CN113358403B

CN113358403B - Soil sampler

Info

Publication number: CN113358403B
Application number: CN202110635412.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王国锋; 朱江; 赖发英; 朱方旭; 李媛; 何晋保
Original assignee: Jiangxi Academy Of Eco Environmental Science And Planning
Current assignee: Jiangxi Academy Of Eco Environmental Science And Planning
Priority date: 2021-06-08
Filing date: 2021-06-08
Publication date: 2023-12-22
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-08
Also published as: CN113358403A

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil sampler, which comprises a cylinder, a sampling device and a collecting device, wherein the cylinder is of a cylindrical structure with two open ends, the sampling device is arranged in the cylinder and comprises a sampling rod and a cutting piece, the cutting piece is connected with the lower end of the sampling rod, the sampling rod is of a cylindrical structure with two open ends, the collecting device penetrates through the sampling rod, the collecting device comprises a pvc pipe and a blade for separating soil, and the blade is connected with the lower end of the pvc pipe. According to the invention, the soil is broken by the cutting claw, and the soil is conveyed into the pvc pipe by matching with the blade and downward force, so that the damage to the pvc pipe caused by interaction force when the soil is directly broken is avoided.

Description

Soil sampler

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, in particular to a soil sampler.

Background

Soil is a loose layer of matter on the earth's surface, which is composed of various granular minerals, organic matter, moisture, air, microorganisms, etc., and can grow plants. The soil is composed of mineral matters formed by rock weathering, organic matters generated by decomposition of animal and plant, microorganism residues, soil organisms (solid phase matters), moisture (liquid phase matters), air (gas phase matters), oxidized humus and the like, and the solid matters comprise soil mineral matters, organic matters, nutrients obtained by sterilization of microorganisms through illumination bacteriostasis and the like. The liquid material mainly refers to soil moisture. The gas is air present in the soil pores. These three species in the soil constitute a contradictory entity. They are mutually connected and restrained, so as to provide necessary living conditions for crops, and are the material basis of soil fertility.

Soil has the ability to retain its original form against external forces or changes in the external environment. In recent years, more and more researches are carried out on soil, and the soil has various functions, is soil-retaining and fertilizer-retaining, resists the erosion of the soil and reduces the water and soil loss. When the soil is researched, firstly, the soil is sampled, and in the sampling process of the existing sampler, when the soil is too hard, the pvc pipe is damaged, and in the prior art, after the pvc pipe is used for collecting the soil, the pvc pipe is required to be cut off by a blade to be taken out of the soil, so that the pvc pipe is wasted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a soil sampler for solving the defects in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a soil sampler, including drum, sampling device and collection device, the drum is both ends open-ended tubular structure, and sampling device sets up in the drum, and sampling device includes sampling pole and cutting member, and the cutting member is connected with the lower extreme of sampling pole, and the sampling pole is equipped with open-ended tubular structure for both ends, and collection device runs through the sampling pole, and collection device includes pvc pipe and the blade that is used for separating soil, and the blade is connected with pvc pipe's lower extreme.

Preferably, the sampling rod comprises a hard part and an elastic part, and the hard part is fixedly connected with the cylinder.

Preferably, the pvc pipe comprises a first arc-shaped part and a second arc-shaped part, wherein the two sides of the first arc-shaped part are respectively provided with a fixed block, the middle part of the fixed block is provided with a groove, the length of the first arc-shaped part is larger than that of the fixed block, the bottom of the groove is of a closed structure, the two sides of the second arc-shaped part are respectively provided with a pushing part, the length of the second arc-shaped part is larger than that of the pushing part, and the pushing parts are fixedly connected with the fixed block through the grooves.

Preferably, the outside of pushing piece is provided with a plurality of buckles, and the outside of fixed block is provided with the buckle position that suits with the buckle.

Preferably, the cutting member comprises a fixing plate and a plurality of cutting claws, the fixing plate is connected with the sampling rod, the cutting claws are connected with the fixing plate, and a through hole for the pvc pipe to pass through is formed in the middle of the fixing plate.

Preferably, the blades are arranged below the first arc-shaped piece and the second arc-shaped piece, and the blades are arc-shaped blades.

Preferably, the pvc pipe comprises 30-40 parts of pvc resin, 10-15 parts of white carbon black, 5-10 parts of carbon nanofiber, 5-10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 8-12 parts of silica gel, 8-12 parts of boron nitride and 10-15 parts of adhesive.

Preferably, the adhesive is triethyl citrate or rosin resin or a combination of both.

The triethyl citrate is a plasticizer of the adhesive and the sealant, so that all components of the raw materials are fully compatible, and the overall performance of the pipe is improved.

Rosin resin contains double-chain and carboxyl active genes, has conjugated double bonds and typical carboxyl reactions, and can be used as an adhesive to enhance cohesive property among molecules.

The white carbon black is a porous substance, has super-strong adhesion, tearing resistance, heat resistance and ageing resistance, strong surface adsorption force, large surface energy, high chemical purity and good dispersion property, is mainly distributed among chains of a high polymer material, and is extremely strong in activity due to the characteristics of serious surface insufficient coordination, huge specific surface area, surface oxygen shortage and the like, so that the white carbon black is easy to bond with oxygen of epoxy cyclic molecules, the intermolecular bonding force is improved, and meanwhile, a part of white carbon black particles still are distributed in gaps of the high polymer chain, and compared with coarse-grain SiO2 particles, the white carbon black has very high flow ripple property, so that the strength, toughness and ductility of an epoxy resin material added by the white carbon black are greatly improved.

The silica gel is a high-activity adsorption material, has an open porous structure, has strong adsorptivity, and can adsorb various substances;

the boron nitride has chemical corrosion resistance, is not corroded by inorganic acid and water, and can isolate the copper plate from contacting with rainwater;

polyethylene glycol can change the tissue structure, and reduce irregular gaps among molecules when the components are fused.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. firstly, the cutting claw is used for breaking the soil, and the soil is conveyed into the pvc pipe by matching with the blade and the downward force, so that the damage to the pvc pipe caused by the interaction force when the soil is directly broken is avoided.

And 2. The pvc pipe is of a detachable structure, and only the collected soil is taken out by disassembling, so that a blade is not required to be used for cutting, the pvc pipe can be reused, and the waste of resources is avoided.

3. The triethyl citrate is a plasticizer of the adhesive and the sealant, can fully compatibilize all components of the raw materials, improves the overall performance of the pipe, and can change the tissue structure and reduce the irregular gaps among molecules when being matched with polyethylene glycol to fuse all components.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pvc tube.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a pvc pipe after being cut along the central axis.

The marks in the figure: 1 cylinder, 2pvc pipe, 21 first arc piece, 22 second arc piece, 3 sampling rod, 31 hard portion, 32 elastic portion, 4 blade, 5 fixed block, 6 cutting piece, 61 fixed plate, 62 cutting claw, 8 recess, 9 pushing piece, 10 buckle, 11 through-hole.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-2, the soil sampler provided by the invention comprises a cylinder 1, a sampling device and a collecting device, wherein the cylinder 1 is of a cylindrical structure with two open ends, the sampling device is arranged in the cylinder 1, the sampling device comprises a sampling rod 3 and a cutting member 6, the upper part of the sampling rod 3 is a hard part 31 and is fixedly connected with the cylinder 1, the connecting mode can be welded connection or bolt connection, the lower part of the sampling rod 3 is an elastic part 32, the elastic part 32 can be a spring, can also be a spring plate or an elastic tube made of elastic materials, and because only the hard part 31 of the sampling rod 3 is fixedly connected with the cylinder 1, the elastic part 32 can also move downwards while ensuring that the sampling rod 3 is fixed, the upper end of the sampling rod 3 extends out of the cylinder 1, can also be consistent with the height of the cylinder 1, the cutting member 6 is connected with the lower end of the sampling rod 3, the sampling rod 3 is of a cylindrical structure with two open ends, the collecting device penetrates through the sampling rod 3, the collecting device comprises a Pvc pipe 2 and a blade 4 for separating soil, the blade 4 is connected with the lower end 62 of the cutting member 62, and a cutting claw 62 is connected with the cutting claw 4, and the cutting claw 62 is formed by a plurality of cutting claws 61, and the cutting claw 4 is inserted into the cutting claw 4, and the cutting claw 4 is a fixed claw (62 is a fixed with the cutting claw 4 is a fixed claw and is a fixed claw 61, and is a fixed and a fixed claw is inserted into the cutting claw 4 and is a fixed claw is inserted into a fixed claw is left).

As can be seen from fig. 3 to 4, the pvc pipe 2 is divided into a first arc-shaped member 21 and a second arc-shaped member 22, both sides of the first arc-shaped member 21 are respectively provided with a fixed block 5, a groove 8 is formed in the middle of the fixed block 5, the length of the first arc-shaped member 21 is greater than that of the fixed block 5, the bottom of the groove 8 is of a closed structure, both sides of the second arc-shaped member 22 are respectively provided with a pushing member 9, the pushing members 9 are slidably connected with the fixed block 5 through the groove 8, a plurality of buckles 10 are arranged on the outer sides of the pushing members 9, buckle positions corresponding to the buckles 10 are arranged on the outer sides of the fixed block 5, the pushing members 9 are fixedly connected with both sides of the second arc-shaped member 22, the connection mode can be welding, when assembling is needed, the pushing members 9 are pushed from top to bottom by the groove 8, so that the pushing members 9 are tightly combined with the fixed blocks 9, the pushing members 9 are prevented from being shifted by the buckles 10 after the connection of the first arc-shaped member 21 and the second arc-shaped member 22, and after soil is collected, the buckles 10 are opened, and the first arc-shaped member 21 can be separated;

it should be noted that the size of the through hole 11 formed in the middle of the fixing plate 61 only allows the pvc pipe 2 to pass through, when the pvc pipe 2 passes through a certain length, the fixing block 5 blocks the fixing plate 61 to push the fixing plate 61 to move downwards because the fixing block 5 cannot pass through, and the specific difference between the fixing block 5 and the length of the pvc pipe 2 can be adjusted according to specific use.

The upper part of the sampling rod 3 is fixed with the cylinder 1, the lower half part is a spring, a fixed plate 61 with a through hole 11 is connected below the spring, a cutting claw 62 is connected below the fixed plate 61, when the sampling rod is started to be used, the pvc pipe 2 is taken out, the symmetrical blades 4 are firstly arranged below the pvc pipe 2, but the space which can pass through soil is reserved between the blades 4, and after the installation is finished, the pvc pipe 2 is inserted into the sampling rod 3 to collect soil.

Working principle: the soil sampler is inserted into the soil to be collected, the pvc pipe 2 is pushed, the fixing block 5 is clamped on the fixing plate 61, the sampling rod 3 is pushed to move downwards, the soil is firstly broken by the cutting claw 62 of the sampling rod 3, and the blade 4 is used for conveying the soil into the pvc pipe 2 under the force of pushing the broken soil downwards, so that the soil is collected.

Example 2

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:

the PVC pipe comprises 30 parts of PVC resin, 5 parts of polyethylene glycol, 10 parts of white carbon black, 5 parts of carbon nanofiber, 8 parts of silica gel, 8 parts of boron nitride and 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a mixture of triethyl citrate and rosin resin, and the mass ratio is 2:1.

Example 3

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:

the PVC pipe comprises 47 parts of PVC resin, 7 parts of polyethylene glycol, 11 parts of white carbon black, 8 parts of carbon nanofiber, 10 parts of silica gel, 11 parts of boron nitride and 13 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a mixture of triethyl citrate and rosin resin, and the mass ratio is 2:1.

Example 4

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:

the PVC pipe comprises 40 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of carbon nanofiber, 12 parts of silica gel, 12 parts of boron nitride and 15 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a mixture of triethyl citrate and rosin resin, and the mass ratio is 2:1.

Comparative example 1

This comparative example is substantially identical to example 4, except that:

the pvc pipe comprises 40 parts of pvc resin, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of carbon nanofiber, 12 parts of silica gel and 12 parts of boron nitride, and no adhesive or polyethylene glycol is added.

Comparative example 2

This comparative example is substantially identical to example 4, except that:

the pvc pipe comprises 40 parts of pvc resin, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 10 parts of carbon nanofiber, 12 parts of silica gel and 15 parts of adhesive, and white carbon black and boron nitride are not added.

Comparative example 3

This comparative example is substantially identical to example 4, except that:

the pvc pipe comprises 40 parts of pvc resin, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 15 parts of white carbon black, 12 parts of boron nitride and 15 parts of adhesive, and no carbon nanofiber and silica gel are added.

Comparative example 4

This comparative example is substantially identical to example 4, except that:

the PVC pipe comprises 40 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of carbon nanofiber, 12 parts of silica gel, 12 parts of boron nitride and 15 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is rosin resin

Comparative example 5

This comparative example is substantially identical to example 4, except that:

the PVC pipe comprises 40 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of carbon nanofiber, 12 parts of silica gel, 12 parts of boron nitride and 15 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is triethyl citrate.

The pvc pipes prepared in examples 2-4 and comparative examples 1-5 by the existing same preparation method were subjected to experimental comparison, and specific data are shown in tables 1-2;

the pvc pipes prepared in examples 2 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 5 by the conventional same preparation method were subjected to mechanical strength test and comparison, and specific data are shown in Table 3;

the experimental method comprises the following steps: the prepared pvc pipe was placed in an acid solution (55% concentrated sulfuric acid) and an alkali solution (55% sodium hydroxide), respectively, and the percentage of surface corrosion was observed.

The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing raw materials and water at 160 ℃ in a mass ratio of water to raw materials of 1:3, stirring for 15min, pouring into a mold after stirring uniformly, molding, and extruding in a molding machine to obtain the pvc pipe.

TABLE 1 (PVC pipe surface Corrosion with acid solution in place)

TABLE 2PVC pipe surface Corrosion when put in alkaline solution

TABLE 3 Table 3

	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2	Comparative example 3	Comparative example 4	Comparative example 5
									Tensile Strength/Ma	264	287	275	260	253	242	260	257

From this, it is clear that example 4 is the optimal solution, comparative example 1 is not added with an adhesive and polyethylene glycol, and triethyl citrate is a plasticizer for adhesives and sealants, so that the components of the raw materials are fully compatible, the overall performance of the pipe is improved, when polyethylene glycol is matched, the structure of the tissue can be changed, the irregular gaps among molecules can be reduced when the components are fused, the fusion of pvc resin and the rest components can be enhanced, the irregular gaps can be reduced, the acid and alkali resistance can be enhanced, and as is clear from tables 1 to 2, the surface corrosion of comparative example 1 is the fastest and the worst.

Comparative example 2 was free of added white carbon black and boron nitride, and white carbon black was a porous substance, and had superior adhesion, tear resistance, heat resistance, aging resistance, and enhanced acid and alkali corrosion resistance, aging resistance, and the like of pvc pipes in combination with boron nitride.

Control 3 was free of carbon nanofibers and silica gel, and silica gel had an open porous structure, was strong in adsorptivity, was capable of adsorbing various substances, and was blended with carbon nanofibers to enhance the mechanical properties and tear resistance of pvc pipes, and as can be seen from table 3, the tensile strength of control 3 was lower than that of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2.

The adhesive of example 4 is triethyl citrate and rosin resin, and the triethyl citrate is matched with the rosin resin, so that the adhesive effect is enhanced, the compatibility among all the components is accelerated, the cohesive property among all the molecules is enhanced, and the polymerization among all the components is enhanced.

The above additional technical features can be freely combined and superimposed by a person skilled in the art without conflict.

The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the patent and scope of the invention should be pointed out with reference to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The soil sampler is characterized by comprising a cylinder (1), a sampling device and a collecting device, wherein the cylinder (1) is of a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends, the sampling device is arranged in the cylinder (1) and comprises a sampling rod (3) and a cutting piece (6), the cutting piece (6) is connected with the lower end of the sampling rod (3), the sampling rod (3) is of a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends, the collecting device penetrates through the sampling rod (3), the collecting device comprises a pvc pipe (2) and a blade (4) for separating soil, and the blade (4) is connected with the lower end of the pvc pipe (2);

the sampling rod (3) comprises a hard part (31) and an elastic part (32), the elastic part (32) is arranged at the lower part of the sampling rod (3), and only the hard part (31) of the sampling rod (3) is fixedly connected with the cylinder (1);

the cutting piece comprises a fixed plate (61) and a plurality of cutting claws (62), wherein the upper end face of the fixed plate (61) is connected with the elastic part (32) of the sampling rod (3), the cutting claws (62) are connected with the lower end face of the fixed plate (61), and a through hole (11) for the pvc pipe (2) to pass through is formed in the middle of the fixed plate (61);

the PVC pipe (2) comprises a first arc-shaped piece (21) and a second arc-shaped piece (22), wherein fixed blocks (5) are arranged on two sides of the first arc-shaped piece (21), a groove (8) is formed in the middle of each fixed block (5), the length of the first arc-shaped piece (21) is larger than that of each fixed block (5), the bottom of each groove (8) is of a closed structure, pushing pieces (9) are arranged on two sides of the second arc-shaped piece (22), the length of the second arc-shaped piece (22) is larger than that of each pushing piece (9), and the pushing pieces (9) are fixedly connected with the corresponding fixed blocks (5) through the grooves (8);

the size of the through hole (11) formed in the middle of the fixing plate (61) only allows the pvc pipe (2) to pass through, and when the pvc pipe (2) passes through a certain length, the fixing block (5) can not pass through, and the fixing block (5) clamps the fixing plate (61) to push the fixing plate (61) to move downwards;

the lower parts of the first arc-shaped piece and the second arc-shaped piece are respectively provided with the blade (4), and the blade (4) is an arc-shaped blade (4).

2. A soil sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer side of the pushing member (9) is provided with a plurality of buckles (10), and the outer side of the fixing block (5) is provided with buckle positions adapted to the buckles (10).

3. The soil sampler of claim 1, wherein the pvc pipe comprises 30-40 parts of pvc resin, 10-15 parts of white carbon black, 5-10 parts of carbon nanofiber, 5-10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 8-12 parts of silica gel, 8-12 parts of boron nitride and 10-15 parts of adhesive.

4. A soil sampler according to claim 3, wherein the adhesive is triethyl citrate or rosin or a combination thereof.