CN113356943A - Method for debugging host of biomass and garbage generator set - Google Patents
Method for debugging host of biomass and garbage generator set Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass and garbage generator set host debugging method, which comprises DEH system debugging, TSI system debugging, ETS system debugging and thermal control whole set starting debugging, and collects design drawings and equipment data, and mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of designing a DEH system, designing a logic diagram and a configuration diagram of the DEH system, designing a hardware specification of the DEH system, an I/O list of the DEH system, a specification related to an electro-hydraulic converter, knowing a thermal control device and a thermodynamic system on site, preparing to debug instrument and equipment, checking a check record related to a measuring element according to specific requirements of regulations and standards, carrying out a remote operation test of an electro-hydraulic valve, sending an analog signal to a signal input end, carrying out open-loop debugging on the system, and carrying out a sub-static test and a whole set of linkage test of the DEH system. The invention can optimize the debugging construction, thereby achieving the effect of accelerating the debugging progress under the condition of ensuring the construction quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of unit debugging, in particular to a biomass and garbage generator set host debugging method.
Background
At present, the national electric power construction is mainly based on environment-friendly energy, a plurality of biomass and garbage power stations are built, due to small scale and tight construction period, more automation and protection loopholes exist in logic configuration construction, more logic configuration modification exists in the field debugging process, and the logic configuration modification is mutually restricted with shorter construction period; the debugging of the host system of the biomass and garbage generator set is important work in the process of project installation and is an important influence factor of the operation efficiency of the generator set.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a simplified debugging process of the host system, optimizes debugging construction, and accordingly achieves the aim of accelerating the debugging progress under the condition of ensuring the construction quality.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a biomass and garbage generator set host debugging method comprises the following steps:
s1: debugging a host digital electro-hydraulic control system (DEH system):
a1: primary measurement element inspection: checking a primary verification record of a primary measurement element associated with the DEH system;
a2: checking the DEH system configuration software and parameter modification: checking the control logic according to a design drawing;
a3: thermal signal inspection test: checking whether the alarm signals generated by the DEH system to the thermal signaling device and the operator station are correct; two methods of inspection can be taken: firstly, a corresponding analog signal is directly added on the on-site primary equipment, the analog signal is sent to a thermal signal device or an operator station after being processed by a control system, and then whether alarm display is correct or not is checked on an alarm window of the thermal signal device or the operator station, wherein the alarm display comprises an alarm position, alarm text description, an alarm grade and an alarm sound; secondly, analog signals are added in the system by a method of modifying software, and then whether alarm display is correct or not is checked on an alarm window of a thermal signal device or an operator station.
A4: and (3) checking the electro-hydraulic servo mechanism: firstly, performing a valve pulling test on a DEH system to ensure the accuracy of an instruction and a feedback signal; then, a remote manual control loop firstly hangs the brake turbine, resets the ETS, manually operates the brake on site, waits for the full-open signal display of the main valve on a DEH picture, and then respectively operates the adjusting valve and the main valve on an operation picture to carry out a remote operation test of a servo mechanism;
a5: and (3) automatic control test of a DEH rotating speed control system: setting a given rotating speed and a target rotating speed, calculating the difference between the given rotating speed and the actual rotating speed through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulator after starting, and controlling the opening degree of the servomotor through a servo system after calculating so that the actual rotating speed changes along with the given rotating speed; after the target rotating speed is set, the given rotating speed automatically approaches to the target rotating speed at the set increasing rate; when entering the critical rotating speed area, automatically changing the speed increasing rate into the set speed to quickly rush away;
a6: DEH system load control: setting a given power, calculating the difference value between the given power and the actual power through a PID regulator of a power controller, calculating a given load reference to control the opening of a regulating valve and regulate the actual load of a unit;
after all tests before grid connection are completed, performing a manual/automatic grid connection function test: when the rotating speed of the unit is 2985-3015 r/min, the unit can be switched to the synchronous mode; when the electric aspect sends a synchronous application, a 'request' indicator lamp is turned on, a 'synchronous allowing' button is pressed, the DEH enters a synchronous mode, and meanwhile, the DEH sends a 'synchronous allowing' signal;
a7: and (3) OPC function test: when the load of the unit is relieved and the rotating speed is increased to 103 percent of the rotating speed, the speed regulating valve is quickly closed, and whether OPC can act or not is checked at the 103 percent of rated rotating speed;
a8: cold test and hot commissioning of DEH system:
most functional tests of the DEH system cannot be performed dynamically during turbine run-up and must be performed in a cold state, and therefore, all functional test checks or simulation tests of the system are performed by means of turbine simulation software: simulating the starting and stopping operations of the steam turbine under different states, checking automatic speed rise, changing the speed rise rate, automatically carrying load, changing the load change rate, and switching between manual operation and automatic state; manual and automatic valve control switching tracking inspection, control loop self-closed loop test and dynamic simulation test;
the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out thermal state operation, wherein when a unit is started, an operator starts a steam turbine at a given speed increasing rate according to provided starting parameters, checking a rotating speed signal and monitoring the running state of the steam turbine in the speed increasing process of the steam turbine, and comprehensively checking each function of a DEH control system along with the increase of starting times and starting times of the steam turbine in different states;
s2 debugging of turbine monitoring system (TSI system)
B1: the TSI device is subjected to pre-power transmission inspection, which comprises appearance inspection, resistance inspection, inspection of each port on the insulation resistance of a shell and inspection of components on each measurement loop;
b2: channel testing and device function testing: confirming the safety of an external circuit, inserting a monitoring clamping piece, checking whether the configuration of each channel of the TSI clamping piece is correct or not through a touch screen provided by the HZD-8500D or a debugging notebook provided with corresponding software, checking and setting alarm and protection fixed values; simulating alarm and protection actions, and judging whether the output of each relay is correct or not; monitoring system faults and judging whether a card state lamp is normal or not;
b3: field installation and debugging: carrying out installation work according to the serial number of the probe, the serial number of the extension cable and the serial number of the preamplifier; measuring and recording the gap voltage on site, checking the tooth top of the manual barring gear or aligning the tooth top of the manual barring gear to the top of the probe, and determining the gap; carrying out anti-interference tests on the probe and the cable;
b4: the sensor and the display instrument are jointly adjusted: before debugging, the wiring and line checking work of the sensor input loop and the system output loop must be completed, the wiring of the line is ensured to be correct and firm, and the steam turbine rotor is pushed to a preset position and does not move randomly during the installation of the probe;
b5: static interlocking test: the method comprises the following steps of performing an interlocking test with a protection system and an alarm system, confirming that a thermotechnical signal system is statically debugged and works normally, and confirming that a steam turbine emergency tripping system is statically debugged and works normally;
b6: and (3) testing a DCS system interface: the accuracy of analog quantity signals entering a DCS is ensured, and the measuring range is uniform;
b7: the TSI system dynamically invests: before the unit is started, whether the indication of each parameter of the TSI system is normal or not is comprehensively checked, the condition that each measurement parameter is out of limit and is alarmed does not appear, and before the unit is turned over for the first time, all in-cylinder measurement probes are installed; before the unit is started for the first time, all measuring instruments of the TSI are put into 100%, and all data are monitored during the unit commissioning period to ensure that monitored parameters are correct;
s3 debugging host trip protection system (ETS)
All the wiring accessed to the steam turbine protection system adopts a method of short circuit at a primary element on site to check the wiring correctness, so that the wiring of all the accessed protection systems is ensured to be correct; the installation condition of the primary measuring element and the sampling device and the whole loop are checked, the primary check record of the primary measuring element related to the protection system is checked, the measuring range and the zero point of the analog primary measuring element are known, the action direction, the action value and the return difference of the switching value primary measuring element are known, the primary check record data are compared with corresponding data in a logic diagram of the protection system, and the comparison result is recorded.
The inspection of the solenoid valve and the remote operation test are carried out, the installation condition of the tripping solenoid valve is inspected and the electric circuit inspection is carried out: firstly, testing the direct current resistance value of the electromagnetic valve by using a high-precision meter; secondly, testing the insulation resistance value of the coil of the electromagnetic valve to the ground by using a megohmmeter, wherein the value of the insulation resistance value is not less than 1M omega; thirdly, the power supply loop checks and supplies power to the electromagnetic valve, and the action condition of the electromagnetic valve is checked through hearing, touch and other effective methods; after the electromagnetic valve single body is completely debugged, remote operation test work is carried out to ensure the basic control function of the protection system on the electromagnetic valve.
Checking whether the alarm signal generated by the protection system to the thermal signal device is correct or not, and filling in a thermal alarm signal checking test record.
C1: static test: starting auxiliary equipment such as an oil pump and the like, establishing oil pressure, electrifying a protection device, shielding the tripping condition which really exists by adopting a simulation method, manually resetting a steam turbine on site, hanging a brake of the steam turbine, opening a main steam valve, and carrying out a protection static simulation test:
1) vacuum low, lube low pressure test: the contact of the pressure switch is manually touched on the spot, the pressure switch acts, at the moment, the steam turbine protection system acts, and the high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve acts;
2) steam turbine overspeed test: simulating an overspeed shutdown contact signal at the TSI cabinet, wherein the overspeed signal acts, and the high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve acts;
3) the main protection action test of the generator: simulating any generator main protection condition on a generator main protection device to enable a generator main protection system to act, wherein the steam turbine protection system acts at the moment, and the high-voltage cutoff solenoid valve acts;
4) shaft vibration high protection test: simulating a shaft vibration high-protection contact signal at the TSI cabinet, wherein the shaft vibration high-protection signal of the steam turbine protection system can act, and the high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve can act;
5) axial displacement protection action test: simulating an axial displacement protection contact signal at the TSI cabinet, wherein the axial displacement signal of the steam turbine protection system can act at the moment, and the high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve can act;
6) and (3) expansion difference protection action test: simulating an expansion difference protection contact signal at the TSI cabinet, wherein the expansion difference protection signal of the steam turbine protection system can act at the moment, and the high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve can act;
7) manual emergency trip button operation: pressing down a steam turbine emergency trip button of a steam turbine operating platform, wherein a steam turbine protection system can act, and a high-voltage cutoff solenoid valve can act;
c2: dynamic test: during dynamic test, the system participates in the starting process of the host, records the problems occurring in the starting process, gives the abnormal tripping reason of the host system, explains the tripping reason from the technical aspect, proposes a scheme for solving the problems and specifically implements determined addition and modification projects;
s4: thermally controlled integrated start-up debug
D1: and (3) an empty load debugging stage: the system comprises a commissioning and checking sequence control system, a boiler furnace safety monitoring system, an analog quantity control system, a computer monitoring system, a host digital electric hydraulic control system, a host monitoring instrument system and a host trip protection system; after the steam turbine shaft seal system operates normally, the shaft seal pressure is automatically input; after the condensate system operates normally, the water level of the condenser is automatically put into the condenser; after the water supply pump is loaded, the water supply is put into the water supply tank automatically; after the air and smoke system operates stably, the air and smoke system is thrown into a hearth to realize automatic pressure; after the primary air system operates normally, the flow of the primary air input is automatic; after the secondary air system operates normally, the flow of the secondary air input is automatic;
d2: and (3) a load debugging stage: the unit is more than 20% of rated load, after the desuperheating water system operates normally, the desuperheating water of the first-stage superheater and the second-stage superheater is gradually added for desuperheating water automatically; when a valve activity test is carried out, a DEH power closed-loop control function is put into operation; controlling the operation maintenance, fault inspection and processing of the system, and testing and evaluating each system in thermal control at the stage with load;
d3: and (3) full load trial run stage: carrying out three-rate statistics in a full-load trial run stage; recording a unit parameter curve; controlling system operation maintenance, fault inspection and processing; and (5) testing and evaluating each system of the thermal control at the full load stage.
In the debugging of a turbine monitoring system, namely a TSI system, the main debugging method of each signal of the TSI system comprises the following steps:
1) the working voltage and the ground insulation of the pre-device are checked again, so that the normal work can be ensured;
2) the probe and the extension cable joint are rechecked to ensure the connection and the stress resistance, and a heat shrink tube is used for firmly sleeving the probe and the extension cable joint to ensure the normal insulation to the ground;
3) the installation of the sensor is rechecked, so that the installation is firm and the position is correct;
4) rechecking and recording the installation clearance of the rotating speed sensor, enabling the working voltage to meet the specified value of a manufacturer and enabling the marking direction to be correct;
5) checking that the axial displacement, the mounting clearance of the cylinder differential expansion sensor and the working voltage meet the factory specified values, particularly paying attention to the fact that the directions selected from the head direction and the configuration of the probe are uniform and meet the factory specified directions;
6) corresponding relation of output voltage of the cylinder expansion sensor is collected again, and the error of the lower-mounted configuration check is in accordance with the regulation of a manufacturing factory;
7) checking whether the state of the indicator light of each module of the monitoring instrument cabinet is normal;
8) checking whether relevant parameters output to each system by the TSI are normal;
9) and two paths of power supplies are switched, and the system needs to work normally.
The invention has the following positive beneficial effects:
the debugging process of the thermal control host system is simplified, the debugging construction process is optimized, the whole set of debugging method provides technical support for the debugging work of small-scale units such as biomass and garbage power generation, the debugging work of the small-scale units can be completed carefully, comprehensively and efficiently by taking the debugging work process and the debugging key points as the debugging guidance of a construction site, the units can be operated safely and stably through meticulous system debugging, the debugging progress is accelerated under the condition of ensuring the construction quality, and the debugging efficiency of the units is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a debugging flow chart of a host debugging method of a biomass and garbage generator set according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for debugging the mainframe digital electro-hydraulic control (DEH) system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for debugging the turbine monitoring system, i.e., the TSI system, of FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained and explained with reference to the accompanying drawings 1, 2, 3 and the specific embodiments:
example (b): a biomass and garbage generator set host debugging method comprises the following steps:
s1: debugging a host digital electro-hydraulic control system (DEH system):
collecting design drawings and equipment data, mainly comprising: the method comprises the steps of designing a DEH system, designing a logic diagram and a configuration diagram of the DEH system, designing a hardware specification of the DEH system, an I/O list of the DEH system, a specification related to an electro-hydraulic converter, knowing a thermal control device and a thermodynamic system on site, preparing to debug instrument and equipment, checking a check record related to a measuring element according to specific requirements of regulations and standards, carrying out a remote operation test of an electro-hydraulic valve, sending an analog signal to a signal input end, carrying out open-loop debugging on the system, and carrying out a sub-static test and a whole set of linkage test of the DEH system.
The debugging process comprises the following steps:
a1: primary measurement element inspection: checking a primary check record of a primary measuring element related to the DEH system, and knowing the measuring range and the zero point of the analog primary measuring element; for the switching value primary measurement element, the action direction, the action value and the return difference are known, the primary check record data are compared with corresponding data in a logic diagram of a control system, and the problem occurring in the comparison result is recorded.
A2: DEH system configuration software checking and parameter modification: all control strategies are in accordance with actual requirements of design and field, but due to factors in aspects of design change or equipment upgrading and the like, the original design is not in accordance with new requirements of the field, and the control logic must be checked according to a design drawing.
A3: thermal signal inspection test: checking whether the alarm signals generated by the DEH system to the thermal signaling device and the operator station are correct; two methods of inspection can be taken: firstly, a corresponding analog signal is directly added on the on-site primary equipment, the analog signal is sent to a thermal signal device or an operator station after being processed by a control system, and then whether alarm display is correct (an alarm position, alarm text description, an alarm grade, an alarm sound and the like) is checked on an alarm window of the thermal signal device or the operator station. Secondly, adding an analog signal in the system by a software modification method, and then checking whether the alarm display is correct on an alarm window of a thermal signal device or an operator station; the first method should be adopted as much as possible in general, because the method can make the test result more real; the second method can be used as a test method complementary to the first method, so that all alarm bar signals can be checked and verified.
A4 inspection of the electro-hydraulic servo mechanism: the electro-hydraulic servo mechanism of the DEH system comprises a main valve and an adjusting valve, a valve pulling test is firstly carried out on the DEH system, the accuracy of instructions and feedback signals is ensured, the valve can be fully opened and fully closed, the linearity is good, the operation is stable and uniform, and the valve jam phenomenon is avoided; for example, the electromagnetic valve is electrified, the action condition of the electromagnetic valve is checked by means of hearing and touching, the valve core is flexible and reliable in action, and a medium channel is smooth.
Then, a manual control loop (remote operation) is used for manually operating the hanging brake on site according to the principle that firstly, the steam turbine is hung on the brake, the ETS is reset, the signal display of full opening of the main throttle is waited on a DEH picture, then the adjusting valve and the main throttle are respectively operated on an operation picture, and a remote operation test of a servo mechanism is carried out; for example, pressing the valve up-down button to make the valve perform the full stroke opening and closing process, and checking whether the feedback value of the dial indicator is consistent with the actual valve position.
A5: and (3) automatic control test of a DEH rotating speed control system: when the DEH is in a rotating speed control state, the DEH is a rotating speed closed-loop control system; before the turbo generator set is connected to the grid, DEH is a rotating speed closed-loop no-difference adjusting system; the set point is a given rotating speed, the difference between the given rotating speed and the actual rotating speed is calculated by a PID regulator, and the opening degree of the servomotor is controlled by a servo system, so that the actual rotating speed changes along with the given rotating speed; for example, after the target rotation speed is set, the given rotation speed automatically approaches the target rotation speed at the set rate of increase; when entering the critical rotating speed area, automatically changing the speed increasing rate into the set speed to quickly rush away; if the rising rate before entering the critical zone is larger than the set rate, keeping the rising rate unchanged; during the ramping process, the turbine typically needs to be warmed up to reduce thermal stresses.
A6: DEH system load control: the power controller of the DEH system load control system is also a PID regulator, the difference value of the given power and the actual power is calculated to give a load reference to control the opening of the regulating valve and regulate the actual load of the unit.
For example, after each test before grid connection is completed, a manual/automatic grid connection function test is carried out, and when the rotating speed of a unit is 2985-3015 r/min, a synchronous mode can be switched; when the electric aspect sends a synchronous application, a 'request' indicator lamp is turned on, a 'synchronous allowing' button is pressed, the DEH enters a synchronous mode, and meanwhile, the DEH sends a 'synchronous allowing' signal; and at the moment, sending a synchronous increasing or decreasing signal according to the situation, adjusting the target rotating speed of the unit to meet the synchronous requirement, after the DEH receives the synchronous increasing or decreasing signal, changing the rotating speed within 2985-3015 r/min at the current change rate, bringing the unit to the synchronous rotating speed, and exiting the synchronous mode when the rotating speed exceeds 2985-3015 r/min.
A7: and (3) OPC function test: the set value of the OPC function is generally 103% of the rated rotation speed, that is, when the rotation speed is increased to 103% when the load is removed from the plant, the speed control valve is quickly closed, and at this time, it is checked whether or not the OPC function can be operated at 103% of the rated rotation speed.
A8: cold test and hot commissioning of DEH system:
the cold test, most of the functional tests of the DEH system cannot be carried out dynamically when the turbine is in a running state, and must be carried out in a cold state, so that all the functional test checks or simulation tests of the system are carried out by means of turbine simulation software.
The method includes simulating the starting and stopping operations of the steam turbine under different states, checking automatic speed raising, changing the speed raising rate, automatically carrying load, changing the load change rate, and switching between manual operation and automatic state.
And (3) switching, tracking and checking manual and automatic valve control, performing a control loop self-closed loop test and a dynamic simulation test, and obtaining setting parameters of each regulator and other elements through the simulation dynamic test. Meanwhile, the actual action condition of the steam turbine valve can be checked, the protection test of the steam turbine is combined, the functions of the system are comprehensively tested and checked, the action result of each step of the test is observed, and the places which do not meet the requirements need to be searched for the reasons in time and solved.
And (3) carrying out hot-state operation, wherein when the unit is started, an operator starts the steam turbine at a given speed increasing rate according to the provided starting parameters, checks a rotating speed signal and monitors the running state of the steam turbine in the speed increasing process of the steam turbine, and comprehensively checks each function of the DEH control system along with the increase of the starting and starting times of the steam turbine in different states.
The dynamic debugging of the DEH system is to check whether each power supply system is normal or not, whether a main protection system of a unit is put into operation or not, whether an oil system is normal or not and whether all static tests are completely finished and qualified or not before the turbine is formally started, check whether the indication of each rotating speed signal is consistent or not in the first starting process of the turbine, wherein the indication comprises a redundant rotating speed signal of the DEH system, a rotating speed signal used by a TSI system and a rotating speed signal used by the turbine protection system, and if the indication is abnormal, keep the current state to check the rotating speed signals and strictly forbid blind speed increase.
In the process of carrying out an overspeed test, the rotating speed of the steam turbine should be slowly increased, and the phenomenon of step jump and speed rise should not occur. The process of raising the speed of the turbine should be smooth, and if a jump or oscillation phenomenon occurs, the proportion of the speed regulator should be reduced appropriately.
After the steam turbine is connected to the grid, whether signals such as the pressure of a regulating stage of the steam turbine, the power of a generator and the like are accurately displayed or not is checked, the DEH system is automatically switched to initial load control immediately, and if the initial load is not carried, whether the signals of the generator connected to the grid are effective or not is checked.
For example: when a steam turbine is started at a constant speed of 5520r/min for the first time in the crane wall city garbage power generation project, the rotating speed fluctuates by +/-200 r/min, the PID parameter adjustment has a small effect on controlling the rotating speed, the rated rotating speed of the steam turbine cannot be realized, the valve control curve is located at the inflection point of the control curve under the current steam pressure after the valve control curve is known, the rotating speed cannot be accurately controlled, and after the steam pressure under the current working condition is improved, the PID parameter is adjusted, so that the rotating speed is accurately controlled. The DEH system is debugged by knowing the operating characteristics of the steam turbine, so that the debugging work can be better carried out.
S2: steam turbine monitoring system, i.e. TSI system commissioning
B1: check before power transmission of TSI device: and (3) appearance inspection: confirming that each component and the element are not damaged, welding firmly, and inserting and fastening the components; measuring and recording the resistance of the probe, wherein the resistance value is in accordance with the requirement of a manufacturer; measuring and recording meter shell insulation resistance of an input/output signal end, a power supply end and an output contact end, wherein the resistance value of the meter shell insulation resistance is more than 2M omega; checking whether the matched probe, the extension cable and the preamplifier are matched according to the requirements of each measuring loop, and meeting the requirements; shielded cable and connection inspection.
B2: channel testing and device function testing: confirming the safety of an external circuit, inserting a monitoring clamping piece, checking whether the configuration of each channel of the TSI clamping piece is correct or not through a touch screen provided by the HZD-8500D or a debugging notebook provided with corresponding software, checking and setting alarm and protection fixed values; simulating alarm and protection actions, and judging whether the output of each relay is correct or not; monitoring system faults and judging whether a card state lamp is normal or not;
b3: field installation and debugging: carrying out installation work according to the serial number of the probe, the serial number of the extension cable and the serial number of the preamplifier; measuring and recording the gap voltage on site, and filling in a field installation debugging record; the rotating speed probe gap is the distance between the probe and the top end of the rotating speed gear, and the gap is determined by checking the tooth top of the manual barring gear or aligning the tooth top of the manual barring gear to the top of the probe; carrying out anti-interference tests on the probe and the cable;
b4: the sensor and the display instrument are jointly adjusted: before debugging, the wiring and line checking work of the sensor input circuit and the system output circuit must be completed, the wiring of the lines is ensured to be correct and firm, and the steam turbine rotor is pushed to a preset position and does not move randomly during the installation of the probe.
The main debugging method of each signal of the TSI system comprises the following steps:
1) rechecking whether the working voltage of the pre-device and the ground insulation are normal;
2) rechecking whether the probe is tightly connected with the extension cable connector without stress, firmly sleeving the extension cable connector with a heat-shrinkable tube, and insulating the extension cable connector against the ground normally;
3) rechecking whether the sensor is firmly installed and whether the position is correct;
4) rechecking and recording the installation clearance of the rotating speed sensor and the working voltage which meet the specified values of a manufacturer, and marking the rotating speed sensor in a correct direction;
5) checking whether the axial displacement, the mounting clearance of the cylinder differential expansion sensor and the working voltage meet the specified values of a manufacturer, particularly paying attention to whether the head direction and the selected direction in the configuration of the probe are uniform and meet the specified direction of the manufacturer;
6) re-collecting the corresponding relation of the output voltage of the cylinder expansion sensor, and checking whether the error of the lower-mounted configuration meets the regulation of a manufacturing plant;
7) checking whether the state of the indicator light of each module of the monitoring instrument cabinet is normal;
8) checking whether relevant parameters output to each system by the TSI are normal;
9) and switching two power supplies to judge whether the system works normally.
B5: static interlocking test: the method comprises the following steps of performing an interlocking test with a protection system and an alarm system, confirming that a thermotechnical signal system is statically debugged and works normally, and confirming that a steam turbine emergency tripping system is statically debugged and works normally;
for example: changing the high I value alarm constant value of the axial displacement measuring instrument to enable the actual axial displacement to be larger than the high I value alarm constant value, and generating an axial displacement large alarm; and changing the low I value alarm fixed value of the axial displacement measuring instrument to ensure that the actual axial displacement is lower than the low I value alarm fixed value, and generating a large axial displacement alarm. Changing the high II value alarm constant value of the axial displacement measuring instrument to ensure that the actual axial displacement is greater than the high II value alarm constant value, generating an axial displacement large trip condition and generating a trip signal in a steam turbine emergency trip system; changing the low II value alarm constant value of the axial displacement measuring instrument to ensure that the actual axial displacement is lower than the low II value alarm constant value, generating a large axial displacement tripping condition, generating a tripping signal in a turbine emergency tripping system, and performing the test of other measuring signals by referring to the method.
B6: and (3) testing a DCS system interface: the analog quantity signals entering the DCS system are accurate and uniform in measuring range, the change of the measuring range or linear correction of the TSI system is required to inform the DCS to change correspondingly in time, and the switching value signals entering the DCS system can verify whether the signal loop and the DCS end configuration are correct or not during static test.
B7: the TSI system dynamically invests: before the unit is started, whether the indication of each parameter of the TSI system is normal or not is comprehensively checked, and each measured parameter has no over-limit alarm condition so as to ensure the safe start of the unit; in the starting process of the unit and the trial run process of 72 hours, the problems are solved, technical analysis and timely treatment are carried out, and the TSI system is ensured to work normally; before the unit is turned over for the first time, all the in-cylinder measuring probes are mounted; before the unit is started for the first time, all measuring instruments of the TSI are put into 100%, and all data are monitored during the unit commissioning period, so that the monitored parameters are guaranteed to be correct.
For example: when the Lushan biomass power generating set runs at 3000r/min, a TSI rotating speed signal is displayed abnormally, data measurement is sometimes carried out, a whole signal loop is checked, the fact that the connecting line between the rotating speed probe and the TSI rotating speed is loosened is found, a shielding line is connected in a virtual mode, the rotating speed is displayed normally after the connecting problem is processed, the TSI probe of the body is installed and is adjusted strictly according to clearance parameters given by a manufacturer, quality is guaranteed during the connecting, a little problem cannot be caused, and the power generating set can be stopped due to a small problem.
S3: debugging of host trip protection system (ETS)
The wiring of all access steam engine protection systems is checked for correctness by short-circuit method at the primary element in situ under the coordination of installation unit, the mounting condition of the primary measuring element, sampling device and whole loop are checked, the primary check record of the primary measuring element related to the protection system is checked, the range and zero point of the analog primary measuring element are known, the action direction, action value and return difference of the switching primary measuring element are known, the primary check record data are compared with the corresponding data in the logic diagram of the protection system, and the compared result is recorded.
The inspection and the remote operation test of the solenoid valve, the installation condition of the trip solenoid valve is inspected and the electric loop inspection is carried out: firstly, testing the direct current resistance value of the electromagnetic valve by using a high-precision meter, and then testing the insulation resistance value of a coil of the electromagnetic valve to the ground by using a megohmmeter, wherein the value of the insulation resistance value is not less than 1M omega; and thirdly, the power supply loop checks and supplies power to the electromagnetic valve, the action condition of the electromagnetic valve is checked by hearing, touching and other effective methods, the valve core is flexible and reliable in action, and the medium channel is smooth. After the electromagnetic valve single body is completely debugged, remote operation test work is carried out on an operator station so as to ensure the basic control function of the protection system on the electromagnetic valve.
All control logic should meet design and field practical requirements, but the following may occur: due to factors in aspects of design change or equipment upgrading and the like, the original design does not meet new requirements of a field; the original design has no errors, but errors exist on a specific configuration diagram, so that the original design intention cannot be realized; for the problems which may occur, the control logic must be checked according to the design drawing, the fixed values (protection fixed value and alarm fixed value) of the ETS system are checked and analyzed together with the engineering major, and the problems are found and modified in time.
It is checked whether the alarm signal generated by the protection system to the thermal signalling device is correct.
C1: static test
1) Starting auxiliary equipment such as an oil pump and the like, establishing oil pressure, electrifying a protection device, shielding the actual tripping condition by adopting a simulation method, manually resetting a steam turbine on site, hanging a brake of the steam turbine, opening a main steam valve, and performing a protection static simulation test; for example, because there are many tripping items, after the main steam valve is confirmed to act without errors, the steam turbine can be simulated to hang up, the main steam valve does not need to be opened, and after a tripping condition occurs, the state of the high-voltage interruption solenoid valve can be confirmed by checking first-out and checking.
2) Vacuum low, lube low pressure test: manually touching the pressure switch contact on site, the pressure switch acts, whether the steam turbine protection system acts or not is judged, and whether the high-pressure shutoff electromagnetic valve acts or not is judged;
3) steam turbine overspeed test: simulating an overspeed shutdown contact signal at the TSI cabinet, and judging whether the overspeed signal acts or not and whether the high-pressure interruption electromagnetic valve acts or not;
4) the main protection action test of the generator: simulating any generator main protection condition on a generator main protection device to enable a generator main protection system to act, and judging whether a steam turbine protection system acts or not and whether a high-voltage interruption electromagnetic valve acts or not;
5) shaft vibration high protection test: simulating a shaft vibration high-protection contact signal at the TSI cabinet, and judging whether a shaft vibration large signal of a steam turbine protection system acts or not and whether a high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve acts or not;
6) axial displacement protection action test: simulating an axial displacement protection contact signal at the TSI cabinet, and judging whether the axial displacement signal of the steam turbine protection system acts or not and whether the high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve acts or not;
7) and (3) expansion difference protection action test: simulating an expansion difference protection contact signal at a TSI cabinet, and judging whether the expansion difference protection signal of the steam turbine protection system acts or not and whether the high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve acts or not;
8) manual emergency trip button operation: pressing a turbine emergency trip button of a turbine operating platform, and judging whether a turbine protection system acts or not and whether a high-voltage interruption solenoid valve acts or not;
c2: dynamic test: the purpose of the dynamic test of the steam turbine protection system is to further adjust the control system so that the control logic and the dynamic parameters of the control system completely meet the requirement of the investment of a thermodynamic system; during dynamic test, the system participates in the starting process of the host, records problems occurring in the starting process, gives the reasons of abnormal tripping of the host system, provides a scheme for solving the problems, and specifically implements determined addition and modification projects.
Example (c): when ETS protection debugging of the Lushan biomass turbine is carried out, 2 ETS protection actions are taken when the liquid level of a main oil tank of lubricating oil is low by 3, the turbine is not tripped, and after debugging is provided, the protection is added after installation units, debugging, and discussion of owners and manufacturers. The secondary pulse oil pressure low single-point trip signal is easy to cause ETS misoperation and cause shutdown accidents because the oil pressure of the system is unstable and fluctuates, and the protection is removed through discussion. And when the ETS is debugged, the ETS protection is increased or decreased according to the actual conditions of field equipment and a system. The thermal control ETS protection is to be implemented without loss, prevent misoperation and no action and improve the host protection quality.
S4: thermally controlled integrated start-up debug
D1: empty load debugging phase
The system comprises a commissioning and checking sequence control system, a boiler furnace safety monitoring system, an analog quantity control system, a computer monitoring system, a host digital electric hydraulic control system, a host monitoring instrument system and a host trip protection system; after the steam turbine shaft seal system operates normally, the shaft seal pressure is automatically input; after the condensate system operates normally, the water level of the condenser is automatically put into the condenser; after the water supply pump is loaded, the water supply is put into the water supply tank automatically; after the air and smoke system operates stably, the air and smoke system is thrown into a hearth to realize automatic pressure; after the primary air system operates normally, the flow of the primary air input is automatic; and after the secondary air system operates normally, the flow of the secondary air input into the secondary air inlet is automatic.
Before the steam turbine is rushed to rotate, the functions of the digital electro-hydraulic control system and the host trip protection system are confirmed to be normal, and various protections are checked to be put into use.
When the steam turbine is rushed to rotate, checking whether the three paths of rotating speed signals are correct or not; checking whether the indication of the host detecting instrument table parameters is normal; checking whether the rotating speed signal is consistent with the rotating speed signal of the host electrohydraulic control system; checking the quality of the steam turbine rotating speed regulation, and setting a regulation parameter.
After the steam turbine is in constant speed, the oil injection test and the on-line test of the solenoid valve interruption are carried out in cooperation with the steam turbine specialty. During the electric false synchronization test, removing a main switch closing signal in the DEH, and checking whether the DEH automatic synchronization function is normal; and after the pseudo synchronization test is finished, recovering a main switch closing signal in the DEH.
And (3) checking that the grid-connected initial load function of the host digital electro-hydraulic control system is correct, wherein the grid-connected initial load is about 3%. After the unit is split, the main throttle and the throttle adjusting tightness test are carried out in cooperation with the steam turbine major, the electric overspeed test is carried out in cooperation with the steam turbine major, the operation maintenance, the fault check and the fault processing of the system are controlled, and the thermal control systems in the air load stage are tested and evaluated.
D2: on-load debugging phase
The unit is more than 20% of rated load, after the desuperheating water system operates normally, the desuperheating water of the first-stage superheater and the second-stage superheater is gradually added for desuperheating water automatically; when the valve activity test is carried out in cooperation with the steam turbine specialty, the DEH power closed-loop control function is put into use. And controlling the operation maintenance, fault inspection and processing of the system, and testing and evaluating each system in thermal control at the stage with load.
D3: full load trial run phase
Carrying out three-rate statistics in a full-load trial run stage; recording a unit parameter curve; controlling system operation maintenance, fault inspection and processing; and (5) testing and evaluating each system of the thermal control at the full load stage.
The debugging method provides an optimization scheme for debugging of the Lushan biomass and garbage power generation project, and achieves the aims of accelerating the progress, reducing the cost, improving the unit efficiency and saving the energy.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A biomass and garbage generator set host debugging method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: debugging a host digital electro-hydraulic control system (DEH system):
a1: primary measurement element inspection: checking a primary verification record of a primary measurement element associated with the DEH system;
a2: checking the DEH system configuration software and parameter modification: checking the control logic according to a design drawing;
a3: thermal signal inspection test: checking whether the alarm signals generated by the DEH system to the thermal signaling device and the operator station are correct;
a4: and (3) checking the electro-hydraulic servo mechanism: firstly, performing a valve pulling test on a DEH system to ensure the accuracy of an instruction and a feedback signal; then, a remote manual control loop firstly hangs the brake turbine, resets the ETS, manually operates the brake on site, waits for the full-open signal display of the main valve on a DEH picture, and then respectively operates the adjusting valve and the main valve on an operation picture to carry out a remote operation test of a servo mechanism;
a5: and (3) automatic control test of a DEH rotating speed control system: setting a given rotating speed and a target rotating speed, calculating the difference between the given rotating speed and the actual rotating speed through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulator after starting, and controlling the opening degree of the servomotor through a servo system after calculating so that the actual rotating speed changes along with the given rotating speed;
a6: DEH system load control: setting a given power, calculating the difference value between the given power and the actual power through a PID regulator of a power controller, calculating a given load reference to control the opening of a regulating valve and regulate the actual load of a unit;
a7: and (3) OPC function test: when the load of the unit is relieved and the rotating speed is increased to 103 percent of the rotating speed, the speed regulating valve is quickly closed, and at the moment, the speed is checked to be 103 percent of the rated rotating speed to see whether OPC can act or not;
a8: cold test and hot commissioning of DEH system:
most functional tests of the DEH system cannot be performed dynamically during turbine run-up and must be performed in a cold state, so that all functional test checks or simulation tests of the system are performed by means of turbine simulation software: simulating the starting and stopping operations of the steam turbine under different states, checking automatic speed rise, changing the speed rise rate, automatically carrying load, changing the load change rate, and switching between manual operation and automatic state; manual and automatic valve control switching tracking inspection, control loop self-closed loop test and dynamic simulation test;
the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out thermal state operation, wherein when a unit is started, an operator starts a steam turbine at a given speed increasing rate according to provided starting parameters, checking a rotating speed signal and monitoring the running state of the steam turbine in the speed increasing process of the steam turbine, and comprehensively checking each function of a DEH control system along with the increase of starting times and starting times of the steam turbine in different states;
s2 debugging of turbine monitoring system (TSI system)
B1: the TSI device is subjected to pre-power transmission inspection, which comprises appearance inspection, resistance inspection, inspection of each port on the insulation resistance of a shell and inspection of components on each measurement loop;
b2: channel testing and device function testing: confirming the safety of an external circuit, inserting a monitoring clamping piece, checking whether the configuration of each channel of the TSI clamping piece is correct or not through a touch screen provided by the HZD-8500D or a debugging notebook provided with corresponding software, checking and setting alarm and protection fixed values; simulating alarm and protection actions, and judging whether the output of each relay is correct or not; checking whether the system fault monitoring and the card state lamp are normal or not;
b3: field installation and debugging: carrying out installation work according to the serial number of the probe, the serial number of the extension cable and the serial number of the preamplifier; measuring and recording the gap voltage on site, checking the tooth top of the manual barring gear or aligning the tooth top of the manual barring gear to the top of the probe, and determining the gap; carrying out anti-interference tests on the probe and the cable;
b4: the sensor and the display instrument are jointly adjusted: before debugging, the wiring and line checking work of the sensor input loop and the system output loop must be completed, the wiring of the line is ensured to be correct and firm, and the steam turbine rotor is pushed to a preset position and does not move randomly during the installation of the probe;
b5: static interlocking test: the method comprises the following steps of performing an interlocking test with a protection system and an alarm system, confirming that a thermotechnical signal system is statically debugged and works normally, and confirming that a steam turbine emergency tripping system is statically debugged and works normally;
b6: and (3) testing a DCS system interface: the accuracy of analog quantity signals entering a DCS is ensured, and the measuring range is uniform;
b7: the TSI system dynamically invests: before the unit is started, whether the indication of each parameter of the TSI system is normal or not is comprehensively checked, the condition that each measurement parameter is out of limit and is alarmed does not appear, and before the unit is turned over for the first time, all in-cylinder measurement probes are installed; before the unit is started for the first time, all measuring instruments of the TSI are put into 100%, and all data are monitored during the unit commissioning period to ensure that monitored parameters are correct;
s3 debugging host trip protection system (ETS)
C1: static test: starting auxiliary equipment, including an oil pump, establishing oil pressure, electrifying a protection device, shielding the tripping condition which really exists by adopting an analog method, manually resetting a steam turbine on site, hanging a brake of the steam turbine, opening a main steam valve, and carrying out a protection static analog test:
1) vacuum low, lube low pressure test: the contact of the pressure switch is manually touched on the spot, the pressure switch acts, at the moment, the steam turbine protection system acts, and the high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve acts;
2) steam turbine overspeed test: simulating an overspeed shutdown contact signal at the TSI cabinet, wherein the overspeed signal acts, and the high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve acts;
3) the main protection action test of the generator: simulating any generator main protection condition on a generator main protection device to enable a generator main protection system to act, wherein the steam turbine protection system acts at the moment, and the high-voltage cutoff solenoid valve acts;
4) shaft vibration high protection test: simulating a shaft vibration high-protection contact signal at the TSI cabinet, wherein the shaft vibration high-protection signal of the steam turbine protection system can act, and the high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve can act;
5) axial displacement protection action test: simulating an axial displacement protection contact signal at the TSI cabinet, wherein the axial displacement signal of the steam turbine protection system can act at the moment, and the high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve can act;
6) and (3) expansion difference protection action test: simulating an expansion difference protection contact signal at the TSI cabinet, wherein the expansion difference protection signal of the steam turbine protection system can act at the moment, and the high-pressure cutoff solenoid valve can act;
7) manual emergency trip button operation: pressing down a steam turbine emergency trip button of a steam turbine operating platform, wherein a steam turbine protection system can act, and a high-voltage cutoff solenoid valve can act;
c2: dynamic test: during dynamic test, the system participates in the starting process of the host, records the abnormal tripping reason of the host system, proposes a scheme for solving the abnormal tripping, and specifically implements determined addition and modification projects;
s4: thermally controlled integrated start-up debug
D1: and (3) an empty load debugging stage: the system comprises a commissioning and checking sequence control system, a boiler furnace safety monitoring system, an analog quantity control system, a computer monitoring system, a host digital electric hydraulic control system, a host monitoring instrument system and a host trip protection system; after the steam turbine shaft seal system operates normally, the shaft seal pressure is automatically input; after the condensate system operates normally, the water level of the condenser is automatically put into the condenser; after the water supply pump is loaded, the water supply is put into the water supply tank automatically; after the air and smoke system operates stably, the air and smoke system is thrown into a hearth to realize automatic pressure; after the primary air system operates normally, the flow of the primary air input is automatic; after the secondary air system operates normally, the flow of the secondary air input is automatic;
d2: and (3) a load debugging stage: the unit is more than 20% of rated load, after the desuperheating water system operates normally, the desuperheating water of the first-stage superheater and the second-stage superheater is gradually added for desuperheating water automatically; when a valve activity test is carried out in cooperation with the steam turbine specialty, a DEH power closed-loop control function is put into operation; controlling system operation maintenance, fault inspection and processing;
d3: and (3) full load trial run stage: carrying out three-rate statistics in a full-load trial run stage; recording a unit parameter curve; and controlling the operation, maintenance, fault inspection and processing of the system.
2. The method for debugging a host of a biomass and garbage generator set according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the host digital electro-hydraulic control system debugging method A3, whether the alarm signals generated by the DEH system to the thermal signal device and the operator station are correct or not can be checked by adopting two checking methods: firstly, a corresponding analog signal is directly added on the on-site primary equipment, the analog signal is sent to a thermal signal device or an operator station after being processed by a control system, and then whether alarm display is correct or not is checked on an alarm window of the thermal signal device or the operator station, wherein the alarm display comprises an alarm position, alarm text description, an alarm grade and an alarm sound; secondly, analog signals are added in the system by a method of modifying software, and then whether alarm display is correct or not is checked on an alarm window of a thermal signal device or an operator station.
3. The method for debugging a host of a biomass and garbage generator set according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the debugging of a turbine monitoring system, namely a TSI system, the main debugging method of each signal of the TSI system comprises the following steps:
1) the working voltage and the ground insulation of the pre-device are checked again, so that the normal work can be ensured;
2) the probe and the extension cable joint are rechecked to ensure the connection and the stress resistance, and a heat shrink tube is used for firmly sleeving the probe and the extension cable joint to ensure the normal insulation to the ground;
3) the installation of the sensor is rechecked, so that the installation is firm and the position is correct;
4) rechecking and recording the installation clearance of the rotating speed sensor, enabling the working voltage to meet the specified value of a manufacturer and enabling the marking direction to be correct;
5) checking the axial displacement, the mounting clearance of the cylinder differential expansion sensor and the working voltage, and particularly paying attention to the unification of the head direction and the selected direction in the configuration of the probe;
6) corresponding relation of output voltage of the cylinder expansion sensor is collected again, and errors of the downloading configuration are checked;
7) checking whether the state of the indicator light of each module of the monitoring instrument cabinet is normal;
8) checking whether relevant parameters output to each system by the TSI are normal;
9) and two paths of power supplies are switched, and the system needs to work normally.
4. The method for debugging a host of a biomass and garbage generator set according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in debugging of an S3 host trip protection system (ETS), the wiring correctness of all the connected steam turbine protection systems is checked by adopting a method of short circuit at a local primary element, so that the wiring of all the connected steam turbine protection systems is ensured to be correct; the installation condition of the primary measuring element and the sampling device and the whole loop are checked, the primary check record of the primary measuring element related to the protection system is checked, the measuring range and the zero point of the analog primary measuring element are known, the action direction, the action value and the return difference of the switching value primary measuring element are known, the primary check record data are compared with corresponding data in a logic diagram of the protection system, and the comparison result is recorded.
5. The method for debugging a host of a biomass and garbage generator set according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in debugging an ETS system which is a main machine trip protection system of S3, the inspection and remote operation test of an electromagnetic valve are carried out, the installation condition of the trip electromagnetic valve is inspected, and the electric loop inspection is carried out: firstly, testing the direct current resistance value of the electromagnetic valve by using a high-precision meter; secondly, testing the insulation resistance value of the coil of the electromagnetic valve to the ground by using a megohmmeter, wherein the value of the insulation resistance value is not less than 1M omega; thirdly, the power supply loop checks and supplies power to the electromagnetic valve, and the action condition of the electromagnetic valve is checked through hearing, touch and other effective methods; after the electromagnetic valve single body is completely debugged, remote operation test work is carried out to ensure the basic control function of the protection system on the electromagnetic valve.
6. The method for debugging a host of a biomass and garbage generator set according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in debugging of an S3 host trip protection system (ETS), whether an alarm signal generated by the protection system to a thermotechnical signal device is correct or not is checked, and a thermotechnical alarm signal check test record is filled.
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