generating unit
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of thermal power generating unit dynamic data correction, in particular to a correction method for thermal power generating unit dynamic working condition data.
Background
In the thermal process data-driven modeling, a steady-state working condition sample becomes a main data source for model training due to good regularity dominance and less noise. However, in actual operation, the unit operation parameters are also in continuous fluctuation due to the influence of peak regulation requirements and four-season transition, and the continuous change of external conditions such as unit load instructions and environmental factors. In addition, the frequency and amplitude of field data deviation will be further aggravated by the intervention of artificial control of the power plant and the influence of internal factors such as the hysteresis characteristic of the thermodynamic system. Frequent and violent fluctuation processes can be seen, so that the number of steady-state working conditions is usually much smaller than that of dynamic working conditions in the unit operation historical database.
In fact, a fully steady state operating condition does not exist during the generation of the power by the unit. Even the steady-state data obtained by the steady-state determination is quasi-steady-state data having a small fluctuation range and less noise. In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of data mining, a smaller steady state threshold value is adopted to screen historical data, and although higher-quality working condition information can be obtained, the number of reserved samples is greatly reduced, and the problem of unbalanced working condition distribution is further aggravated. Lack of sufficient and comprehensive high-quality samples to participate in model training will affect the mining effect of the unit operation rule, which is obviously fatal to the unit performance evaluation and diagnosis optimization under all conditions.
For data mining, it is always critical to improve the quality of raw data. The difficulty in the field of data mining is that mass data accumulated during unit operation are unevenly distributed in a high-dimensional space. The running state of the unit is in a complex and various state, and the deviation of the working condition is reflected on the deviation of the running parameter, so that the deviation of the energy consumption of the system is caused. The study on the working condition change rule in the whole operation range is bound to face the problems of high dimension, high coupling, high error and the like. The operation performance of the system is determined by boundary parameters and operation parameters, and the difference of the energy consumption of the adjacent samples is also caused by the common influence of the difference of the boundary parameters and the operation related parameters. Therefore, how to modify data in the dynamic process of the unit to obtain high-quality data is an urgent problem to be solved, so that a more complete and clean data basis is provided for mining operation optimization rules.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for correcting dynamic working condition data of a thermal power generating unit, which aims to solve the problems of relatively small quantity of steady-state samples, unbalanced working condition distribution and the like in the operation process of the existing thermal power generating unit and discloses a method for correcting dynamic process data so as to obtain a large quantity of steady-state samples and solve the problems of unbalanced working condition distribution and the like.
The technical purpose of the present disclosure is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a method for correcting dynamic working condition data of a thermal power generating unit comprises the following steps:
primarily screening first characteristic parameters related to system operation performance through mechanism analysis, and selecting second characteristic parameters related to system operation performance indexes from the first characteristic parameters through a grey correlation algorithm;
calculating the statistic of the second characteristic parameter to obtain a steady-state factor describing the stability of the working condition, comparing the steady-state factor with a steady-state threshold value, and considering the steady-state factor smaller than the steady-state threshold value as a steady-state working condition sample;
calculating the Minkowski distance between the steady-state operating condition sample and the dynamic operating condition sample S of known boundary conditions, if the Minkowski distance between the first steady-state operating condition sample and the dynamic operating condition sample S is less than a distance threshold dεIf the first steady-state working condition is a neighboring working condition, screening out samples { w ] of the neighboring working condition from the samples of the steady-state working condition through Minkowski distance1,w2,...,wK,wNAnd f, obtaining (K +1) neighbor working conditions in the neighbor working condition samples, wNRepresenting the nearest neighbor working condition to the dynamic working condition sample S;
calculating the neighbor condition samples { w1,w2,...,wK,wNNuclear density distribution of };
performing least square estimation on the energy consumption evaluation index of the dynamic working condition sample S and the correction coefficient of the related parameter according to the nuclear density distribution to obtain a final correction coefficient;
correcting the dynamic working condition sample S according to the final correction coefficient to obtain a corrected quasi-steady-state working condition sample S';
wherein the dynamic condition sample S is represented as
Figure BDA0003062431360000021
ISThe energy consumption evaluation index of the system under the dynamic working condition is shown,
Figure BDA0003062431360000022
representing the boundary parameters of the system under dynamic conditions,
Figure BDA0003062431360000023
and expressing the relevant parameters of the system under the dynamic working condition, wherein u expresses the boundary parameters, r expresses the relevant parameters, and m and n respectively express the number of the boundary parameters and the relevant parameters.
The beneficial effect of this disclosure lies in: historical operating data are obtained from an operating database of a power plant, preliminary preprocessing such as steady state judgment and working condition division is carried out, then adjacent samples similar to boundary parameters of dynamic working condition samples to be corrected in all steady state working condition samples are screened out according to a certain distance threshold, and correction coefficient estimation is carried out based on a least square method and a nuclear density weighting method. And finally, calculating the state parameter value and the performance index value of the modified dynamic working condition sample by taking the history nearest steady-state working condition with the minimum Minkowski distance as a reference.
Compared with the traditional modeling supplement method, the steady-state data supplement method is higher in speed and parameter stability, and meets the actual requirements of engineering; the utilization degree of dynamic operation data is improved, and the problem that data mining precision is limited due to unbalanced distribution of working condition samples can be effectively solved. And the application does not need complex hardware equipment and has low price.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method described herein;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the heat dissipation of the steam turbine along with the load distribution under different working conditions;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the mean distribution of the heat rate of the steam turbine in different load intervals.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated, but merely as distinguishing between different technical features.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for correcting dynamic condition data of a thermal power generating unit according to the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s1: the method comprises the steps of preliminarily screening first characteristic parameters related to system operation performance through mechanism analysis, and selecting second characteristic parameters related to system operation performance indexes in the first characteristic parameters through a grey correlation algorithm.
Specifically, mechanism analysis is used for preliminarily screening relevant parameters of system operation, a characteristic variable with a large association degree with a unit performance index is selected through a grey association degree algorithm, reduction is carried out through a certain association degree threshold value to obtain an energy consumption characteristic parameter, and X is recorded as X ═ X { (X)u,XrThe characteristic parameter of energy consumption of a certain system is represented by an uncontrollable characteristic parameter Xu(boundary parameters) and controllable characteristic parametersr(relevant parameters). Here, a suitable grey correlation reduction threshold needs to be selected.
S2: and calculating the statistic of the second characteristic parameter to obtain a steady-state factor describing the stability of the working condition, comparing the steady-state factor with a steady-state threshold value, and considering that the steady-state factor is smaller than the steady-state threshold value as a steady-state working condition sample. This process can be accomplished by the R-test method.
S3: calculating the Minkowski distance between the steady-state operating condition sample and the dynamic operating condition sample S of known boundary conditions, if the Minkowski distance between the first steady-state operating condition sample and the dynamic operating condition sample S is less than a distance threshold dεIf the first steady-state working condition is a neighboring working condition, screening out samples { w ] of the neighboring working condition from the samples of the steady-state working condition through Minkowski distance1,w2,...,wK,wNAnd f, obtaining (K +1) neighbor working conditions in the neighbor working condition samples, wNRepresenting the nearest neighbor condition to the dynamic condition sample S.
When the adjacent working conditions are screened, the samples in the adjacent grids can be preferentially selected to calculate the distance, the function similar to the search range reduction is performed, namely, the working conditions are divided, and the working conditions are divided generally by adopting an equal-width method.
Distance threshold dεWill depend on the actual system operating conditions.
Specifically, the minkowski distance is expressed as:
Figure BDA0003062431360000031
wherein d (A, B) represents any two points A (a) in m-dimensional space1,a2,...am) And B (B)1,b2,...bm) Minkowski distance, A (a)1,a2,...am) Represents any one of the dynamic conditions, B (B)1,b2,...bm) And representing any one stable working condition in the steady-state working condition samples, wherein p represents a variable parameter, and p is 2.
M not only represents the number of boundary parameters, but also represents the dimension number of the division working condition. Each working point corresponds to m boundary parameters, and when the distance in the high-dimensional space is calculated, the difference value of the boundary parameters in each dimension between the two points needs to be calculated, and then the difference value is summed to obtain the final distance.
The minkowski distance from any working condition in the nearest neighbor working condition sample to the dynamic working condition sample S needs to be calculated respectively from the nearest neighbor working condition to each working condition in the dynamic working condition sample S, and then the maximum minkowski distance from the nearest neighbor working condition to the working condition in the dynamic working condition sample S is the minkowski distance from the nearest neighbor working condition to the dynamic working condition sample S.
Before calculating the Minkowski distance, the boundary parameters for the operating conditions need to be normalized.
S4: calculating the neighbor condition samples { w1,w2,...,wK,wNThe kernel density distribution of the image can be estimated by selecting a Gaussian kernel function.
Specifically, neighbor condition samples { w1,w2,...,wK,wNA nuclear density distribution of { includes:
Figure BDA0003062431360000041
wherein f ish(d) Representing any near neighbor working condition and nearest neighbor working condition wNWhen the distance of (d) is the corresponding probability density, dkIndicating representative neighbor conditions wkAnd wNK1, 2, K, h denotes the bandwidth, h dεThe/10, g (.) represents the kernel function.
S5: and performing least square estimation on the energy consumption evaluation index of the dynamic working condition sample S and the correction coefficient of the related parameter according to the nuclear density distribution to obtain a final correction coefficient.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003062431360000042
Figure BDA0003062431360000043
representing boundary parameters
Figure BDA0003062431360000044
Energy consumption evaluation index ISThe correction coefficient of (a) is determined,
Figure BDA0003062431360000045
representing boundary parameters
Figure BDA0003062431360000046
For j relevant parameter
Figure BDA0003062431360000047
J is within [1, n ]];
Figure BDA0003062431360000048
Indicating neighbor condition wkEnergy consumption evaluation index of (1) and wNThe difference of the energy consumption evaluation indexes;
Figure BDA0003062431360000049
indicating neighbor condition wkBoundary parameter and wNA set of difference values of the boundary parameters of (a);
Figure BDA00030624313600000410
indicating neighbor condition wkJ-th correlation parameter of (1) and wNThe difference of the jth boundary parameter of (a); f. ofh(dk) Represents any neighbor operating condition and wNA distance of dkProbability density of temporal correspondence; θ 1, θ 2 represent parameters that minimize the argmin (.) result.
S6: and correcting the dynamic working condition sample S according to the final correction coefficient to obtain a corrected quasi-steady-state working condition sample S'.
Dynamic regime sample S is shown as
Figure BDA00030624313600000411
ISThe energy consumption evaluation index of the system under the dynamic working condition is shown,
Figure BDA00030624313600000412
representing the boundary parameters of the system under dynamic conditions,
Figure BDA00030624313600000413
and expressing the relevant parameters of the system under the dynamic working condition, wherein u expresses the boundary parameters, r expresses the relevant parameters, and m and n respectively express the number of the boundary parameters and the relevant parameters.
The correction process comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA00030624313600000414
Figure BDA00030624313600000415
boundary parameter and w representing dynamic condition sample SNA set of difference values of the boundary parameters of (a);
Figure BDA00030624313600000416
denotes wNThe energy consumption evaluation index of (1);
Figure BDA00030624313600000417
denotes wNThe j-th correlation parameter of (1); finally obtaining a quasi-steady state working condition sample
Figure BDA0003062431360000051
As a specific embodiment, the field DCS sampling data is stored in a historical database of a plant-level monitoring information system (SIS), and in combination with a specific system to be analyzed, the field data is subjected to preprocessing such as data cleaning and steady-state screening to obtain a steady-state operation condition database for subsequent analysis. And then selecting energy consumption characteristic variables in the operation process of the steam turbine through a grey correlation algorithm, dividing the steady-state data by taking the relatively uncontrollable characteristic parameters as boundary conditions, and taking the rest parameters as operation related parameters. For the dynamic working condition samples to be corrected, the boundary parameters of the dynamic working condition samples to be corrected can be matched in a steady-state operation working condition library, steady-state samples within similar working conditions of the boundary are screened out, and the Minkowski distance between the steady-state samples and the working conditions to be corrected is respectively calculated. Setting a distance threshold d of Minkowski distanceεAnd screening a certain number of neighboring working condition samples, calculating the nuclear density probability of the Minkowski distance of each sample as a weight, fitting the correction coefficient of each relevant parameter by a least square method, and finally giving a parameter result of the corrected working condition.
The method is combined with a steam turbine system of a 600MW subcritical air cooling unit of a certain power plant in inner Mongolia to analyze the practicability of the method. Taking steam turbine heat consumption as an example, the original data come from an SIS system PI database of the unit, the time is 8 months 1 day to 8 months 15 days in 2020, the sampling interval is 1min, and 21600 groups of data are totally collected. The steady state threshold was taken to be 1.5, resulting in 8765 steady state samples, with the remaining 12835 dynamic samples.
The grey correlation analysis was performed on the samples under steady state conditions, and the results are shown in table 1.
Figure BDA0003062431360000052
TABLE 1
And (3) taking the grey correlation degree reduction threshold value as 0.75, and for the operation condition of the steam turbine, screening main steam pressure, main steam temperature, reheated steam temperature, vacuum degree, load, main steam flow, regulation stage pressure and regulation stage temperature as energy consumption characteristic variables of the steam turbine. The main steam pressure, the main steam temperature, the reheated steam temperature, the vacuum degree and the load are boundary parameters of the operation condition of the steam turbine, and the main steam flow, the adjusting stage pressure and the adjusting stage temperature are related parameters of the operation condition of the steam turbine. According to the historical fluctuation range of the parameters, the division interval of the working condition intervals can be artificially determined, and the specific division parameters are shown in table 2.
Main steam pressure/MPa Temperature of main steam/. degree.C Reheat steam temperature/. degree.C Vacuum degree/kPa
Range of variation of parameter 13-17 520-570 500-570 7-18
Interval of interval 0.5 5 5 1
TABLE 2
For each piece of dynamic process data to be corrected, the 40 operating conditions that are the nearest minkowski distance are taken as reference samples. Based on a least square estimation method, the correction coefficients of operation related parameters such as load, main steam flow, high-pressure cylinder exhaust pressure and the like are estimated according to the difference values of the parameters such as main steam pressure, main steam temperature, reheated steam temperature, vacuum degree and the like. The parameter distribution conditions of part of the original dynamic working conditions, the corrected working conditions and the nearest neighbor working conditions are shown in table 3, fig. 2 is a scatter diagram of the steam turbine heat consumption along with the load distribution under different working conditions, table 4 is the steam turbine heat consumption standard deviation and deviation rate corresponding to different working conditions under all load intervals, and fig. 3 is the average value distribution of the steam turbine heat consumption rate of different load intervals. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the projected area of the heat rate of the operating condition after the interpolation correction of the neighboring operating condition is significantly reduced. As is apparent from table 4 and fig. 3, the corrected heat loss deviation ratio is greatly reduced, and the fluctuation is suppressed. From the average heat consumption value of each load interval, the trend that the heat consumption of the corrected steam turbine is gradually reduced along with the load is more obvious, the numerical value is closer to the result in the test report, and the effect of the dynamic sample after correction is proved to be ideal, so that the engineering requirement can be met.
Figure BDA0003062431360000061
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0003062431360000071
TABLE 4
In order to further verify the reproducibility of the corrected working condition parameters, the coupling between the energy consumption characteristic parameters is verified by using a steady-state heat consumption prediction model. Input parameters of the neural network model are energy consumption characteristic parameters, 500 steady-state working condition samples are screened in total, the first 400 steady-state working condition samples are used for training a steady-state heat consumption prediction model based on a BP neural network algorithm, the last 100 steady-state working condition samples and 100 dynamically corrected working condition samples are used for evaluating errors of the model in the test set, evaluation indexes of the errors are Mean Relative Error (MRE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and the errors of the training set and the test set are shown in Table 5. As can be seen from Table 5, the error of the corrected operation parameter for predicting the heat consumption of the steam turbine is slightly larger than the prediction error of the steady-state working condition sample, but the MRE is also within 1.5%, so that the coupling relation between all relevant parameters is still guaranteed, and the method still has guiding significance in actual operation optimization.
Figure BDA0003062431360000072
TABLE 5
The method makes full use of the historical steady-state data of the unit to correct the dynamic working conditions with complex changes, has higher speed, smaller calculated amount and higher parameter stability compared with the traditional modeling and supplementing method, and is suitable for being used in the field of data mining and operation optimization of thermal power units to supplement sparse data areas and samples.
The foregoing is an exemplary embodiment of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. A correction method for dynamic working condition data of a thermal power generating unit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
primarily screening first characteristic parameters related to system operation performance through mechanism analysis, and selecting second characteristic parameters related to system operation performance indexes from the first characteristic parameters through a grey correlation algorithm;
calculating the statistic of the second characteristic parameter to obtain a steady-state factor describing the stability of the working condition, comparing the steady-state factor with a steady-state threshold value, and considering the steady-state factor smaller than the steady-state threshold value as a steady-state working condition sample;
minkowski distance of the steady-state operating condition samples from the dynamic operating condition samples S of known boundary conditions is calculated,if the Minkowski distance between the first one of the steady-state condition samples and the dynamic condition sample S is less than a distance threshold dεIf the first steady-state working condition is a neighboring working condition, screening out samples { w ] of the neighboring working condition from the samples of the steady-state working condition through Minkowski distance1,w2,...,wK,wNAnd f, obtaining (K +1) neighbor working conditions in the neighbor working condition samples, wNRepresenting the nearest neighbor working condition to the dynamic working condition sample S;
calculating the neighbor condition samples { w1,w2,...,wK,wNNuclear density distribution of };
performing least square estimation on the energy consumption evaluation index of the dynamic working condition sample S and the correction coefficient of the related parameter according to the nuclear density distribution to obtain a final correction coefficient;
correcting the dynamic working condition sample S according to the final correction coefficient to obtain a corrected quasi-steady-state working condition sample S';
wherein the dynamic condition sample S is represented as
Figure FDA0003062431350000011
ISThe energy consumption evaluation index of the system under the dynamic working condition is shown,
Figure FDA0003062431350000012
representing the boundary parameters of the system under dynamic conditions,
Figure FDA0003062431350000013
and expressing the relevant parameters of the system under the dynamic working condition, wherein u expresses the boundary parameters, r expresses the relevant parameters, and m and n respectively express the number of the boundary parameters and the relevant parameters.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said minkowski distance is expressed as:
Figure FDA0003062431350000014
wherein d (A, B) represents any two points A (a) in m-dimensional space1,a2,...am) And B (B)1,b2,...bm) Minkowski distance, A (a)1,a2,...am) Represents any one of the dynamic conditions, B (B)1,b2,...bm) And representing any one stable working condition in the steady-state working condition samples, wherein p represents a variable parameter, and p is 2.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the computing the neighbor condition samples { w }1,w2,...,wK,wNA nuclear density distribution of { includes:
Figure FDA0003062431350000015
wherein f ish(d) Representing any near neighbor working condition and nearest neighbor working condition wNWhen the distance of (d) is the corresponding probability density, dkIndicating representative neighbor conditions wkAnd wNK1, 2, K, h denotes the bandwidth, h dεThe/10, g (.) represents the kernel function.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the performing least square estimation on the energy consumption evaluation index of the dynamic condition sample S and the correction coefficient of the related parameter according to the nuclear density distribution to obtain a final correction coefficient comprises:
Figure FDA0003062431350000021
Figure FDA0003062431350000022
wherein,
Figure FDA0003062431350000023
representing boundariesParameter(s)
Figure FDA0003062431350000024
Energy consumption evaluation index ISThe correction coefficient of (a) is determined,
Figure FDA0003062431350000025
representing boundary parameters
Figure FDA0003062431350000026
For j relevant parameter
Figure FDA0003062431350000027
J is within [1, n ]];
Figure FDA0003062431350000028
Indicating neighbor condition wkEnergy consumption evaluation index of (1) and wNThe difference of the energy consumption evaluation indexes;
Figure FDA0003062431350000029
indicating neighbor condition wkBoundary parameter and wNA set of difference values of the boundary parameters of (a);
Figure FDA00030624313500000210
indicating neighbor condition wkJ-th correlation parameter of (1) and wNThe difference of the jth boundary parameter of (a); f. ofh(dk) Represents any neighbor operating condition and wNA distance of dkProbability density of temporal correspondence; θ 1, θ 2 represent parameters that minimize the argmin (.) result.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the modifying the dynamic condition sample S according to the final modification coefficient to obtain a modified quasi-steady state condition sample S' comprises:
Figure FDA00030624313500000211
Figure FDA00030624313500000212
wherein,
Figure FDA00030624313500000213
boundary parameter and w representing dynamic condition sample SNA set of difference values of the boundary parameters of (a);
Figure FDA00030624313500000214
denotes wNThe energy consumption evaluation index of (1);
Figure FDA00030624313500000215
denotes wNThe j-th correlation parameter of (1); finally obtaining a quasi-steady state working condition sample
Figure FDA00030624313500000216
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CN115875091B (en) * 2021-09-26 2024-01-09 国能智深控制技术有限公司 Method and device for monitoring flow characteristics of steam turbine valve and readable storage medium
CN114398779A (en) * 2022-01-07 2022-04-26 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 Method and device for determining coal consumption characteristic curve of thermal power generating unit

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