CN113357537A - Marine LNG filling system and operation method - Google Patents
Marine LNG filling system and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113357537A CN113357537A CN202110756062.5A CN202110756062A CN113357537A CN 113357537 A CN113357537 A CN 113357537A CN 202110756062 A CN202110756062 A CN 202110756062A CN 113357537 A CN113357537 A CN 113357537A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K5/002—Gaseous fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0439—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The marine LNG filling system comprises a first tanker assembly for storing cooling substances, a second tanker assembly for storing LNG and a subcooler prying block, wherein the subcooler prying block comprises a heat exchanger, a cooling substance feeding pipe for connecting the first tanker assembly with an inlet of the heat exchanger, an LNG feeding pipe for connecting the second tanker assembly with an inlet of the heat exchanger, a cooling substance discharging pipe and an LNG discharging pipe which are connected with an outlet of the heat exchanger, and the LNG discharging pipe is connected with a liquid phase pipe on a ship body. The LNG is cooled by the cooling substance in the subcooler prying block through the connecting pipeline and is filled into the fuel tank of the ship body through the pipeline, the space of the LNG liquefied at low temperature can be effectively saved, the storage cost is reduced, meanwhile, the LNG transportation and storage and the cooling substance transportation and storage adopt the tank car assembly, the wharf port does not need to be built, and the LNG filling ship does not need to be built, so the economic benefit is good, and the use is safe, rapid and flexible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of marine LNG filling equipment, in particular to a marine LNG filling system and an operation method.
Background
LNG (liquefied natural gas) is used as a new marine fuel, and gradually shows wide prospects by virtue of the advantages of low carbon, environmental protection, economy and the like. The liquefied natural gas mainly contains methane, the atmospheric boiling point of the methane is-162 ℃, the critical temperature is-84 ℃, and the critical pressure is 4.1 MPa. LNG is a liquefied natural gas, which is formed by purifying natural gas (dehydration, dealkylation, deacidification gas) and then converting methane into liquid by adopting the processes of throttling, expansion and refrigeration with an external cold source. The liquefied natural gas has a greatly reduced volume, which is about 1/600 of the natural gas volume at 0 ℃ and 1 atmospheric pressure, that is, 600 cubic meters of natural gas can be obtained after 1 cubic meter of LNG is gasified.
At present, ships in oceans and large rivers increasingly adopt LNG as ship power energy, small-sized LNG liquefied gas transport ships at home and abroad and ships using LNG as fuel increase year by year, and the ships can go through an LNG filling process in debugging or operation stages. Due to the limitation of safety management regulations and quantity of LNG filling shore stations at home and abroad, LNG liquefied gas transport ships can reluctantly stop at the LNG shore stations for filling, but the LNG shore stations are short in window period and cannot stop in time. The conventional ship using LNG as fuel does not have LNG shore station parking conditions, only can be filled by selecting ships, and the ship with filling function can be subjected to flexible index counting at home and abroad. It is very expensive to construct a wharf port that can meet the LNG refueling requirements, or to construct an LNG refueling ship. For a large number of LNG liquefied gas transport ships and ships using LNG as fuel, the construction time for configuring the ports is long, the economic benefit is poor, and the ports are complex in structure, many in equipment, high in safety requirement and poor in flexibility, so that the requirements of the current stage cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a safe, fast and efficient LNG refueling system for ships.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a marine LNG filling system which comprises a first tanker assembly for storing cooling substances, a second tanker assembly for storing LNG and a subcooler prying block for enabling the cooling substances to exchange temperature with the LNG, wherein the subcooler prying block comprises a heat exchanger, a cooling substance feeding pipe for connecting the first tanker assembly with an inlet of the heat exchanger, an LNG feeding pipe for connecting the second tanker assembly with the inlet of the heat exchanger, a cooling substance discharging pipe and an LNG discharging pipe which are connected with an outlet of the heat exchanger, and the LNG discharging pipe is connected with a liquid phase pipe on a ship body.
Further, marine LNG filling system still include cooling material evacuation pipe and diffuse tower, the cooling material discharging pipe links to each other with the diffuse tower through cooling material evacuation pipe, install cooling material inlet pipe valve on the cooling material inlet pipe, install the back pressure valve on the cooling material discharging pipe.
Further, the subcooler skid also includes a cooling material heater mounted on the cooling material discharge pipe.
Further, a manual regulating valve and an emergency cut-off valve are also arranged on the cooling material feeding pipe.
Further, install first thermodetector on the cooling material discharging pipe, install the second thermodetector on the LNG discharging pipe, install the third thermodetector on the LNG feeding pipe.
Further, the cooling substance is liquid nitrogen, the first tanker assembly includes an LN2 tanker for storing liquid nitrogen, and a first booster skid coupled to the LN2 tanker, and the second tanker assembly includes an LNG tanker for storing LNG, and a second booster skid coupled to the LNG tanker.
Further, the marine LNG filling system further comprises a gas-liquid intercommunication pry block, a gasification pry block, a heating pry block connected with the gasification pry block and a torch, wherein the gas-liquid intercommunication pry block comprises a first connecting pipe connected between the second tank car assembly and the LNG feeding pipe, a first valve arranged at the joint of the first connecting pipe and the LNG feeding pipe, a first circulating pipe connected between the first connecting pipe and the gasification pry block, a second valve installed on the first circulating pipe, a second circulating pipe connected with the outlet end of the heating pry block, a second connecting pipe connected between the second circulating pipe and a gas-phase pipe on the ship body, a third valve installed on the second circulating pipe, a third connecting pipe connected with a liquid-phase pipe on the ship body, a third circulating pipe connected with the torch, a fourth valve installed on the third circulating pipe, and a fifth valve connected on the third connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe is connected with a third circulating pipe.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention further provides an operating method of the above marine LNG refueling system, comprising the steps of:
a1, the first tanker assembly supplying a cooling material, the cooling material continuously flowing through a cooling material feed pipe, a heat exchanger, and a cooling material discharge pipe;
a2, supplying liquid LNG to the second tanker assembly, wherein the liquid LNG is continuously fed through an LNG feeding pipe, a heat exchanger and an LNG discharging pipe and then is filled into a fuel tank on a ship body through a liquid phase pipe on the ship body;
a3, the cooling substance and the liquid LNG being cooled in a heat exchanger for heat exchange.
Further, the method of operation further comprises a displacement process performed prior to the LNG filling process, the displacement process comprising the steps of:
b1, closing the first valve, opening the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve, and starting the heating function of the heating pry block;
b2, supplying LNG to the second tank car assembly, wherein the LNG continuously flows through the first connecting pipe, the first circulating pipe, the gasification pry block, the heating pry block, the second circulating pipe and the second connecting pipe and is filled into a fuel tank on the ship body through a gas phase pipe on the ship body;
b3, and the gas in the fuel tank on the ship body flows into the torch to be combusted after sequentially passing through the third connecting pipe and the third circulating pipe.
Further, the operating method further comprises a cold box process performed intermediate the displacement process and the LNG refueling process, the cold box process comprising the steps of:
c1, closing the first valve, and opening the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve;
c2, closing the heating function of the heating pry block; the second tank car assembly is used for supplying LNG, and the LNG continuously flows through the first connecting pipe, the first circulating pipe, the gasification pry block, the heating pry block, the second circulating pipe and the second connecting pipe and then is filled into a fuel tank on the ship body through a gas phase pipe on the ship body; the gas in the fuel tank on the ship body flows into the torch for combustion after sequentially passing through the third connecting pipe and the third circulating pipe;
c3, starting the heating function of the heating pry block; the second tank car assembly is used for supplying LNG, and the LNG continuously flows through the first connecting pipe, the first circulating pipe, the gasification pry block, the heating pry block, the second circulating pipe and the second connecting pipe and then is filled into a fuel tank on the ship body through a gas phase pipe on the ship body; and the gas in the fuel tank on the ship body flows into the torch for combustion after sequentially passing through the third connecting pipe and the third circulating pipe.
As described above, the marine LNG refueling system and the operation method according to the present invention have the following advantages:
according to the invention, the first tanker assembly for storing LNG and the second tanker assembly for storing cooling substances are adopted, LNG is cooled by the cooling substances in the subcooler pry block through the connecting pipeline and then is filled into the fuel tank of the ship body through the pipeline, the low-temperature liquefied LNG can effectively save space and reduce storage cost, meanwhile, the tanker assemblies are adopted for LNG transportation and storage and cooling substance transportation and storage, and no wharf port and LNG filling ship need to be built, so that the economic benefit is good, and the use is safe, rapid and flexible.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general layout of a marine LNG refueling system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a subcooler pry block of the marine LNG refueling system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a displacement operation in the marine LNG refueling system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the cold box operation in the marine LNG refueling system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the filling operation in the marine LNG filling system of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a table comparing temperatures of an inlet and an outlet of a heat exchanger in the LNG refueling system for ships according to the present invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
1. A first tank car assembly; 101. LN2 tank cars;
102. a first pressure increasing pry; 2. A second tank car assembly;
201. LNG tank cars; 202. A second pressure increasing pry;
301. a cooling material feed pipe; 302. An LNG feed pipe;
303. a subcooler prying block; 304. A cooling material discharge pipe;
305. an LNG discharging pipe; 306. A cooling material feed tube valve;
307. a back pressure valve; 308. A cooling material evacuation tube;
309. a manual regulating valve; 310. An emergency cut-off valve;
311. a heat exchanger; 312. A cooling substance heater;
313. a first temperature detector; 314. A second temperature detector;
315. a third temperature detector; 4. A gas-liquid intercommunicating pry block;
401. a first connecting pipe; 402. A second connecting pipe;
403. a first circulation pipe; 404. A second circulation pipe;
405. a third circulation pipe; 406. A second valve;
407. a sixth valve; 408. A third valve;
409. a second shut-off valve; 410. An eighth valve;
411. a ninth valve; 412. A fourth valve;
413. a fifth valve; 414. A first snap valve;
415. a second snap valve; 416. A first valve;
417. a seventh valve; 418. A first shut-off valve;
419. a third connecting pipe; 5. A gasification pry block;
6. heating the prying block; 7. And (4) a torch.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, proportions, and dimensions shown in the drawings and described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims, but rather by the claims. In addition, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and "middle" used in the present specification are for convenience of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications of the relative relationship thereof may be regarded as the scope of the present invention without substantial changes in the technical contents.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a marine LNG refueling system including a first tank wagon assembly 1 for storing a cooling material, a second tank wagon assembly 2 for storing LNG, and a subcooler pry block 303 for exchanging a temperature of the cooling material with LNG, the subcooler pry block 303 including a heat exchanger 311, a cooling material feed pipe 301 connecting the first tank wagon assembly 1 and an inlet of the heat exchanger 311, an LNG feed pipe 302 connecting the second tank wagon assembly 2 and an inlet of the heat exchanger 311, and a cooling material discharge pipe 304 and an LNG discharge pipe 305 both connected to an outlet of the heat exchanger 311, the LNG discharge pipe 305 being connected to a liquid phase pipe P1 on a hull.
When the marine LNG refueling system performs LNG refueling, the first tanker assembly 1 supplies a cooling material, and the cooling material continuously flows through the cooling material feed pipe 301, the heat exchanger 311, and the cooling material discharge pipe 304; the second tanker assembly 2 is supplied with liquid LNG which is continuously fed through the LNG feed pipe 302, the heat exchanger 311 and the LNG discharge pipe 305 and then fed into the bunker on the hull through the liquid phase pipe on the hull; in this way, the cooling material and the liquid LNG are heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger 311, and the liquid LNG is cooled. Preferably, the subcooler prying block 303 lowers the temperature of the LNG by 10 ℃, so that the gasification of the LNG is reduced, and the LNG is convenient to store and transport; the flow rate of the subcooler pry block 303 is 100m 3/h.
The invention adopts the cooling substance to reduce the temperature of the liquid LNG and the gasification amount of the liquid LNG, the storage cost of the liquid LNG is far lower than that of the gaseous LNG, and the transportation and storage cost can be effectively reduced; the tank car is used for storing liquid LNG and cooling substances, so that the cost for constructing ports and filling ships is reduced, the cost is saved, the space is not consumed, and the use is safe, rapid and flexible.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the LNG refueling system for ships further includes a cooling material discharge pipe 308 and a diffusion tower P3, the cooling material discharge pipe 304 is connected to the diffusion tower P3 through the cooling material discharge pipe 308, the cooling material feed pipe 301 is provided with a cooling material feed pipe valve 306, and the cooling material discharge pipe 304 is provided with a back pressure valve 307. Preferably, the backpressure of the backpressure valve 307 is set to be 3bar, and the valve height of the backpressure valve 307 is 0.5m higher than the highest liquid level in the first tank car assembly 1, so that the cooled substance can be subjected to temperature exchange with the LNG in the heat exchanger 311 for a sufficient time; the provision of the purge column P3 allows the timely discharge of the cooling substance in the heat exchanger 311, ensuring the continuation of the temperature exchange.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the subcooler skid 303 also includes a cooling material heater 312 mounted on the cooling material discharge pipe 304. Preferably, the cooling material heater 312 is used to heat the cooling material passing through the heat exchanger 311 to restore the temperature of the cooling material to near the outdoor temperature, and further discharged through the discharge tower P3, so as to avoid the environmental damage caused by the low-temperature cooling material while ensuring the continuous temperature exchange.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the cooling material feed pipe 301 is also provided with a manual regulating valve 309 and an emergency cut-off valve 310; the cooling material discharge pipe 304 is provided with a first temperature detector 313 for detecting the temperature of the cooling material after heat exchange, the LNG discharge pipe 305 is provided with a second temperature detector 314 for detecting the temperature of the LNG after heat exchange, and the LNG feed pipe 302 is provided with a third temperature detector 315 for detecting the temperature of the LNG before heat exchange (i.e., the LNG supplied from the second tanker assembly 2). Preferably, the manual regulating valve 309 is used for controlling the flow of the cooling substance, and the temperature of the corresponding pipeline port is detected by the first temperature detector 313, the second temperature detector 314 and the third temperature detector 315, so that the process of temperature exchange is conveniently and intuitively controlled. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, T1 represents the temperature profile of the LNG inlet; t2 represents the temperature profile of the LNG outlet; t3 represents the temperature change curve of the liquid nitrogen inlet; t4 represents the temperature change curve of the liquid nitrogen outlet; the inlet temperature of the cooling substance fed into the heat exchanger 311 by the cooling substance feed pipe 301 varies within-180 ± 1 ℃; the LNG inlet temperature input to the heat exchanger 311 by the LNG feed pipe 302 is-145 ± 5 ℃; the outlet temperature of the cooling material output from the heat exchanger 311 to the cooling material discharge pipe 304 is-153 +/-3 ℃; the outlet temperature variation range of the heat exchanger 311 output to the LNG outlet pipe 305 is-155 + -1 deg.C.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-5, the cooling substance is liquid nitrogen, first tanker assembly 1 comprises LN2 tanker 101 for storing liquid nitrogen, and first booster skid 102 coupled to LN2 tanker 101, and second tanker assembly 2 comprises LNG tanker 201 for storing LNG, and second booster skid 202 coupled to LNG tanker 201.Preferably, first pressure intensifying sled 102 and second pressure intensifying sled 202 are both formed of air-temperature, high-strength aluminum fins, and are used to gasify the corresponding liquid nitrogen and LNG. Preferably, LN2 tanker 101 and LNG tanker 201 both have a flow rate of 600Nm3/h。
Further, as shown in fig. 1, 3-4, the marine LNG refueling system further includes a gas-liquid communication skid block 4, a gasification skid block 5, a heating skid block 6 connected to the gasification skid block 5, and a flare 7, for implementing replacement and cold tank before LNG refueling. Specifically, the gas-liquid communication lever 4 includes a first connection pipe 401 connected between the second tank car assembly 2 and the LNG feed pipe 302, a first valve 416 provided at a connection between the first connection pipe 401 and the LNG feed pipe 302, a first circulation pipe 403 connected between the first connection pipe 401 and the gasification lever 5, a second valve 406 installed on the first circulation pipe 403, a second circulation pipe 404 connected to an outlet end of the heating lever 6, a second connection pipe 402 connected between the second circulation pipe 404 and a gas phase pipe P2 on the hull, a third valve 408 installed on the second circulation pipe 404, a third connection pipe 419 connected to a liquid phase pipe P1 on the hull, a third circulation pipe 405 connected to the torch 7, a fourth valve 412 installed on the third circulation pipe 405, and a fifth valve 413 connected to the third connection pipe 419, the third connection pipe 419 being connected to the third circulation pipe 405, the first valve 416 may be installed on the first connection pipe 401, the second valve 416 may be installed on the second connection pipe 401, and the LNG feed pipe 302, a second connection pipe 402 may be connected to the second connection pipe 402, a third connection pipe 408 may be connected to the third connection pipe 408, a third connection pipe 402 may be connected to the third connection pipe 402, a gas phase pipe 402, a third connection pipe 402 may be connected to the connection pipe 402, a connection pipe connected to the connection pipe 402, and a connection pipe connected to the connection pipe P connection pipe 402, and a gas phase pipe connected to the connection pipe P connection pipe 402, and the connection pipe connected to the connection pipe P connection pipe 402, and the connection pipe P, May also be installed on LNG feed line 302. Preferably, the first connecting pipe 401 is connected to the third connecting pipe 419, and both may share the same pipe or may be connected through another pipe; both the first connecting pipe 401 and the third connecting pipe 419 are provided with temperature measuring devices, the third connecting pipe 419 is connected with the LNG discharging pipe 305, and a seventh valve 417 and a first cut-off valve 418 are installed at the connection position, and the seventh valve 417 and the first cut-off valve 418 can be installed on the third connecting pipe 419 or on the LNG discharging pipe 305; a first breaking valve 414 is mounted on a pipeline between the third connecting pipe 419 and the hull liquid phase pipe P1. Preferably, the second connection pipe 402 has a branch pipe connected to the gas phase pipe of the LNG tank wagon 201, a sixth valve 407 is installed on the pipe between the second connection pipe 402 and the gas phase pipe of the LNG tank wagon 201, and the second connection pipe 402 and the LNG tank are connected to each otherTemperature measuring devices are arranged on the pipeline between the gas phase pipes of the trolley 201 and the second connecting pipe 402; a second shut-off valve 409, an eighth valve 410, and a second shut-off valve 415 are installed in a pipeline between the second connection pipe 402 and the gas phase pipe P2 of the hull. Preferably, the number of the gasification pry blocks 5 is two, the gasification pry blocks are made of high-strength aluminum fins, and the flow rate is 3000Nm3H, the heating prying blocks 6 adopt water bath type heating prying blocks 6, the number of the heating prying blocks is one, and the flow rate is 3000Nm3Heating by adopting 50KW electric heating power; the flow of the torch 7 is 4000 square meters per hour. Preferably, a ninth valve 411 is installed at the connection between the second connection pipe 402 and the third circulation pipe 405 to facilitate the evacuation of the residual gas in the pipe.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, 3-5, another object of the present invention is to provide an operating method of the above-mentioned marine LNG refueling system, which includes a preparation process, a replacement process, a cold tank process and a refueling process, which are sequentially performed. Wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps:
d1, connecting pipeline: assembling the field pipeline according to the drawing; checking the material of the pipeline and counting whether the dimension specification meets the requirement of a drawing; checking whether the smoothness of the flange sealing surface, the gasket installation, the flange pressure and the standard meet the requirements, and whether the bolt and the nut are fastened;
d2, and carrying out equipment tightness test on the normal-temperature pipeline: opening the first pressurizing pry 102, the second pressurizing pry 202, the subcooler pry block 303, the gas-liquid communicating pry block 4, the gasification pry block 5, the heating pry block 6 and each pipeline valve, and closing the fifth valve 413 and the eighth valve 410; the cooling material feed pipe 301 was filled with nitrogen, slowly pressurized to 7.5bar, and checked for gas leakage.
D3, and performing equipment tightness test on the low-temperature pipeline: opening the first pressurizing pry 102, the second pressurizing pry 202, the subcooler pry block 303, the gas-liquid communicating pry block 4, the gasification pry block 5, the heating pry block 6 and each pipeline valve, and closing the fifth valve 413 and the eighth valve 410; filling liquid nitrogen into the cooling material feeding pipe 301, gradually increasing the flow rate, wherein the flow rate is not more than 1t/hr, and observing whether liquid nitrogen leaks; and observing each temperature measuring point in the system, and when the temperature of each measuring point is lower than-140 ℃, finishing precooling.
As shown in fig. 3, the replacement process includes the following steps:
e1, closing the first valve 416, and starting the heating function of the heating pry block 6 to heat the water to 40 ℃;
e2, opening the liquid phase pipe and the second pressure increasing pry 202 of the LNG tank wagon 201, enabling the LNG to return to the LNG tank wagon 201 after the LNG is gasified by the second pressure increasing pry 202, and connecting the gas phase pipe or the liquid phase pipe of the LNG tank wagon 201 with the first connecting pipe 401 when the pressure in the LNG tank wagon 201 is larger than 5-6 bar.
E3, opening a second valve 406, a third valve 408, a second shut-off valve 409 and an eighth valve 410, introducing LNG into a gasification pry block 5 through a first connecting pipe 401 and a first circulating pipe 403 for gasification, then introducing LNG into a heating pry block 6 for heating, and introducing LNG into a gas phase pipe P2 on the ship body through a second circulating pipe 404 and a second connecting pipe 402 to be filled into a fuel cabin on the ship body;
e4, opening the fourth valve 412 and the fifth valve 413, the gas in the fuel tank on the ship body flows into the torch 7 to be burned after passing through the third connecting pipe 419 and the third circulating pipe 405 in sequence.
As shown in fig. 4, the cold chamber process includes the following steps:
f1, closing the first valve 416, opening the second valve 406, the third valve 408, the fourth valve 412 and the fifth valve 413;
f2, closing the heating function of the heating pry block 6; connecting a gas phase pipe or a liquid phase pipe of the LNG tank wagon 201 with a first connecting pipe 401, feeding low-temperature LNG into a gasification pry block 5 through the first connecting pipe 401, and then feeding the low-temperature LNG into a gas phase pipe P2 on the ship body through a heating pry block 6, a second circulating pipe 404 and a second connecting pipe 402 to be filled into a fuel compartment on the ship body; the gas in the fuel cabin flows into the torch 7 for combustion after sequentially passing through the third connecting pipe 419 and the third circulating pipe 405;
f3, starting the heating function of the heating pry block 6, and heating the water to 40 ℃; the low-temperature LNG enters the gasification pry block 5 through the first connecting pipe 401 and the first circulating pipe 403, further enters a gas phase pipe P2 on the ship body from the second circulating pipe 404 and the second connecting pipe 402 after being heated by the heating pry block 6, and is filled into a fuel tank on the ship body; the gas in the fuel tank flows into the torch 7 for combustion after passing through the third connecting pipe 419 and the third circulating pipe 405 in sequence.
As shown in fig. 5, the filling process includes the following steps:
g1, opening a liquid phase pipe and a first pressurizing pry 102 of the LN2 tank car 101, opening a cooling substance feeding pipe valve 306, enabling low-temperature liquid nitrogen to sequentially flow through a heat exchanger 311, a cooling substance heater 312 and a cooling substance emptying pipe 308, and enabling the low-temperature liquid nitrogen to enter a diffusion tower P3 to be safely discharged;
g2, opening a liquid phase pipe of the LNG tank car 201 and the second pressure-increasing pry 202, opening a first valve 416, enabling the low-temperature LNG to sequentially flow through a heat exchanger 311, a seventh valve 417, a first cut-off valve 418, a fifth valve 413 and a first break-off valve 414 to enter a liquid phase pipe P1 of the ship body, and filling the low-temperature LNG into a fuel tank;
g3, when the LNG flow is stable, observing and comparing the temperature parameter of the second temperature detector 314 on the LNG discharging pipe 305 and the temperature parameter of the third temperature detector 315 on the LNG feeding pipe 302; adjusting the opening degree of the manual adjusting valve 309 according to the temperature parameter of the second temperature detector 314, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the liquid nitrogen entering the heat exchanger 311 until the temperature parameter of the second temperature detector 314 is stabilized within the range of-155 +/-1 ℃, and simultaneously focusing on the temperature parameter of the first temperature detector 313;
g4, when LNG filling is completed or the liquid level in the LNG tank wagon 201 is not large, closing the cooling material feeding pipe valve 306 and stopping the supply of liquid nitrogen;
g5, the fourth valve 412 and the fifth valve 413 are opened, and the excess natural gas in the fuel tank is discharged to the flare 7 through the third connecting pipe 419 and the third circulating pipe 405 to be combusted.
Preferably, during the replacement process and the cold box process, the temperature parameters at the LNG tapping 305 are noted; preferably, when a pipe leakage or an emergency is detected during the filling process, the replacement process, and the cold box process, the operation is stopped by breaking the first breaking valve 414 and the second breaking valve 415.
In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a marine LNG filling system which characterized in that: including first tank wagon subassembly (1) of storage cooling material, second tank wagon subassembly (2) of storage LNG and be used for making cooling material and LNG exchange temperature subcooler sled piece (303), subcooler sled piece (303) include heat exchanger (311), connect cooling material inlet pipe (301) of first tank wagon subassembly (1) and heat exchanger (311) import, connect LNG inlet pipe (302) of second tank wagon subassembly (2) and heat exchanger (311) import to and all connect cooling material discharging pipe (304) and LNG discharging pipe (305) in heat exchanger (311) export, LNG discharging pipe (305) are connected with the liquid phase pipe on the hull.
2. Marine LNG filling system of claim 1, characterized in that: still including cooling material evacuation pipe (308) and diffuse tower, cooling material discharging pipe (304) link to each other with the diffuse tower through cooling material evacuation pipe (308), install cooling material inlet pipe valve (306) on cooling material inlet pipe (301), install back pressure valve (307) on cooling material discharging pipe (304).
3. Marine LNG refueling system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the subcooler skid (303) also includes a cooling material heater (312) mounted on the cooling material discharge pipe (304).
4. Marine LNG filling system of claim 3, characterized in that: and a manual regulating valve (309) and an emergency cut-off valve (310) are also arranged on the cooling material feeding pipe (301).
5. Marine LNG filling system of claim 3, characterized in that: install first temperature detector (313) on cooling material discharging pipe (304), install second temperature detector (314) on LNG discharging pipe (305), install third temperature detector (315) on LNG feeding pipe (302).
6. Marine LNG filling system of claim 1, characterized in that: the cooling substance is liquid nitrogen, the first tanker assembly (1) comprises an LN2 tanker (101) for storing liquid nitrogen, and a first pressurizing pry (102) connected with the LN2 tanker (101), and the second tanker assembly (2) comprises an LNG tanker (201) for storing LNG, and a second pressurizing pry (202) connected with the LNG tanker (201).
7. Marine LNG filling system of claim 1, characterized in that: the LNG tank car is characterized by further comprising a gas-liquid intercommunication prying block (4), a gasification prying block (5), a heating prying block (6) connected with the gasification prying block (5) and a torch (7), wherein the gas-liquid intercommunication prying block (4) comprises a first connecting pipe (401) connected between the second tank car assembly (2) and the LNG feeding pipe (302), a first valve (416) arranged at the joint of the first connecting pipe (401) and the LNG feeding pipe (302), a first circulating pipe (403) connected between the first connecting pipe (401) and the gasification prying block (5), a second valve (406) mounted on the first circulating pipe (403), a second circulating pipe (404) connected with the outlet end of the heating prying block (6), a second connecting pipe (402) connected between the second circulating pipe (404) and a gas-phase pipe on the ship body, a third valve (408) mounted on the second circulating pipe (404), a third connecting pipe (419) connected with a liquid-phase pipe on the ship body, and a gas-phase, A third circulation pipe (405) connected to a torch (7), a fourth valve (412) installed on the third circulation pipe (405), and a fifth valve (413) installed on a third connection pipe (419), the third connection pipe (419) being connected to the third circulation pipe (405).
8. A method of operating a marine LNG refueling system, comprising: use of the marine LNG refueling system of claim 1, the method of operation comprising an LNG refueling process comprising the steps of:
a1, the first tanker assembly (1) supplying a cooling mass which flows continuously through a cooling mass feed pipe (301), a heat exchanger (311) and a cooling mass discharge pipe (304);
a2, supplying liquid LNG to the second tanker assembly (2), and filling the liquid LNG to a fuel tank on the ship body through a liquid phase pipe on the ship body after continuously flowing through an LNG feeding pipe (302), a heat exchanger (311) and an LNG discharging pipe (305);
a3, the cooling substance and the liquid LNG are heat exchanged in a heat exchanger (311), the liquid LNG being cooled.
9. The method of operating a marine LNG refueling system as set forth in claim 8, wherein:
the marine LNG filling system further comprises a gas-liquid intercommunication prying block (4), a gasification prying block (5), a heating prying block (6) connected with the gasification prying block (5) and a torch (7), wherein the gas-liquid intercommunication prying block (4) comprises a first connecting pipe (401) connected between the second tank car assembly (2) and the LNG feeding pipe (302), a first valve (416) arranged at the joint of the first connecting pipe (401) and the LNG feeding pipe (302), a first circulating pipe (403) connected between the first connecting pipe (401) and the gasification prying block (5), a second valve (406) mounted on the first circulating pipe (403), a second circulating pipe (404) connected with the outlet end of the heating prying block (6), a second connecting pipe (402) connected between the second circulating pipe (404) and a gas-phase pipe on a ship body, a third valve (408) mounted on the second circulating pipe (404), and a torch (7), A third connecting pipe (419) connected to the liquid phase pipe on the ship body, a third circulating pipe (405) connected to the torch (7), a fourth valve (412) installed on the third circulating pipe (405), and a fifth valve (413) connected to the third connecting pipe (419), wherein the third connecting pipe (419) is connected to the third circulating pipe (405);
the method of operation further comprises a displacement process performed prior to the LNG refueling process, the displacement process comprising the steps of:
b1, closing the first valve (416), opening the second valve (406), the third valve (408), the fourth valve (412) and the fifth valve (413), and starting the heating function of the heating pry block (6);
b2, supplying LNG to the second tank car assembly (2), wherein the LNG is continuously filled into a fuel tank on the ship body through a gas phase pipe on the ship body after flowing through a first connecting pipe (401), a first circulating pipe (403), a gasification pry block (5), a heating pry block (6), a second circulating pipe (404) and a second connecting pipe (402);
b3, the gas in the fuel tank on the ship body flows into a torch (7) to be combusted after passing through a third connecting pipe (419) and a third circulating pipe (405) in sequence.
10. A method of operating a marine LNG refueling system as set forth in claim 9, wherein: the method of operation further includes a cold box process performed intermediate the displacement process and the LNG refueling process, the cold box process including the steps of:
c1, closing the first valve (416), opening the second valve (406), the third valve (408), the fourth valve (412) and the fifth valve (413);
c2, closing the heating function of the heating pry block (6); the second tank car assembly (2) is used for supplying LNG, and the LNG continuously flows through a first connecting pipe (401), a first circulating pipe (403), a gasification pry block (5), a heating pry block (6), a second circulating pipe (404) and a second connecting pipe (402) and then is filled into a fuel tank on a ship body through a gas phase pipe on the ship body; the gas in the fuel tank on the ship body flows into a torch (7) for combustion after sequentially passing through a third connecting pipe (419) and a third circulating pipe (405);
c3, starting the heating function of the heating pry block (6); the second tank car assembly (2) is used for supplying LNG, and the LNG continuously flows through a first connecting pipe (401), a first circulating pipe (403), a gasification pry block (5), a heating pry block (6), a second circulating pipe (404) and a second connecting pipe (402) and then is filled into a fuel tank on a ship body through a gas phase pipe on the ship body; the gas in the fuel tank on the ship body flows into a torch (7) for combustion after passing through a third connecting pipe (419) and a third circulating pipe (405) in sequence.
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